CN113845393A - Cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes - Google Patents

Cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113845393A
CN113845393A CN202111269844.2A CN202111269844A CN113845393A CN 113845393 A CN113845393 A CN 113845393A CN 202111269844 A CN202111269844 A CN 202111269844A CN 113845393 A CN113845393 A CN 113845393A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
selenium
seeds
fertilizer
rich
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CN202111269844.2A
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Inventor
程招星
程康
彭章伟
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Lushan Lvyou Ecological Agriculture Development Co ltd
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Lushan Lvyou Ecological Agriculture Development Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111269844.2A priority Critical patent/CN113845393A/en
Publication of CN113845393A publication Critical patent/CN113845393A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12Granules or flakes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes, belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, and comprises the following steps: seed treatment: selecting radish seeds with good local adaptability, placing 700 times of prepared liquid with 600-fold high-fat membrane into a container to soak the seeds, pouring the radish seeds with bristles removed by kneading, stirring while pouring, and soaking for 30-50 minutes; taking out the soaked radish seeds from the new high fat membrane solution, immediately washing with clear water for 3-4 times, and cleaning the seeds for later use; weighing the raw materials of the covering fertilizer, wherein the following raw materials in parts by weight are weighed: 22-65 parts of crop straw and 5-9 parts of straw humic acid; the invention provides a good growth environment for the radishes, ensures nutrition required by growth, ensures that the selenium element in the radishes is not limited by land, can better control the selenium content in the radishes and plants the radishes with uniform selenium content.

Description

Cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes.
Background
Radish is also named radish and vegetable head, belongs to cruciferae and radish, is cultivated in China and all places, has extremely many varieties, is commonly seen as carrot, green radish, white radish, summer radish, Xinlimei and the like, is eaten by roots, is one of main vegetables in China, contains 42 percent of oil in seeds, can be used for preparing soap or lubricating oil, can be used as medicines for seeds, fresh roots and leaves, has the functions of depressing qi and removing food retention, and contains amylase for raw radish, and can help digestion.
Selenium is called 'fire of life', 'eyesight-protecting spirit', 'liver-protecting spirit' and 'anticancer king' by the medical and nutritional circles, and the quantity of absorption and utilization of selenium by animals and plants is very small, but the effect is very large, so the scholars are also called 'miraculous element' and 'life spirit', and are determined as one of trace elements necessary for human bodies by the health organization of the united nations.
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the requirement on health is higher and higher, the demand of pollution-free selenium-rich agricultural products in the market is increasing day by day, some radishes are planted on the selenium-rich plots at present, but the selenium element in the selenium-rich plots is not uniformly distributed, so that the selenium content and the quality of the planted agricultural products are different, and therefore the pollution-free selenium-rich radish cultivation method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes, overcomes the defects of the prior art and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes comprises the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting radish seeds with good local adaptability, placing 700 times of prepared liquid with 600-fold high-fat membrane into a container to soak the seeds, pouring the radish seeds with bristles removed by kneading, stirring while pouring, and soaking for 30-50 minutes;
s2, fishing out the soaked radish seeds from the new high-fat membrane solution, immediately washing the radish seeds for 3-4 times by using clear water, and washing the radish seeds for later use;
s3, weighing the raw materials of the covering fertilizer, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22-65 parts of crop straws, 5-9 parts of straw humic acid, 8-14 parts of a compound microbial agent, 15-44 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 12-18 parts of rapeseed cakes, 18-28 parts of a selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 6-9 parts of a soil conditioner;
s4, adding water into crop straws, straw humic acid, a compound microbial agent, livestock and poultry manure and rapeseed cakes, mixing and fermenting to obtain a mixed material A;
s5, mixing and stirring the fertilizer mixture A prepared in the step S4 with the selenium-rich organic fertilizer and the soil conditioner to obtain a mixed material B;
s6, covering fertilizer and granulating: drying the mixed material B, then crushing, feeding into a disc, spraying and humidifying by a humidifier, bonding into granules at the bottom of the disc by the force generated by mutual friction between the disc and the inner wall, finally drying again and screening to obtain a coated fertilizer;
s7, sowing, namely covering 2-3 seeds in each hole with a covering fertilizer, watering after sowing, and then covering a mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation to promote the germination of seeds;
and S8, field management.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in step S3, the crop straws are crushed before being weighed, the straws are put into a hammer type straw crusher, and the straws are crushed by the hammer type straw crusher to form granular materials.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the step S3, the preparation of the covering fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24-60 parts of crop straws, 6-8 parts of straw humic acid, 9-12 parts of a compound microbial agent, 20-40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 13-17 parts of rapeseed cakes, 19-26 parts of a selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 6-8 parts of a soil conditioner.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the step S3, the preparation of the covering fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44 parts of crop straws, 7 parts of straw humic acid, 11 parts of compound microbial agent, 30 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 parts of rapeseed cakes, 23 parts of selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 8 parts of soil conditioner.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in step S4, a stirrer is adopted for stirring, the stirring time is 1-2h, and the stirring speed is 220-300 rad/min.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the soil conditioner is a mixture of charcoal, medical stone powder, zeolite powder and lime nitrogen.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the field management comprises water management, comprehensive pest control, intertillage weeding and hilling.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S7, the amount of the covering fertilizer covering seeds is 60-100 g per hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
by adopting crop straws, straw humic acid, a compound microbial inoculant, livestock and poultry manure and rape seed cakes as main raw materials to prepare the main nutrient components of the fertilizer for cultivating the radishes, the fertilizer does not pollute the environment, the environment-friendly ecological fertilizer is realized, the raw material cost is low, the resource utilization rate is improved, a good growth environment is provided for the radishes, and the nutrition required by growth is ensured.
