CN113854206A - High-position mulching film pond mixed culture method for scatophagus argus, pearl wharfs and litopenaeus vannamei - Google Patents
High-position mulching film pond mixed culture method for scatophagus argus, pearl wharfs and litopenaeus vannamei Download PDFInfo
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- CN113854206A CN113854206A CN202111355829.XA CN202111355829A CN113854206A CN 113854206 A CN113854206 A CN 113854206A CN 202111355829 A CN202111355829 A CN 202111355829A CN 113854206 A CN113854206 A CN 113854206A
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- pearl
- litopenaeus vannamei
- mulching film
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- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 241001274197 Scatophagus argus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000009344 polyculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 10
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000545744 Hirudinea Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 208000030852 Parasitic disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000932075 Priacanthus hamrur Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001071795 Gentiana Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010006895 Cachexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001571764 Lysimachia christinae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026500 emaciation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000062804 prey Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-position mulching film pond polyculture method of scatophagus argus, pearl wharfs and litopenaeus vannamei, belonging to the technical field of mariculture; the method comprises the following steps: (1) sterilizing the high-position mulching film pool and the seawater in the pool; (2) inoculating chlorella into the disinfected high-level mulching film pool, and adding fermented fertilizer and water; (3) when the transparency of the seawater in the high-position mulching film pond reaches 140cm, putting litopenaeus vannamei seedlings; (4) when the Litopenaeus vannamei grows to 2-3cm, the bait and the pearl wharf are put in turn. By utilizing the mixed culture method, the predation of the pearl wharf on the litopenaeus vannamei can be reduced, the competition of the scatophagus argus and the litopenaeus vannamei on food intake is reduced, the occurrence of the parasitic disease of the pearl wharf leech can be reduced, and the yield of the pearl wharf, the litopenaeus vannamei and the scatophagus argus is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mariculture, in particular to a high-position mulching film pond polyculture method for scatophagus argus, pearl wharfpea and litopenaeus vannamei.
Background
The pearl dragon wharf is also named as Longhuban or Pearl spot, has mild habit and fast growth in juvenile fish period, is a new hybrid variety of grouper cultivated by using gentian rockspot (male) and tiger spot (female), has tender meat quality, fast growth and strong disease resistance, has the appearance of tiger spot head and gentian tail, shows hybrid advantages, and has good market price and wide market prospect.
In the existing pearl wharf breeding process, moss is easy to grow in a pond, and the remaining residual bait is fed, so that the water quality is difficult to regulate and control, and the water quality is greatly changed. Moreover, the pearl and the wharf are easy to be parasitic by leeches to cause fish body emaciation and bacterial infection. The existing pearl dragon wharf and prawns are mixed and cultured, and the yield of the prawns is extremely low because the pearl dragon wharf preys on the prawns in large quantity due to unreasonable throwing density and specification. According to the existing polyculture of the scatophagus argus and the prawns, the density of the bait is unreasonable, and the scatophagus argus occupies a large amount of bait in the food competition process, so that the prawns grow slowly and the yield is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-position mulching film pond mixed culture method for scatophagus argus, pearl wharfs and litopenaeus vannamei, which solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a high-position mulching film pond polyculture method of scatophagus argus, pearl wharfs and litopenaeus vannamei, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sterilizing the high-position mulching film pool and the seawater in the pool;
(2) inoculating chlorella into the disinfected high-level mulching film pool, and adding fermented fertilizer and water;
(3) when the transparency of the seawater in the high-position mulching film pond reaches 140cm, putting litopenaeus vannamei seedlings;
(4) when the Litopenaeus vannamei grows to 2-3cm, the bait and the pearl wharf are put in turn.
Further, the preparation method of the fermented fertilizer water comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 2 portions of fish meal, 8 portions of soybean meal, 4 portions of wheat bran and 1 portion of molasses are added with yeast or lactic acid bacteria for anaerobic fermentation for 3-7 days.
Further, in the step (1), the sterilization treatment specifically includes: cleaning a high-position mulching film pond, spraying bleaching powder with water to disinfect the pond, exposing the pond for 2 days, then adding seawater, and spraying strong chlorine to disinfect water.
Further, in the step (3), the putting density of the litopenaeus vannamei seedlings is 30000 tails/mu.
Further, in the step (4), the putting method of the scatophagus argus germchit and the pearl wharf germchit comprises the following steps: 500 tails/mu of 5cm of scatophagus argus seedlings are placed first, and 5000 tails/mu of 10-12cm of pearl dragon wharf seedlings are placed every other 1 day.
