CN104762568A - Aluminum alloy refiner material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Aluminum alloy refiner material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104762568A
CN104762568A CN201510165958.0A CN201510165958A CN104762568A CN 104762568 A CN104762568 A CN 104762568A CN 201510165958 A CN201510165958 A CN 201510165958A CN 104762568 A CN104762568 A CN 104762568A
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alloy
parts
aluminium
aluminium alloy
argon gas
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Inventor
王立生
王永宁
朱志华
刘春海
李昌海
阿拉腾
张振栋
苏云高
赵乃勤
朱胜利
何春年
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Tianjin University
CITIC Dicastal Co Ltd
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Tianjin University
CITIC Dicastal Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510165958.0A priority Critical patent/CN104762568A/en
Publication of CN104762568A publication Critical patent/CN104762568A/en
Priority to US15/092,816 priority patent/US20160298217A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/10—Amorphous alloys with molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, titanium, or zirconium or Hf as the major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/186—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of zirconium or alloys based thereon

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum alloy refiner. The aluminum alloy refiner is an amorphous alloy and is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mole: 40-60 parts of Zr, 25-45 parts of Cu, 1-15 parts of Al, 1-10 parts of Pd and 1-10 parts of Nb. The refiner can well refine grains. The mechanical properties of the alloy are enhanced to some extent. The intermediate alloy enhances the strength and plasticity of the alloy. The refined A356 aluminum alloy is very suitable for manufacturing automobile wheels.

Description

A kind of aluminium alloy fining agent material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium alloy smelting field, relate to a kind of alloy refinement agent material of refining aluminum alloy particularly.
Background technology
Aluminium contains the abundantest metallic element in the earth's crust; The density of aluminium is little, and plasticity is high, and ductility is good, has good castability, and there is fine and close oxide film protection on surface, and corrosion resistance is good.Cast aluminium alloy adds other metals or non-metallic element on the basis of fine aluminium, not only maintains the fundamental property of fine aluminium, and due to alloying and heat treated effect, make aluminium alloy have good over-all properties.Silumin alloy take silicon as predominant secondary element, and general Si amount controls to have good castability (as mobility, shrinking percentage, hot-cracking resistance, resistance to air loss etc.) at 4% ~ 22%, Al-Si system alloy.A356 alloy belongs to Al-Si system alloy, because it has excellent over-all properties, is widely used in the pump housing, airplane spare parts, automobile gearbox, car bottom plates accessory etc. of casting various shell-pieces, automotive wheel, aircraft.
In current international automobile industry, A356 aluminium alloy is often adopted to cast various wheel.A356 aluminium alloy is Al-Si-Mg system alloy, and its Main Tissues is primary α-Al and eutectic structure (α-Al+ Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys), and wherein Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys presents thick needle-like, and this thick acicular structure seriously will be isolated matrix and be fallen low-alloyed mechanical property.Therefore need to carry out Metamorphism treatment, improve its tissue topography, and then put forward heavy alloyed mechanical property.The present invention is exactly to develop novel alterant.Therefore, meet the requirement of A356.2 alloy in the urgent need to one at present and improve its weave construction and improve its mechanical property further, making it reach the fining agent of the requirement that wheel is produced.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide one and meet the requirement of A356.2 alloy and improve its weave construction and improve its mechanical property further, make it reach the fining agent of the requirement that wheel is produced.
In order to realize above goal of the invention, the invention provides following technical scheme:
In one aspect of the invention, provide a kind of aluminium alloy fining agent, it is characterized in that, be the non-crystaline amorphous metal of the Nb of Pd and 1-10 part of Al, 1-10 part of Cu, 1-15 part of Zr, 25-45 part comprising 40-60 part in the aluminium alloy fining agent that amount of substance mark is described.
Of the present invention one preferred in, described aluminium alloy fining agent, in amount of substance mark, comprises the Nb of the Zr of 50 parts, the Cu of 35 parts, the Al of 7 parts, 5 parts Pd and 3 part.
Of the present invention one preferred in, described aluminium alloy fining agent is prepared by cooling fast.
