CN109463329A - A kind of cray cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of cray cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109463329A CN109463329A CN201811647724.XA CN201811647724A CN109463329A CN 109463329 A CN109463329 A CN 109463329A CN 201811647724 A CN201811647724 A CN 201811647724A CN 109463329 A CN109463329 A CN 109463329A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 14
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 108010034145 Helminth Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000000013 helminth Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical group ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238030 Procambarus clarkii Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cray cultural methods, educate algae the method includes preparing aquaculture pond, disinfection of cleaning up the pond, training water, carry out feed cultivation at regular time and quantity after launching shrimp seedling, refresh the water periodically and sterilize, launch at the shrimp stage beneficial to microbial inoculum, until capturing.Pass through the aquaculture pond of arrangement covering algae, comfortable growing environment is provided for cray, exposure and disinfection are carried out to aquaculture pond before launching shrimp seedling, it refreshes the water periodically and sterilizes after dispensing, the growth that water body germ and helminth can effectively be inhibited launches beneficial to microbial inoculum at the shrimp stage, improves the speed of growth and survival rate of cray, this method implementation cost is not high, is suitable for promoting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture fields, and in particular to a kind of cray cultural method.
Background technique
Cray (scientific name: Procambarus clarkii) is also referred to as Procambius clarkii, red crayfish and freshwater crayfish, is
A kind of economical fresh water shrimp species, it has the following characteristics that body is fertile greatly；Growth is fast, yield is high；Full of nutrition, fine and tender taste；It is suitable
Ying Xingqiang can survive in bad weather, environment；Feeding habits are miscellaneous, can eat animal fodder, can also eat artifical compound feed and corruption
Grow matter；High financial profit.Cray is stronger to the adaptability of environment, can be in the various water bodys such as lake, pond, stream, rice field
Growth.
Existing cray aquaculture model majority is the extensive cultivation of ditching formula, and rice field is supported altogether etc., and there are per mu yields generally not
High disadvantage, and breeding way is not scientific, the cray of capture there are hormone-contents higher, heavy metals exceeding standard, or even containing posting
Infested and pathogenic bacteria etc., jeopardize the health of eater.
105010183 A of CN discloses a kind of cultural method of cray, including pond construction, training water plantation algae and
Management.Its method used claims the disease resistance that cray can be improved, and promotes the yield of cray, however lacks dependency number
According to as support.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of cray cultural method, provides comfortable life for cray
Long environment inhibits the growth of water body germ and helminth, improves the speed of growth and survival rate of cray, implementation cost is not
Height is suitable for promoting.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of cray cultural method, comprising the following steps:
The preparation of step 1) aquaculture pond: selection illumination condition is good, has abundant water resources, the good pond without industrial pollution of water quality, face
3~6 mu of product, the inlet and outlet in pond are respectively provided with anti-escape network, as aquaculture pond；
Step 2) is cleaned up the pond: the remaining water in the aquaculture pond emptied, bottom of pond is dried, is turned over, ploughed depth 10~
15cm, disinfectant of splashing carry out disinfection；
Step 3) trains water: after to be sterilized dose of lack of toxicity, filled the water by water inlet into aquaculture pond, the depth of water up to 1.0~
Stop water filling after 1.5m, water filling adds commercially available rich water into water after completing and carries out training water；
Step 4) plants algae: planting algae in the aquaculture pond by training water, supports until the area coverage of algae is greater than
Grow the 50~55% of pond entire area；
Step 5) launches cray shrimp seedling: the cray shrimp of the long 0.8~1.0cm of body is launched into processed aquaculture pond
Seedling, throw-in density are 6~80,000 tails/mu；
Step 6) feed is cultivated: after cray seedling is launched, when daily 6~8 and 16~18 when, is respectively primary with feedstuff feeding；
Step 7) changes water: temperature is changed water 1 time for every 6~8 days when being higher than 30 DEG C, is changed water 1 time within usually every 10~15 days, is changed every time
Water is the 20~30% of water, changes measurement water pH value and dissolved oxygen amount before and after water, keeps pH value between 7~8, dissolved oxygen amount needs
Maintain 5~8mg/L；
Step 8) sterilization: it spilled once quick lime and sterilized within every 12~15 days, spilled once bleaching powder within every 30 days；
Step 9) is launched beneficial to microbial inoculum: after cray seedling is launched 1 month, being launched into aquaculture pond within every 10~12 days primary
Beneficial to microbial inoculum, injected volume is 6~10kg per acre；
Step 10) capture: it repeats step 6) and is pulled out to step 9) until cray weight is more than 40g/ tail.
