CN111690846A - Production process of superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile - Google Patents
Production process of superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111690846A CN111690846A CN202010664227.1A CN202010664227A CN111690846A CN 111690846 A CN111690846 A CN 111690846A CN 202010664227 A CN202010664227 A CN 202010664227A CN 111690846 A CN111690846 A CN 111690846A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production process of a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile, which belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy profile production and comprises the steps of casting, homogenizing, extruding, on-line quenching and artificial aging, wherein the Mg/Si ratio in an alloy raw material is less than 1.73, the Cu content is ensured, and the alloy strength is improved; the extrusion temperature is 515-530 ℃, the extrusion speed is 2.8-3m/min, the aging system selects 185 ℃ multiplied by 10h, the standard reaching rate of the product is improved on the basis of ensuring that the 6026 aluminum alloy section bar meets the mechanical standard requirement, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the 6026 aluminum alloy section bar is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy section bar production, and relates to a production process of a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy section bar.
Background
6026 aluminum alloy is one of 6xxx series aluminum alloys, has excellent corrosion resistance, is suitable for anodic oxidation treatment, and provides decoration. The alloy components of the 6026 aluminum alloy are greatly similar to those of 6061 aluminum alloy and 6082 aluminum alloy, but according to EN755 standard, the mechanical yield strength of 6061 aluminum alloy is required to be not less than 240MPa, the tensile strength is required to be not less than 260MPa, the mechanical yield strength of 6082 aluminum alloy is required to be not less than 260MPa, the tensile strength is required to be not less than 310MPa, the mechanical yield strength of 6026 aluminum alloy is required to be not less than 300MPa, the tensile strength is required to be not less than 370MPa, and the performance requirement standard of 6026 aluminum alloy is higher.
At present, only bar materials are researched for producing 6026 aluminum alloy sections, the research results are less, but the research for 6026 aluminum alloy sections is basically not carried out, and mature experiences are lacked, so that research and research on production processes of 6026 aluminum alloy sections are needed, and key process control points are found on the basis of meeting mechanical requirement standards.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a production process of a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile, a sectional view is shown in fig. 1, the Mg/Si ratio of an alloy raw material is controlled to be less than 1.73, the Cu content is ensured, an extrusion process and an aging system are reasonably selected, a reasonable production process is established from the aspects of alloy components, the extrusion process, the aging system and the like, and a superhard 6061 aluminum alloy profile product meeting the mechanical requirement standard is obtained under the multi-directional synergistic effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a production process of a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps:
s1, casting: preparing alloy raw materials according to a mass ratio, wherein the ratio of Mg/Si is less than 1.73; adding the prepared alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 710-;
s2, homogenizing: placing the aluminum bar obtained by casting into a homogenizing furnace for homogenization heat treatment, and preserving heat for 8 hours at 550 ℃;
s3, extruding: feeding the homogenized aluminum bar into an extruder for extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy section, wherein the extrusion temperature is 515-530 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 2.8-3 m/min;
s4, online quenching: carrying out online quenching on the aluminum alloy section obtained by extrusion in a water-through mode, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy section before quenching is 527-546 ℃, and the temperature of the aluminum alloy section after quenching is less than or equal to 50 ℃;
s5, artificial aging: and (3) artificially aging the quenched aluminum alloy section at 185 ℃ for 10 hours.
Further, in step S1, alloy raw materials are prepared according to the following alloy components and mass ratios: si: 1.18-1.2%, Mg: 0.8-0.89%, Fe: 0.21-0.22%, Cu: 0.37%, Mn: 0.75%, Cr: 0.17%, Ti: 0.06%, Zn: 0.02%, Bi: 0.66 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and the balance: and Al.
Further, in step S1, the alloy raw material is charged in the order of high melting point first, low melting point second, high density first, and low density second.
Further, in step S1, the molten aluminum obtained by melting is subjected to impurity removal, large impurities in the molten aluminum are removed by stirring and slagging off, and the molten aluminum is stirred once every 10 minutes for 10 minutes each time.
Further, in step S1, refining the aluminum liquid after removing impurities, adding a refining agent into the aluminum liquid, blowing argon gas to fully contact the refining agent with the aluminum liquid, and standing for 10-15min, wherein the refining temperature is controlled at 730-.
