CN113891813A - 混合电动汽车 - Google Patents

混合电动汽车 Download PDF

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CN113891813A
CN113891813A CN201980096954.8A CN201980096954A CN113891813A CN 113891813 A CN113891813 A CN 113891813A CN 201980096954 A CN201980096954 A CN 201980096954A CN 113891813 A CN113891813 A CN 113891813A
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佐藤诚一
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H02K5/225—Terminal boxes or connection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

混合电动汽车(1)的发电机(3)利用线束(9)与变换器(5)电连接。在发电机外壳(3H)开设有发电机开口(3O)，在变换器外壳(5H)开设有变换器开口(5O)。线束(9)在发电机开口(3O)与变换器开口(5O)之间延伸。线束(9)从变换器开口(5O)向朝向发电机(3)的第一方向(D1)导出。线束(9)从发电机开口(3O)向与第一方向(D1)不同的第二方向(D2)导出。变换器开口(5O)相对于发电机开口(3O)向第二方向(D2)偏置，线束(9)的至少一部分在发电机外壳(3H)与变换器外壳(5H)之间延伸。线束(9)必然弯曲，抑制振动从发电机(3)向变换器(5)传递。

Description

混合电动汽车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合电动汽车。
背景技术
下述专利文献1公开了一种混合电动汽车的第一电动发电机、第二电动发电机以及变换器。第一电动发电机和第二电动发电机以它们的旋转轴平行的方式接近地配置。第一电动发电机主要利用内燃机的输出进行发电。第二电动发电机主要驱动车辆的驱动轮。而且，变换器也与发电机和电动发电机接近地配置。发电机和电动发电机分别利用电线束与变换器电连接。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本国特许第3843702号公报
发明内容
不过，连接第一电动发电机和变换器的电线束是高电压的交流三相电力用的电线束，因此，较粗且较短，布设成直线状。因此，向第一电动发电机输入的内燃机的振动借助第一电动发电机的转子、轴承向电线束传递。而且，较短地布设成直线状的电线束不挠曲，因此，将该振动向变换器传递。如此，内燃机的振动向变换器传递，因此，对变换器的零部件要求耐振动性。其结果，变换器的尺寸变大。
因而，本发明的目的在于提供一种能够恰当地抑制内燃机的振动向变换器传递的混合电动汽车。
本发明的特征的混合电动汽车具备：发电机，其与内燃机机械连接起来；和电动发电机，其与驱动轮机械连接起来。发电机利用电线束与变换器电连接。在发电机的外壳开设有供电线束的一端贯穿的发电机开口。在变换器的外壳开设有供电线束的另一端贯穿的变换器开口。电线束的一端从变换器开口向朝向发电机的第一方向导出。电线束的另一端从发电机开口向与第一方向不同的第二方向导出。变换器开口相对于发电机开口向第二方向偏置，电线束的至少一部分在发电机外壳与变换器外壳之间延伸。
附图说明
图1是实施方式的混合电动汽车的示意性结构图。
图2是表示上述混合电动汽车中的发电机和变换器的主视图。