Of the present invention one preferred in, described quick cooling is melted at the temperature of 900-1000 DEG C zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium, and get rid of band machine by single roller and be prepared from.
Of the present invention one preferred in, described aluminium alloy fining agent is prepared by following method:
(1) pure metal zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium are mixed by a certain percentage, forvacuum to 10 in vacuum arc fumace -3below Pa, carries out melting after being filled with argon gas (preferably, dividing potential drop 0.02-0.05MPa), melt back 5 times, the mother alloy of obtained uniform composition; And
(2) mother alloy described in step (1) is broken into fritter, is placed in silica tube, single roller gets rid of the forvacuum to 10 of band machine -3below Pa, be filled with argon gas (preferably, dividing potential drop 0.05-0.1MPa) after with induction heating by silica tube mother alloy fusing, liquid alloy temperature is 900-1000 DEG C, adjustment copper roller rotating speed 3000-4000r/min, with argon gas, liquid alloy is ejected to copper roller surface, obtained noncrystalline alloy strip.
In another aspect of the present invention, additionally provide the method preparing previously described aluminium alloy fining agent, it is characterized in that, described method comprises step:
(1) pure metal zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium are mixed by a certain percentage, forvacuum to 10 in vacuum arc fumace -3below Pa, carries out melting after being filled with argon gas (preferably, dividing potential drop 0.02-0.05MPa), melt back 5 times, the mother alloy of obtained uniform composition; And
(2) mother alloy described in step (1) is broken into fritter, is placed in silica tube, single roller gets rid of the forvacuum to 10 of band machine -3below Pa, be filled with argon gas (preferably, dividing potential drop 0.05-0.1MPa) after with induction heating by silica tube mother alloy fusing, liquid alloy temperature is 900-1000 DEG C, adjustment copper roller rotating speed 3000-4000r/min, with argon gas, liquid alloy is ejected to copper roller surface, obtained noncrystalline alloy strip.
In other aspects of the present invention, additionally provide following technical scheme:
In one aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method of smelting aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the step using fining agent process aluminium alloy, and described fining agent is zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal, it is characterized in that, comprise the Nb of Pd and 1-10 part of Al, 1-10 part of Cu, 1-15 part of Zr, 25-45 part of 40-60 part in the non-crystaline amorphous metal that amount of substance mark is described; Preferably, described non-crystaline amorphous metal, in amount of substance mark, comprises the Nb of the Zr of 50 parts, the Cu of 35 parts, the Al of 7 parts, 5 parts Pd and 3 part.
In the present invention one is preferred, described zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal is prepared by cooling fast; Preferably, described quick cooling is existed at zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium ... melt at temperature, and get rid of band machine by single roller and be prepared from.
In the present invention one is preferred, described zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal is prepared by following method:
(1) pure metal zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium are mixed by a certain percentage, forvacuum to 10 in vacuum arc fumace -3below Pa, carries out melting after being filled with argon gas (dividing potential drop 0.02-0.05MPa), melt back 5 times, the mother alloy of obtained uniform composition; And
(2) mother alloy described in step (1) is broken into fritter, is placed in silica tube, single roller gets rid of the forvacuum to 10 of band machine -3below Pa, melted by mother alloy in silica tube with induction heating after being filled with argon gas (dividing potential drop 0.05-0.1MPa), liquid alloy temperature is 900-1000 DEG C, adjustment copper roller rotating speed 3000-4000r/min, with argon gas, liquid alloy is ejected to copper roller surface, obtained noncrystalline alloy strip.
In the present invention one is preferred, in thinning processing, add zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal according to 0.15 ~ 0.80wt% of the weight of pending aluminium alloy.
In the present invention one is preferred, comprise step in thinning processing: pending aluminium alloy melts by (1) under 750-800 degree Celsius, and the degasification that removes the gred; And (2) add zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal according to 0.15 ~ 0.80wt% of the weight of pending aluminium alloy, insulation 5-120 minute, and carry out degasification.
In the present invention one is preferred, the temperature of fusion in step (1) is 790 degrees Celsius, adds zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal in step (2) according to the 0.20wt% of the weight of pending aluminium alloy.