Further, the polyculture method also comprises the following feeding method: the whole course is 9 in the morning: 00 and 4 in the afternoon: 00 feeding grouper feed in the morning of 10: 00 and 5 pm: 00 feeding shrimp feed; the whole breeding process does not feed the scatophagus argus.
Further, the polyculture method further comprises the following steps: changing water by 5-10cm every day; changing water for 1 time in 15-20 days with water amount of 50-60 cm; 1 time of bacillus is added every 7 days; adding lactobacillus every 3 days for 1 time to regulate water quality; strong chlorine is added for 1 time every 10 days.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
by controlling the feeding density and the feeding time, the predation of the pearl wharfs on the litopenaeus vannamei is reduced, and the competition of the feeding of the scatophagus argus and the litopenaeus vannamei is reduced; the scatophagus argus and the litopenaeus vannamei eat leeches, and the feeding density of the feed is enough to control the growth of the leeches and reduce the occurrence of parasitosis of the leeches of the pearl wharffish; the little scad can eat the residual bait, controls the growth of the moss, ensures the stability of water quality, improves the utilization rate of the bait, and improves the yield of the pearl wharfs, the litopenaeus vannamei and the little scad.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The preparation method of the fermented fertilizer water in the following embodiment comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 0.2 portion of lactic acid bacteria (yeast can be used) is added according to the proportion of 2 portions of fish meal, 8 portions of soybean meal, 4 portions of wheat bran and 1 portion of molasses, 50 portions of water is added into a sealed barrel, and the mixture is sealed and fermented for 3-7 days. The lactobacillus is purchased from the market, and has a concentration of 5 × 109cfu/mL。
In the following examples, the method for detecting the number of moss was: and (4) periodically carrying out spot detection on the weight of the moss fished out of the pool wall 20cm below the water surface and after water is drained, wherein the weight is measured in g.
In the following examples, the number of leeches was measured by the following method: periodically sampling the number of leeches on the body surfaces of 5 pearl pontoons, wherein the number is calculated by the average number of each leech.
Example 1
(1) Cleaning a high-level mulching film pond, splashing bleaching powder with water to disinfect the pond, insolating for 2 days, entering seawater with the water level of 1.5 meters at the side slope, and splashing strong chlorine to disinfect the water body in the whole pond.
(2) And (3) starting an aerator to aerate for 2 days, inoculating chlorella into the disinfected high-level mulching film pool, taking 20 liters of fermented fertilizer water at the upper layer from the fermentation seal every day, filtering by using a 150-mesh net, and splashing the whole pool until the transparency of seawater reaches 140 cm.
(3) When the transparency of seawater in the high-position mulching film pond reaches 140cm, putting litopenaeus vannamei seedlings at a throwing density of 30000 tails/mu.
(4) When the Litopenaeus vannamei grows to 2-3cm, 500 tails/mu of 5cm of Lysimachia christinae seedlings are placed first, and 5000 tails/mu of 10-12cm of pearl wharfpea seedlings are placed every other 1 day.
(5) The feeding method comprises the following steps: the whole course is 9 in the morning: 00 and 4 in the afternoon: 00 feeding grouper feed in the morning of 10: 00 and 5 pm: 00 feeding shrimp feed; the whole breeding process does not feed the scatophagus argus.
(6) Changing water by 5-10cm every day, and changing water 1 time in 15-20 days with water amount of 50-60 cm. The bacillus is added 1 time every 7 days, and the lactobacillus is added 1 time every 3 days to regulate the water quality. Strong chlorine is added for 1 time every 10 days.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that after the high-level mulching film pond and seawater are disinfected, the seedlings of Litopenaeus vannamei, the seedlings of pearl dragon wharf and the seedlings of Gomphasius wallichiana are directly put in without the chlorella and the fermented fertilizer water.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is only that the feeding sequence of the litopenaeus vannamei, the scatophagus argus and the pearl wharf is as follows: 500 tails/mu of 5cm of scatophagus argus seedlings are firstly put in, 5000 tails/mu of 10-12cm of pearl dragon wharf seedlings are put in every 1 day later, and 30000 tails/mu of Litopenaeus vannamei seedlings are finally put in.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is only that the drop density of the scatophagus argus seedlings is 100/mu.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is only that the drop density of the scatophagus argus seedlings is 1000/mu.
Comparative example 5
The difference is only that the putting density of the Litopenaeus vannamei seedlings is 10000 tails/mu as in example 1.
