CN115141947A - 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot with high-proportion added waste materials, preparation method thereof and aluminum material - Google Patents
5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot with high-proportion added waste materials, preparation method thereof and aluminum material Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/116—Refining the metal
- B22D11/119—Refining the metal by filtering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a 5000-series aluminum alloy slab ingot with high-proportion added waste materials, a preparation method thereof and an aluminum material, wherein the raw materials for preparing the slab ingot comprise pure aluminum waste materials, other pure metal ingots except pure aluminum and intermediate alloy, the pure aluminum waste materials contain 60 to 100 percent of waste materials and 0 to 40 percent of pure aluminum materials, the waste materials consist of 1, 2 and 3 grade waste materials according to a certain proportion requirement, and then, the low-temperature pretreatment process is used for removing the attached impurities such as oil stains, paint and the like on the surface of the waste materials; in the casting process, refining is carried out twice, so that the purity of the melt is improved, the quality of a slab ingot is ensured, the Ti content in the melt is controlled to be less than or equal to 80% of the target Ti content, and an Al-Ti-B refiner can be added on line; the metal structure characteristics of the 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingot with high-proportion added waste materials are similar to the microstructure of 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingot produced by 100% pure aluminum ingot. The aluminum plate prepared by 5000 series aluminum alloy flat is produced by adding waste materials in a high proportion, and the requirements of the anode oxidation material on mechanical property and anode oxidation property are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy material processing, in particular to a 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot with high-proportion added waste materials, a preparation method thereof and an aluminum material.
Background
5000 series aluminum alloy for anodic oxidation is widely used for 3C anodic oxidation products such as notebook computer shells, loudspeaker box shells and the like at present, and the production process comprises the following steps: smelting → casting → homogenizing → hot rolling → cold rolling → intermediate annealing → cold rolling → finished product annealing → shaping → anodic oxidation. The final product has certain requirements on the anodic oxidation performance of the surface. Due to the genetic characteristic of the aluminum alloy material, the microstructure and defects of the slab ingot can be inherited to subsequent procedures until the finished product, such as large-size looseness of the slab ingot, air holes and oxide skin which are difficult to weld in the rolling process can seriously affect the surface quality and mechanical property of the finished product; the large-size second phase of the slab ingot, such as impurity phases containing Fe, si and the like, blackens an oxide film or influences the continuity of the oxide film in the anodic oxidation process, and seriously influences the quality of the anodic oxide film. Therefore, the quality of the slab is closely related to the quality of the final product.
At present, in order to realize the recycling of the recovered waste aluminum and further reduce the production cost, enterprises at home and abroad can add a certain proportion of waste materials, generally grade 1 waste materials, when producing 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingots. Because the 2-grade and 3-grade waste materials have the problems of more impurities and oil stains, wide sources, complex components and excessive partial elements (such as Ti, fe and the like), the addition of the waste materials can cause the adverse effects of excessive elements in the slab ingot, obvious increase of the number and the size of defects, impurity phases and large-size second phases and the like. Because the requirements of 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingots for the anodic oxidation materials on defects and second phases are stricter, enterprises generally do not add 1-grade waste or only add less than 30 percent of 1-grade waste, and generally do not add 3-grade waste when producing 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingots for the anodic oxidation. This increases the production cost, seriously affects the price of 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingots, and obviously reduces the competitive advantage of the 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingots in the anodic oxidation products. Currently, only apple company has proposed the use of waste aluminum for the production of aesthetic aluminum alloy products (CN 112553513A, CN 113802031A), but only the composition is limited.