Through the mixing stirring of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer and soil conditioner, mix through selenium-enriched organic fertilizer and cover on the radish seed surface, provide abundant selenium source for the seedling, thereby make the abundant selenium of seedling accumulation, obtain the rich radish of selenium content, the obtainment of selenium element does not receive the restriction of soil in the radish, thereby selenium content in the control radish that can be better, plant out the even radish of selenium content, can improve the soil property of soil through soil conditioner, make the soil property of soil better, prolong the life of soil, avoid the loss of soil nutrient composition.
The invention provides a good growth environment for the radishes, ensures nutrition required by growth, ensures that the selenium element in the radishes is not limited by land, can better control the selenium content in the radishes and plants the radishes with uniform selenium content.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
A cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes comprises the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting radish seeds with good local adaptability, putting 600 times of prepared liquid of the new high-fat membrane into a container for soaking the seeds, pouring the radish seeds with bristles removed by kneading, stirring while chamfering, and soaking for 30 minutes;
s2, fishing out the soaked radish seeds from the new high-fat membrane solution, immediately washing the radish seeds for 3 times by using clear water, and washing the radish seeds for later use;
s3, crushing the crop straws before taking the crop straws, putting the straws into a hammer-type straw crusher, crushing the straws by the hammer-type straw crusher to form granular materials, and then weighing the raw materials covered with the fertilizer, wherein the raw materials are weighed according to the following parts by weight: 22 parts of crop straws, 5 parts of straw humic acid, 8 parts of compound microbial agent, 15 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 12 parts of rapeseed cakes, 18 parts of selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 6 parts of soil conditioner, wherein the soil conditioner is a mixture of charcoal, medical stone powder, zeolite powder and lime nitrogen;
s4, adding water into crop straws, straw humic acid, a compound microbial agent, livestock and poultry manure and rapeseed cakes, mixing and fermenting to obtain a mixed material A, and stirring by a stirrer for 1h at a stirring speed of 220 rad/min;
s5, mixing and stirring the fertilizer mixture A prepared in the step S4 with the selenium-rich organic fertilizer and the soil conditioner to obtain a mixed material B;
s6, covering fertilizer and granulating: drying the mixed material B, then crushing, feeding into a disc, spraying and humidifying by a humidifier, bonding into granules at the bottom of the disc by the force generated by mutual friction between the disc and the inner wall, finally drying again and screening to obtain a coated fertilizer;
s7, sowing, namely 2 seeds in each hole, covering the seeds with a covering fertilizer, wherein the amount of the covering fertilizer covering the seeds is 60 g per hole, watering the seeds after sowing, and then covering a mulching film for preserving heat and moisture to promote the seeds to germinate;
and S8, field management, including water management, comprehensive pest control, intertillage weeding and hilling.