In the present invention one is preferred, the temperature of fusion in step (1) is 790 degrees Celsius, adds zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal in step (2) according to the 0.60wt% of the weight of pending aluminium alloy.
In the present invention one is preferred, insulation 5-120 minute in step (2); Such as, 5,10,30,45 or 60 minutes are incubated.
The present invention other in, additionally provide the aluminium alloy prepared according to previously described method.
The present invention other in, additionally provide the purposes of previously described aluminium alloy in cast aluminum alloy wheel.
In other aspects of the present invention, provide following technical scheme:
In one aspect of the invention, provide a kind of processing method of adding zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step one, single roller is utilized to get rid of the standby zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon of band mechanism: to be 40%-60% according to the atomic percent of Zr, the atomic percent of Cu is 25%-45%, the atomic percent of Al is 1%-15%, the atomic percent of Pd is 1%-10%, the atomic percent of Nb is that 1%-10% configures raw material, first this raw material is placed in non-consumable arc-melting furnace and carries out melting, then the alloy after this melting is put in single roller and gets rid of in band machine and prepare zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon;
Step 2, melting refining: with A356 aluminium alloy for alloy raw material, A356 aluminum alloy chemical composition requires as shown in table 1, using the obtained zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon of step one as master alloy, A356 aluminium alloy is put into resistance furnace and carries out melting, smelting temperature is 750-800 DEG C, under this smelting temperature, put into alloy raw material insulation 30-50min to A356 alloy raw material melt completely, 30S is stirred in slagging-off, passes into Ar gas, N 2or other rare gas elementes 3-30min carries out degasification, remove the gred after insulation 5-15min; Be that 0.2-0.6% adds the obtained zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon of step one according to the mass percent of alloy raw material, at 750-800 DEG C of insulation 5-120min; Ar gas, N is passed in insulating process 2or other rare gas elementes 3-30min carries out degasification, after insulation terminates, slagging-off is taken out crucible after stirring 3-5min and is put in air.
Step 3, gravitational casting: when molten aluminium temperature is 700-750 DEG C, slagging-off, waters molten aluminium in the cast iron die casting from and be preheated to 200 DEG C, forms rods and bars of aluminium alloy after natural air cooling;
Step 4, thermal treatment: the rods and bars of aluminium alloy in cast iron die is heat-treated, comprises,
Solution treatment: this rods and bars of aluminium alloy is incubated 2 ~ 6 hours in for the heat treatment furnace of 535 ± 5 DEG C, be transferred in 20S in the hot water of 70-90 DEG C after insulation terminates and carry out quench treatment, bar stops 2-5min in the hot water and takes out;
Ageing treatment: after quench treatment terminates, is transferred to bar in the heat treatment furnace between 130-160 DEG C and is incubated 3 ~ 12 hours, air cooling.
In one aspect of the invention, provide the A356 aluminium alloy prepared according to the processing method of described zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy above and manufacture the application in automotive wheel.
In one aspect of the invention, provide the processing method of a kind of zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, comprise the following steps: utilize single roller to get rid of the standby zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon of band mechanism: with A356 aluminium alloy for alloy raw material, with zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon for master alloy, and be that 0.2-0.6% adds this master alloy according to the mass percent of alloy raw material, aluminium alloy is put into resistance furnace and carries out melting, its smelting temperature is 750-800 DEG C, is incubated 5-120min after adding master alloy; Gravitational casting and thermal treatment.Add the master alloy of zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon as A356 aluminium alloy, compared to the A356 aluminium alloy not adding master alloy, grain refining, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys organizes disperse more even, and mechanical property obtains certain raising.