Preferably, the step 2) disinfectant is hypochlorous acid or sodium hypochlorite.
Preferably, the feeding volume that the step 6) feed is cultivated is as follows: the daily feedstuff feeding amount in juvenile prawn stage is juvenile prawn
The 20~30% of weight, the daily feedstuff feeding amount at the shrimp stage are at the 50~60% of shrimp weight.
Preferably, the amount of splashing per acre of the step 8) quick lime is 8~10kg, and the amount of splashing per acre of bleaching powder is 300
~400g.
Preferably, step 9) the beneficial microbial inoculum includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete and nitrobacteria.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
Cray cultural method of the invention provides comfortable life by the aquaculture pond of arrangement covering algae for cray
Long environment carries out exposure and disinfection to aquaculture pond before launching shrimp seedling, refreshes the water periodically and sterilize after dispensing, can effectively inhibit water body
The growth of germ and helminth launches beneficial to microbial inoculum at the shrimp stage, improves the speed of growth and survival rate of cray, this method
Implementation cost is not high, is suitable for promoting.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cray cultural method, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of aquaculture pond: selection illumination condition is good, has abundant water resources, the good pond without industrial pollution of water quality, area 3
Mu, the inlet and outlet in pond are respectively provided with anti-escape network, as aquaculture pond.
(2) it cleans up the pond: the remaining water in the aquaculture pond being emptied, bottom of pond is dried, is turned over, ploughed depth 10cm splashes
Hypochlorous acid or sodium hypochlorite carry out disinfection.
(3) it trains water: after to be sterilized dose of lack of toxicity, being filled the water by water inlet into aquaculture pond, the depth of water stops after reaching 1.0m
Water filling, water filling add commercially available rich water into water after completing and carry out training water.
(4) it plants algae: planting algae in the aquaculture pond by training water, until the area coverage of algae is greater than aquaculture pond
The 50% of entire area.
(5) it launches cray shrimp seedling: launching the cray shrimp seedling of the long 0.8~1.0cm of body into processed aquaculture pond, throw
Putting density is 60,000 tails/mu.
(6) feed is cultivated: after cray seedling is launched, respectively primary with feedstuff feeding, children when daily 6~8 and when 16~18
The daily feedstuff feeding amount in shrimp stage is the 20% of juvenile prawn weight, and the daily feedstuff feeding amount at the shrimp stage is at the 50 of shrimp weight
~55%.
(7) change water: temperature is changed water 1 time for every 8 days when being higher than 30 DEG C, is changed water 1 time within usually every 15 days, and each quantity of exchanged water is water
30%, change measurement water pH value and dissolved oxygen amount before and after water, keep pH value between 7~8, maintain dissolved oxygen amount to exist using aerator
5mg/L or so.
(8) it sterilizes: spilled once quick lime and sterilized within every 15 days, the amount of splashing is 10kg per acre；It spilled once within every 30 days
Bleaching powder, the amount of splashing is 300g per acre.
(9) it launches beneficial to microbial inoculum: after cray seedling is launched 1 month, a beneficial bacterium is launched into aquaculture pond within every 10 days
Agent, injected volume are 6kg per acre.
The beneficial microbial inoculum includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete and nitrobacteria etc..
(10) it captures: repeating (6) to (9), until cray weight is more than 40g/ tail, pull out.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cray cultural method, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of aquaculture pond: selection illumination condition is good, has abundant water resources, the good pond without industrial pollution of water quality, area 6
Mu, the inlet and outlet in pond are respectively provided with anti-escape network, as aquaculture pond.
(2) it cleans up the pond: the remaining water in the aquaculture pond being emptied, bottom of pond is dried, is turned over, ploughed depth 15cm splashes
Hypochlorous acid or sodium hypochlorite carry out disinfection.
