CN113862527A - High-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing bicycle frame and production process - Google Patents
High-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing bicycle frame and production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113862527A CN113862527A CN202111139806.5A CN202111139806A CN113862527A CN 113862527 A CN113862527 A CN 113862527A CN 202111139806 A CN202111139806 A CN 202111139806A CN 113862527 A CN113862527 A CN 113862527A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-1% of Cu0, Mg: 0.8 to 1.6 percent; si: 4.2-5.7%, Ni: 0.12 to 0.26%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.25%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.12%, Ti: 0.2-0.35%, F: 0 to 0.15 percent of Al and inevitable impurities in balance, wherein the mass percent of the impurities is not more than 0.5 percent; the high-strength aluminum alloy material disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high strength, good toughness, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, so that a bicycle frame manufactured by using the high-strength aluminum alloy material has the advantages of high strength, good toughness, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, the strength and the stability of a bicycle are improved, and the bicycle is more durable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-strength aluminum alloy materials for bicycle frames, in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing bicycle frames and a production process.
Background
The high-strength aluminum alloy material is an ideal material for manufacturing the bicycle frame due to low density, high strength and low cost. The performance of the aluminum alloy material mainly depends on the internal structure, the crystal boundary configuration and the type, size and form of a precipitated phase. The basic form of the aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame is an aluminum alloy round tube. During production, two manufacturing modes are mainly adopted, one mode is casting molding, and the other mode is extrusion molding. The extruded aluminum alloy pipe has smaller quality defects and higher mechanical strength, and the priority of the extruded aluminum alloy pipe is higher than that of pouring forming. On the basis, how to combine the components of the aluminum alloy material and the preparation method of the aluminum alloy round tube to obtain the high-strength aluminum alloy material which has high strength, good toughness, good fatigue resistance and good corrosion resistance and is used for manufacturing the bicycle frame is a topic which is very worthy of research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame and a production process thereof, and aims to further improve the strength, toughness, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance of the existing high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame.
The invention is realized by the following steps: the invention discloses a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-1% of Cu, Mg: 0.8 to 1.6 percent; si: 4.2-5.7%, Ni: 0.12 to 0.26%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.25%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.12%, Ti: 0.2-0.35%, F: 0-0.15 percent of Al and inevitable impurities in balance, and the mass percent of the impurities is not more than 0.5 percent.
The invention also discloses a production process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 770-810 ℃, stirring the molten metal and removing slag; adding Cu, Mg and Si, mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes; adding Ni and Zr, mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes; heating to 830 ℃ and 880 ℃, adding Mn and Ti, and mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes;
s2, adding a refining agent, removing impurities, refining, degassing, standing for 10-15min after refining degassing is finished, and then carrying out slagging-off treatment;
s3, after slagging off is completed, transferring the aluminum alloy melt into a standing furnace, wherein the initial temperature in the standing furnace is 850 ℃, when the aluminum alloy melt is transferred into the standing furnace, the temperature in the standing furnace is slowly reduced to 740-750 ℃, and standing is carried out for 50-60 min;
s4, casting the aluminum alloy melt after standing into an aluminum alloy ingot;
s5, carrying out two-stage homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot to eliminate the grain segregation in the aluminum alloy ingot, wherein the two-stage homogenization system is to keep the temperature at 470 +/-5 ℃ for 24 hours and keep the temperature at 480 +/-5 ℃ for 10 hours;
s6, placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the two-stage homogenization treatment in an extruder die for uniform extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy pipe with the size and form and position tolerance meeting the standard requirements, wherein the heating temperature of an extrusion barrel at a feeding end is 440-480 ℃, the heating temperature of an extrusion barrel at a middle section is 450-470 ℃, the heating temperature of an extrusion barrel at a discharging end is 460-480 ℃, and the extrusion speed of the extruder is 1.0-2.0 m/min;
s7, quenching the extruded aluminum alloy pipe;
s8, carrying out aging heat treatment on the aluminum alloy pipe after quenching treatment;
s9, polishing the inner wall of the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to aging heat treatment, and removing burrs and pull marks.