Therefore, it is required to develop 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingots for anodic oxidation with high proportion of added waste materials and a preparation method thereof, which can reduce the production cost of the 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingots and ensure the production quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingot with high-proportion added waste materials, a preparation method thereof and an aluminum material, wherein the microstructure and the mechanical property of the 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingot with high-proportion added waste materials are equivalent to those of a 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingot produced by using 100% pure aluminum through the control of links such as material preparation, pretreatment, fusion casting and the like, and after the subsequent homogenization → hot rolling → cold rolling → intermediate annealing → cold rolling → finished product annealing → forming processing, the finished product aluminum plate meets the requirements of an anode oxidation material on the mechanical property and the anode oxidation property.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that:
a preparation method of 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingots with high-proportion added waste materials comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials: the selected raw materials comprise pure aluminum waste, other pure metal ingots except pure aluminum and intermediate alloy, wherein the pure aluminum waste contains waste and pure aluminum materials, and the mass of the waste accounts for 60-100% of the total mass of the pure aluminum waste;
s2, pretreatment: putting the raw materials into a smelting furnace for low-temperature pretreatment, wherein the low-temperature pretreatment temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the heating time is 0.5-1.5 h;
s3, smelting: putting the raw materials subjected to low-temperature pretreatment into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain an alloy melt;
s4, adding a refiner on line: adding an Al-Ti-B wire refiner into the alloy melt on line, wherein the addition amount of the refiner is determined by the difference between the target addition amount and the last component test result in the step S3;
s5, online degassing: performing online degassing treatment on the alloy melt treated in the step S4 by using a double-rotor degassing machine, wherein Ar gas is adopted;
s6, online filtering: performing two-stage filtration on the alloy melt subjected to online degassing, wherein the specification of a first-stage filter plate is 40-50 meshes, and the specification of a second-stage filter plate is 50-60 meshes;
s7, casting: casting the alloy melt after on-line filtration to obtain the aluminum alloy slab ingot, wherein the total content of Si and Fe in the aluminum alloy slab ingot is 0.25-0.5 wt%, and the content of Ti is 0.0005-0.003 wt%.
Further, in step S1, the selected scrap includes grade 1 scrap, grade 2 scrap and grade 3 scrap.
Furthermore, in the pure aluminum waste, the content of the grade 1 waste and the pure aluminum material is not less than 20% of the total amount of the pure aluminum waste, the content of the grade 3 waste is not more than 15% of the total amount of the pure aluminum waste, and the balance is grade 2 waste.
Further, in step S3, the smelting specifically includes: melting, primary refining, primary degassing, primary slagging-off, primary standing, component testing, furnace reversing, component adjusting, secondary refining, secondary degassing, secondary slagging-off and secondary standing.
Further, in step S3, the Ti content in the composition test should be less than or equal to 80% of the target Ti content.
Further, in step S7, the casting temperature is 700-710 ℃, the casting speed is 45-53 mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 45-54 m 3 /h。
A5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot with high-proportion added waste materials is obtained by the preparation method.
Further, the average size of Fe phase in the slab ingot is less than or equal to 13.5um; the pinhole degree is 1 grade, and the maximum size of the defect is less than or equal to 120um; the average size of crystal grains is less than or equal to 80um.
An aluminum plate is obtained by subjecting the aluminum alloy slab to homogenization, hot rolling, cold rolling, intermediate annealing, cold rolling, and finish annealing in this order.
Furthermore, the yield strength of the aluminum plate is more than or equal to 175MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 250MPa, and the color difference delta E of the finished anodic oxide film is less than or equal to 0.5.
The invention provides a 5000-series aluminum alloy flat ingot with high-proportion added waste, which is characterized in that the contents of Si, fe and Ti are controlled, wherein the total content of Si and Fe is 0.25-0.5 wt%, and the content of Ti is 0.0005-0.003 wt%, and the main purpose is to prevent the Si, fe and Ti from being excessively high and form coarse second phases in the flat ingot, the second phases are difficult to dissolve in a matrix in a subsequent process and can be inherited to a finished product, the second phases are generally represented as crushed granular Si, fe and Ti phases in a finished plate, and the phases cannot participate in anodic oxidation, so that an oxide film is blackened or darkened, the continuity of the oxide film is damaged, and the anodic oxidation performance is seriously influenced.
The main purpose of controlling the consumption of the 3-grade waste in the batching procedure is to control the contents of Si, fe and other heavy metals which are difficult to remove and prevent the components of the slab ingot from exceeding the standard; the main purpose of controlling the amount of grade 1 scrap is to control slab quality.
The pretreatment process is one of key processes for producing high-proportion added waste materials, and the main purpose of the pretreatment process is to remove oil stains, paint and other attachments on the surface of the waste materials through low-temperature heat preservation, prevent impurities from being brought into a melt, improve the purity of the flat ingot melt, effectively reduce the defects of oxides, looseness, air holes and the like in the flat ingot tissue, and be an important ring for ensuring the surface quality and the mechanical property of a finished plate.
