CN113854040A - Three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks - Google Patents

Three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks Download PDF

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CN113854040A
CN113854040A CN202111251435.XA CN202111251435A CN113854040A CN 113854040 A CN113854040 A CN 113854040A CN 202111251435 A CN202111251435 A CN 202111251435A CN 113854040 A CN113854040 A CN 113854040A
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何开琦
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Hainan Guigengtian Agriculture Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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    • A01G22/22—Rice
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional rice, fish and duck breeding method, which is characterized in that a fish pond is arranged at the downstream of a water inlet, a duck shed is arranged at a water outlet, aquatic plants are planted in a ditch, the situation that ducks move in a rice field to pollute a breeding water body is avoided, the time for releasing and collecting the ducks is controlled, the moving space of the fishes and ducks is separated, the friendly symbiosis of the fishes and the ducks is realized, and the unbalance of an ecological system is avoided; arrowheads are planted in the ditches to provide places for daytime activities of fishes, the arrowheads can also be used as feed, the arrowheads are planted on one side, close to a rice field, of the annular ditch, duck manure and ducks in the rice field are prevented from entering culture water, and goldfish algae are planted at the bottoms of the ditches to provide food for the fishes, purify the water, keep good water quality conditions and avoid the water enrichment phenomenon.

Description

Three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological planting and breeding, in particular to a three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks.
Background
The rice, fish and duck symbiotic system is an agricultural ecosystem which develops for a long time in the south of China, has no chemical pesticide put in during planting and breeding, has an important protection effect on the surrounding ecological environment, makes full use of land resources, is a traditional agricultural mode which is intensely stored by experts of various countries, and has great significance for producing healthy and safe green food.
Chinese patent CN109526810A A method for co-culturing rice, fish and duck comprises seven steps of field reconstruction, water body disinfection, rice cultivation, fish and duck stocking, field management, harvesting and returning rice straw to field, and through fine management of time, space and culture scale, rice, fish and duck can be harmoniously co-located.
Chinese patent CN113229079A ecological control method suitable for large-area ternary asymmetric co-farming of rice, fish and duck, prevents ducks from entering shrimp ditches and damaging specially-arranged ridges by installing specially-made screening fence, stocking the ducks after rice field planting (after transplanting for 20 days), allowing crayfishes to freely move in the rice fields and shrimp ponds, and realizing the asymmetric symbiotic feeding of diseases, pests and weeds of the rice, the crayfishes and the ducks by jointly feeding the diseased cordyceps and the crayfishes.
However, the existing symbiotic system of rice, fish and duck has the following problems: firstly, water pollution is caused, although natural animal and plant feeds are provided for ducks by weeds, insects and the like bred in a rice field, in order to ensure that the ducks have sufficient nutrition, the auxiliary feeds still need to be fed, the area of the rice field is large, and the water pollution is easily caused by the feeding of the auxiliary feeds; secondly, high-density culture is carried out, the organic matter consumption in water is large, the dissolved oxygen is small, the anaerobic bacteria decomposition products are increased, the ammonia nitrogen content in water is continuously increased, the proportion of nutritive salts in water is unbalanced, the water quality is deteriorated, the cost is increased by using a large amount of medicines, water quality modifiers and the like, the quality of aquaculture products is influenced, excessive duck manure and fish are easily produced in the high-density culture, the water body is eutrophicated, the fish are easily killed due to oxygen deficiency, and harmful microorganisms and germs in the water are also bred; thirdly, the fed fishes and ducks are unreasonable in proportion, so that the ecological system is unbalanced, the water quality of the water body is deteriorated, and various diseases of the fishes and the ducks are indirectly caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks.
The invention discloses a three-dimensional planting and breeding method of rice, fish and ducks, which comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a duck shed is arranged at the water outlet; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping;
s2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field, and planting aquatic plants in the annular ditches;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are planted for 5-10 days, putting the seedlings into a fishpond, and after the seedlings are planted for 10-16 days, breeding ducklings in a rice field;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 5-10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 3-6 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 8-13 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 3-5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period;
fish culture management: feeding zooplankton into the fish pond every 5-6 days;
duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, before laying ducks and after collecting the ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting laying the ducks;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Furthermore, the width of the trench is 1.0-1.1 m, and the depth is 1-1.5 m.
Further, the width of the fishpond is 1-2 m, the depth of the fishpond is 1.5-2 m, and the fishpond is as long as a rice field.
Further, the row spacing of the rice field planting is 25-30 cm, and the planting spacing is 20-25 cm.