(3) it trains water: after to be sterilized dose of lack of toxicity, being filled the water by water inlet into aquaculture pond, the depth of water stops after reaching 1.5m
Water filling, water filling add commercially available rich water into water after completing and carry out training water.
(4) it plants algae: planting algae in the aquaculture pond by training water, until the area coverage of algae is greater than aquaculture pond
The 50~55% of entire area.
(5) it launches cray shrimp seedling: launching the cray shrimp seedling of the long 0.8~1.0cm of body into processed aquaculture pond, throw
Putting density is 80,000 tails/mu.
(6) feed is cultivated: after cray seedling is launched, respectively primary with feedstuff feeding, children when daily 6~8 and when 16~18
The daily feedstuff feeding amount in shrimp stage is the 30% of juvenile prawn weight, and the daily feedstuff feeding amount at the shrimp stage is into shrimp weight
60%.
(7) change water: temperature is changed water 1 time for every 6 days when being higher than 30 DEG C, is changed water 1 time within usually every 10 days, and each quantity of exchanged water is water
20%, change measurement water pH value and dissolved oxygen amount before and after water, keep pH value between 7~8, maintain dissolved oxygen amount to exist using aerator
8mg/L or so.
(8) it sterilizes: spilled once quick lime and sterilized within every 12 days, the amount of splashing is 8kg per acre；It spilled once drift within every 30 days
White powder, the amount of splashing is 400g per acre.
(9) it launches beneficial to microbial inoculum: after cray seedling is launched 1 month, a beneficial bacterium is launched into aquaculture pond within every 12 days
Agent, injected volume are 10kg per acre.
The beneficial microbial inoculum includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete and nitrobacteria etc..
(10) it captures: repeating (6) to (9), until cray weight is more than 40g/ tail, pull out.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cray cultural method, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of aquaculture pond: selection illumination condition is good, has abundant water resources, the good pond without industrial pollution of water quality, area 5
Mu, the inlet and outlet in pond are respectively provided with anti-escape network, as aquaculture pond.
(2) it cleans up the pond: the remaining water in the aquaculture pond being emptied, bottom of pond is dried, is turned over, ploughed depth 12cm splashes
Hypochlorous acid or sodium hypochlorite carry out disinfection.
(3) it trains water: after to be sterilized dose of lack of toxicity, being filled the water by water inlet into aquaculture pond, the depth of water stops after reaching 1.2m
Water filling, water filling add commercially available rich water into water after completing and carry out training water.
(4) it plants algae: planting algae in the aquaculture pond by training water, until the area coverage of algae is greater than aquaculture pond
The 50~55% of entire area.
(5) it launches cray shrimp seedling: launching the cray shrimp seedling of the long 0.8~1.0cm of body into processed aquaculture pond, throw
Putting density is 70,000 tails/mu.
(6) feed is cultivated: after cray seedling is launched, respectively primary with feedstuff feeding, children when daily 6~8 and when 16~18
The daily feedstuff feeding amount in shrimp stage is the 25% of juvenile prawn weight, and the daily feedstuff feeding amount at the shrimp stage is into shrimp weight
55%.
(7) change water: temperature is changed water 1 time for every 7 days when being higher than 30 DEG C, is changed water 1 time within usually every 12 days, and each quantity of exchanged water is water
25%, change measurement water pH value and dissolved oxygen amount before and after water, keep pH value between 7~8, maintain dissolved oxygen amount to exist using aerator
6mg/L or so.
(8) it sterilizes: spilled once quick lime and sterilized within every 14 days, the amount of splashing is 9kg per acre；It spilled once drift within every 30 days
White powder, the amount of splashing is 350g per acre.
(9) it launches beneficial to microbial inoculum: after cray seedling is launched 1 month, a beneficial bacterium is launched into aquaculture pond within every 11 days
Agent, injected volume are 8kg per acre.
The beneficial microbial inoculum includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete and nitrobacteria etc..
(10) it captures: repeating (6) to (9), until cray weight is more than 40g/ tail, pull out.
