CN114672698A - Heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].[Zr] Chemical compound [Al].[Al].[Zr] ZGUQGPFMMTZGBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- DJPURDPSZFLWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidyneborane Chemical compound [Al]#B DJPURDPSZFLWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000542 Sc alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000946 Y alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum scandium Chemical compound [Al].[Sc] LUKDNTKUBVKBMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- ZWOQODLNWUDJFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lanthanum Chemical compound [Al].[La] ZWOQODLNWUDJFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RFEISCHXNDRNLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum yttrium Chemical compound [Al].[Y] RFEISCHXNDRNLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and a manufacturing method thereof. The heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe is less than or equal to 0.05, Si is less than or equal to 0.03%, Sc is 0.2-0.35%, Zr is 0.01-0.1%, Y is 0.3-0.5%, La is 0.01-0.05%, B is 0.001-0.01%, and Cr + Mn + V + Ti is less than or equal to 0.01%. The heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and the preparation method thereof reduce the Fe content and the Cr + Mn + V + Ti content in the alloy and add active rare earth elementsThe Y and the La are used for improving the conductivity of the alloy, so that the conductivity reaches 62% IACS and above. In addition, the added scandium element can be synergistically precipitated with the zirconium element in the alloy to form finely dispersed Al3The (Sc, Zr) phase makes the aluminum alloy have better strengthening and heat-resisting effects.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy wires, in particular to a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The overhead conductor transmission line is an energy source main artery for national economy and social development, and along with the continuous increase of power consumption demand, the load pressure of the existing transmission line is increasingly prominent. Because the land resources are more and more tense, newly-built power transmission corridors are greatly restricted, capacity-increasing transformation is carried out on the existing power transmission lines, the continuous operation temperature of the lead is increased, and the current-carrying capacity of the lead is greatly increased. The heat-resistant aluminum alloy can effectively improve the operating temperature of the wire, but the resistivity of the conventional heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire is relatively high, the electric conductivity of the common heat-resistant aluminum alloy and the super heat-resistant aluminum alloy is 60% IACS, the electric conductivity of the high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy is only 55% IACS, and the wire has a larger difference compared with a high-conductivity hard aluminum wire. Therefore, how to further improve the heat resistance and the conductivity of the aluminum alloy has important significance for improving the electric energy transmission efficiency of the overhead transmission line and achieving the energy-saving emission-reducing power-assisting double-carbon target of the power grid.
At present, the heat resistance of the alloy is mainly regulated and controlled by regulating the Zr element content in China, and the electric conductivity of the developed heat-resistant aluminum alloy is difficult to exceed 61% IACS. Patent No. CN 108559874A discloses a 62% IACS conductivity heat resistant aluminum alloy, but it has high rare earth content, difficult process control, and no conditions for industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and a manufacturing method thereof, which aim to solve the problem of improving the conductivity and heat resistance of aluminum alloy.
The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
fe is less than or equal to 0.05, Si is less than or equal to 0.03%, Sc is 0.2-0.35%, Zr is 0.01-0.1%, Y is 0.3-0.5%, La is 0.01-0.05%, B is 0.001-0.01%, and Cr + Mn + V + Ti is less than or equal to 0.01%.
Specifically, the diameter of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is 2.0-4.5 mm; the tensile strength of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is greater than or equal to 160MPa, the electric conductivity is greater than or equal to 62% IACS, and the strength residual rate of the single wire after being heated at 280 ℃ for 1 hour is greater than or equal to 90%.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a method for manufacturing a heat-resistant aluminum alloy element wire, which is used for manufacturing the above heat-resistant aluminum alloy element wire, and includes:
Step one, aluminum liquid smelting: adding an aluminum ingot, an aluminum zirconium alloy, an aluminum scandium alloy, an aluminum yttrium alloy and an aluminum lanthanum alloy into a smelting furnace for heating and melting to form an aluminum melt; the aluminum rare earth master alloy comprises an aluminum-rare earth master alloy of yttrium Y and lanthanum La; the aluminum melt comprises the following element components in percentage by mass:
fe is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, Sc is 0.2-0.35 percent, Zr is 0.01-0.1 percent, Y is 0.3-0.5 percent, La is 0.01-0.05 percent, and Cr + Mn + V + Ti is less than or equal to 0.01 percent;
step two, refining in a furnace: transferring the aluminum melt into a heat preservation furnace, adding an aluminum-boron intermediate alloy, and refining the aluminum melt by using a degassing medium;
step three, online refining: carrying out online degassing and filtering on the aluminum melt after casting is started;
step four, casting: pouring the refined aluminum melt into a wheel type crystallizer for solidification to form a casting blank;
step five, rolling: guiding the casting blank into a continuous rolling mill group for rolling to form an aluminum alloy rod material;
step six, heat treatment: carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy rod;
step seven, drawing: and drawing the aged aluminum alloy rod to form the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire.