Further, in step S2, the refining gas is argon gas or a mixed gas of argon gas and chlorine gas.
Further, when the refining gas is argon, the purity of the argon is 100%.
Further, when the refining gas is a mixed gas of argon and chlorine, the mixing ratio of the components of argon and chlorine is 9.5: 0.5.
Further, refining degassing time is 40-60 min.
Further, in the step S3, the cooling speed in the standing furnace is 5-10 ℃/min.
Further, in the step S7, the quenching method is water cooling, and the cooling rate in the quenching process is 150-.
Further, in the step S8, the temperature of the aging heat treatment is 150-170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 hours.
Further, in the step S8, the temperature of the aging heat treatment is 170-190 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-7 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high-strength aluminum alloy material disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high strength, good toughness, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, so that a bicycle frame manufactured by using the high-strength aluminum alloy material has the advantages of high strength, good toughness, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, the strength and the stability of a bicycle are improved, and the bicycle is more durable.
2. The aluminum alloy cast ingot is subjected to two-stage homogenization treatment to eliminate grain segregation in the aluminum alloy cast ingot, so that an unbalanced second phase formed in the casting process is dissolved, the volume fraction of the second phase is reduced, the plasticity of the alloy is improved, and the solid solubility of alloy elements in a matrix is improved, thereby improving the solid solution strength of the alloy.
3. The aluminum alloy pipe after quenching treatment is subjected to aging heat treatment, and the uniformity of an alloy structure and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy pipe are improved through the aging heat treatment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Thus, the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5% of Cu, Mg: 0.8 percent; si: 4.2%, Ni: 0.12%, Zr: 0.05%, Mn: 0.05%, Ti: 0.2 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the mass percent of the impurities is not more than 0.5 percent.
The production process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame comprises the following steps of:
s1, preparing materials according to the types and the mass of the materials required by the high-strength aluminum alloy material, wherein the total mass of the materials is 100kg, and drying after the preparation of the materials is finished. And (3) putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 770-790 ℃, stirring the molten metal and removing slag. After deslagging, adding Cu, Mg and Si, mixing and stirring for 10 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Adding Ni and Zr, mixing and stirring for 10 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Heating to 850 ℃ and adding Mn and Ti, and mixing and stirring for 10 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute.
And S2, adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the refining agent is argon and the purity is 100%, and continuously stirring the aluminum alloy melt when the refining agent is added into the aluminum alloy melt, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min. Degassing after refining is finished, wherein the degassing time is 40 min. Standing for 10min after refining and degassing, and then carrying out slagging-off treatment.
And S3, after slagging off is finished, transferring the aluminum alloy melt into a standing furnace, wherein the initial temperature in the standing furnace is 850 ℃, after the aluminum alloy melt is transferred into the standing furnace, slowly cooling the temperature in the standing furnace to 740 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and standing for 50 min.
And S4, casting the aluminum alloy melt after standing into an aluminum alloy cast ingot.
And S5, carrying out two-stage homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot to eliminate the grain segregation in the aluminum alloy ingot, wherein the two-stage homogenization system is to keep the temperature at 470 +/-5 ℃ for 24 hours and keep the temperature at 480 +/-5 ℃ for 10 hours. The homogenization treatment can promote the dissolution of the non-equilibrium second phase formed in the casting process, reduce the volume fraction of the second phase, improve the plasticity of the alloy and improve the solid solubility of the alloy elements in the matrix, thereby improving the solid solution strength of the alloy.
S6, placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the two-stage homogenization treatment in an extruder die for uniform extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy pipe with the size and form and position tolerance meeting the standard requirements, wherein the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the feeding end is 440-480 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the middle section is 450-470 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the discharging end is 460-480 ℃, and the extrusion speed of the extruder is 1.0 m/min.
S7, quenching the extruded aluminum alloy pipe, wherein the quenching mode is water cooling, the cooling speed in the quenching process is 150-.
S8, carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy pipe, wherein the temperature of the aging heat treatment is 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4 hours. The aging heat treatment can improve the uniformity of the structure and simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy pipe.
