CN115466886A - 6082 aluminum alloy section and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
6082 aluminum alloy section and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115466886A CN115466886A CN202211082608.4A CN202211082608A CN115466886A CN 115466886 A CN115466886 A CN 115466886A CN 202211082608 A CN202211082608 A CN 202211082608A CN 115466886 A CN115466886 A CN 115466886A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 6082 aluminum alloy section and a preparation method thereof, wherein the 6082 aluminum alloy section comprises an aluminum alloy matrix, and the aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following components in parts by mass: si:1.07-1.15%, fe:0.2-0.4%, cu 0.04-0.06%, mn:0.56-0.65%, mg:0.89-1.0%, cr:0.018 to 0.04%, zn:0.05-0.15%, ti:0.03 to 0.06%, zr:0.17-0.19%, la:0.02-0.04%, re:0.05-0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The beneficial effects are that: rare earth elements La and Re are added into the aluminum alloy to refine aluminum alloy grains, and after the grains are refined, intercrystalline spaces become small, so that the performance of the aluminum material can be improved. And the secondary crystal spacing is reduced, gas and impurities in the alloy are reduced, the impurity phase tends to be spheroidized, the fluidity is increased, the casting ingot is facilitated, and the mechanical property of the 6082 aluminum alloy is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a 6082 aluminum alloy section and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, according to the final use of materials, aluminum alloy extruded sections have many different requirements, such as higher mechanical properties, excellent machining properties, better material ductility, good surface quality and the like. Therefore, research materials can finally meet the higher and higher use requirements of customers, and become an important subject of the research on the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy.
The existing aluminum alloy products are mainly 6082 aluminum alloy, and the 6082 aluminum alloy has high production efficiency, but has the defects of low mechanical property, low strength, poor compactness of internal tissues and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 6082 aluminum alloy section and a preparation method thereof, wherein rare earth elements La and Re are added into an aluminum alloy to refine aluminum alloy grains, and after the grains are refined, intercrystalline spaces become small, so that the performance of the aluminum material can be improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a6082 aluminum alloy section comprises an aluminum alloy base body, wherein the aluminum alloy base body comprises the following components in parts by mass: si:1.07-1.15%, fe:0.2-0.4%, cu 0.04-0.06%, mn:0.56-0.65%, mg:0.89-1.0%, cr:0.018 to 0.04%, zn:0.05-0.15%, ti:0.03 to 0.06%, zr:0.17-0.19%, la:0.02-0.04%, re:0.05-0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the mass fraction of Zr and Ti satisfies the following relational expression: wzr + wti are more than 0.20 and less than 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
A preparation method of a 6082 aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 350-565 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12-24h, and cooling water mist to room temperature after the heat treatment is finished;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 518-538 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 9-13m/min;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 170-200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24h.
Further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700-770 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10-22 min, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier when the temperature of molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each refining time is 20min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: rare earth elements La and Re are added into the aluminum alloy to refine aluminum alloy grains, and after the grains are refined, intercrystalline becomes small, so that the performance of the aluminum material can be improved. And the secondary crystal spacing is reduced, gas and impurities in the alloy are reduced, the impurity phase tends to be spheroidized, the fluidity is increased, the casting ingot forming is facilitated, and the mechanical property of the 6082 aluminum alloy is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a 6082 aluminum alloy profile and a preparation method are provided.
The 6082 aluminum alloy profile and the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise an aluminum alloy matrix, wherein the aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following components in parts by mass: si:1.07-1.15%, fe:0.2-0.4%, cu 0.04-0.06%, mn:0.56-0.65%, mg:0.89-1.0%, cr:0.018 to 0.04%, zn:0.05-0.15%, ti:0.03 to 0.06%, zr:0.17-0.19%, la:0.02-0.04%, re:0.05-0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Example 1: a6082 aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.07%, fe:0.2%, cu 0.04%, mn:0.56%, mg:0.89%, cr:0.018%, zn:0.05%, ti:0.03%, zr:0.17%, la:0.02%, re:0.05%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the mass fraction of Zr and Ti satisfies the following relational expression: 0.20 < wzr + wti < 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
Further, the preparation method of the 6082 aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 350 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12h, and cooling to room temperature by water mist after the heat treatment is finished;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: and (3) extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 518 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 9m/min;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 170-200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24h.
Further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10min, when the temperature of the molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 20min.
Example 2: a6082 aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.15%, fe:0.4%, cu 0.06%, mn:0.65%, mg:1.0%, cr:0.04%, zn:0.15%, ti:0.06%, zr:0.19%, la:0.04%, re:0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the mass fraction of Zr and Ti satisfies the following relational expression: 0.20 < wzr + wti < 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
Further, the preparation method of the 6082 aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 565 ℃ at the heating speed of 20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 24h, and cooling water mist to room temperature after the heat treatment is finished;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 538 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 13m/min;
s5: and (3) aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24h.
Further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 770 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 22min, when the temperature of the molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 20min.