The present invention is by adopting zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon master alloy as the alterant of A356 aluminium alloy, can not only good crystal grain thinning, and this alloy mechanical property have also been obtained certain raising, as shown in Figure 3, in this, au-alloy improves intensity and the plasticity of alloy, and the A356 aluminium alloy after this refinement is very suitable for manufacturing automotive wheel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below, describe embodiment of the present invention in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the as-cast metallographic structure figure that embodiment of the present invention 1-5 adds zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon master alloy in A356 aluminium alloy, wherein, a as-cast metallographic structure that () is embodiment 1 schemes, b as-cast metallographic structure that () is embodiment 2 schemes, c as-cast metallographic structure that () is embodiment 3 schemes, d as-cast metallographic structure that () is embodiment 4 schemes, and the as-cast metallographic structure that (e) is embodiment 5 schemes.
Fig. 2 is the as-heat-treated condition metallographic structure figure that embodiment of the present invention 1-5 adds zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon master alloy in A356 aluminium alloy, wherein, a as-heat-treated condition metallographic structure figure that () is embodiment 1, b as-heat-treated condition metallographic structure figure that () is embodiment 2, c as-heat-treated condition metallographic structure figure that () is embodiment 3, d as-heat-treated condition metallographic structure figure that () is embodiment 4, the as-heat-treated condition metallographic structure figure that (e) is embodiment 5.
Fig. 3 is the mechanical property figure that embodiment of the present invention 1-5 adds zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon master alloy in A356 aluminium alloy, and wherein, (a) is tensile strength; B () is yield strength; C () is elongation.
Fig. 4 is the Zr that the present invention adds 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3the DSC of amorphous ribbon and XRD figure, wherein, (a) is DSC figure, and (b) is XRD figure.
Embodiment
Introduce detailed content of the present invention by the following examples, provide embodiment to be convenience in order to understand, is never restriction the present invention.
The one that the present invention proposes, using zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon as master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, improves intensity and the plasticity of alloy, the A356 aluminium alloy after this process can be applied to manufacture automotive wheel.
Embodiment 1: a kind of processing method of Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, its step is as follows:
Step one, single roller is utilized to get rid of the standby zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium amorphous ribbon of band mechanism: to be 50% according to the atomic percent of Zr, the atomic percent of Cu is 35%, the atomic percent of the atomic percent of Al to be the atomic percent of 7%, Pd be 5%, Nb is 3% prepare Zr 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3amorphous ribbon master alloy.Process is as follows: pure metal zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium are mixed by a certain percentage, forvacuum to 10 in vacuum arc fumace -3below Pa, carries out melting after being filled with argon gas (dividing potential drop 0.02-0.05MPa), melt back 5 times, the mother alloy of obtained uniform composition; Mother alloy is broken into fritter, is placed in silica tube, single roller gets rid of the forvacuum to 10 of band machine -3below Pa, melted by mother alloy in silica tube with induction heating after being filled with argon gas (dividing potential drop 0.05-0.1MPa), liquid alloy temperature is 900-1000 DEG C, adjustment copper roller rotating speed 3000-4000r/min, with argon gas, liquid alloy is ejected to copper roller surface, obtained noncrystalline alloy strip.Fig. 4 shows this Zr 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3the DSC figure of amorphous ribbon and XRD figure.This DSC schemes and XRD figure shows, Zr of the present invention 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3master alloy is non-crystaline amorphous metal.
Step 2, melting refining: wherein alloy raw material is A356 aluminium alloy, master alloy is the Zr that step one prepares 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3amorphous ribbon master alloy.Adopt resistance furnace melting, smelting temperature is 790 DEG C, puts into A356 Al alloy thermal insulation 35min at such a temperature and guarantees that A356 aluminium alloy melts completely, 30S is stirred in slagging-off, pass into Ar gas 3min and carry out degasification, remove the gred after insulation 5min, add the Zr that quality is the 0.2wt% of A356 aluminium alloy 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3amorphous ribbon master alloy, at 790 DEG C of insulation 5min; Pass into Ar gas 5min in insulating process and carry out degasification, after insulation terminates, slagging-off is taken out crucible after stirring 3-5min and is put in air.
Step 3, gravitational casting: when molten aluminium temperature is 750 DEG C, slagging-off, being watered by molten aluminium in the cast iron die casting from and be preheated to 200 DEG C, is bar after natural air cooling.