Further, the step of processing the aluminum melt by using the degassing medium comprises the following steps: the temperature of the aluminum melt refined in the furnace is 740-750 ℃, the degassing medium comprises nitrogen and a particle refining agent, and the treatment time is 10-15 minutes.
Further, the second step further comprises: the standing temperature of the aluminum melt is 720-730 ℃, and the standing time is 30-40 minutes.
Further, the mass percentage of boron B in the aluminum melt is 0.001-0.01%.
Further, the casting temperature of the casting blank is 700-720 ℃, and the casting speed is 8-12 m/min.
Further, the heating temperature for carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy rod material is 300-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-70 h.
Further, the step of drawing the aged aluminum alloy rod comprises the following steps:
and continuously drawing the aluminum alloy rod in multiple passes at the drawing speed of 8-10 m/s, wherein the relative sliding coefficient of each pass is 1.01-1.04.
Furthermore, the mass percentage total amount of other inevitable impurity elements in the aluminum melt is less than or equal to 0.02%, and the mass percentage content of each element in the other inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005%.
The beneficial effect of this application does: according to the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and the preparation method thereof, the electric conductivity of the alloy is improved by reducing the Fe content and the Cr + Mn + V + Ti content in the alloy and adding the active rare earth elements Y and La. In addition, scandium Sc element in the alloy can generate synergistic precipitation effect with added zirconium Zr element in the high-temperature time-effect process to form fine and dispersed Al 3(Sc, Zr) phase, compared with Al in conventional heat-resistant alloy3The Zr phase has better strengthening and heat-resisting effects. Meanwhile, the total amount of the added scandium/zirconium elements is less and the scandium/zirconium elements are fully precipitated in the aging process, so thatThe conductivity of the alloy is better than that of the conventional aluminum-zirconium heat-resistant alloy. The heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire has the strength of over 160MPa, the conductivity of over 62 percent IACS, the strength residual rate of the single wire after being heated for 1 hour at 280 ℃ is more than 90 percent, and the industrial batch production can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "or/and" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail. In the following embodiments, features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for preparing the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single line includes the following steps:
step one S1, aluminum liquid smelting: adding an aluminum ingot, an aluminum zirconium alloy, an aluminum scandium alloy, an aluminum yttrium alloy and an aluminum lanthanum alloy into a smelting furnace for heating and melting.
Specifically, the purity of the aluminum ingot is more than 99.8%, and the aluminum rare earth intermediate alloy comprises an aluminum-rare earth intermediate alloy of yttrium Y and lanthanum La. Heating and melting an aluminum ingot and various alloy materials in a smelting furnace, stirring and slagging off to form an aluminum melt, sampling the aluminum melt, performing spectral analysis, and adjusting the mass percentage of alloy elements as follows:
Fe is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, Sc is 0.2-0.35 percent, Zr is 0.01-0.1 percent, Y is 0.3-0.5 percent, La is 0.01-0.05 percent, Cr + Mn + V + Ti is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, the total amount of other inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the content of each element in the other inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005 percent.
Step two S2, refining in a furnace: and (4) transferring the aluminum melt prepared in the step one into a heat preservation furnace, adding an aluminum-boron intermediate alloy into the aluminum melt, and refining the aluminum melt by using a degassing medium.