Example 3: a6082 aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.11%, fe:0.3%, cu 0.05%, mn:0.605%, mg:0.95%, cr:0.029%, zn:0.1%, ti:0.045%, zr:0.18%, la:0.03%, re:0.065%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the mass fraction of Zr and Ti satisfies the following relational expression: wzr + wti are more than 0.20 and less than 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
Further, the preparation method of the 6082 aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 457 ℃ at the heating speed of 15 ℃/min, preserving heat for 18h, and cooling to room temperature in water mist after the completion;
s3: machining: sawing and turning the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3 to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: and (3) extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 528 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 11m/min;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 185 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24h.
And further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 735 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, stirring is carried out for 16min, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier when the temperature of molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then, the La and Re which are proportioned are added for carrying out refining for three times, wherein each refining time is 20min.
Example 4: a6082 aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.07%, fe:0.2%, cu 0.04%, mn:0.56%, mg:0.89%, cr:0.018%, zn:0.05%, ti:0.03%, zr:0.17%, la:0.02% and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the mass fraction of Zr and Ti satisfies the following relational expression: wzr + wti are more than 0.20 and less than 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
Further, the preparation method of the 6082 aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 350 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12h, and cooling to room temperature by water mist after the heat treatment is finished;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 518 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 170-200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24h.
Further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10min, when the temperature of the molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 20min.
Example 5: a6082 aluminum alloy section is prepared by weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.07%, fe:0.2%, cu 0.04%, mn:0.56%, mg:0.89%, cr:0.018%, zn:0.05%, ti:0.03%, zr:0.17%, re:0.05%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
Further, the mass fraction of Zr and Ti satisfies the following relational expression: 0.20 < wzr + wti < 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
Further, the preparation method of the 6082 aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 350 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12h, and cooling to room temperature by water mist after the heat treatment is finished;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 518 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 170-200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24h.
Further: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10min, when the temperature of the molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 20min.
The 6082 aluminum alloy section casting (the wall thickness is less than or equal to 5 mm) of the embodiments 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 4 to 5 of the invention has the following performance test results:
as can be seen from the table, the 6082 aluminum alloy section castings obtained by the processing technology of the examples 1 to 3 have good tensile strength, yield strength and elongation, while the comparative examples 4 to 5 have poor tensile strength, yield strength and elongation.
The 6082 aluminum alloy section casting (with the wall thickness of 5-25 mm) of the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 4-5 of the invention has the following performance test results:
as can be seen from the table, the 6082 aluminum alloy section castings obtained by the processing technology of the examples 1 to 3 have good tensile strength, yield strength and elongation, while the comparative examples 4 to 5 have poor tensile strength, yield strength and elongation.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The 6082 aluminum alloy section is characterized by comprising an aluminum alloy matrix, wherein the aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following components in parts by mass: si:1.07-1.15%, fe:0.2-0.4%, cu 0.04-0.06%, mn:0.56-0.65%, mg:0.89-1.0%, cr:0.018 to 0.04%, zn:0.05-0.15%, ti:0.03 to 0.06%, zr:0.17-0.19%, la:0.02-0.04%, re:0.05-0.08%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. The 6082 aluminum alloy profile of claim 1, wherein a mass fraction between Zr and Ti satisfies the following relationship: wzr + wti are more than 0.20 and less than 0.25, wherein wzr and wti are the mass fractions of Zr and Ti respectively.
3. A method of making a 6082 aluminium alloy profile according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized by the steps of:
s1: casting: the raw materials are proportioned and subjected to fusion casting refining;
s2: carrying out high-temperature homogenization treatment on the as-cast aluminum alloy prepared in the step S1 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 350-565 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12-24h, and cooling water mist to room temperature after the heat treatment is finished;
s3: machining: sawing the aluminum alloy ingot obtained in the step S3, and turning the aluminum alloy ingot to a proper size to obtain a cast rod for later use;
s4: and (3) extrusion deformation: carrying out hot extrusion deformation on the cast rod obtained in the step S4, and carrying out hot extrusion on the cast ingot, wherein the extrusion temperature is 518-538 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 9-13m/min;
s5: aging treatment: and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy obtained in the step (S4) in a heat treatment furnace, wherein the aging temperature is 170-200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24h.
4. A method of making a 7020 ultra-hard aluminium alloy profile according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S1, al, si, fe, cu, mn, mg, cr, zn, ti and Zr which are proportioned are sequentially put into a smelting furnace for smelting, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 700-770 ℃, when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, a covering agent is added into the smelting furnace for covering, the mixture is stirred for 10-22 min, when the temperature of molten aluminum reaches 750 +/-10 ℃, high-purity nitrogen is used as a carrier, a refining agent is introduced into a melt in the smelting furnace for refining, and then the La and Re which are proportioned are added for refining for three times, wherein each time, the refining time is 20min.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103031473A (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2013-04-10 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Processing method of high-toughness Al-Si system die-casting aluminum alloy |
| CN114250387A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-03-29 | 广东坚美铝型材厂（集团）有限公司 | Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103031473A (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2013-04-10 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Processing method of high-toughness Al-Si system die-casting aluminum alloy |
| CN114250387A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-03-29 | 广东坚美铝型材厂（集团）有限公司 | Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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