Further, planting arrowheads on one side, close to the rice field, of the annular ditch and planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch for the aquatic plants; the planting area of the arrowheads is 10-12% of the water surface area of the ditch; the planting area of the golden fish algae is 43-56% of the area of the bottom of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located.
Further, the fry is 18-35 day old bream fry; the putting amount of the fry is 6-12 tails/m3。
Further, the ducklings are 10-15 days old ducklings; the putting amount of the ducklings is 14-17 ducklings per mu.
Furthermore, the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3 (5-6).
Furthermore, the input amount of the zooplankton is 10-20 zooplankton/m3。
Further, the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of bananas, 2-4 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 1-3 parts of peanut oil, 0.02-0.05 part of lysine and 0.01-0.06 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 0.6-1.1% of the weight of the duck.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the three-dimensional rice, fish and duck breeding method, the fish pond is arranged at the downstream of the water inlet, the duck shed is arranged at the water outlet, the aquatic plants are planted in the ditch, the situation that ducks move in the rice field to pollute the aquaculture water body is avoided, the moving space of the fishes and ducks is separated by controlling the duck releasing and collecting time, the friendly symbiosis of the fishes and the ducks is realized, and the imbalance of an ecological system is avoided.
The arrowheads are planted in the ditches to provide places for daytime activities of fishes and ducks, the arrowheads can also be used as feed, the arrowheads are planted on one side, close to a rice field, of the annular ditch to prevent duck manure and ducks in the rice field from entering a cultivation water body, and the hornworts are planted at the bottoms of the ditches to provide food for the fishes, purify the water body, keep good water quality conditions and avoid the water body enrichment phenomenon.
According to the invention, the auxiliary feed comprising bananas, ficus auriculata leaves, lysine and cysteine is fed after the ducks are put and collected, so that the ducks are promoted to absorb and utilize food which is foraged and ingested in a rice field, the nutrition imbalance is avoided, and the growth of the ducks is promoted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of rice, fish and duck breeding in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a water inlet; 2-a trench; 3-arrowhead planting area; 4-paddy field; 5-water outlet; 6-duck shed; 7-a fish pond;
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The rice planted in the following examples of the invention is profound excellence 9594;
example 1
A three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a duck shed is arranged at the water outlet; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping; the width of the trench is 1.1m, and the depth of the trench is 1.5 m; the width of the fishpond is 2m, the depth of the fishpond is 2m, and the fishpond is as long as the paddy field
S2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field with the row spacing of 25cm and the plant spacing of 20cm, planting arrowheads on one side of the annular ditch close to the rice field, wherein the planting area of the arrowheads is 12% of the water surface area of the ditch, planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch, and the planting area of the golden fish algae is 56% of the bottom area of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are planted for 5 days, putting bream seedlings with the age of 18-23 days into the fish pond; the putting amount is 12 tails/m3After 10 days of field planting, breeding ducklings of 10 days old in the rice field; the putting amount of the ducklings is 14 ducklings/mu;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 3 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 8 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 3 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period; the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3: 6;
fish culture management: feeding rotifers into the fish pond every 5-6 days, wherein the input amount is 10 rotifers/m3
Duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, before laying ducks and after collecting the ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting laying the ducks; the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bananas, 2 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 1 part of peanut oil, 0.02 part of lysine and 0.01 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 1.1% of the weight of the duck;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Example 2
A three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a duck shed is arranged at the water outlet; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping; the width of the trench is 1.0m, and the depth of the trench is 1 m; the width of the fishpond is 1m, the depth of the fishpond is 2m, and the fishpond is as long as the paddy field
S2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field with the row spacing of 30cm and the plant spacing of 25cm, planting arrowheads on one side of the annular ditch close to the rice field, wherein the planting area of the arrowheads is 10% of the water surface area of the ditch, planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch, and the planting area of the golden fish algae is 43% of the bottom area of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are fixedly planted for 5 days, putting bream seedlings with the age of 28-35 days into a fish pond; the putting amount is 8 tails/m3After 15 days of field planting, breeding the ducklings of 15 days old in the rice field; the putting amount of the ducklings is 16 ducks per mu;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 8 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 4 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period; the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3: 5;
fish culture management: feeding rotifers into the fish pond every 5-6 days, wherein the input amount is 18 rotifers/m3
Duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, before laying ducks and after collecting the ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting laying the ducks; the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of bananas, 2 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 2 parts of peanut oil, 0.03 part of lysine and 0.05 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 0.8 percent of the weight of the duck;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Example 3
A three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a duck shed is arranged at the water outlet; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping; the width of the trench is 1.0m, and the depth of the trench is 1 m; the width of the fishpond is 1m, the depth of the fishpond is 2m, and the fishpond is as long as the paddy field
