CN110629086A - Die-casting aluminum alloy material for 5G communication base station shell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Die-casting aluminum alloy material for 5G communication base station shell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
- H05K5/04—Metal casings
Abstract
The invention discloses a die-casting aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station shell, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-0.3% of Tl, 0.05-0.1% of Ba, 0.1-0.3% of Nb, 0.08-0.15% of Zr, 0.3-0.5% of Re, 3-6% of Cu, 2-5% of Si, 0.005-0.01% of Se, 0.003-0.008% of Bi, 0.01-0.1% of rare earth elements, 0.001-0.003% of carbon nanotubes, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.01%. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell. The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell disclosed by the invention is good in heat dissipation performance, high in strength and hardness, good in wear resistance, corrosion resistance and performance stability, obvious in anti-fatigue effect and long in service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 5G communication, in particular to a die-casting aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station shell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and the rapid advance of science and technology, the radio communication technology is greatly improved, the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) enters the life of people in a way of quickly covering ears, is characterized by high-speed and high-quality signal transmission, ultra-large capacity and ultra-low time delay, becomes the mainstream direction of the development of the mobile communication technology at the present stage and in a period of time from now on, and has wide application prospect. The 5G communication technology selects a millimeter wave frequency band above 24GHz as an application frequency band, and the transmission of electromagnetic waves of the frequency band higher than 4G inevitably increases the number of wireless communication base stations by times because the penetration capacity of the electromagnetic waves to solids is reduced. Meanwhile, with the improvement of the integration level and the increase of the power of the wireless communication base station, higher requirements are put forward on the volume, the weight and the heat dissipation performance of the base station. Therefore, in order to satisfy the commercial application of the 5G technology, it is necessary to update the relevant device materials, such as materials applied to various communication base stations, antenna test equipment, and electronic terminals.
The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is a common material for the 5G communication base station related to the application, is one of key component materials for supporting a wireless communication base station, can provide a base plate for fixing electronic devices and circuit boards in the base station, and is a main heat dissipation device for the devices in the base station. However, the existing die-casting aluminum alloy has low strength, elongation and hardness, is easy to deform, break, corrode and the like, and the heat conductivity of the existing die-casting aluminum alloy needs to be further improved, so that the requirements of light weight and heat dissipation of a 5G wireless base station cannot be met.
The Chinese invention patent with the application publication number of CN102146541A entitled "a preparation method of Al-Si-Cu-Mg-xLa rare earth die-casting aluminum alloy" discloses that after 0.1-0.9% of rare earth La is added into Al-11.0Si-2.5Cu-0.2Mg alloy, grains are obviously refined and spheroidized, the second phase form is changed, the mechanical property of the alloy is greatly improved, the die-casting tensile strength is 266-286MPa, and the elongation is 3.0-4.0%. Although the mechanical property of the alloy is improved, the alloy has higher material cost and lower heat-conducting property.
Therefore, the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell, which has the advantages of good heat dissipation performance, high strength and hardness, good wear resistance, good corrosion resistance and good performance stability, is developed to meet the market demand, has wide market value and application prospect, and has very important significance for promoting the accelerated construction and popularization of the 5G communication base station.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell and the preparation method thereof, the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, the process is easy to control, the energy consumption is low, the energy can be obviously saved, the economic loss is reduced, the die-casting aluminum alloy material is suitable for continuous large-scale production, and the production efficiency and the finished product qualification rate are high; the prepared die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell has the advantages of good heat dissipation performance, high strength and hardness, good wear resistance, corrosion resistance and performance stability, obvious anti-fatigue effect and long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-0.3% of Tl, 0.05-0.1% of Ba, 0.1-0.3% of Nb, 0.08-0.15% of Zr, 0.3-0.5% of Re, 3-6% of Cu, 2-5% of Si, 0.005-0.01% of Se, 0.003-0.008% of Bi, 0.01-0.1% of rare earth elements, 0.001-0.003% of carbon nanotubes, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.01%.