S9, polishing the inner wall of the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to aging heat treatment, and removing burrs and pull marks.
Example two:
a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.7% of Cu, Mg: 1.1 percent; si: 4.7%, Ni: 0.16%, Zr: 0.1%, Mn: 0.07%, Ti: 0.25%, F: 0.3 percent of Al and inevitable impurities in balance, and the mass percent of the impurities is not more than 0.5 percent.
The production process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame comprises the following steps of:
s1, preparing materials according to the types and the mass of the materials required by the high-strength aluminum alloy material, wherein the total mass of the materials is 100kg, and drying after the preparation of the materials is finished. And (3) putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 780-800 ℃, stirring the molten metal and removing slag. After deslagging, adding Cu, Mg and Si, mixing and stirring for 13 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Adding Ni and Zr, mixing and stirring for 12 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Heating to 830 ℃ and 880 ℃, adding Mn and Ti, and mixing and stirring for 12 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute.
And S2, adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the refining agent is argon and the purity is 100%, and continuously stirring the aluminum alloy melt when the refining agent is added into the aluminum alloy melt, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min. Degassing after refining, wherein the degassing time is 45 min. Standing for 12min after refining and degassing, and then carrying out slag skimming treatment.
S3, after slagging off is completed, transferring the aluminum alloy melt into a standing furnace, wherein the initial temperature in the standing furnace is 850 ℃, after the aluminum alloy melt is transferred into the standing furnace, the temperature in the standing furnace is slowly reduced to 740 and 750 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, and the aluminum alloy melt is allowed to stand for 60 min.
And S4, casting the aluminum alloy melt after standing into an aluminum alloy cast ingot.
And S5, carrying out two-stage homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot to eliminate the grain segregation in the aluminum alloy ingot, wherein the two-stage homogenization system is to keep the temperature at 470 +/-5 ℃ for 24 hours and keep the temperature at 480 +/-5 ℃ for 10 hours. The homogenization treatment can promote the dissolution of the non-equilibrium second phase formed in the casting process, reduce the volume fraction of the second phase, improve the plasticity of the alloy and improve the solid solubility of the alloy elements in the matrix, thereby improving the solid solution strength of the alloy.
S6, placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the two-stage homogenization treatment in an extruder die for uniform extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy pipe with the size and form and position tolerance meeting the standard requirements, wherein the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the feeding end is 440-480 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the middle section is 450-470 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the discharging end is 460-480 ℃, and the extrusion speed of the extruder is 1.2 m/min.
S7, quenching the extruded aluminum alloy pipe, wherein the quenching mode is water cooling, the cooling speed in the quenching process is 150-.
S8, carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy pipe, wherein the temperature of the aging heat treatment is 170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 6 hours. The aging heat treatment can improve the uniformity of the structure and simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy pipe.
S9, polishing the inner wall of the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to aging heat treatment, and removing burrs and pull marks.
Example three:
a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.8% of Cu, Mg: 1.4 percent; si: 5.1%, Ni: 0.2%, Zr: 0.2%, Mn: 0.11%, Ti: 0.31%, F: 0.1 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the mass percent of the impurities is not more than 0.5 percent.
The production process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame comprises the following steps of:
s1, preparing materials according to the types and the mass of the materials required by the high-strength aluminum alloy material, wherein the total mass of the materials is 150kg, and drying after the preparation of the materials is finished. And (3) putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting at the smelting temperature of 790 and 810 ℃, stirring the molten metal and removing slag. After deslagging, adding Cu, Mg and Si, mixing and stirring for 15 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Adding Ni and Zr, mixing and stirring for 15 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Heating to 850 ℃ and 870 ℃, adding Mn and Ti, and mixing and stirring for 15 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute.
And S2, adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the refining agent is a mixed gas of argon and chlorine, and the mixing ratio of the argon to the chlorine is 9.5: 0.5. When the refining agent is added into the aluminum alloy melt, the aluminum alloy melt is continuously stirred at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Degassing after refining is finished, wherein the degassing time is 55 min. Standing for 15min after refining and degassing, and then carrying out slagging-off treatment.