A primary refining process (namely secondary refining) is added in the smelting furnace, and a large amount of impurities and oxides carried in the 3-grade waste and the 2-grade waste can be effectively removed by the process, so that the purity of the melt is improved. An important purpose of the smelting process and the online refiner adding process is to control the Ti content, the Ti content tested by components in the smelting process is less than or equal to 80% of the target Ti content, because the refining effect of Ti existing in a melt on a slab ingot structure is very small, and the online Al-Ti-B wire refiner has a remarkable refining effect on the slab ingot structure, if the Ti content of the melt exceeds 80% of the target Ti content before the refiner is added, in order to ensure that the components of a final product are qualified, the online added Al-Ti-B wires are very few or even no, so that the alpha-Al nucleation mass point in the casting process can be seriously influenced, the slab ingot crystal grain is larger, and the control of the Ti content is the key for ensuring the quality of the slab ingot.
The online filtering process adopts double-stage filtering, and mainly aims to improve the purity of the melt and reduce the risk of impurities in the waste entering the slab ingot, wherein the higher the specification of the filtering plate is, the purer the melt is, the fewer the defects and impurity phases in the slab ingot structure are, and the better the quality and performance of the finished plate are.
The casting temperature of the casting process is 700-710 ℃, the casting speed is 45-53 mm/min, the stable operation of the slab ingot casting process is facilitated, the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 45-54 m & lt 3 & gt/h, and the rapid cooling of the surface of the slab ingot and the fine structure can be ensured.
The invention provides a 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingot using high proportion added waste material and a preparation method thereof, compared with the prior art, the 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingot produced by the method uses the waste material accounting for more than or equal to 60 percent, and creatively solves the problems of large organization and defects in the production process of the waste material through the control of the preparation process, and the beneficial effects are embodied in the following aspects:
(1) The 5000 series aluminum alloy flat ingot uses 3-grade waste and a large amount of 2-grade waste, the influence of oil stains on the surfaces of the 3-grade waste and the 2-grade waste is removed through a pretreatment process, one-step refining is added in a smelting furnace, impurities and oxides carried in the large amount of waste are removed, the mechanical property of the high-proportion waste adding flat ingot is equivalent to that of a 100% pure aluminum flat ingot, and through subsequent processing, the mechanical property and the anodic oxidation property of a high-proportion waste adding finished aluminum plate are equivalent to those of the 100% pure aluminum flat ingot.
(2) The 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot is prepared by adding waste materials in a high proportion, is simple and convenient to operate, does not have special requirements on equipment and equipment, is favorable for reducing the production cost, and effectively solves the problem of waste aluminum recovery.
(3) The 5000-series alloy flat ingot for anodic oxidation, which is produced by adding waste materials in a high proportion, provided by the invention, has the average Fe-containing phase size of less than or equal to 13.5um, the pinhole degree of 1 grade, the maximum defect size of less than or equal to 120um and the average crystal grain size of less than or equal to 80um, and is subjected to the following processes: homogenizing, hot rolling, cold rolling, intermediate annealing, cold rolling and finished product annealing treatment, wherein the yield strength of the finished product plate is more than or equal to 175MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 250MPa, and the color difference delta E of the finished product anodic oxide film is less than or equal to 0.5, so that the requirements of the aluminum alloy plate for anodic oxidation are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure view of a slab ingot obtained in comparative example 2.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure view of a slab ingot obtained in comparative example 3.
FIG. 3 is a microstructure view of a slab ingot obtained in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a grain structure diagram of a slab ingot obtained in comparative example 3.
FIG. 5 is a grain structure diagram of a slab ingot obtained in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
A preparation method of 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingots with high-proportion added waste materials comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials: the selected raw materials comprise pure aluminum waste, other pure metal ingots except pure aluminum and intermediate alloy, wherein the pure aluminum waste contains waste and pure aluminum materials, and the mass of the waste accounts for 60-100% of the total mass of the pure aluminum waste;
s2, pretreatment: the raw materials are put into a smelting furnace for low-temperature pretreatment, wherein the low-temperature pretreatment temperature is 200-300 ℃,
the heating time is 0.5 to 1.5 hours;
s3, smelting: putting the raw materials subjected to low-temperature pretreatment into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain an alloy melt; the smelting method comprises the following specific steps: melting, primary refining, primary degassing, primary slagging-off, primary standing, component testing, furnace reversing, component adjustment, secondary refining, secondary degassing, secondary slagging-off and secondary standing, wherein in the component testing, the Ti content is ensured to be less than or equal to 80% of the target Ti content; if the Ti content does not meet the requirement, pure aluminum/intermediate alloy can be added into the smelting furnace for adjustment until the requirement is met.