Preferably, the rare earth element is formed by mixing Dy and Y according to the mass ratio of 1 (3-5).
Further, the preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, adding silicon when the temperature of molten metal is raised to 800-830 ℃, stirring the molten metal until the silicon is completely melted, and standing for 4-6 minutes; then heating to 835-855 ℃, and adding Tl, Ba, Nb, Zr, Re, Se and Bi into the molten metal; stirring the molten metal and heating the molten metal, adding Cu, rare earth elements and carbon nanotubes into the molten metal when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 860-920 ℃, and stirring for 25-35 minutes under heat preservation to obtain an aluminum alloy molten liquid;
step S2: cooling the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 720-750 ℃, adding a refining agent, spraying nitrogen or inert gas for refining, and keeping the temperature for refining for 15-30min each time; then, slagging off and filtering are sequentially carried out to obtain refined aluminum alloy melt; sampling and testing the chemical components of the alloy, comparing the difference between the designed components and the actually measured components, and finely adjusting to ensure that the alloy components meet the requirements of the designed components;
step S3: injecting the refined aluminum alloy melt qualified in the step S2 into a die for die-casting;
step S4: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy blank subjected to die casting molding in the step S3 at the temperature of 520-550 ℃ for 10-15 hours, carrying out water quenching, carrying out aging treatment at the temperature of 195-205 ℃ for 5-7 hours, and carrying out furnace cooling to obtain the die casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell.
Further, the inert gas is one of helium, neon and argon.
Further, the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of potassium tetrafluoroaluminate, 10-15 parts of calcium hexafluorosilicate, 30-40 parts of potassium chloride and 3-6 parts of rubidium nitrate.
Further, in step S2, the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy melt to the refining agent is 100 (0.3-0.5).
Preferably, the filtration is ceramic filtration.
Further, the number of refining in step S2 is adjusted by the alloy composition and hydrogen content after refining so that the hydrogen content is less than 0.12mL/100 gAl.
Further, the die-casting molding process in step S3 includes: the die-casting molding is carried out under the conditions that the temperature of a die cavity of the die is 280-320 ℃, the injection speed is 0.6-1.2 m/s, the injection specific pressure is 70-90MPa, the pressurizing pressure is 95-115MPa and the pressure maintaining time is 4-6 seconds.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
(1) the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is simple and easy to prepare, the process is easy to control, the energy consumption is low, the energy can be obviously saved, the economic loss is reduced, the die-casting aluminum alloy material is suitable for continuous large-scale production, the production efficiency and the finished product qualification rate are high, the preparation process is green and environment-friendly, and the die-casting aluminum alloy material has high market popularization and application values.
(2) The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell overcomes the defects that the traditional die-casting aluminum alloy material is low in strength, elongation and hardness, easy to deform, break, corrode and the like, and the heat conductivity of the traditional die-casting aluminum alloy material needs to be further improved, and has the advantages of being good in heat dissipation performance, high in strength and hardness, good in wear resistance, corrosion resistance and performance stability, obvious in anti-fatigue effect and long in service life.
(3) The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell provided by the invention has the advantages that 0.1-0.3% of Tl, 0.05-0.1% of Ba, 0.1-0.3% of Nb, 0.08-0.15% of Zr, 0.3-0.5% of Re, 3-6% of Cu, 2-5% of Si, 0.005-0.01% of Se, 0.003-0.008% of Bi, 0.01-0.1% of rare earth elements, 0.001-0.003% of carbon nanotubes and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities are used as raw materials of the die-casting aluminum alloy material, the prepared material has good comprehensive performance, the heat conduction performance of the aluminum alloy material is improved on the premise of not reducing the strength by properly adjusting the content of each element, the heat dissipation of the aluminum alloy material is facilitated, and the content of the Cu element with high heat conduction is adjusted to be matched with Tl, Nb, Zr and Zr elements, The heat conductivity of the aluminum alloy material is effectively improved due to the synergistic effect of Re, and the heat dissipation effect can be further improved by adding a high-heat-conduction material carbon nanotube material; through the addition of the rare earth elements, the rare earth elements and the components have synergistic effect, the melt can be degassed, the pinhole rate in the structure is reduced, the solid solubility of the excessive elements can be effectively controlled, and conditions are provided for the heat treatment of the alloy.