Specifically, an aluminum-boron intermediate alloy is added into an aluminum melt and fully stirred, the mass percentage of boron B in the aluminum melt is 0.001-0.01%, and the influence of impurity elements such as Cr, V, Ti and the like on the conductivity of the alloy can be reduced through boronization. And then adjusting the temperature of the aluminum melt to 740-750 ℃, and treating the aluminum melt in the heat preservation furnace by taking high-purity nitrogen and a particle refining agent as degassing media to reduce the hydrogen content in the aluminum melt, wherein the treatment time is 10-15 minutes. After degassing and refining in the furnace, the hydrogen content of the aluminum melt is less than or equal to 0.3ml/100 g. And then adjusting the temperature of the aluminum melt to 720-730 ℃, and standing for 30-40 minutes.
Step three S3, online refining: and (3) carrying out online degassing and filtering on the aluminum melt after casting is started.
The purity of the aluminum melt refined in the furnace is further improved through online refining, and the online refining process comprises two parts of online degassing and filtering impurity removal. In the embodiment of the application, the aluminum melt refined in the furnace is degassed through online degassing equipment, the online degassing equipment adopts a rotary blowing degassing box, high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium, the rotating speed of a nozzle of the degassing box is 400-500 r/min, and the hydrogen content in the treated melt is less than or equal to 0.12ml/100 g. And the double-stage foamed ceramic filter plate is adopted for filtering the aluminum melt after degassing treatment in the online filtering manner, so that impurities in the aluminum melt are further removed, and the purity of the aluminum melt is improved. In the examples of the present application, the dual stage filter plate porosity is 30/50 PPI. In other embodiments, the filter plate can also be replaced by other filter devices, and the requirement for impurity treatment can be met, which is not limited in the application.
Step four S4, casting: and pouring the refined aluminum melt into a wheel type crystallizer for solidification treatment to form a casting blank.
Specifically, the embodiment of the application adopts the wheel type crystallizer to perform continuous casting of a casting blank, the aluminum melt can continuously form the casting blank during the operation of the wheel type crystallizer, and the sectional area of the casting blank is 2400mm 2The casting temperature of the aluminum melt is 700-720 ℃, the casting speed is 8-12 m/min, the temperature of cooling water is 15-40 ℃, and the pressure of the cooling water is 0.35-0.5 MPa.
Step five S5, rolling: and guiding the casting blank into a continuous rolling mill group for rolling to form the aluminum alloy rod material.
Specifically, after the casting blank is output from the wheel type crystallizer, the head part of the casting blank is cut off to be about 10 m in length, then the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling unit through an introduction device, the rolling temperature is controlled to be 490-510 ℃, and an aluminum alloy rod material with the diameter of about 9.5mm is obtained after rolling. In this application, the continuous rolling mill train is a 15-stand three-high mill. In other embodiments, the three-high mill may be replaced by a two-high mill, and the number of the mill sets may be more or less than 15, so as to meet the rolling requirement, which is not limited in the present application. The aluminum alloy rod is cooled by the online water cooling device, and the cooled aluminum alloy rod is wound by the automatic winding device.
Step six S6, heat treatment: and (4) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy rod material.
Specifically, the heating temperature for carrying out aging treatment on the alloy rod material is 300-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-70 h. By optimizing the heating temperature and the heat preservation time of the aging treatment, Sc and Zr elements which are dissolved in the alloy rod material can be fully precipitated from the matrix to form fine Al which is distributed in a dispersion way 3The (Sc, Zr) phase effectively pins dislocation and subgrain boundary, strengthens the alloy and greatly improves the recrystallization temperature, thereby improving the quality of the alloyThe conductivity and the heat resistance of the alloy wire are improved.
Step seven S7, drawing: and drawing the aged alloy rod to form the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire.
Specifically, the aged alloy rod material is continuously drawn on a sliding type wire drawing machine for multiple times to form a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single-wire product. The diameter of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire after drawing is 2.0-4.5 mm. The drawing die adopts a tungsten steel die, the drawing speed is 8-10 m/s, and the relative sliding coefficient of each pass is 1.01-1.04. In one embodiment of the application, the diameter size precision of the final drawing can be controlled to be less than +/-0.02 mm, so that the manufacturing precision of the heat-resisting aluminum alloy single wire is controlled within a design range to meet the product design standard.