S4, adding a refiner on line: adding an Al-Ti-B wire refiner into the alloy melt on line, wherein the addition amount of the refiner is determined by the difference between the target addition amount and the last component test result in the step S3;
s5, online degassing: performing online degassing treatment on the alloy melt treated in the step S4 by using a double-rotor degassing machine, wherein Ar gas is adopted;
s6, online filtering: performing two-stage filtration on the alloy melt subjected to online degassing, wherein the specification of a first-stage filter plate is 40-50 meshes, and the specification of a second-stage filter plate is 50-60 meshes;
s7, casting: casting the alloy melt after on-line filtration to obtain the aluminum alloy slab ingot, wherein the casting temperature is 700-710 ℃, the casting speed is 45-53 mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 45-54 m 3 /h。
Wherein the selected waste comprises grade 1 waste, grade 2 waste and grade 3 waste.
It should be noted that, in the pure aluminum waste, the content of the grade 1 waste and the pure aluminum material is not less than 20% of the total amount of the pure aluminum waste, the content of the grade 3 waste is not more than 15% of the total amount of the pure aluminum waste, and the rest are grade 2 waste.
It should be noted that, the prepared aluminum alloy is different, and other pure metal ingots are different, and in actual production, a suitable pure metal ingot can be selected according to the specific type of the prepared aluminum alloy.
The 5000-series aluminum alloy slab ingot with high-proportion added scrap is obtained by the preparation method, the total content of Si and Fe in the slab ingot is 0.25-0.5 wt.%, the content of Ti is 0.0005-0.003 wt.%, the average size of Fe phases in the slab ingot is less than or equal to 13.5um, the pinhole degree is 1 grade, the maximum defect size is less than or equal to 120um, and the average grain size is less than or equal to 80um.
An aluminum plate is obtained by subjecting an aluminum alloy slab to homogenization, hot rolling, cold rolling, intermediate annealing, cold rolling, and finish annealing in this order. The yield strength of the aluminum plate is more than or equal to 175MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 250MPa, and the color difference delta E of the finished anodic oxide film is less than or equal to 0.5.
Comparative example 1
A5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot is prepared from raw materials including 96.5wt.% pure aluminum scrap and 3.5wt.% pure magnesium. Wherein the pure aluminum scrap comprises 60 percent of scrap and 40 percent of pure aluminum material, and the scrap is mainly a 5xxx series alloy product; the waste consisted of 50% grade 2 waste, 30% grade 1 waste and 20% grade 3 waste. The slab had a total Si, fe content of 0.25wt.% and a Ti content of 0.019wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting: is carried out in a smelting furnace, and comprises the following steps: melting, degassing, component testing, turning over, component adjusting, refining, degassing, slagging off and standing; the Ti component accounts for 30% of the target component;
(2) Adding a refiner on line: the added refiner is AlTiB silk, the addition is the difference between the target addition and the last component test result, and the addition is 0.014wt.%;
(3) Online degassing: using a double-rotor degasser, wherein Ar gas is used as gas;
(4) And (3) online filtering: adopting two-stage filtration, wherein the specification of a first stage filter plate is 40 meshes, and the specification of a second stage filter plate is 50 meshes;
(5) Casting: the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 48mm/min, and the cooling water quantity of a single crystallizer is 50m 3 /h。
Comparative example 2
A5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot comprises 96.5wt.% pure aluminum scrap and 3.5wt.% pure magnesium as raw materials. Wherein, the pure aluminum scrap only contains scrap; the waste materials are mainly 5xxx series alloy products; the waste consisted of 50% grade 2 waste, 30% grade 1 waste and 20% grade 3 waste. The slab had a total Si, fe content of 0.58wt.% and a Ti content of 0.03wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting: is carried out in a smelting furnace, and comprises the following steps: melting, degassing, component testing, turning over, component adjusting, refining, degassing, slagging off and standing; the Ti content is 95 percent of the target content;
(2) Adding a refiner on line: the added refiner is AlTiB silk, and the adding amount is 0.005wt.%;
(3) Online degassing: using a double-rotor degasser, wherein Ar gas is used as gas;
(4) And (3) online filtering: adopting two-stage filtration, wherein the specification of a first stage filter plate is 50 meshes, and the specification of a second stage filter plate is 60 meshes;
(5) Casting: the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 48mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 50m & lt 3 & gt/h, so that the aluminum alloy slab ingot is obtained.