S3, after slagging off is completed, transferring the aluminum alloy melt into a standing furnace, wherein the initial temperature in the standing furnace is 850 ℃, after the aluminum alloy melt is transferred into the standing furnace, the temperature in the standing furnace is slowly reduced to 740 and 750 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and the aluminum alloy melt is allowed to stand for 55 min.
And S4, casting the aluminum alloy melt after standing into an aluminum alloy cast ingot.
And S5, carrying out two-stage homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot to eliminate the grain segregation in the aluminum alloy ingot, wherein the two-stage homogenization system is to keep the temperature at 470 +/-5 ℃ for 24 hours and keep the temperature at 480 +/-5 ℃ for 10 hours. The homogenization treatment can promote the dissolution of the non-equilibrium second phase formed in the casting process, reduce the volume fraction of the second phase, improve the plasticity of the alloy and improve the solid solubility of the alloy elements in the matrix, thereby improving the solid solution strength of the alloy.
S6, placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the two-stage homogenization treatment in an extruder die for uniform extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy pipe with the size and form and position tolerance meeting the standard requirements, wherein the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the feeding end is 440-480 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the middle section is 450-470 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the discharging end is 460-480 ℃, and the extrusion speed of the extruder is 1.5 m/min.
S7, quenching the extruded aluminum alloy pipe, wherein the quenching mode is water cooling, the cooling speed in the quenching process is 150-.
S8, carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy pipe, wherein the temperature of the aging heat treatment is 170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5 hours. The aging heat treatment can improve the uniformity of the structure and simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy pipe.
S9, polishing the inner wall of the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to aging heat treatment, and removing burrs and pull marks.
Example four:
a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu 1%, Mg: 1.6 percent; si: 5.7%, Ni: 0.26%, Zr: 0.25%, Mn: 0.12%, Ti: 0.35%, F: 0.15 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the mass percent of the impurities is not more than 0.5 percent.
The production process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame comprises the following steps of:
and S1, preparing materials according to the types and the mass of the materials required by the high-strength aluminum alloy material, wherein the total mass of the materials is 80kg, and drying the prepared materials. And (3) putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting at the smelting temperature of 790 and 810 ℃, stirring the molten metal and removing slag. After deslagging, adding Cu, Mg and Si, mixing and stirring for 15 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Adding Ni and Zr, mixing and stirring for 15 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Heating to 830 ℃ and 880 ℃, adding Mn and Ti, and mixing and stirring for 15 minutes at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute.
And S2, adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the refining agent is a mixed gas of argon and chlorine, and the mixing ratio of the argon to the chlorine is 9.5: 0.5. When the refining agent is added into the aluminum alloy melt, the aluminum alloy melt is continuously stirred at the stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute. Degassing after refining, wherein the degassing time is 60 min. Standing for 15min after refining and degassing, and then carrying out slagging-off treatment.
S3, after slagging off is completed, transferring the aluminum alloy melt into a standing furnace, wherein the initial temperature in the standing furnace is 850 ℃, after the aluminum alloy melt is transferred into the standing furnace, the temperature in the standing furnace is slowly reduced to 740 and 750 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and the aluminum alloy melt is allowed to stand for 60 min.
And S4, casting the aluminum alloy melt after standing into an aluminum alloy cast ingot.
And S5, carrying out two-stage homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot to eliminate the grain segregation in the aluminum alloy ingot, wherein the two-stage homogenization system is to keep the temperature at 470 +/-5 ℃ for 24 hours and keep the temperature at 480 +/-5 ℃ for 10 hours. The homogenization treatment can promote the dissolution of the non-equilibrium second phase formed in the casting process, reduce the volume fraction of the second phase, improve the plasticity of the alloy and improve the solid solubility of the alloy elements in the matrix, thereby improving the solid solution strength of the alloy.
S6, placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the two-stage homogenization treatment in an extruder die for uniform extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy pipe with the size and form and position tolerance meeting the standard requirements, wherein the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the feeding end is 440-480 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the middle section is 450-470 ℃, the heating temperature of the extrusion barrel at the discharging end is 460-480 ℃, and the extrusion speed of the extruder is 2.0 m/min.
