CN115287511A - 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
7020 superhard aluminum alloy section and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115287511A CN115287511A CN202211095807.9A CN202211095807A CN115287511A CN 115287511 A CN115287511 A CN 115287511A CN 202211095807 A CN202211095807 A CN 202211095807A CN 115287511 A CN115287511 A CN 115287511A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 7020 superhard aluminum alloy profile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy profile comprises an aluminum alloy matrix, and the aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following components in parts by mass: si:0.1-0.15%, fe:0.17-0.21%, cu 0.03-0.08%, mn:0.12-0.27%, mg:1.06-1.18%, cr:0.12-0.15%, zn:4.26-4.36%, ti:0.02 to 0.04%, zr:0.18-0.2%, la:0.03-0.05%, re:0.06-0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The invention has the beneficial effects that: rare earth elements La and Re are added into the aluminum alloy to refine aluminum alloy grains, and after the grains are refined, intercrystalline becomes small, so that the performance of the aluminum material can be improved. And the secondary crystal spacing is reduced, gas and inclusion in the alloy are reduced, the inclusion phase tends to be spheroidized, the fluidity is increased, the casting ingot is facilitated, and the technological performance is obviously influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, according to the final use of materials, aluminum alloy extruded sections have many different requirements, such as higher mechanical properties, excellent machining properties, better material ductility, good surface quality and the like. Therefore, research materials can finally meet the higher and higher use requirements of customers, and become an important subject of research on chemical compositions of aluminum alloys.
The existing aluminum alloy products mainly comprise 6082 aluminum alloy and 7020 aluminum alloy, and the 6082 aluminum alloy has high production efficiency but low mechanical property, and the 7020 aluminum alloy has the defects of soft quality, low strength, poor compactness of internal tissues and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section and a preparation method thereof, rare earth elements La and Re are added into aluminum alloy to refine aluminum alloy grains, after the grains are refined, intercrystalline spaces become small, and the performance of the aluminum material can be improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy profile comprises an aluminum alloy substrate, wherein the aluminum alloy substrate comprises the following components in parts by mass: si:0.1-0.15%, fe:0.17-0.21%, cu 0.03-0.08%, mn:0.12-0.27%, mg:1.06-1.18%, cr:0.12-0.15%, zn:4.26-4.36%, ti:0.02 to 0.04%, zr:0.18-0.2%, la:0.03-0.05%, re:0.06-0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the mass fraction of Zr and Ti satisfies the following relational expression: 0.20 < wzr + wti < 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
A preparation method of a 7020 super-hard aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 420-470 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12-24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
s3: machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3 to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 460-485 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 4-5m/min;
s5: and (3) aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 100-150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 72h.
And further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700-770 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10-22 min, when the temperature of molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 15min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: rare earth elements La and Re are added into the aluminum alloy to refine aluminum alloy grains, and after the grains are refined, intercrystalline spaces become small, so that the performance of the aluminum material can be improved. And the secondary crystal spacing is reduced, gas and inclusion in the alloy are reduced, the inclusion phase tends to be spheroidized, the fluidity is increased, the casting ingot is facilitated, and the technological performance is obviously influenced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a 7020 super-hard aluminum alloy section and a preparation method are provided.
The 7020 superhard aluminum alloy profile comprises an aluminum alloy matrix, wherein the aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following components in parts by mass: si:0.1-0.15%, fe:0.17-0.21%, cu 0.03-0.08%, mn:0.12-0.27%, mg:1.06-1.18%, cr:0.12-0.15%, zn:4.26-4.36%, ti:0.02 to 0.04%, zr:0.18-0.2%, la:0.03-0.05%, re:0.06-0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Example 1: the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.1%, fe:0.17%, cu 0.03%, mn:0.12%, mg:1.06%, cr:0.12%, zn:4.26%, ti:0.02%, zr:0.18%, la:0.03%, re:0.06 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the preparation method of the 7020 super-hard aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 420 ℃ at the heating speed of 10/min, preserving heat for 12h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 460 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25;
s5: and (3) aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 72h.
Further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700770 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10min, when the temperature of the molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 15min.