Comparative example 3
A5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot comprises 92wt.% pure aluminum scrap, 3.5wt.% pure magnesium, 2.5wt.% aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and 2.0wt.% aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy. Wherein, the pure aluminum waste only contains pure aluminum materials. The slab had a total Si, fe content of 0.25wt.% and a Ti content of 0.019wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting: is carried out in a smelting furnace, and comprises the following steps: melting, degassing, component testing, turning down a furnace, component adjusting, refining, degassing, slagging off and standing; the Ti component accounts for 30% of the target component;
(2) Adding a refiner on line: the added refiner is Al-Ti-B wire;
(3) Online degassing: using a double-rotor degasser, wherein Ar gas is used as gas;
(4) And (3) online filtering: double-stage filtration is adopted, wherein the specification of a first stage filter plate is 40 meshes, and the specification of a second stage filter plate is 50 meshes;
(5) Casting: the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 48mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 50m < 3 >/h.
Example 1
A5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot comprises 97.0wt.% pure aluminum scrap and 3.0wt.% pure magnesium as raw materials. Wherein, the pure aluminum scrap only contains scrap; the scrap is mainly a 5xxx series alloy product, and the scrap consists of 60% of grade 2 scrap, 30% of grade 1 scrap and 10% of grade 3 scrap. The slab ingot had a total Si and Fe content of 0.27wt.% and a Ti content of 0.025wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: the process is carried out in a smelting furnace at the temperature of 300 ℃ for 1h;
(2) Smelting: is carried out in a smelting furnace, and comprises the following steps: melting, primary refining, primary degassing, primary slagging-off, primary standing, component testing, furnace reversing, component adjusting, secondary refining, secondary degassing, secondary slagging-off and secondary standing; the Ti content is 80% of the target content;
(3) Adding a refiner on line: the added refiner is AlTiB filament, the addition amount is the difference between the target addition amount and the last component test result, and is 0.004wt.%;
(4) Online degassing: using a double-rotor degassing machine, wherein Ar gas is used as gas;
(5) Online filtering: adopting two-stage filtration, wherein the specification of a first stage filter plate is 40 meshes, and the specification of a second stage filter plate is 60 meshes;
(6) Casting: the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 45mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 45m < 3 >/h;
example 2
A5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot comprises 95.0wt.% pure aluminum scrap, 3.0wt.% pure magnesium, 1.5wt.% aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and 0.5wt.% aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy. Wherein, the pure aluminum scrap only contains scrap; the waste materials are mainly 5xxx series alloy products; the scrap consisted of 50% grade 2 scrap, 42% grade 1 scrap and 8% grade 3 scrap. The slab had a total Si and Fe content of 0.32wt.% and a Ti content of 0.015wt.%.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: the process is carried out in a smelting furnace at the temperature of 200 ℃ for 0.5h;
(2) Smelting: is carried out in a smelting furnace, and comprises the following steps: melting, primary refining, primary degassing, primary slagging-off, primary standing, component testing, furnace reversing, component adjusting, secondary refining, secondary degassing, secondary slagging-off and secondary standing; the Ti content is 60 percent of the target content;
(3) Adding a refiner on line: the added refiner is AlTiB filament, the addition amount is the difference between the target addition amount and the last component test result, and the addition amount is 0.008wt.%;
(4) Online degassing: using a double-rotor degasser, wherein Ar gas is used as gas;
(5) Online filtering: two-stage filtration is adopted, wherein the specification of a first-stage filter screen is 40 meshes, and the specification of a second-stage filter plate is 50 meshes;
(6) Casting: the casting temperature is 710 ℃, the casting speed is 53mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 54m & lt 3 & gt/h, so that the aluminum alloy slab ingot is obtained.