In one embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a heat-resistant aluminum alloy single line prepared by the above preparation method, which comprises the following element components in percentage by mass:
fe is less than or equal to 0.05, Si is less than or equal to 0.03%, Sc is 0.2-0.35%, Zr is 0.01-0.1%, Y is 0.3-0.5%, La is 0.01-0.05%, B is 0.001-0.01%, Cr + Mn + V + Ti is less than or equal to 0.01%, and the balance is Al and inevitable other impurity elements; the total amount of the other impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.02 percent. Wherein the content of each element in the inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and Y, La is added in the form of aluminum-rare earth master alloy.
The characteristics and properties of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and the method for producing the same of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Preparation method of heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire in example 1, the steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum ingot with the purity of more than 99.8 percent, an aluminum zirconium alloy, an aluminum scandium alloy and an aluminum rare earth intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, stirring and slagging off, sampling and carrying out spectral analysis, and controlling the components of the melt to be in a required range.
Step two: transferring the aluminum liquid to a tilting type heat preservation furnace, adding the aluminum-boron intermediate alloy, and fully stirring. Adjusting the temperature of the melt to 745 ℃, using high-purity nitrogen and a particle refining agent to carry out degassing, deslagging and refining on the melt in the furnace for 15 minutes, and then thoroughly skimming the scum on the surface of the aluminum melt. The temperature was adjusted to 720 ℃ and left for 40 minutes.
Step three: and (3) after the casting is started, carrying out online degassing and filtering treatment on the melt, wherein the online degassing adopts a rotary blowing degassing box, and the hydrogen content of the treated melt is 0.11ml/100 g. The on-line filtration uses a double-stage foamed ceramic filter plate with porosity of 30/50 PPI.
Step four: the continuous casting is carried out by adopting a wheel type crystallizer, the sectional area of a casting blank is 2400mm2, the casting temperature is 710 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, the cooling water temperature is 20 ℃, and the cooling water pressure is 0.37 MPa.
Step five: and (3) feeding the casting blank into a continuous rolling mill set through a guide-in device, rolling at the temperature of 505 ℃, obtaining an aluminum alloy rod material with the diameter of 9.5mm after rolling, and automatically retracting the aluminum alloy rod material after online cooling.
Step six: aging the alloy rod material, heating to 400 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 70h to ensure that solid-dissolved Sc and Zr elements are fully precipitated from the matrix to generate Al with fine dispersion distribution3(Sc, Zr) phase.
Step seven: and drawing the aged alloy rod on a sliding type wire drawing machine, wherein the diameter of the alloy monofilament after drawing is 3.5 mm.
Through analysis and detection, the aluminum alloy in the embodiment comprises the following components: 0.04% of Fe, 0.02% of Si, 0.22% of Sc, 0.08% of Zr, 0.42% of Y, 0.015% of La, 0.007% of B, 0.008% of Cr + Mn + V + Ti, and the balance of Al and inevitable other impurity elements, wherein the content of each element in the inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005%, the strength of the obtained monofilament is 178MPa, the conductivity is 62.17% of IACS, and the strength residual rate after heating at 280 ℃ for 1 hour is 92%.
Example 2
Preparation method of heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire in example 2, the steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum ingot, an aluminum zirconium alloy, an aluminum scandium alloy and an aluminum rare earth intermediate alloy with the purity of more than 99.8 percent into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, stirring and slagging off, fully and uniformly stirring molten aluminum, sampling and carrying out spectral analysis, and controlling the components of a melt to be in a required range.
Step two: transferring the aluminum liquid to a tilting type heat preservation furnace, adding the aluminum-boron intermediate alloy, and fully stirring. Adjusting the temperature of the melt to 740 ℃, using high-purity nitrogen and a particle refining agent to carry out degassing, deslagging and refining on the melt in the furnace for 15 minutes, and then thoroughly skimming the scum on the surface of the aluminum melt. The temperature was adjusted to 720 ℃ and left for 40 minutes.
Step three: and (3) after the casting is started, carrying out online degassing and filtering treatment on the melt, wherein the online degassing adopts a rotary blowing degassing box, and the hydrogen content of the treated melt is 0.12ml/100 g. The in-line filtration used a two-stage ceramic foam filter plate with a porosity of 30/50 PPI.