S2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field with the row spacing of 30cm and the plant spacing of 25cm, planting typha on one side of the annular ditch close to the rice field, wherein the planting area of the typha is 10% of the water surface area of the ditch, planting goldfish algae at the bottom of the ditch, and the planting area of the goldfish algae is 43% of the bottom area of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are fixedly planted for 5 days, putting bream seedlings with the age of 28-35 days into a fish pond; the putting amount is 8 tails/m3After 15 days of field planting, breeding the ducklings of 15 days old in the rice field; the putting amount of the ducklings is 16 ducks per mu;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 8 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 4 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period; the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3: 5;
fish culture management: feeding rotifers into the fish pond every 5-6 days, wherein the input amount is 18 rotifers/m3
Duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, before laying ducks and after collecting the ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting laying the ducks; the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of bananas, 2 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 2 parts of peanut oil, 0.03 part of lysine and 0.05 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 0.8 percent of the weight of the duck;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Example 4
A three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a duck shed is arranged at the water outlet; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping; the width of the trench is 1.0m, and the depth of the trench is 1 m; the width of the fishpond is 2m, the depth of the fishpond is 2m, and the fishpond is as long as the paddy field
S2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field with the row spacing of 30cm and the plant spacing of 25cm, planting arrowheads on one side of each ditch of the annular ditch close to the rice field, wherein the planting area of the arrowheads is 10% of the water surface area of the ditch, planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch, and the planting area of the golden fish algae is 43% of the bottom area of the ditch;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are fixedly planted for 5 days, putting bream seedlings with the age of 28-35 days into a fish pond; the putting amount is 8 tails/m3After 15 days of field planting, breeding the ducklings of 15 days old in the rice field; the putting amount of the ducklings is 16 ducks per mu;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 8 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 4 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period; the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3: 5;
fish culture management: feeding rotifers into the fish pond every 5-6 days, wherein the input amount is 18 rotifers/m3
Duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, before laying ducks and after collecting the ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting laying the ducks; the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of bananas, 2 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 2 parts of peanut oil, 0.03 part of lysine and 0.05 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 0.8 percent of the weight of the duck;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Example 5
A three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a duck shed is arranged at the water outlet; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping; the width of the trench is 1.0m, and the depth of the trench is 1 m; the width of the fishpond is 1m, the depth of the fishpond is 2m, and the fishpond is as long as the paddy field
S2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field with the row spacing of 30cm and the plant spacing of 25cm, planting arrowheads on one side of the annular ditch close to the rice field, wherein the planting area of the arrowheads is 10% of the water surface area of the ditch, planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch, and the planting area of the golden fish algae is 43% of the bottom area of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are fixedly planted for 5 days, putting bream seedlings with the age of 28-35 days into a fish pond; the putting amount is 8 tails/m3After 15 days of field planting, breeding the ducklings of 15 days old in the rice field; the putting amount of the ducklings is 16 ducks per mu;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 8 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 4 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period; the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3: 5;
fish culture management: feeding rotifers into the fish pond every 5-6 days, wherein the input amount is 18 rotifers/m3
Duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, after receiving ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting the free-ranging ducks, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting the free-ranging ducks; the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of banana, 0.03 part of lysine and 0.05 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 0.8 percent of the weight of the duck;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Example 6
A three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a duck shed is arranged at the water outlet; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping; the width of the trench is 1.0m, and the depth of the trench is 1 m; the width of the fishpond is 1m, the depth of the fishpond is 2m, and the fishpond is as long as the paddy field
S2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field with the row spacing of 30cm and the plant spacing of 25cm, planting arrowheads on one side of the annular ditch close to the rice field, wherein the planting area of the arrowheads is 10% of the water surface area of the ditch, planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch, and the planting area of the golden fish algae is 43% of the bottom area of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are fixedly planted for 5 days, putting bream seedlings with the age of 28-35 days into a fish pond; the putting amount is 8 tails/m3After 15 days of field planting, breeding the ducklings of 15 days old in the rice field; the putting amount of the ducklings is 16 ducks per mu;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 8 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, 10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, 5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and 6 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period; the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3: 5;