Step 4, the bar in cast iron die is carried out T6 thermal treatment (namely carrying out ageing treatment after solution treatment), wherein, solution treatment is that bar is incubated 2 hours in the heat treatment furnace of 540 DEG C, in the hot water of 80 DEG C, carry out quench treatment.Ageing treatment is after quench treatment terminates, and is transferred to by bar in the heat treatment furnace of 150 DEG C and is incubated 12 hours, air cooling.
Step 4, thermal treatment: the rods and bars of aluminium alloy in cast iron die is heat-treated, comprises,
Solution treatment: this rods and bars of aluminium alloy is incubated 2 hours in for the heat treatment furnace of 540 DEG C, be transferred in 20S in the hot water of 80 DEG C after insulation terminates and carry out quench treatment, bar stops 2-5min in the hot water and takes out;
Ageing treatment: after quench treatment terminates, is transferred to bar in the heat treatment furnace between 150 DEG C and is incubated 12 hours, air cooling.
Olympus metaloscope GX51 is utilized to carry out metallographic detection to the sample that step 3 obtains, as shown in (a) in Fig. 1, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out metallographic detection, as shown in (a) in Fig. 2, the omnipotent mechanics machine rate of extension of WDW-20 is utilized to carry out stretching mechanical property testing, as shown in (a), (b) and (c) in Fig. 3 for the sample that 0.1mm/min is obtained to step 4.
Embodiment 2: a kind of processing method of Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, its step is as follows:
Step one, preparation Zr 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3amorphous ribbon master alloy, with embodiment one.
Step 2, melting refining, this step 2 adds Zr from different being only of step 2 in embodiment one 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 310min is changed the soaking time of 790 DEG C into by 5min after amorphous ribbon master alloy.
Step 3, gravitational casting, with embodiment one.
Step 4, the bar in cast iron die is carried out T6 thermal treatment, with embodiment one.
Metallographic detection is carried out to the sample that step 3 obtains, as shown in (b) in Fig. 1, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out metallographic detection, as shown in (b) in Fig. 2, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out stretching mechanical property testing, as shown in (a), (b) and (c) in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 3: a kind of processing method of Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, its step is as follows:
Step one, preparation Zr 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3amorphous ribbon master alloy, with embodiment one.
Step 2, melting refining, this step 2 adds Zr from different being only of step 2 in embodiment one 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 330min is changed the soaking time of 790 DEG C into by 5min after amorphous ribbon master alloy.
Step 3, gravitational casting, with embodiment one.
Step 4, the bar in cast iron die is carried out T6 thermal treatment, with embodiment one.
Metallographic detection is carried out to the sample that step 3 obtains, as shown in (c) in Fig. 1, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out metallographic detection, as shown in (c) in Fig. 2, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out stretching mechanical property testing, as shown in (a), (b) and (c) in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 4: a kind of processing method of Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, its step is as follows:
Step one, preparation Zr 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3amorphous ribbon master alloy, with embodiment one.
Step 2, melting refining, this step 2 adds Zr from different being only of step 2 in embodiment one 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 345min is changed the soaking time of 790 DEG C into by 5min after amorphous ribbon master alloy.
Step 3, gravitational casting, with embodiment one.
Step 4, the bar in cast iron die is carried out T6 thermal treatment, with embodiment one.
Metallographic detection is carried out to the sample that step 3 obtains, as shown in (d) in Fig. 1, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out metallographic detection, as shown in (d) in Fig. 2, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out stretching mechanical property testing, as shown in (a), (b) and (c) in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 5: a kind of processing method of Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, its step is as follows:
Step one, preparation Zr 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3amorphous ribbon master alloy, with embodiment one.
Step 2, melting refining, this step 2 adds Zr from different being only of step 2 in embodiment one 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 360min is changed the soaking time of 790 DEG C into by 10min after amorphous ribbon master alloy.
Step 3, gravitational casting, with embodiment one.
Step 4, the bar in cast iron die is carried out T6 thermal treatment, with embodiment one.