Further, in step S1, refining, and then refining the aluminum liquid on line, adding a refiner into the aluminum liquid, wherein the dosage of the refiner is 0.5-1.5kg/t Al.
Further, in step S1, a filter screen is used to filter the aluminum liquid after the thinning.
Further, in step S1, the graphite rotor is used to degas the aluminum liquid after filtration, argon is used as protective gas, the rotation speed of the graphite rotor is controlled at 350-.
Further, in step S1, degassed aluminum liquid is poured into the mold, and casting is started when the aluminum liquid rises to 1/3 below the graphite ring of the mold and is maintained for 50-70S.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the Mg/Si ratio in the alloy raw material is less than 1.73, the Cu content is ensured, the excessive Mg can improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy, but the strength and the formability are lower, the excessive Si is favorable for improving the subsequent mechanical property, and the Cu element is added into the alloy to form a strengthening phase (Al)2CuMn), can also improve the strength of 6026 aluminum alloy section bar.
(2) The extrusion temperature is 515-530 ℃, the extrusion speed is 2.8-3m/min, the aging system is 185 ℃ multiplied by 10h, the standard reaching rate of the product is improved on the basis of ensuring that the 6026 aluminum alloy section bar meets the mechanical standard requirement, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the 6026 aluminum alloy section bar is improved.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is illustrated by the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a 6026 aluminum alloy profile produced by the disclosed process.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the metallurgical structure of a 6026 aluminum alloy profile produced by the disclosed process.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this embodiment:
the embodiment provides a production process of a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile (with an I-shaped section as shown in figure 1), which comprises the following steps:
s1, casting: preparing alloy raw materials according to a mass ratio, wherein the ratio of Mg/Si is less than 1.73; adding the prepared alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 710-;
s2, homogenizing: placing the aluminum bar obtained by casting into a homogenizing furnace for homogenization heat treatment, and preserving heat for 8 hours at 550 ℃;
s3, extruding: feeding the homogenized aluminum bar into an extruder for extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy section, wherein the extrusion temperature is 515-530 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 2.8-3 m/min;
s4, online quenching: carrying out online quenching on the aluminum alloy section obtained by extrusion in a water-through mode, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy section before quenching is 527-546 ℃, and the temperature of the aluminum alloy section after quenching is less than or equal to 50 ℃;
s5, artificial aging: and (3) artificially aging the quenched aluminum alloy section at 185 ℃ for 10 hours.
Specifically, in step S1, the alloy raw materials are prepared according to the following alloy components and mass ratios: si: 1.18-1.2%, Mg: 0.8-0.89%, Fe: 0.21-0.22%, Cu: 0.37%, Mn: 0.75%, Cr: 0.17%, Ti: 0.06%, Zn: 0.02%, Bi: 0.66 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and the balance: and Al.
In step S1, the alloy raw material is charged in the order of high melting point first, low melting point second, high density first, and low density second. Removing impurities from the molten aluminum obtained by smelting, stirring and slagging off to remove large impurities in the molten aluminum, and stirring once every 10 minutes for 10 minutes each time. Refining the aluminum liquid after impurity removal, adding a refining agent into the aluminum liquid, blowing argon to ensure that the refining agent is fully contacted with the aluminum liquid, and standing for 10-15min, wherein the refining temperature is controlled at 740 ℃ plus 730 ℃, and the dosage of the refining agent is 1-1.5kg/t Al. Refining the aluminum liquid on line, and adding a refiner into the aluminum liquid, wherein the dosage of the refiner is 0.5-1.5 kg/tAl. And after refining, filtering the aluminum liquid by using a filter screen. And degassing the aluminum liquid by adopting a graphite rotor after filtering, taking argon as protective gas, controlling the rotating speed of the graphite rotor at 350-450r/min, controlling the temperature at 710-730 ℃, and controlling the hydrogen content in the aluminum liquid within 0.2ml/100g Al. Pouring the degassed aluminum liquid into the crystallizer, and starting casting when the aluminum liquid rises to 1/3 below the graphite ring of the crystallizer and is kept for 50-70 s.