fish culture management: feeding rotifers into the fish pond every 5-6 days, wherein the input amount is 18 rotifers/m3
Duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, before laying ducks and after collecting the ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting laying the ducks; the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of bananas, 2 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 2 parts of peanut oil, 0.03 part of lysine and 0.05 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 0.8 percent of the weight of the duck;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Example 7
A three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on the ditches of the annular ditches, digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches, and building a duck shed beside the other annular ditch; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the duck shed is positioned beside the ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch communicated with the fish pond; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping; the width of the trench is 1.0m, and the depth of the trench is 1 m; the width of the fishpond is 1m, the depth of the fishpond is 2m, and the fishpond is as long as the paddy field
S2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field with the row spacing of 30cm and the plant spacing of 25cm, planting arrowheads on one side of the annular ditch close to the rice field, wherein the planting area of the arrowheads is 10% of the water surface area of the ditch, planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch, and the planting area of the golden fish algae is 43% of the bottom area of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are fixedly planted for 5 days, putting bream seedlings with the age of 28-35 days into a fish pond; the putting amount is 8 tails/m3After 15 days of field planting, breeding the ducklings of 15 days old in the rice field; the putting amount of the ducklings is 16 ducks per mu;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 8 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 4 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period; the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3: 5;
fish culture management: feeding rotifers into the fish pond every 5-6 days, wherein the input amount is 18 rotifers/m3
Duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, before laying ducks and after collecting the ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting laying the ducks; the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of bananas, 2 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 2 parts of peanut oil, 0.03 part of lysine and 0.05 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 0.8 percent of the weight of the duck;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Example 8
A three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice, fish and ducks comprises the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; the fence is arranged outside the annular ditch, so that ducks can be prevented from escaping; the width of the trench is 1.0m, and the depth of the trench is 1 m; the width of the fishpond is 1m, the depth of the fishpond is 2m, and the fishpond is as long as the paddy field
S2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field with the row spacing of 30cm and the plant spacing of 25cm, planting arrowheads on one side of the annular ditch close to the rice field, wherein the planting area of the arrowheads is 10% of the water surface area of the ditch, planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch, and the planting area of the golden fish algae is 43% of the bottom area of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are fixedly planted for 5 days, putting bream seedlings with the age of 28-35 days into a fish pond; the putting amount is 8 tails/m3After 15 days of field planting, breeding the ducklings of 15 days old in the rice field; the putting amount of the ducklings is 16 ducks per mu;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 8 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 4 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period; the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3: 5;
fish culture management: feeding rotifers into the fish pond every 5-6 days, wherein the input amount is 18 rotifers/m3
Duck breeding management: feeding auxiliary feed every 7 days in the rice field, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of no duck breeding; the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of bananas, 2 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 2 parts of peanut oil, 0.03 part of lysine and 0.05 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 1.5 percent of the weight of the duck;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
Test example 1 seed culture effect
2018 in Longhua area of Haikou city, Hainan province, adopting the method of examples 1-8 to carry out a three-dimensional planting and breeding test on rice, fish and ducks, wherein each group of test is 0.5 mu, the morbidity is calculated by recording the morbidity of the rice, the fish and the ducks in the planting and breeding process, the yield is calculated after the rice is harvested, the average weight of the fish is measured, the average weight of the ducks is measured after the ducks are bred to be mature, and the results are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 planting and raising effects
Figure BDA0003322640400000121
Figure BDA0003322640400000131
As can be seen from Table 1, the planting and breeding effects of the rice, the fish and the duck in the embodiments 1-2 are optimal, the rice yield is high, the weight of the fish and the duck after breeding is high, and the morbidity of the rice, the fish and the duck is low, so that the planting and breeding method can realize symbiotic planting and breeding of the rice, the fish and the duck, and the planting and breeding effects are good.
Compared with the example 1, the examples 3-4 show that the aquatic plants and the planting places have influence on the weight of the fish and the duck, and the incidence rate of the rice, the fish and the duck can be reduced.
Example 5 compared to example 1, it is shown that the present invention of the supplemental feed and feeding method can increase the average weight of ducks.
Compared with example 1, the application method of the organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention is shown in example 6, so that the yield of rice can be increased, and the incidence rate of fish can be reduced.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiments 7-8 show that the field preparation and duck stocking method can improve the breeding effect of the rice, fish and ducks, reduce the morbidity of the rice, fish and ducks and realize the mutual benefit symbiosis of the rice, fish and ducks.