Example 2: the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.15%, fe:0.21%, cu 0.08%, mn:0.27%, mg:1.18%, cr:0.15%, zn:4.36%, ti:0.04%, zr:0.18-0.2%, la:0.05%, re:0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the preparation method of the 7020 super-hard aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 470 ℃ at the heating speed of 20 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to the room temperature;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 485 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 72h.
Further, in step S1, sequentially putting the proportioned Al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the temperature in the furnace to be 770 ℃, adding a covering agent into the smelting furnace for covering when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, stirring for 22min, introducing a refining agent into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining by using high-purity nitrogen as a carrier when the temperature of molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, then adding the proportioned La and Re, and refining for 15min for three times each time.
Example 3: the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.12%, fe:0.19%, cu 0.06%, mn:0.20%, mg:1.12%, cr:0.13%, zn:4.30%, ti:0.03%, zr:0.19%, la:0.04%, re:0.07%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, preserving heat for 18h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 475 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 125 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 72h.
Further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 735 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, stirring is carried out for 16min, when the temperature of the molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each refining time lasts for 15min.
Example 4: a7020 superhard aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.1%, fe:0.17%, cu 0.03%, mn:0.12%, mg:1.06%, cr:0.12%, zn:4.26%, ti:0.02%, zr:0.18%, la:0.03 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the preparation method of the 7020 super-hard aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 420 ℃ at the heating speed of 10/min, preserving heat for 12h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 460 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 72h.
And further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700770 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10min, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier when the temperature of molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each refining time is 15min.
Example 5: the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.1%, fe:0.17%, cu 0.03%, mn:0.12%, mg:1.06%, cr:0.12%, zn:4.26%, ti:0.02%, zr:0.18%, re:0.06 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the preparation method of the 7020 super-hard aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 420 ℃ at the heating speed of 10/min, preserving heat for 12h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 460 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 72h.
Further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700770 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10min, when the temperature of the molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 15min.
The performance test results of the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section castings of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 4 to 5 of the invention are as follows:
as can be seen from the table, the 7020 superhard aluminum alloy section castings prepared by the processing techniques of examples 1 to 3 have good tensile strength, yield strength and elongation, while the comparative examples 4 to 5 have poor tensile strength, yield strength and elongation.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The 7020 superhard aluminum alloy profile is characterized by comprising an aluminum alloy substrate, wherein the aluminum alloy substrate comprises the following components in parts by mass: si:0.1-0.15%, fe:0.17-0.21%, cu 0.03-0.08%, mn:0.12-0.27%, mg:1.06-1.18%, cr:0.12-0.15%, zn:4.26-4.36%, ti:0.02 to 0.04%, zr:0.18-0.2%, la:0.03-0.05%, re:0.06-0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. A 7020 superhard aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction between Zr and Ti satisfies the following relation: 0.20 < wzr + wti < 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
3. A method of making a 7020 ultra-hard aluminium alloy profile according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 420-470 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12-24h, and then air-cooling the cast ingot to room temperature;
s3: machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3 to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 460-485 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 4-5m/min;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 100-150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 72h.
4. A method of making a 7020 ultra-hard aluminium alloy profile according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700-770 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10-22 min, when the temperature of molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 15min.
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Cited By (1)
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CN118127437A (en) * | 2024-05-10 | 2024-06-04 | 上海天海复合气瓶有限公司 | Light compression-resistant gas cylinder material and method for preparing gas cylinder |
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CN102676962A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-09-19 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method for manufacturing an extruded material of heat treatment type Al-Zn-Mg series aluminum alloy |
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CN114657428A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-06-24 | 滁州佳诚模具制造有限公司 | Processing technology and preparation method of improved refrigerator foaming die casting |
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Patent Citations (4)
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US20050072497A1 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2005-04-07 | Frank Eberl | Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys and products with high mechanical characteristics and structural members suitable for aeronautical construction made thereof |
CN102676962A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-09-19 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Method for manufacturing an extruded material of heat treatment type Al-Zn-Mg series aluminum alloy |
CN103014458A (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2013-04-03 | 滁州佳诚模具制造有限公司 | Processing method of improved 7005 aluminum alloy refrigerator foaming die cast |
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CN118127437A (en) * | 2024-05-10 | 2024-06-04 | 上海天海复合气瓶有限公司 | Light compression-resistant gas cylinder material and method for preparing gas cylinder |
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