S7, quenching the extruded aluminum alloy pipe, wherein the quenching mode is water cooling, the cooling speed in the quenching process is 150-.
S8, carrying out aging heat treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy pipe, wherein the temperature of the aging heat treatment is 190 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 7 hours. The aging heat treatment can improve the uniformity of the structure and simultaneously improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy pipe.
S9, polishing the inner wall of the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to aging heat treatment, and removing burrs and pull marks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame is characterized in that the high-strength aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-1% of Cu0, Mg: 0.8 to 1.6 percent; si: 4.2-5.7%, Ni: 0.12 to 0.26%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.25%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.12%, Ti: 0.2-0.35%, F: 0-0.15 percent of Al and inevitable impurities in balance, and the mass percent of the impurities is not more than 0.5 percent.
2. A production process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame as set forth in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 770-810 ℃, stirring the molten metal and removing slag; adding Cu, Mg and Si, mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes; adding Ni and Zr, mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes; heating to 830 ℃ and 880 ℃, adding Mn and Ti, and mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes;
s2, adding a refining agent, removing impurities, refining, degassing, standing for 10-15min after refining degassing is finished, and then carrying out slagging-off treatment;
s3, after slagging off is completed, transferring the aluminum alloy melt into a standing furnace, wherein the initial temperature in the standing furnace is 850 ℃, when the aluminum alloy melt is transferred into the standing furnace, the temperature in the standing furnace is slowly reduced to 740-750 ℃, and standing is carried out for 50-60 min;
s4, casting the aluminum alloy melt after standing into an aluminum alloy ingot;
s5, carrying out two-stage homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot to eliminate the grain segregation in the aluminum alloy ingot, wherein the two-stage homogenization system is to keep the temperature at 470 +/-5 ℃ for 24 hours and keep the temperature at 480 +/-5 ℃ for 10 hours;
s6, placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the two-stage homogenization treatment in an extruder die for uniform extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy pipe with the size and form and position tolerance meeting the standard requirements, wherein the heating temperature of an extrusion barrel at a feeding end is 440-480 ℃, the heating temperature of an extrusion barrel at a middle section is 450-470 ℃, the heating temperature of an extrusion barrel at a discharging end is 460-480 ℃, and the extrusion speed of the extruder is 1.0-2.0 m/min;
s7, quenching the extruded aluminum alloy pipe;
s8, carrying out aging heat treatment on the aluminum alloy pipe after quenching treatment;
s9, polishing the inner wall of the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to aging heat treatment, and removing burrs and pull marks.
3. The process for producing a high-strength aluminum alloy material for use in the manufacture of a bicycle frame as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S2, the refining gas is argon gas or a mixed gas of argon gas and chlorine gas.
4. The process for producing a high-strength aluminum alloy material for use in the manufacture of a bicycle frame as claimed in claim 3, wherein the purity of argon gas is 100% when the refining gas is argon gas.
5. The production process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the refining gas is a mixed gas of argon and chlorine, the component mixing ratio of argon to chlorine is 9.5: 0.5.
6. The production process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing the bicycle frame as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the refining degassing time is 40 to 60 min.
7. The process for producing a high-strength aluminum alloy material for use in the manufacture of a bicycle frame as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S3, the cooling rate in the standing furnace is 5-10 ℃/min.
8. The process for producing a high-strength aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a bicycle frame as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step S7, the quenching manner is water cooling, and the cooling rate in the quenching process is 150-.
9. The process for producing a high-strength aluminum alloy material for use in the manufacture of a bicycle frame as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature of the aging heat treatment in step S8 is 150-170 ℃ and the holding time is 4-6 hours.
10. The process for producing a high-strength aluminum alloy material for use in the manufacture of a bicycle frame as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature of the aging heat treatment in step S8 is 190 ℃ and the holding time is 5-7 hours.
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| CN114892046A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-08-12 | 山东创新金属科技有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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