Metallographic detection is carried out to the sample that step 3 obtains, as shown in (e) in Fig. 1, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out metallographic detection, as shown in (e) in Fig. 2, the sample obtained to step 4 carries out stretching mechanical property testing, as shown in (a), (b) and (c) in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 6: a kind of processing method of Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy Metamorphism treatment A356 aluminium alloy, its step is as follows:
Step one, preparation Zr 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3amorphous ribbon master alloy, with embodiment one.
Step 2, melting refining, this step 2 adds Zr from different being only of step 2 in embodiment one 50cu 35al 7pd 5nb 3the quality of amorphous ribbon master alloy becomes 0.6wt% from the 0.2wt% for A356 aluminium alloy.
Step 3, gravitational casting, with embodiment one.
Step 4, the bar in cast iron die is carried out T6 thermal treatment, with embodiment one.
Can be found out by above embodiment 1-6 and Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and add Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy, there is certain refinement in α-Al, and the A356 mechanical property after going bad improves mutually.Comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 2, the eutectic silicon after thermal treatment can be found out in eutectic structure by strip and gathering spherical be converted to closely spherical in α-Al matrix phase Dispersed precipitate.In Fig. 1, contrast (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) can find out, c in (), also namely embodiment 3 dendritic structure is the thickest, a dendrite and secondary dendrite length are all higher than its hetero-organization, tensile strength and the yield strength of Fig. 3 display (c) are all very low, but the elongation of material is improved, this illustrates that growing up of dendrite makes Tensile strength and yield strength reduce but can improve the plasticity of material.Automotive wheel to the general requirement of the mechanical property of A356 aluminium alloy is: tensile strength Rm>220MPa, yield strength Rp0.2>180MPa, elongation As>7%, embodiment 1, 2, 4 meet this requirement, and embodiment 1 to be incubated the mechanical property of 5min best, along with the prolongation of soaking time, mechanical property occurs first reducing the phenomenon improved afterwards, but the plasticity of material but shows contrary trend, with the prolongation of soaking time, plasticity first improves rear reduction, this meets general tensile strength to improve the rule of plasticity reduction.
Preparation method of the present invention has following advantage:
(1) have employed novel amorphous master alloy, it is amorphous alloy that DSC and XRD of Fig. 4 shows this band, and the use of non-crystaline amorphous metal makes the structure of final product more even.
(2) master alloy adds with ribbon, dissolves in aluminium liquid rapidly after suitable mechanical stirring, can the distribution of even dispersion.
(3) the A356 aluminium alloy uniform crystal particles after the process of Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy is tiny, alloying element even dispersion be distributed in aluminum substrate, contribute to improving A356 Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys.
(4) add Zr-Cu-Al-Pd-Nb amorphous ribbon master alloy, as-cast structure is when being incubated 30min, and dendrite is maximum also the thickest.
(5) to be incubated the mechanical property of 5min best for embodiment 1, along with the prolongation of soaking time, mechanical property occurs first reducing the phenomenon improved afterwards, but the plasticity of material but shows contrary trend, with the prolongation of soaking time, plasticity first improves rear reduction, and this meets general tensile strength to improve the rule of plasticity reduction.
Meanwhile, the present inventor also prepares the zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal of following composition and tests:
(A) 40 parts Zr, the Cu of 45 parts, the Al of 1 part, 10 parts Pd and 1 part Nb
(B) 60 parts Zr, the Cu of 25 parts, the Al of 15 parts, 1 part Pd and 10 part Nb
(C) 52 parts Zr, the Cu of 29 parts, the Al of 7 parts, 7 parts Pd and 3 part Nb
(D) 57 parts Zr, the Cu of 41 parts, the Al of 12 parts, 5 parts Pd and 1 part Nb
Result shows, under the condition of embodiment 1, and the non-crystaline amorphous metal of above each group:
(1) the tensile strength Rm of aluminium alloy that produces of process is all higher than 230MPa, and wherein (B) Rm numerical value of non-crystaline amorphous metal of organizing is the highest, is 283MPa;
(2) yield strength of aluminium alloy that produces of process is all higher than Rp0.2180MPa, and wherein (D) numerical value of organizing is the highest, is 220.1MPa;
(3) the unit elongation As of aluminium alloy that produces of process is all higher than 7.0%, and wherein (A) numerical value of unit elongation of organizing is the highest, is 10.625%.