图3是图2中的III-III线剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照图1～图3，同时对实施方式的混合电动汽车进行说明。
如图1所示，本实施方式的混合电动汽车[hybridel ectric vehicle](HEV)1在车辆的前部[front section]的发动机舱内设置有内燃机(ICE)2、发电机[generator]3、电动发电机[motor-generator](MG)4、以及变换器5。发电机3借助齿轮箱6与ICE2机械连接。MG4借助齿轮箱6与驱动轮[driving wheels](前轮)7机械连接。变换器5与发电机3和MG4这两者电连接。变换器5也与高电压蓄电池8电连接。此外，虽未图示，但HEV1也具备辅机用的低电压(12V)蓄电池。低电压蓄电池借助内置到变换器5的DC/DC转换器与高电压蓄电池8电连接。来自DC/DC转换器的输出对低电压蓄电池进行充电、或向辅机直接供给。
本实施方式的HEV1采用串联混合系统，ICE2的输出(驱动力)不会向驱动轮7传递，而是借助齿轮箱6内的增速齿轮组向发电机3传递。即，发电机3与ICE2机械连接。由发电机3发电的电力借助变换器5向MG4或(和)高电压蓄电池8供给。也能够将储存到高电压蓄电池8的电力向MG4供给。本实施方式的ICE2不会利用其输出驱动HEV1，而是仅用于发电。因而，ICE2作为发电装置的一部分发挥功能。
MG4的输出(驱动力)借助齿轮箱6内的减速齿轮组和驱动轴向驱动轮7传递。即，MG4与驱动轮7机械连接。而且，在HEV1的减速时由MG4再生发电的电力也能借助变换器5向高电压蓄电池8供给。此外，如上所述，在齿轮箱6内收纳有增速齿轮组和减速齿轮组，在它们之间没有齿轮的啮合。
接着，参照图2和图3，对发电机3、MG4和变换器5、以及电连接发电机3和变换器5的电线束(以下，简称为线束)9进行说明。图2是从车辆前方观察的发电机3和变换器5。在图2中也图示有齿轮箱6，图中的附图标记P1是ICE2与齿轮箱6之间的紧固面，图中的附图标记P2是齿轮箱6与发电机3之间的紧固面。紧固面P2也是齿轮箱6与MG4之间的紧固面。在发电机3的(图2中的)里侧配设有MG4。图3是图2中的III-III线剖视图。变换器5以与发电机3和MG4接近的方式配设于发电机3和MG4的上方。
发电机3的外壳3H(发电机外壳)是铝合金制的，由圆筒状的主体[main body]3C以及使圆筒和箱一体化而成的形状的端盖3B构成。主体3C和端盖3B利用螺栓相互刚性连结[rigidly attached]。主体3C也利用螺栓与齿轮箱6刚性连结。在发电机外壳3H的内部内置有发电机3的定子、转子。发电机外壳3H借助轴承将转子的旋转轴[rotary shaft]3S保持成可旋转。旋转轴3S的一端在齿轮箱6的内部延伸，转子利用上述的增速齿轮组旋转。
发电机外壳3H基本上具有圆柱形状，在其左侧(从HEV1的正面观察的图2中的右侧：齿轮箱6的相反侧)的部分具有立方体从圆柱突出而成的形状，形成有端子箱3T。端子箱3T朝向变换器5突出。因而，在发电机3的右侧(图2中左侧)的部分与变换器5之间形成有空间。在端子箱3T的内部配设有与内部的定子线圈连接起来的端子。在端子箱3T的内部，设置到线束9的一端的端子与发电机3的端子电连接。用于从发电机外壳3H导出线束9的一端的发电机开口3O在端子箱3T的面对齿轮箱6的外表面开口。即，线束9的一端贯穿发电机开口3O。发电机3是高电压的三相交流发电机，线束9是使多个较粗的电线集束而成的。
MG4的外壳4H(MG外壳)也是铝合金制的，具有圆筒形状。不过，在MG外壳4H的右侧(图2中左侧)的端部形成有凸缘，以便与齿轮箱6紧固。MG外壳4H在该凸缘处利用螺栓与齿轮箱6刚性连结。另外，在该凸缘一体地[monolithically]形成有随后论述的变换器5的外壳5H(变换器外壳)的一部分(下部外壳5L)。在MG外壳4H的内部内置有MG4的定子、转子。MG外壳4H借助轴承将转子的旋转轴保持成可旋转。旋转轴的一端在齿轮箱6的内部延伸，借助上述的增速齿轮组使驱动轴旋转。在图2中的左侧示出有供右前轮7的驱动轴连接的齿轮箱6的连接部。该连接部位于比ICE2靠车辆的后方侧的位置。