In step S1, although the excessive Mg can improve the corrosion resistance of 6026 aluminum alloy, the excessive Mg simultaneously causes the poor strength and formability of 6026 aluminum alloy, while the excessive Si is beneficial to the improvement of the subsequent comprehensive mechanical property, and in addition, Cu element is added into the alloy to form a strengthening phase (Al)2CuMn), the strength of the alloy can also be improved; as the 6026 aluminum alloy has higher Si content than 6061 aluminum alloy and as the 6026 aluminum alloy has higher Cu content than 6082 aluminum alloy, Si in the alloy is excessive to ensure the mechanical property of the 6026 aluminum alloy, and the Mg/Si ratio is less than 1.73, and the Cu content is ensured.
In step S2, the purpose of the homogenizing heat treatment is to eliminate or reduce the segregation in the grain, improve the hot and cold deformability of the material, transform the β phase into the α phase, and simultaneously eliminate the internal stress generated when the aluminum bar is solidified, thereby improving the extrusion performance and the surface treatment performance.
The process of homogenizing the aluminum bar is a process of three complementary phases of dissolution, spheroidization and precipitation in the aluminum bar. Under the action of high temperature, unbalanced eutectic and soluble intermetallic compounds of elements with larger diffusion coefficients such as Cu, Mg, Si and the like are dissolved, so that chemical components become uniform, and intragranular segregation is eliminated; while for some metal compounds or complex equilibrium phases that are not soluble during homogenization, which are typically present in the alloy as skeletal branching structures, homogenization facilitates their transformation into dense spheroidized structures; for the difficultly soluble elements (such as Mn, Cr and the like) added for improving the mechanical property of the alloy, the difficultly soluble elements are homogenized so as to be precipitated from the solid solution in the form of secondary intermetallic compounds.
The aging process of the alloy is the decomposition and desolventization process of the supersaturated solid solution, namely the process of GP zone → transition phase → stable phase. The alloy is quenched, heated and rapidly cooled to form a supersaturated solid solution. With the increase of the aging temperature or the extension of the aging time, the GP zone larger than the critical dimension grows up to form a transition phase which keeps a coherent relationship with the parent body and effectively hinders the deformation of the metal crystal, thereby improving the strength of the alloy; when the effective temperature is continuously increased or the time is further prolonged, the transition phase is converted into the stable phase, the intensity reaches the maximum value, and finally the intensity begins to decline. In the aging state of 175 ℃ multiplied by 8h, the transition phase in the alloy is not completely converted into the stable phase, the strength does not reach the optimal value, and after the aging temperature is increased and the time is prolonged, the strength is continuously increased, so the optimal aging system of the alloy is 185 ℃ multiplied by 10 h.
The 6026 aluminum alloy thus produced was examined for grain size grade after aging at 185℃ × 10h, and as shown in fig. 2, the matrix grain size grade G was 6.5 grade without overburning. The grain size grade is used as a measure for measuring the grain size in industrial production, and the larger the grade is, the smaller the grain size is. And grading according to the standard grain size, wherein the G-6.5 grade belongs to fine grains.
Comparative example 1:
comparative example 1 differs from this example in the extrusion parameters and the mechanical properties of the aluminium alloy profiles are shown in tables 1 and 2, respectively:
table 1: mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy profile obtained by the production process of the embodiment
Table 2: mechanical property of aluminum alloy section obtained by production process according to proportion 1
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, in the comparative example 1, the extrusion temperature is lower than that of the embodiment, the extrusion speed is higher than that of the embodiment, and under the low-temperature and high-speed extrusion process of the comparative example 1, all samples of the obtained aluminum alloy section product do not meet the mechanical standard requirement, so that the standard reaching rate of the product is lower; compared with the prior art, the production process provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the yield strength of each sample is more than 358MPa, the tensile strength is more than 390MPa, the yield strength and the tensile strength exceed the standard value more, the comprehensive mechanical property is better, and the standard reaching rate of the product is greatly improved.