(4) According to the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell, the addition of Re can ensure the strength of the aluminum alloy and enable the aluminum alloy to have better plasticity, and can also reduce the casting crack tendency and the deformation resistance during rolling; ba. The addition of Nb and Zr, in synergistic effect with other components, can not only obviously refine cast alloy grains and increase recrystallization temperature so as to improve the strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy, but also obviously improve the weldability, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal stability of the aluminum alloy; bi. The Nb synergistic effect can refine the aging strengthening phase of the alloy and improve the mechanical property of the alloy, and more Nb and Bi elements can be dissolved in the matrix by strictly controlling the process conditions, so that the aging strengthening phase of the alloy is more effectively refined, the mechanical property of the alloy is improved, and the room-temperature tensile strength of the alloy is obvious; the addition of Se can improve the thermal conductivity and strength of the alloy; the addition of the carbon nano tubes can promote heterogeneous nuclei and refine grains, and as the number of grains in the aluminum alloy material is increased, the force born by each grain is smaller, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy material are obviously improved.
(5) The invention provides a die-casting aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station shell, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: the refining agent comprises, by weight, 15-25 parts of potassium tetrafluoroaluminate, 10-15 parts of calcium hexafluorosilicate, 30-40 parts of potassium chloride and 3-6 parts of rubidium nitrate, and all the components have synergistic effects, so that the refining effect is better, the impurity content in the aluminum alloy material can be obviously reduced, the alloying degree is enhanced, the structure is more compact, and the comprehensive performance and the heat conduction and heat dissipation performance of the aluminum alloy material are improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and make the above features, objects, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples. The examples are intended to illustrate the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The raw materials in the examples of the invention are all purchased commercially.
Example 1
The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1% of Tl, 0.05% of Ba, 0.1% of Nb, 0.08% of Zr, 0.3% of Re, 3% of Cu, 2% of Si, 0.005% of Se, 0.003% of Bi, 0.01% of rare earth elements, 0.001% of carbon nanotubes, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.01%.
The rare earth element is formed by mixing Dy and Y according to the mass ratio of 1:3.
The preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, adding silicon when the temperature of molten metal is raised to 800 ℃, stirring the molten metal until the silicon is completely melted, and standing for 4 minutes; then heating to 835 ℃, and adding Tl, Ba, Nb, Zr, Re, Se and Bi into the molten metal; stirring the molten metal, heating the molten metal, adding Cu, rare earth elements and carbon nanotubes into the molten metal when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 860 ℃, and stirring for 25 minutes under heat preservation to obtain an aluminum alloy molten liquid;
step S2: cooling the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 720 ℃, adding a refining agent, spraying nitrogen for refining, and keeping the temperature for refining for 15min each time; then, slagging off and filtering are sequentially carried out to obtain refined aluminum alloy melt; sampling and testing the chemical components of the alloy, comparing the difference between the designed components and the actually measured components, and finely adjusting to ensure that the alloy components meet the requirements of the designed components; the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of potassium tetrafluoroaluminate, 10 parts of calcium hexafluorosilicate, 30 parts of potassium chloride and 3 parts of rubidium nitrate; the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy melt to the refining agent is 100: 0.3; the filtration adopts a ceramic filtration mode; the refining times are adjusted by the alloy components and the hydrogen content after refining, so that the hydrogen content is less than 0.12mL/100 gAl;
step S3: injecting the refined aluminum alloy melt qualified in the step S2 into a die for die-casting; the die-casting molding process comprises the following specific steps: performing die-casting molding under the conditions that the temperature of a die cavity of the die is 280 ℃, the injection speed is 0.6 m/s, the injection specific pressure is 70MPa, the pressurization pressure is 95MPa and the pressure maintaining time is 4 seconds;
step S4: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy blank die-cast and formed in the step S3 at 520 ℃ for 10 hours, carrying out water quenching, carrying out aging treatment at 195 ℃ for 5 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the die-cast aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell.