When a large amount of leeches appear in 120 days of the experiment, and when the pearl wharfs are cultured in the later period of 150 days, a large amount of the pearl wharfs die, and the experiment is stopped.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is only that the feeding method is: before the weight of the pearl wharf reaches 100 g/bar, 9 parts per morning: 00 and 5 pm: 00 feeding grouper feed in the morning of 10: 00 and 6 pm: 00 feeding shrimp feed; after the weight of the pearl wharf reaches 100 g/bar, only 9 parts in the morning: 00 feeding grouper feed once in the morning, 10: 00 and 5 pm: 00 feeding shrimp feed; the whole breeding process does not feed the scatophagus argus.
When a large amount of leeches appear in 120 days of the experiment, and when the pearl wharfs are cultured in the later period of 150 days, a large amount of the pearl wharfs die, and the experiment is stopped.
Comparative example 7
The difference from the example 1 is that only the litopenaeus vannamei and the pearl wharfs are put in, and the putting density, the putting sequence and the feeding method are unchanged.
Comparative example 8
The difference is that only the litopenaeus vannamei and the scatophagus argus are put in the feed of the same density, the order of the putting and the feeding method are unchanged from the example 1.
After 215 days of cultivation, the yield data of example 1 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 are shown in table 1, the detection result of moss in the cultivation process is shown in table 2, and the detection result of leech is shown in table 3. As can be seen from tables 1-3, the invention reduces the predation of the pearl wharf on the litopenaeus vannamei and the competition of the scad and the litopenaeus vannamei for food intake by controlling the throwing density and the bait throwing time; the scatophagus argus and the litopenaeus vannamei are fed with leeches, and the feeding density of the method is enough to control the growth of the leeches and reduce the occurrence of parasitic diseases of the leeches of the pearl wharffish; meanwhile, the reasonable culture density of the scatophagus argus can control the growth of the moss, ensure the stability of water quality and improve the utilization rate of bait.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
| Examples/comparative examples | Day 30 | Day 100 | Day 210 |
| Example 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0 | 321 | 890 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example 7 | 28 | 1359 | 2157 |
| Comparative example 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
TABLE 3
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A high-position mulching film pond polyculture method of scatophagus argus, pearl wharfs and litopenaeus vannamei is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sterilizing the high-position mulching film pool and the seawater in the pool;
(2) inoculating chlorella into the disinfected high-level mulching film pool, and adding fermented fertilizer and water;
(3) when the transparency of the seawater in the high-position mulching film pond reaches 140cm, putting litopenaeus vannamei seedlings;
(4) when the Litopenaeus vannamei grows to 2-3cm, the bait and the pearl wharf are put in turn.
2. The polyculture method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the fermented manure water comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 2 portions of fish meal, 8 portions of soybean meal, 4 portions of wheat bran and 1 portion of molasses are added with yeast or lactic acid bacteria for anaerobic fermentation for 3-7 days.
3. The polyculture method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the sterilization treatment specifically comprises: cleaning a high-position mulching film pond, spraying bleaching powder with water to disinfect the pond, exposing the pond for 2 days, then adding seawater, and spraying strong chlorine to disinfect water.
4. The polyculture method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the feeding density of the Litopenaeus vannamei seedlings is 30000 tails/mu.
5. The polyculture method of claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the method for putting the scatophagus argus seedlings and the pearl wharf seedlings comprises the following steps: 500 tails/mu of 5cm of scatophagus argus seedlings are placed first, and 5000 tails/mu of 10-12cm of pearl dragon wharf seedlings are placed every other 1 day.
6. The polyculture method according to claim 1, further comprising the following feeding method: the whole course is 9 in the morning: 00 and 4 in the afternoon: 00 feeding grouper feed in the morning of 10: 00 and 5 pm: 00 feeding shrimp feed; the whole breeding process does not feed the scatophagus argus.
7. The polyculture method according to claim 1, further comprising: changing water by 5-10cm every day; changing water for 1 time in 15-20 days with water amount of 50-60 cm; 1 time of bacillus is added every 7 days; adding lactobacillus every 3 days for 1 time to regulate water quality; strong chlorine is added for 1 time every 10 days.
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| CN202111355829.XA CN113854206A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | High-position mulching film pond mixed culture method for scatophagus argus, pearl wharfs and litopenaeus vannamei |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116235805A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-06-09 | 通威农业发展有限公司 | Efficient and ecological method for mixedly culturing penaeus vannamei boone and longhairy fish |
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| CN102986563A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-03-27 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Method for ecologically poly-culturing fishes with different feeding habits in net cages of shrimp culture pond |
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| CN116235805A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-06-09 | 通威农业发展有限公司 | Efficient and ecological method for mixedly culturing penaeus vannamei boone and longhairy fish |
| CN116235805B (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2024-04-30 | 通威农业发展有限公司 | Efficient and ecological method for mixedly culturing penaeus vannamei boone and longhairy fish |
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