Test example 2 Water quality Condition detection
After harvesting the rice, determining the water quality condition of the fishpond;
and (3) measuring the ammonia nitrogen content in the water body: the method is carried out according to HJ 535 + 2009 Nanshi reagent spectrophotometry for measuring ammonia nitrogen in water quality;
and (3) determination of the phosphorus content in the water body: performing the measurement according to HJ 671-2013 flow injection-ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry for measuring total phosphorus in water;
and (3) measuring the potassium content in the water body: the method is carried out according to GB 11900-1989, potassium borohydride-silver nitrate spectrophotometry for measuring trace arsenic in water quality;
and (3) measuring the dissolved oxygen in water: the method is carried out according to GB/T7489-1987 iodine content determination method for water dissolved oxygen;
TABLE 2 Water quality measurement results
Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 7 Example 8
Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) 0.18 0.16 0.23 0.58 0.43
Phosphorus (mg/L) 0.21 0.18 1.17 0.96 0.36
Potassium (mg/L) 0.85 0.77 0.93 1.02 0.81
Dissolved oxygen (mg/L) 7.6 8.2 3.5 4.4 5.2
According to the determination results, after the planting and breeding are finished, the culture water body can still keep better water quality conditions, the content of ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is lower, the dissolved oxygen is normal, and water enrichment cannot occur, in example 3, arrowheads are replaced by cattail, the water quality purification effect is poor, the content of ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is higher, in examples 7-8, the fish and duck culture cannot be separated, the duck life pollutes the culture water body of the fish, and the ecological imbalance of the fish and duck is caused.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A three-dimensional rice, fish and duck breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, field preparation: digging annular ditches around the rice field, arranging a water inlet and a water outlet on a ditch of the annular ditches, and digging a fish pond beside one of the annular ditches; the fish pond is communicated with the ditch; the water inlet is arranged on the ditch on the left side of the fishpond; the water outlet is arranged on a ditch which is not adjacent to the ditch where the water inlet is arranged; a duck shed is arranged at the water outlet; a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet;
s2, rice field pretreatment: breeding ducks in the rice field 2-3 days before the rice seedlings are grown, harvesting the ducks after the breeding for 5-8 days, preparing soil, and disinfecting the rice field and the annular ditch;
s3, planting rice: after 8-10 days of disinfection, planting the seedlings grown in the step S2 in the rice field, and planting aquatic plants in the annular ditches;
s4, stocking the fishes and the ducks: after the seedlings are planted for 5-10 days, putting the seedlings into a fishpond, and after the seedlings are planted for 10-16 days, breeding ducklings in a rice field;
s5, field management
Rice management: applying 5-10 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the rice green turning period, applying 3-6 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the tillering period, applying 8-13 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the jointing period and applying 3-5 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the maturing period;
fish culture management: feeding zooplankton into the fish pond every 5-6 days;
duck breeding management: the duck releasing time is 9 in the morning: 00-10: 00, the duck receiving time is 16: 00-17: 00, before laying ducks and after collecting the ducks every day, feeding auxiliary feed in a duck shed, and feeding concentrated feed during the period of prohibiting laying the ducks;
s6, harvesting: after the duck is mature, harvesting the duck, and stocking new ducklings; after the rice is mature, the ducks are forbidden to be put and raised, after the rice is harvested, the ducks are continued to be put and raised, and the ducklings are not put and raised before the next batch of rice is planted; after the fish is mature, the fish is caught and enlarged.
2. The three-dimensional rice, fish and duck breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trench has a width of 1.0-1.1 m and a depth of 1-1.5 m.
3. The three-dimensional rice, fish and duck breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the fishpond is 1-2 m, the depth of the fishpond is 1.5-2 m, and the fishpond is as long as a rice field.
4. The three-dimensional rice, fish and duck breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein row spacing of rice field planting is 25-30 cm, and plant spacing is 20-25 cm.
5. The three-dimensional cultivation method of rice, fish and duck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aquatic plants are planted by planting arrowheads on one side of an annular ditch close to the rice field and planting golden fish algae at the bottom of the ditch; the planting area of the arrowheads is 10-12% of the water surface area of the ditch; the planting area of the golden fish algae is 43-56% of the area of the bottom of the ditch; the planting points of the aquatic plants are a ditch where the water inlet is located and a ditch connected with the ditch where the water inlet is located.
6. The three-dimensional breeding method of rice, fish and ducks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fry is 18-35 day old bream fry; the putting amount of the fry is 6-12 tails/m3。
7. The three-dimensional breeding method of rice, fish and ducks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ducklings are 10-15 days old ducklings; the putting amount of the ducklings is 14-17 ducklings per mu.
8. The stereoscopic rice, fish and duck breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content ratio of N, P, K in the organic fertilizer is 3:3 (5-6).
9. The three-dimensional breeding method of rice, fish and duck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input amount of zooplankton is 10-20/m3。
10. The stereoscopic planting method of the rice, the fish and the duck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the auxiliary feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of bananas, 2-4 parts of ficus auriculata leaves, 1-3 parts of peanut oil, 0.02-0.05 part of lysine and 0.01-0.06 part of cysteine; the feeding amount of the auxiliary feed is 0.6-1.1% of the weight of the duck.
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