Example 2
The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.15% of Tl, 0.07% of Ba, 0.15% of Nb, 0.09% of Zr, 0.35% of Re, 4% of Cu, 3% of Si, 0.006% of Se, 0.004% of Bi, 0.03% of rare earth elements, 0.0015% of carbon nanotubes, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.01%.
The rare earth element is formed by mixing Dy and Y according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.5.
The preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, adding silicon when the temperature of molten metal is raised to 810 ℃, stirring the molten metal until the silicon is completely melted, and standing for 4.5 minutes; then heating to 840 ℃, and adding Tl, Ba, Nb, Zr, Re, Se and Bi into the molten metal; stirring the molten metal, heating the molten metal, adding Cu, rare earth elements and carbon nanotubes into the molten metal when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 880 ℃, and stirring for 27 minutes at the constant temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy molten liquid;
step S2: cooling the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 730 ℃, adding a refining agent into the aluminum alloy melt, spraying helium gas into the aluminum alloy melt for refining, and keeping the temperature for refining for 18min each time; then, slagging off and filtering are sequentially carried out to obtain refined aluminum alloy melt; sampling and testing the chemical components of the alloy, comparing the difference between the designed components and the actually measured components, and finely adjusting to ensure that the alloy components meet the requirements of the designed components; the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 17 parts of potassium tetrafluoroaluminate, 12 parts of calcium hexafluorosilicate, 32 parts of potassium chloride and 4 parts of rubidium nitrate; the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy melt to the refining agent is 100: 0.35; the filtration adopts a ceramic filtration mode; the refining times are adjusted by the alloy components and the hydrogen content after refining, so that the hydrogen content is less than 0.12mL/100 gAl;
step S3: injecting the refined aluminum alloy melt qualified in the step S2 into a die for die-casting; the die-casting molding process comprises the following specific steps: die-casting under the conditions that the temperature of a die cavity is 290 ℃, the injection speed is 0.8 m/s, the injection specific pressure is 75MPa, the pressurization pressure is 102MPa and the pressure maintaining time is 4.5 seconds;
step S4: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy blank subjected to die-casting molding in the step S3 at 530 ℃ for 12 hours, carrying out water quenching, carrying out aging treatment at 198 ℃ for 5.5 hours, and carrying out furnace cooling to obtain the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell.
Example 3
The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2% of Tl, 0.08% of Ba, 0.2% of Nb, 0.11% of Zr, 0.4% of Re, 4.5% of Cu, 3.5% of Si, 0.008% of Se, 0.005% of Bi, 0.06% of rare earth elements, 0.002% of carbon nanotubes, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.01%.
The rare earth element is formed by mixing Dy and Y according to the mass ratio of 1:4.
The preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, adding silicon when the temperature of molten metal is raised to 815 ℃, stirring the molten metal until the silicon is completely melted, and standing for 5 minutes; then heating to 845 ℃, and adding Tl, Ba, Nb, Zr, Re, Se and Bi into the molten metal; stirring the molten metal, heating the molten metal, adding Cu, rare earth elements and carbon nanotubes into the molten metal when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 890 ℃, and stirring for 30 minutes at the constant temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy molten liquid;
step S2: cooling the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 735 ℃, adding a refining agent, spraying neon gas for refining, and keeping the temperature for refining for 23min each time; then, slagging off and filtering are sequentially carried out to obtain refined aluminum alloy melt; sampling and testing the chemical components of the alloy, comparing the difference between the designed components and the actually measured components, and finely adjusting to ensure that the alloy components meet the requirements of the designed components; the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of potassium tetrafluoroaluminate, 13 parts of calcium hexafluorosilicate, 35 parts of potassium chloride and 4.5 parts of rubidium nitrate; the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy melt to the refining agent is 100: 0.4; the filtration adopts a ceramic filtration mode; the refining times are adjusted by the alloy components and the hydrogen content after refining, so that the hydrogen content is less than 0.12mL/100 gAl;
step S3: injecting the refined aluminum alloy melt qualified in the step S2 into a die for die-casting; the die-casting molding process comprises the following specific steps: performing die-casting molding under the conditions that the temperature of a die cavity of the die is 300 ℃, the injection speed is 0.9 m/s, the injection specific pressure is 80MPa, the pressurization pressure is 105MPa and the pressure maintaining time is 5 seconds;
step S4: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy blank die-cast and formed in the step S3 at 535 ℃ for 13 hours, carrying out water quenching, carrying out aging treatment at 199 ℃ for 6 hours, and carrying out furnace cooling to obtain the die-cast aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell.