变换器外壳5H也是铝合金制的，具有箱形状。变换器外壳5H由上部外壳5U和下部外壳5L构成。上部外壳5U和下部外壳5L利用螺栓相互刚性连结。即，变换器外壳5H刚性地固定于MG外壳4H。在变换器外壳5H的内部收纳有发电机3用的功率模块5G(发电机功率模块)、MG4用的功率模块5M(MG功率模块)以及平滑电容器5C等电子零部件。发电机功率模块5G借助线束9与发电机3电连接。MG功率模块5M也与MG4电连接。发电机功率模块5G和MG功率模块5M这两者与平滑电容器5C电连接。
平滑电容器5C配置于比发电机功率模块5G和MG功率模块5M靠近MG4的位置。更具体而言，平滑电容器5C固定于变换器外壳5H的内部底面。发电机功率模块5G和MG功率模块5M相对于MG4排列配置于平滑电容器5C的相反侧。更具体而言，发电机功率模块5G和MG功率模块5M固定于变换器外壳5H的内部上表面。平滑电容器5C用于发电机功率模块5G和MG功率模块5M这两者，因此，考虑电线束长度而配置于两者的中央。
变换器外壳5H的最靠近齿轮箱6(即ICE2)、且距MG4最远的部分向外方(上方)突出，用于从变换器外壳5H导出线束9的另一端的变换器开口5O在该突出部开口。即，线束9的另一端贯穿变换器开口5O。换言之，变换器开口5O配置于变换器外壳5H的最靠近ICE2的外表面上的、变换器外壳5H上的距MG4最远的那一侧。
此外，发电机外壳3H的右侧(图2中左侧)利用第一支架10固定于MG外壳4H(下部外壳5L)，并且，其左侧(图2中左侧)利用第二支架11固定于MG外壳4H。第一支架10和第二支架11是作为金属而比铝合金柔软的钢制的，是虽然稍微但也会挠曲的板材。(铝系金属[铝合金]的振动耐久性和衰减性比铁系金属[钢]的振动耐久性和衰减性低。)因而，第一支架10和第二支架11使发电机3的振动衰减而难以向MG4传递。
线束9在变换器开口5O与发电机开口3O之间延伸，将其一端从变换器开口5O导出的导出方向设为第一方向D1(参照图2和图3)，将其另一端从发电机开口3O导出的导出方向设为第二方向D2(参照图2)。第一方向D1是从变换器开口5O朝向发电机3的方向。第二方向D2在本实施方式中与发电机3的旋转轴3S的轴向[axial direction]DS(参照图2)平行。即，第一方向D1与第二方向D2互不相同。更具体而言，在本实施方式中，第一方向D1与第二方向D2呈直角。因而，在变换器开口5O与发电机开口3O之间延伸的线束9必然弯曲，不会呈直线状延伸。线束9的弯曲部能够挠曲，因此，能够抑制振动从发电机3向变换器5传递(能够吸收振动)。
而且，如图2所示，变换器开口5O相对于在端子箱3T开口的发电机开口3O向第二方向D2偏置。换言之，变换器开口5O的位置沿着第二方向D2与发电机开口3O的位置不同。即，变换器开口5O与发电机开口3O未存在于同一面上。因而，能够延长线束9，能够更有效地抑制振动从发电机3向变换器5传递。另外，通过使它们偏置，能够增大线束9的弯曲的曲率半径。而且，线束9的至少一部分在发电机3与变换器5之间的空间通过而延伸。因而，即使延长线束9，也能够有效地利用该空间，因此优选。通过有效地利用该空间，能够抑制混合系统单元的高度而小型化。
此外，即使第二方向D2不与轴向DS平行，只要第一方向D1与第二方向D2不同，线束9就必然弯曲。只要线束9弯曲，就能够吸收上述的振动。不过，若考虑朝向发电机3的第一方向D1和形成有发电机开口3O的端子箱3T的朝向变换器5突出的突出方向，则出于弯曲后的线束9的顺利的布设的观点考虑，优选第二方向D2与轴向DS平行。尤其是，在使变换器开口5O相对于发电机开口3O向第二方向D2偏置而延长线束9的情况下，能够有效地利用发电机3与变换器5之间的空间，因此优选。在本实施方式中，还通过将形成有发电机开口3O的端子箱3T沿着轴向DS配置于距变换器开口5O最远的那一侧，从而能够尽可能延长线束9，因此优选。