Example 3
A5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot comprises 97.2wt.% pure aluminum scrap and 2.8wt.% pure magnesium as raw materials. Wherein, the pure aluminum scrap only contains scrap; the scrap is mainly a 5xxx series alloy product, and consists of 70% of grade 2 scrap, 20% of grade 1 scrap and 10% of grade 3 scrap. The slab had a total Si and Fe content of 0.48wt.% and a Ti content of 0.015wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: the process is carried out in a smelting furnace at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 1.5h;
(2) Smelting: is carried out in a smelting furnace, and comprises the following steps: melting, primary refining, primary degassing, primary slagging-off, primary standing, component testing, furnace reversing, component adjusting, secondary refining, secondary degassing, secondary slagging-off and secondary standing; the Ti content is 80 percent of the target content;
(3) Adding a refiner on line: the added refiner is AlTiB filament, the addition amount is the difference between the target addition amount and the last component test result, and is 0.004wt.%;
(4) Online degassing: using a double-rotor degasser, wherein Ar gas is used as gas;
(5) Online filtering: adopting two-stage filtration, wherein the specification of a first stage filter plate is 50 meshes, and the specification of a second stage filter plate is 60 meshes;
(6) Casting: the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the casting speed is 50mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 50m < 3 >/h, so that the aluminum alloy slab ingot is obtained.
Example 4
A 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot, the raw materials of which comprise 94.9wt.% pure aluminum scrap, 3.0wt.% pure magnesium, 1.3wt.% aluminum-manganese master alloy and 0.8wt.% aluminum-chromium master alloy. Wherein the pure aluminum scrap contains 60 percent of scrap and 40 percent of pure aluminum material; the scrap is mainly a 5xxx series alloy product, and consists of 50% of grade 2 scrap, 30% of grade 1 scrap and 20% of grade 3 scrap. The total content of Si and Fe in the slab ingot is 0.25wt.%, and the content of Ti is 0.019wt.%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: the process is carried out in a smelting furnace at the temperature of 200 ℃ for 0.5h;
(2) Smelting: is carried out in a smelting furnace, and comprises the following steps: melting, primary refining, primary degassing, primary slagging-off, primary standing, component testing, furnace reversing, component adjusting, secondary refining, secondary degassing, secondary slagging-off and secondary standing; the Ti content is 70 percent of the target content;
(3) Adding a refiner on line: the added refiner was AlTiB filaments added as the difference between the target addition and the last ingredient test result, 0.009wt.%;
(4) Online degassing: using a double-rotor degasser, wherein Ar gas is used as gas;
(5) Online filtering: two-stage filtration is adopted, wherein the specification of a first-stage filter screen is 40 meshes, and the specification of a second-stage filter plate is 50 meshes;
(6) Casting: the casting temperature is 710 ℃, the casting speed is 53mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 54m & lt 3 & gt/h, so that the aluminum alloy slab ingot is obtained.
The smelting process of the comparative examples 1 to 3 comprises the following steps: smelting at 780 ℃ until the raw materials are completely melted; degassing for 15min by introducing Ar gas at 720 ℃; taking a component sample for component test; turning the furnace to a holding furnace for component adjustment until the components are qualified (wherein the step does not specially control Ti components); refining by using a granular refining agent; introducing Ar gas at 720 ℃ for degassing for 15min; slagging off; standing for 15min.
The smelting process of examples 1-4 is: smelting at 780 ℃ until the raw materials are completely melted; performing primary refining by using a granular refining agent; degassing for 15min by introducing Ar gas at 720 ℃; slagging off; standing for 15min; taking a component sample for component test; turning to a holding furnace, adjusting the components until the components are qualified (wherein the Ti content in the step is less than 80% of the target components); refining by using a granular refining agent; degassing for 15min by introducing Ar gas at 720 ℃; slagging off; standing for 15min.