Example 4
The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.25% of Tl, 0.09% of Ba, 0.25% of Nb, 0.14% of Zr, 0.45% of Re, 5% of Cu, 4% of Si, 0.009% of Se, 0.007% of Bi, 0.08% of rare earth elements, 0.0025% of carbon nanotubes, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.01%.
The rare earth element is formed by mixing Dy and Y according to the mass ratio of 1: 4.5.
The preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, adding silicon when the temperature of molten metal is raised to 825 ℃, stirring the molten metal until the silicon is completely melted, and standing for 5.5 minutes; then heating to 850 ℃, and adding Tl, Ba, Nb, Zr, Re, Se and Bi into the molten metal; stirring the molten metal, heating the molten metal, adding Cu, rare earth elements and carbon nanotubes into the molten metal when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 910 ℃, and stirring for 33 minutes at the constant temperature to obtain an aluminum alloy molten liquid;
step S2: cooling the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 745 ℃, adding a refining agent, spraying argon for refining, and keeping the temperature and refining for 28min each time; then, slagging off and filtering are sequentially carried out to obtain refined aluminum alloy melt; sampling and testing the chemical components of the alloy, comparing the difference between the designed components and the actually measured components, and finely adjusting to ensure that the alloy components meet the requirements of the designed components; the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 24 parts of potassium tetrafluoroaluminate, 14 parts of calcium hexafluorosilicate, 38 parts of potassium chloride and 5.5 parts of rubidium nitrate; the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy melt to the refining agent is 100: 0.45; the filtration adopts a ceramic filtration mode; the refining times are adjusted by the alloy components and the hydrogen content after refining, so that the hydrogen content is less than 0.12mL/100 gAl;
step S3: injecting the refined aluminum alloy melt qualified in the step S2 into a die for die-casting; the die-casting molding process comprises the following specific steps: die-casting under the conditions that the temperature of a die cavity of the die is 310 ℃, the injection speed is 1.1 m/s, the injection specific pressure is 88MPa, the pressurizing pressure is 111MPa and the pressure maintaining time is 5.5 seconds;
step S4: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy blank subjected to die casting in the step S3 at 540 ℃ for 14 hours, carrying out water quenching, carrying out aging treatment at 200 ℃ for 6.5 hours, and carrying out furnace cooling to obtain the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell.
Example 5
The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.3% of Tl, 0.1% of Ba, 0.3% of Nb, 0.15% of Zr, 0.5% of Re, 6% of Cu, 5% of Si, 0.01% of Se, 0.008% of Bi, 0.1% of rare earth elements, 0.003% of carbon nanotubes, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.01%.
The rare earth element is formed by mixing Dy and Y according to the mass ratio of 1: 5.
The preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, adding silicon when the temperature of molten metal is raised to 830 ℃, stirring the molten metal until the silicon is completely melted, and standing for 6 minutes; then heating to 855 ℃, and adding Tl, Ba, Nb, Zr, Re, Se and Bi into the molten metal; stirring the molten metal, heating the molten metal, adding Cu, rare earth elements and carbon nanotubes into the molten metal when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 920 ℃, and stirring for 35 minutes under the condition of heat preservation to obtain aluminum alloy molten liquid;
step S2: cooling the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 750 ℃, adding a refining agent, spraying nitrogen for refining, and keeping the temperature for refining for 30min each time; then, slagging off and filtering are sequentially carried out to obtain refined aluminum alloy melt; sampling and testing the chemical components of the alloy, comparing the difference between the designed components and the actually measured components, and finely adjusting to ensure that the alloy components meet the requirements of the designed components; the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of potassium tetrafluoroaluminate, 15 parts of calcium hexafluorosilicate, 40 parts of potassium chloride and 6 parts of rubidium nitrate; the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy melt to the refining agent is 100: 0.5; the filtration adopts a ceramic filtration mode; the refining times are adjusted by the alloy components and the hydrogen content after refining, so that the hydrogen content is less than 0.12mL/100 gAl;
step S3: injecting the refined aluminum alloy melt qualified in the step S2 into a die for die-casting; the die-casting molding process comprises the following specific steps: die-casting under the conditions that the temperature of a die cavity of the die is 320 ℃, the injection speed is 1.2 m/s, the injection specific pressure is 90MPa, the pressurizing pressure is 115MPa and the pressure maintaining time is 6 seconds;
step S4: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy blank die-cast and formed in the step S3 at 550 ℃ for 15 hours, carrying out water quenching, carrying out aging treatment at 205 ℃ for 7 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the die-cast aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell.
Comparative example 1
The present example provides a die-cast aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station housing, and the formulation and preparation method are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that Tl and Nb are not added.
Comparative example 2
This example provides a die-cast aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station case, which has a formulation and a preparation method substantially the same as those of example 1, except that Ba and Zr are not added.
Comparative example 3
This example provides a die-cast aluminum alloy material for a housing of a 5G communication base station, which has substantially the same formulation and preparation method as example 1, except that Re and Bi are not added.
Comparative example 4
The present example provides a die-cast aluminum alloy material for a housing of a 5G communication base station, which has a formulation and a preparation method substantially the same as those of example 1, except that Se and rare earth elements are not added.
Comparative example 5
The present example provides a die-cast aluminum alloy material for a housing of a 5G communication base station, which has a formulation and a preparation method substantially the same as those of example 1, except that carbon nanotubes and rare earth elements are not added.
Comparative example 6
This example provides a commercially available die cast aluminum alloy material.
The samples prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to performance tests, the test methods and the test results are shown in table 1, and the castability was visually confirmed by die-casting using a conventional die-casting machine (DC 250JMT) having a mold clamping force of 250 tons at an injection speed of 2.0 m/sec and a casting pressure of 80 MPa.
TABLE 1
| Test items | Coefficient of thermal conductivity | Die castingPerformance of | Tensile strength | Elongation percentage |
| Unit of | W/m·K | — | MPa | ％ |
| Test method | GB/T3651-2008 | — | GB/T7964-1987 | GB/T15115-94 |
| Example 1 | 185 | Is excellent in | 369 | 8.0 |
| Example 2 | 188 | Is excellent in | 372 | 8.2 |
| Example 3 | 190 | Is excellent in | 375 | 8.5 |
| Example 4 | 192 | Is excellent in | 379 | 8.7 |
| Example 5 | 195 | Is excellent in | 383 | 8.9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 170 | Good effect | 348 | 7.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 168 | Good effect | 350 | 7.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 172 | Good effect | 345 | 7.3 |
| Comparative example 4 | 171 | Good effect | 343 | 7.4 |
| Comparative example 5 | 174 | Good effect | 345 | 7.2 |
| Comparative example 6 | 165 | Good effect | 320 | 6.9 |
As can be seen from table 1, the die-cast aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station housing disclosed in the embodiment of the invention has more excellent heat dissipation performance and mechanical and die-casting properties, which are the result of synergistic effect of the components of each constituent element.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The die-casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-0.3% of Tl, 0.05-0.1% of Ba, 0.1-0.3% of Nb, 0.08-0.15% of Zr, 0.3-0.5% of Re, 3-6% of Cu, 2-5% of Si, 0.005-0.01% of Se, 0.003-0.008% of Bi, 0.01-0.1% of rare earth elements, 0.001-0.003% of carbon nanotubes, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is not more than 0.01%.