Test case 1
Early June cultivates cray using the method for Examples 1 to 3, launches the cray of the long 0.8~1.0cm of body per acre
50,000 tail of shrimp seedling does not limit the capture weight of cray, and after 3 months, the cray cultivated the method for Examples 1 to 3 is united
Meter, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 cray of table cultivates condition survey
From the data in table 1, it can be seen that the cray raised using cultural method of the invention, survival rate is high, and individual weight is big, supports
It grows that the time is shorter, and up to 2000kg or more, implementation cost is not high for per mu yield, is suitable for promoting.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of cray cultural method, which comprises the following steps:
The preparation of step 1) aquaculture pond: selection illumination condition is good, has abundant water resources, the good pond without industrial pollution of water quality, and area 3~
6 mu, the inlet and outlet in pond are respectively provided with anti-escape network, as aquaculture pond；
Step 2) is cleaned up the pond: the remaining water in the aquaculture pond being emptied, bottom of pond is dried, is turned over, 10~15cm of ploughed depth sprinkles
Disinfectant is spilt to carry out disinfection；
Step 3) trains water: after to be sterilized dose of lack of toxicity, being filled the water by water inlet into aquaculture pond, the depth of water is up to after 1.0~1.5m
Stop water filling, water filling adds commercially available rich water into water after completing and carries out training water；
Step 4) plants algae: algae is planted in the aquaculture pond by training water, until the area coverage of algae is greater than aquaculture pond
The 50~55% of entire area；
Step 5) launches cray shrimp seedling: launching the cray shrimp seedling of the long 0.8~1.0cm of body into processed aquaculture pond, throws
Putting density is 6~80,000 tails/mu；
Step 6) feed is cultivated: after cray seedling is launched, when daily 6~8 and 16~18 when, is respectively primary with feedstuff feeding；
Step 7) changes water: temperature is changed water 1 time for every 6~8 days when being higher than 30 DEG C, changes water 1 time within usually every 10~15 days, each quantity of exchanged water
It is the 20~30% of water, changes measurement water pH value and dissolved oxygen amount before and after water, keep pH value between 7~8, dissolved oxygen amount needs to maintain
In 5~8mg/L；
Step 8) sterilization: it spilled once quick lime and sterilized within every 12~15 days, spilled once bleaching powder within every 30 days；Step 9) is thrown
It is placed with beneficial bacteria agent: after cray seedling is launched 1 month, being launched into aquaculture pond once beneficial to microbial inoculum, injected volume within every 10~12 days
For 6~10kg per acre；
Step 10) capture: it repeats step 6) and is pulled out to step 9) until cray weight is more than 40g/ tail.
2. a kind of cray cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2) disinfectant is time chlorine
Acid or sodium hypochlorite.
3. a kind of cray cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the throwing that the step 6) feed is cultivated
It is as follows to feed amount: the daily feedstuff feeding amount in juvenile prawn stage is the 20~30% of juvenile prawn weight, at the daily feedstuff feeding in shrimp stage
Amount is at the 50~60% of shrimp weight.
4. a kind of cray cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 8) quick lime is per acre
The amount of splashing is 8~10kg, and the amount of splashing per acre of bleaching powder is 300~400g.
5. a kind of cray cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 9) the beneficial microbial inoculum includes
Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete and nitrobacteria.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110352876A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-22 | 山东大洋农牧科技发展有限公司 | A kind of environmental health type freshwater fish culturing method |
| CN110731284A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-31 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | Ecological breeding method for crayfishes |
| CN111802289A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-23 | 裴启文 | Crayfish breeding method |
| CN113545265A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-10-26 | 中山市农业科技推广中心 | Australia crayfish rice field co-farming cultivation method |
| CN114568383A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-03 | 湖南腾阳生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for adjusting water quality by using microorganisms to realize zero emission of aquaculture |
| CN114644433A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-21 | 湖南腾阳生物科技股份有限公司 | Ecological cycle high-efficiency tail water treatment method |
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| CN114568383A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-03 | 湖南腾阳生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for adjusting water quality by using microorganisms to realize zero emission of aquaculture |
| CN114644433A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-21 | 湖南腾阳生物科技股份有限公司 | Ecological cycle high-efficiency tail water treatment method |
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