The slabs of comparative examples 1 to 3 and examples 1 to 4 were subjected to the same subsequent process: homogenizing, hot rolling, cold rolling, intermediate annealing, cold rolling and finished product annealing treatment to obtain the aluminum plate. The properties and microstructures (fig. 1 to 5) of the slabs and aluminum plates obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were examined, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance data of slabs and aluminum sheets obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with comparative example 1, the color difference values of examples 1 to 4 are obviously reduced, and the anodic oxidation effect is better, because pretreatment and 2 times of refining processes are carried out in examples 1 to 4, a large amount of impurities and oil stains are removed, and meanwhile, the content of Ti is controlled, so that the excessive Ti element is prevented, impurity phases are generated, and the anodic oxidation performance is influenced; in the comparative example 2, the proportion of 3-grade waste is higher, the Ti component is not controlled in the smelting process, and the content of the added refiner is smaller, so that the grain size is larger, the defect and the Fe-containing phase size are also larger, and the mechanical property of the 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot and the anodic oxidation property of a finished aluminum plate are seriously influenced; compared with a flat ingot (comparative example 3) produced by using 100% pure aluminum, the examples 1 to 4 have the advantages of higher defect area ratio, certain advantages of Fe-containing phase size after process adjustment, equivalent yield strength and tensile strength, and capability of meeting the requirement that delta E is less than or equal to 0.5 due to the color difference of a finished aluminum plate.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the 5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot with the high-proportion added waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing materials: the selected raw materials comprise pure aluminum waste, other pure metal ingots except pure aluminum and an intermediate alloy, wherein the pure aluminum waste contains the waste and the pure aluminum material, and the mass of the waste accounts for 60-100% of the total mass of the pure aluminum waste;
s2, pretreatment: putting the raw materials into a smelting furnace for low-temperature pretreatment, wherein the low-temperature pretreatment temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the heating time is 0.5-1.5 h;
s3, smelting: putting the raw materials subjected to low-temperature pretreatment into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain an alloy melt;
s4, adding a refiner on line: adding an Al-Ti-B wire refiner into the alloy melt on line, wherein the addition amount of the refiner is determined by the difference between the target addition amount and the last component test result in the step S3;
s5, online degassing: performing online degassing treatment on the alloy melt treated in the step S4 by using a double-rotor degassing machine, wherein Ar gas is adopted;
s6, online filtering: performing two-stage filtration on the alloy melt subjected to online degassing, wherein the specification of a first-stage filter plate is 40 to 50 meshes, and the specification of a second-stage filter plate is 50 to 60 meshes;
s7, casting: and casting the alloy melt after on-line filtration to obtain an aluminum alloy slab ingot, wherein the total content of Si and Fe in the aluminum alloy slab ingot is 0.25 to 0.5wt.%, and the content of Ti in the aluminum alloy slab ingot is 0.0005 to 0.003wt.%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the scrap selected in step S1 comprises grade 1 scrap, grade 2 scrap and grade 3 scrap.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the pure aluminum scrap contains not less than 20% of grade 1 scrap and not more than 15% of pure aluminum scrap, and the balance is grade 2 scrap.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the melting step in step S3 comprises: melting, primary refining, primary degassing, primary slagging-off, primary standing, component testing, furnace reversing, component adjusting, secondary refining, secondary degassing, secondary slagging-off and secondary standing.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the Ti content of the composition test in step S3 is less than or equal to 80% of the target Ti content.
6. The method for producing a 5000-series aluminum alloy slab ingot with high added scrap according to claim 1, wherein in step S7, the casting temperature is 700 to 710 ℃, the casting speed is 45 to 53mm/min, and the cooling water amount of a single crystallizer is 45 to 54m 3 /h。
7. A5000 series aluminum alloy slab ingot to which scrap is added at a high ratio, characterized by being obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The 5000-series aluminum alloy slab ingot added with scrap at high ratio as claimed in claim 7, wherein the average size of Fe phase in the slab ingot is 13.5um or less, the pinhole degree is 1 grade, the maximum size of defect is 120um or less, and the average size of crystal grain is 80um or less.
9. An aluminum plate obtained by subjecting the aluminum alloy slab of claim 8 to homogenization, hot rolling, cold rolling, intermediate annealing, cold rolling, and finish annealing in this order.
10. The aluminum plate of claim 9, wherein the aluminum plate has a yield strength of 175MPa or more, a tensile strength of 250MPa or more, and a finished anodic oxide film color difference Δ E of 0.5 or less.
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