2. The die-cast aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station shell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rare earth element Dy and Y are mixed in a mass ratio of 1 (3-5).
3. The die-cast aluminum alloy material for 5G communication base station shells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the die-cast aluminum alloy material for 5G communication base station shells comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, adding silicon when the temperature of molten metal is raised to 800-830 ℃, stirring the molten metal until the silicon is completely melted, and standing for 4-6 minutes; then heating to 835-855 ℃, and adding Tl, Ba, Nb, Zr, Re, Se and Bi into the molten metal; stirring the molten metal and heating the molten metal, adding Cu, rare earth elements and carbon nanotubes into the molten metal when the temperature of the molten metal reaches 860-920 ℃, and stirring for 25-35 minutes under heat preservation to obtain an aluminum alloy molten liquid;
step S2: cooling the aluminum alloy melt prepared in the step S1 to 720-750 ℃, adding a refining agent, spraying nitrogen or inert gas for refining, and keeping the temperature for refining for 15-30min each time; then, slagging off and filtering are sequentially carried out to obtain refined aluminum alloy melt; sampling and testing the chemical components of the alloy, comparing the difference between the designed components and the actually measured components, and finely adjusting to ensure that the alloy components meet the requirements of the designed components;
step S3: injecting the refined aluminum alloy melt qualified in the step S2 into a die for die-casting;
step S4: and (3) carrying out solution treatment on the aluminum alloy blank subjected to die casting molding in the step S3 at the temperature of 520-550 ℃ for 10-15 hours, carrying out water quenching, carrying out aging treatment at the temperature of 195-205 ℃ for 5-7 hours, and carrying out furnace cooling to obtain the die casting aluminum alloy material for the 5G communication base station shell.
4. The die-cast aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station case as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inert gas is one of helium, neon and argon.
5. The die-cast aluminum alloy material for 5G communication base station housings as claimed in claim 3, wherein the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of potassium tetrafluoroaluminate, 10-15 parts of calcium hexafluorosilicate, 30-40 parts of potassium chloride and 3-6 parts of rubidium nitrate.
6. The die-cast aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station case as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum alloy melt to the refining agent in step S2 is 100 (0.3-0.5).
7. The die-cast aluminum alloy material for 5G communication base station housing as claimed in claim 3, wherein the filtering is in the form of ceramic filtering.
8. The die-cast aluminum alloy material for a 5G communication base station case as recited in claim 3, wherein the number of refining in step S2 is adjusted by the alloy composition after refining and the hydrogen content so that the hydrogen content is less than 0.12mL/100 gAl.
9. The die-cast aluminum alloy material for 5G communication base station housings as claimed in claim 3, wherein the die-cast molding process in step S3 is as follows: the die-casting molding is carried out under the conditions that the temperature of a die cavity of the die is 280-320 ℃, the injection speed is 0.6-1.2 m/s, the injection specific pressure is 70-90MPa, the pressurizing pressure is 95-115MPa and the pressure maintaining time is 4-6 seconds.
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| CN111654986A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-11 | 辽宁鑫知界科技有限公司 | Sand casting aluminum alloy communication shell and processing technology thereof |
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| CN111654986A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-11 | 辽宁鑫知界科技有限公司 | Sand casting aluminum alloy communication shell and processing technology thereof |
| CN111809085A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-23 | 宣城建永精密金属有限公司 | High-voltage electrical system transmission case and casting process thereof |
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| CN112941360A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-11 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry |
| CN112941360B (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2022-05-20 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry |
| CN113578997A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 南京超明精密合金材料有限公司 | Processing technology of super free-cutting precision alloy rod and wire |
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