另外，变换器开口5O在变换器外壳5H上的向距MG4最远的外方(上方)突出来的部分开口。由此，能够延长线束9，并且，能够增大线束9的弯曲的曲率半径。如上所述，线束9较粗，因此，难以弯曲，所以较大的曲率半径使线束9的布设容易。另外，较大的曲率半径不会使过大的应力作用于线束9。
上述的线束9的布设与从车辆前方观察的位置关系有关。在本实施方式中，而且，如图3所示，从轴向DS看来，以平滑电容器5C不与线束9重叠的方式布设有线束9。平滑电容器5C不与线束9重叠，因此，从轴向DS看来，变换器开口5O与发电机开口3O沿着第一方向D1接近地配置，即，变换器外壳5H与发电机外壳3H(端子箱3T)接近地配置。在本实施方式中，而且，变换器外壳5H的底变形，以便避开端子箱3T，这正是能够使两者不重叠的结构。根据该结构，能够抑制混合系统单元的高度，能够使系统小型化。此外，即使变换器外壳5H与发电机外壳3H(端子箱3T)接近地配置，线束9也布置在第二方向D2上，因此，使线束9弯曲，并且，能够延长线束9，能够防止振动传递。
如上所述，本实施方式的HEV1采用了串联混合系统。因而，ICE2的振动向与ICE2机械连接着的发电机3的旋转轴3S传递。另外，该振动借助轴承向发电机外壳3H、其内部的定子传递。而且，该振动也借助定子线圈向线束9传递，但如上所述由线束9吸收。此外，在本实施方式中，发电机外壳3H与MG外壳4H未刚性连结，因此，上述的振动不会向MG外壳4H直接传递。因而，能够恰当地抑制ICE2的振动向变换器5传递。其结果，不会对变换器5的零部件要求过度的耐振动性。
根据本实施方式的HEV1，朝向发电机的第一方向D1(线束9从变换器开口5O导出的导出方向)与第二方向D2(线束9从发电机开口3O导出的导出方向)不同。因而，线束9必然弯曲。另外，变换器开口5O相对于发电机开口3O向第二方向D2偏置。因而，能够延长线束9。其结果，能够利用线束9吸收ICE2的振动，能够抑制ICE2的振动向变换器5传递。而且，线束9的至少一部分在发电机外壳3H与变换器外壳5H之间延伸。因而，即使延长线束9，也能够有效地利用发电机外壳3H与变换器外壳5H之间的空间，能够抑制混合系统单元的高度而小型化。
其中，第二方向D2与发电机3的旋转轴3S的轴向DS平行，发电机开口3O在朝向变换器5突出的端子箱3T开口。能够将发电机外壳3H与变换器外壳5H之间的上述的空间形成于端子箱3T的旁边，能够将线束9从发电机外壳3H沿着轴向DS向该空间顺利地导出。因而，能够顺利地布设线束9。此外，第一方向D1是朝向发电机3的方向，因此，与第二方向D2(轴向DS)交叉。因而，线束9从第一方向D1向第二方向D2顺利地弯曲。
另外，变换器开口5O在变换器外壳5H的最靠近ICE2的外表面上开口，端子箱3T沿着轴向DS配置于发电机外壳3H上的距变换器开口5O最远的那一侧。因而，能够尽可能延长在变换器开口5O与形成于端子箱3T的发电机开口3O之间的沿着轴向DS的距离。其结果，能够延长线束9，能够有效地吸收上述的振动。
而且，变换器开口5O配置于变换器外壳5H上的距MG4最远的那一侧，因此，也能够沿着第一方向D1延长线束9，能够更有效地吸收上述的振动。另外，能够增大线束9的从第一方向D1向第二方向D2弯曲的曲率半径。较大的曲率半径使线束9的布设容易，并且，不会使过大的应力作用于线束9。
在变换器外壳5H内，发电机功率模块5G和MG功率模块5M相对于平滑电容器5C排列配置于与MG4相反的一侧。并且，从轴向DS看来，平滑电容器5C不与线束9重叠。即，变换器外壳5H与发电机外壳3H(端子箱3T)沿着第一方向D1接近地配置。因而，能够抑制混合系统单元的高度，能够使系统小型化。