Step four: adopting a wheel type crystallizer to carry out continuous casting, wherein the sectional area of a casting blank is 2400mm2The casting temperature is 713 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, the cooling water temperature is 25 ℃, and the cooling water pressure is 0.35 MPa.
Step five: and (3) feeding the casting blank into a continuous rolling mill set through a guide-in device, rolling at the temperature of 500 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy rod material with the diameter of 9.5mm, and automatically collecting the rod after online cooling.
Step six: aging treatment is carried out on the alloy rod material, the heating temperature is 430 ℃, the heat preservation time is 60 hours, the solid-dissolved Sc and Zr elements are promoted to be fully precipitated from the matrix, and Al with fine dispersion distribution is generated 3(Sc, Zr) phase.
Step seven: and drawing the aged alloy rod on a sliding wire drawing machine, wherein the diameter of the alloy monofilament after drawing is 3.5 mm.
Through analysis and detection, the aluminum alloy in the embodiment comprises the following components: 0.04% of Fe, 0.03% of Si, 0.24% of Sc, 0.07% of Zr, 0.35% of Y, 0.012% of La, 0.004% of B, 0.01% of Cr + Mn + V + Ti, and the balance of Al and inevitable other impurity elements, wherein the content of each element in the inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005%, the strength of the obtained monofilament is 172MPa, the conductivity is 62.05% IACS, and the strength residual rate is 91% after heating at 280 ℃ for 1 hour.
Comparative example 1
The method comprises the following steps: adding aluminum ingots, aluminum-zirconium alloys and aluminum-rare earth alloys with the purity of more than 99.7 percent into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, stirring and slagging off, and sampling for spectral analysis.
Step two: and transferring the molten aluminum to a tilting type heat preservation furnace, and starting an electromagnetic stirring device at the bottom of the furnace to fully stir the melt. Adjusting the temperature of the melt to 740 ℃, and performing powder spraying refining on the melt in the furnace.
Step three: after the casting is started, carrying out online degassing and filtering treatment on the melt, wherein the online degassing adopts a rotary blowing degassing box, and high-purity nitrogen is used as a degassing medium; the on-line filtration uses a double stage ceramic foam filter plate with a porosity of 30/50 PPI.
Step four: adopting a wheel type crystallizer to carry out continuous casting, wherein the sectional area of a casting blank is 2400mm2The casting temperature is 710 ℃, the casting speed is 10m/min, the cooling water temperature is 25 ℃, and the cooling water pressure is 0.35 MPa.
Step five: and (3) after the casting blank comes out of the crystallization wheel, the casting blank is sent into a continuous rolling mill set through a guiding device, the rolling temperature is 500 ℃, an aluminum alloy rod material with the diameter of 9.5mm is obtained after rolling, and the rod is automatically retracted after online cooling.
Step six: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the alloy rod material, wherein the heating temperature is 420 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60 hours.
Step seven: and drawing the aged alloy rod on a sliding type wire drawing machine, wherein the diameter of the alloy monofilament after drawing is 3.5 mm.
Through analysis and detection, the components of the aluminum alloy in the comparative example are as follows: 0.15% of Fe, 0.05% of Si, 0.31% of Zr, 0.28% of Y, 0.012% of La, 0.018% of Cr + Mn + V + Ti, and the balance of Al and inevitable other impurity elements, and the obtained monofilament has a strength of 181MPa, an electric conductivity of 60.92% IACS, and a strength residual rate of 92% after heating at 280 ℃ for 1 hour.
Comparing the analysis and detection results of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the comparative example 1, it can be proved that the addition of the Sc element effectively improves the conductivity of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single line.
According to the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire and the preparation method thereof, the electric conductivity of the alloy is improved by reducing the Fe content and the Cr + Mn + V + Ti content in the alloy and adding the active rare earth elements Y and La. In addition, scandium Sc element in the alloy is at high temperature Can generate a synergistic precipitation effect with the added Zr element in the aging process to form fine and dispersed Al3(Sc, Zr) phase, compared with Al in conventional heat-resistant alloy3The Zr phase has better strengthening and heat-resisting effects. Meanwhile, the added scandium/zirconium element has less total amount and is fully precipitated in the aging process, so that the conductivity of the alloy is better than that of the conventional aluminum-zirconium heat-resistant alloy. The heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire has the strength of over 160MPa, the conductivity of over 62 percent IACS, the strength residual rate of the single wire after being heated for 1 hour at 280 ℃ is more than 90 percent, and the industrial batch production can be realized.
Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
fe is less than or equal to 0.05, Si is less than or equal to 0.03%, Sc is 0.2-0.35%, Zr is 0.01-0.1%, Y is 0.3-0.5%, La is 0.01-0.05%, B is 0.001-0.01%, and Cr + Mn + V + Ti is less than or equal to 0.01%.
2. The heat-resistant aluminum alloy element wire as recited in claim 1, wherein:
the diameter of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is 2.0-4.5 mm;
the tensile strength of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire is greater than or equal to 160MPa, the electric conductivity is greater than or equal to 62% IACS, and the strength residual rate of the single wire after being heated at 280 ℃ for 1 hour is greater than or equal to 90%.
3. A method for producing a heat-resistant aluminum alloy element wire as recited in any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising:
step one, aluminum liquid smelting: adding an aluminum ingot, an aluminum zirconium alloy, an aluminum scandium alloy, an aluminum yttrium alloy and an aluminum lanthanum alloy into a smelting furnace for heating and melting to form an aluminum melt;
step two, refining in a furnace: transferring the aluminum melt into a heat preservation furnace, adding an aluminum-boron intermediate alloy, and refining the aluminum melt by using a degassing medium;
step three, online refining: carrying out online degassing and filtering on the aluminum melt after casting is started;
step four, casting: pouring the refined aluminum melt into a wheel type crystallizer for solidification to form a casting blank;
step five, rolling: guiding the casting blank into a continuous rolling mill group for rolling to form an aluminum alloy rod material;
step six, heat treatment: carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy rod;
Step seven, drawing: and drawing the aged aluminum alloy rod to form the heat-resistant aluminum alloy single wire.
4. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the step of refining the aluminum melt by using the degassing medium comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the temperature of the aluminum melt refined in the furnace to be 740-750 ℃, wherein the degassing medium comprises nitrogen and a particle refining agent, and the treatment time is 10-15 minutes.
5. The manufacturing method according to claim 4, characterized in that:
the second step further comprises:
standing the aluminum melt; the standing temperature of the aluminum melt is 720-730 ℃, and the standing time is 30-40 minutes.
6. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the casting speed of the casting blank is 8-12 m/min.
7. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the heating temperature for carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy rod is 300-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-70 h.
8. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the step of drawing the aged aluminum alloy rod comprises the following steps:
and continuously drawing the aluminum alloy rod in multiple passes at the drawing speed of 8-10 m/s, wherein the relative sliding coefficient of each pass is 1.01-1.04.
9. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
in the aluminum melt, the mass percentage total amount of other inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.02%, and the mass percentage content of each element in the other inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.005%.
10. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the aluminum melt comprises the following element components in percentage by mass:
fe is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, Sc is 0.2-0.35 percent, Zr is 0.01-0.1 percent, Y is 0.3-0.5 percent, La is 0.01-0.05 percent, and Cr + Mn + V + Ti is less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
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| CN115595474A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-13 | 无锡华能电缆有限公司（Cn） | Super heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor, preparation method thereof and steel-cored super heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire |
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| CN102758107A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-31 | 上海交通大学 | Heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor with high strength and high conductivity and preparation method thereof |
| CN106893899A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-27 | 河北欣意电缆有限公司 | A kind of built on stilts heat resistant aluminum alloy conductor material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102758107A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-31 | 上海交通大学 | Heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor with high strength and high conductivity and preparation method thereof |
| CN106893899A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-27 | 河北欣意电缆有限公司 | A kind of built on stilts heat resistant aluminum alloy conductor material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115595474A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-13 | 无锡华能电缆有限公司（Cn） | Super heat-resistant aluminum alloy conductor, preparation method thereof and steel-cored super heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire |
| CN115595474B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-08-25 | 无锡华能电缆有限公司 | Special heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire, preparation method thereof and steel core special heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wire |
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