Comparative example 2:
comparative example 2 differs from this example in the aging schedule, comparative example 2 using the aging schedule of 175 ℃x8 h, this example using the aging schedule of 185 ℃x10 h, the mechanical properties of the aluminium alloy profile obtained by the production process of comparative example 2 are shown in table 3 (the mechanical properties of the aluminium alloy profile obtained by the production process of this example are shown in table 1):
table 3: mechanical properties of the aluminium alloy sections obtained by the production process of comparative example 2
As can be seen from Table 3, in comparative example 2, in which the aging system was 175 ℃ C.. times.8 h, the tensile strength of each sample was only slightly higher than the standard requirement, and there was instability. As shown in the comparison table 1, in the present example, the aging system of 175 ℃ x 8h is adopted, the yield strength and the tensile strength of each sample are improved, and on the basis of ensuring that the 6026 aluminum alloy section bar meets the requirements of mechanical standards, the superhard 6026 aluminum alloy section bar is obtained.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A production process of a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, casting: preparing alloy raw materials according to a mass ratio, wherein the ratio of Mg/Si is less than 1.73; adding the prepared alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 710-;
s2, homogenizing: placing the aluminum bar obtained by casting into a homogenizing furnace for homogenization heat treatment, and preserving heat for 8 hours at 550 ℃;
s3, extruding: feeding the homogenized aluminum bar into an extruder for extrusion to obtain an aluminum alloy section, wherein the extrusion temperature is 515-530 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 2.8-3 m/min;
s4, online quenching: carrying out online quenching on the aluminum alloy section obtained by extrusion in a water-through mode, wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy section before quenching is 527-546 ℃, and the temperature of the aluminum alloy section after quenching is less than or equal to 50 ℃;
s5, artificial aging: and (3) artificially aging the quenched aluminum alloy section at 185 ℃ for 10 hours.
2. A process for producing a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the alloy raw materials are prepared with the following alloy components and mass ratio: si: 1.18-1.2%, Mg: 0.8-0.89%, Fe: 0.21-0.22%, Cu: 0.37%, Mn: 0.75%, Cr: 0.17%, Ti: 0.06%, Zn: 0.02%, Bi: 0.66 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single elements, and the balance: and Al.
3. A process for producing a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the alloy raw materials are charged in the order of high melting point first, low melting point second, high density first, and low density second.
4. A process for producing a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the molten aluminum is subjected to impurity removal, large impurities in the molten aluminum are removed by stirring and slagging off, and the molten aluminum is stirred once every 10 minutes for 10 minutes.
5. A production process of a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the aluminum liquid is refined after impurity removal, a refining agent is added into the aluminum liquid, argon is blown into the aluminum liquid to ensure that the refining agent is fully contacted with the aluminum liquid, and the aluminum liquid is kept still for 10-15min, wherein the refining temperature is controlled at 730-740 ℃, and the dosage of the refining agent is 1-1.5kg/t Al.
6. A process for producing a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S1, the aluminum liquid is refined on line, and a refiner is added into the aluminum liquid, wherein the amount of the refiner is 0.5-1.5kg/t Al.
7. A process for manufacturing a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S1, the refined aluminum liquid is filtered by a filter screen.
8. The process for producing a superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S1, the graphite rotor is used to degas the aluminum liquid after filtration, argon gas is used as a protective gas, the rotation speed of the graphite rotor is controlled at 350-.
9. A superhard 6026 aluminum alloy profile production process as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step S1, degassed aluminum liquid is poured into the mold, and casting is started when the liquid rises to 1/3 below the graphite ring of the mold and is maintained for 50-70S.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112430760A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-02 | 福耀汽车铝件(福建)有限公司 | Manufacturing method of luggage rack |
| CN116445752A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-07-18 | 北京永一格国际展览有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-strength aluminum bar |
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| JP2009185388A (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2009-08-20 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | COLD FORGED PRODUCT OF Al-Mg-Si-BASED ALUMINUM ALLOY WITH EXCELLENT APPEARANCE QUALITY |
| CN104099499A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-15 | 山东裕航特种合金装备有限公司 | Manufacturing method of 6082T6 aluminum alloy profile for rescue helicopter take-off and landing platform |
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| JP2009185388A (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2009-08-20 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | COLD FORGED PRODUCT OF Al-Mg-Si-BASED ALUMINUM ALLOY WITH EXCELLENT APPEARANCE QUALITY |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112430760A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-02 | 福耀汽车铝件(福建)有限公司 | Manufacturing method of luggage rack |
| CN116445752A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-07-18 | 北京永一格国际展览有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-strength aluminum bar |
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Application publication date: 20200922 |