此外，本发明并不限定于上述的实施方式。在上述实施方式中，如图2所示，将变换器开口5O配置于靠近ICE2的那一侧，并且，将发电机开口3O配置到远离ICE2的那一侧(变换器开口5O和发电机开口3O朝向ICE2开口)。不过，也可以是，将变换器开口配置于远离ICE的那一侧，并且，将发电机开口配置于靠近ICE的那一侧(变换器开口和发电机开口在与ICE相反的方向上开口)。即便如此，也能够通过使朝向发电机3的第一方向D1与第二方向D2不同，而使线束9必然弯曲。另外，混合系统搭载于除了车辆前部以外的场所为佳。另外，混合系统的搭载朝向也并不限定于上述实施方式中的朝向。
附图标记说明
1、混合电动汽车(HEV)；2、内燃机(ICE)；3、发电机；3H、发电机外壳；3O、发电机开口；3S、旋转轴；3T、端子箱；4、电动发电机(MG)；4H、MG外壳；5、变换器；5H、变换器外壳；5O、变换器开口；5G、发电机功率模块；5M、MG功率模块；5C、平滑电容器；7、驱动轮；9、电线束；D1、第一方向；D2、第二方向；DS、轴向。

Claims (5)

1.一种混合电动汽车，其具备：
内燃机；
发电机，其与所述内燃机机械连接起来；
电动发电机，其与驱动轮机械连接起来；以及
变换器，其与所述发电机和所述电动发电机电连接，
所述变换器的变换器外壳固定于所述电动发电机的MG外壳，
所述变换器和所述发电机利用电线束电连接，
供所述电线束的一端贯穿的发电机开口开设于所述发电机的发电机外壳，
供所述电线束的另一端贯穿的变换器开口开设于所述变换器外壳，
所述电线束的一端从所述变换器开口导出的导出方向是朝向所述发电机的第一方向，
所述电线束的另一端从所述发电机开口导出的导出方向是与所述第一方向不同的第二方向，
所述变换器开口相对于所述发电机开口向所述第二方向偏置，
所述电线束的至少一部分在所述发电机外壳与所述变换器外壳之间延伸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合电动汽车，其中，
所述第二方向与所述发电机的旋转轴的轴向平行，
所述发电机开口在端子箱开口，该端子箱形成于所述发电机外壳，并朝向所述变换器突出。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合电动汽车，其中，
所述变换器开口在所述变换器外壳的最靠近所述内燃机的外表面上开口，
所述端子箱沿着所述轴向配置于所述发电机外壳上的距所述变换器开口最远的那一侧。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合电动汽车，其中，
所述变换器开口配置于所述变换器外壳上的距所述电动发电机最远的那一侧。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合电动汽车，其中，
所述变换器在所述变换器外壳内设置有：所述发电机用的发电机功率模块；所述电动发电机用的MG功率模块；以及平滑电容器，其与所述发电机功率模块和所述MG功率模块电连接，
所述平滑电容器配置于比所述发电机功率模块和所述MG功率模块靠近所述电动发电机的位置，
所述发电机功率模块和所述MG功率模块相对于所述电动发电机排列配置于所述平滑电容器的相反侧，
从所述轴向看来，所述平滑电容器不与所述电线束重叠。
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EP3978286B1 (en) 2024-03-06
EP3978286A1 (en) 2022-04-06
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JPWO2020240804A1 (zh) 2020-12-03
US20220234456A1 (en) 2022-07-28

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