By above-mentioned case study on implementation, in conjunction with Figure of description, invention has been described, but above case study on implementation is not just limit practical range of the present invention to better introduce this experiment.All according to the present invention or when not departing from this experiment aim bright greatly, the equivalent deformation carried out and relevant modifications, all within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. an aluminium alloy fining agent, is characterized in that, is the non-crystaline amorphous metal of the Nb of Pd and 1-10 part of Al, 1-10 part of Cu, 1-15 part of Zr, 25-45 part comprising 40-60 part in the aluminium alloy fining agent that amount of substance mark is described.
2. aluminium alloy fining agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy fining agent is following one:
Described non-crystaline amorphous metal, in amount of substance mark, comprises the Nb of the Zr of 50 parts, the Cu of 35 parts, the Al of 7 parts, 5 parts Pd and 3 part;
Described non-crystaline amorphous metal, in amount of substance mark, comprises the Nb of the Zr of 40 parts, the Cu of 45 parts, the Al of 1 part, 10 parts Pd and 1 part;
Described non-crystaline amorphous metal, in amount of substance mark, comprises the Nb of the Zr of 60 parts, the Cu of 25 parts, the Al of 15 parts, 1 part Pd and 10 part;
Described non-crystaline amorphous metal, in amount of substance mark, comprises the Nb of the Zr of 52 parts, the Cu of 29 parts, the Al of 7 parts, 7 parts Pd and 3 part; And
Described non-crystaline amorphous metal, in amount of substance mark, comprises the Nb of the Zr of 57 parts, the Cu of 41 parts, the Al of 12 parts, 5 parts Pd and 1 part.
3. the aluminium alloy fining agent described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy fining agent is prepared by cooling fast.
4. aluminium alloy fining agent according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described quick cooling is melted at the temperature of 900-1000 DEG C zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium, and gets rid of band machine by single roller and be prepared from.
5. the aluminium alloy fining agent described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy fining agent is prepared by following method:
(1) pure metal zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium are mixed by a certain percentage, forvacuum to 10 in vacuum arc fumace -3below Pa, carries out melting after being filled with argon gas, melt back 5 times, the mother alloy of obtained uniform composition; And
(2) mother alloy described in step (1) is broken into fritter, is placed in silica tube, single roller gets rid of the forvacuum to 10 of band machine -3below Pa, melted by the mother alloy in silica tube with induction heating after being filled with argon gas, liquid alloy temperature is 900-1000 DEG C, and adjustment copper roller rotating speed 3000-4000r/min, is ejected to copper roller surface with argon gas by liquid alloy, obtained noncrystalline alloy strip.
6. aluminium alloy fining agent according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in step (1), the dividing potential drop of argon gas is 0.02-0.05MPa.
7. aluminium alloy fining agent according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in step (2), the dividing potential drop of argon gas is 0.05-0.1MPa.
8. the method for the zirconium-copper-aluminium-palladium-niobium non-crystaline amorphous metal of preparation according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, described method comprises step:
(1) pure metal zirconium, copper, aluminium, palladium and niobium are mixed by a certain percentage, forvacuum to 10 in vacuum arc fumace -3below Pa, carries out melting after being filled with argon gas, melt back 5 times, the mother alloy of obtained uniform composition; And
(2) mother alloy described in step (1) is broken into fritter, is placed in silica tube, single roller gets rid of the forvacuum to 10 of band machine -3below Pa, melted by the mother alloy in silica tube with induction heating after being filled with argon gas, liquid alloy temperature is 900-1000 DEG C, and adjustment copper roller rotating speed 3000-4000r/min, is ejected to copper roller surface with argon gas by liquid alloy, obtained noncrystalline alloy strip.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in step (1), the dividing potential drop of argon gas is 0.02-0.05MPa.
10. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in step (2), the dividing potential drop of argon gas is 0.05-0.1MPa.
CN201510165958.0A 2015-04-09 2015-04-09 Aluminum alloy refiner material and preparation method thereof Pending CN104762568A (en)

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