Example two
A cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes comprises the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting radish seeds with good local adaptability, putting 650 times of prepared liquid of the new high-fat membrane into a container for soaking the seeds, pouring the radish seeds with bristles removed by kneading, stirring while chamfering, and soaking for 40 minutes;
s2, fishing out the soaked radish seeds from the new high-fat membrane solution, immediately washing the radish seeds for 4 times by using clear water, and keeping the washed radish seeds for later use;
s3, crushing the crop straws before taking the crop straws, putting the straws into a hammer-type straw crusher, crushing the straws by the hammer-type straw crusher to form granular materials, and then weighing the raw materials covered with the fertilizer, wherein the raw materials are weighed according to the following parts by weight: 44 parts of crop straws, 7 parts of straw humic acid, 11 parts of compound microbial agent, 30 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 parts of rapeseed cakes, 23 parts of selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 8 parts of soil conditioner, wherein the soil conditioner is a mixture of charcoal, medical stone powder, zeolite powder and lime nitrogen;
s4, adding water into crop straws, straw humic acid, a compound microbial agent, livestock and poultry manure and rapeseed cakes, mixing and fermenting to obtain a mixed material A, and stirring by a stirrer for 1.5h at a stirring speed of 260 rad/min;
s5, mixing and stirring the fertilizer mixture A prepared in the step S4 with the selenium-rich organic fertilizer and the soil conditioner to obtain a mixed material B;
s6, covering fertilizer and granulating: drying the mixed material B, then crushing, feeding into a disc, spraying and humidifying by a humidifier, bonding into granules at the bottom of the disc by the force generated by mutual friction between the disc and the inner wall, finally drying again and screening to obtain a coated fertilizer;
s7, sowing, namely 3 seeds in each hole, covering the seeds with a covering fertilizer, wherein the amount of the covering fertilizer covering the seeds is 80 g per hole, watering the seeds after sowing, and then covering a mulching film for preserving heat and moisture to promote the seeds to germinate;
and S8, field management, including water management, comprehensive pest control, intertillage weeding and hilling.
EXAMPLE III
A cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes comprises the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting radish seeds with good local adaptability, putting 700 times of prepared liquid of the new high-fat membrane into a container for soaking the seeds, pouring the radish seeds with bristles removed by kneading, stirring while chamfering, and soaking for 50 minutes;
s2, fishing out the soaked radish seeds from the new high-fat membrane solution, immediately washing the radish seeds for 4 times by using clear water, and keeping the washed radish seeds for later use;
s3, crushing the crop straws before taking the crop straws, putting the straws into a hammer-type straw crusher, crushing the straws by the hammer-type straw crusher to form granular materials, and then weighing the raw materials covered with the fertilizer, wherein the raw materials are weighed according to the following parts by weight: 65 parts of crop straws, 9 parts of straw humic acid, 14 parts of compound microbial agent, 44 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 18 parts of rapeseed cake, 28 parts of selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 9 parts of soil conditioner, wherein the soil conditioner is a mixture of charcoal, medical stone powder, zeolite powder and lime nitrogen;
s4, adding water into crop straws, straw humic acid, a compound microbial agent, livestock and poultry manure and rapeseed cakes, mixing and fermenting to obtain a mixed material A, and stirring by a stirrer for 2 hours at a stirring speed of 300 rad/min;
s5, mixing and stirring the fertilizer mixture A prepared in the step S4 with the selenium-rich organic fertilizer and the soil conditioner to obtain a mixed material B;
s6, covering fertilizer and granulating: drying the mixed material B, then crushing, feeding into a disc, spraying and humidifying by a humidifier, bonding into granules at the bottom of the disc by the force generated by mutual friction between the disc and the inner wall, finally drying again and screening to obtain a coated fertilizer;
s7, sowing, namely 3 seeds in each hole, covering the seeds with a covering fertilizer, wherein the amount of the covering fertilizer covering the seeds is 100 g in each hole, watering the seeds after sowing, and then covering a mulching film for preserving heat and moisture to promote the seeds to germinate;
and S8, field management, including water management, comprehensive pest control, intertillage weeding and hilling.
By adopting crop straws, straw humic acid, a compound microbial inoculant, livestock and poultry manure and rape seed cakes as main raw materials to prepare the main nutrient components of the fertilizer for cultivating the radishes, the fertilizer does not pollute the environment, the environment-friendly ecological fertilizer is realized, the raw material cost is low, the resource utilization rate is improved, a good growth environment is provided for the radishes, and the nutrition required by growth is ensured. Through the mixing stirring of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer and soil conditioner, mix through selenium-enriched organic fertilizer and cover on the radish seed surface, provide abundant selenium source for the seedling, thereby make the abundant selenium of seedling accumulation, obtain the rich radish of selenium content, the obtainment of selenium element does not receive the restriction of soil in the radish, thereby selenium content in the control radish that can be better, plant out the even radish of selenium content, can improve the soil property of soil through soil conditioner, make the soil property of soil better, prolong the life of soil, avoid the loss of soil nutrient composition.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting radish seeds with good local adaptability, placing 700 times of prepared liquid with 600-fold high-fat membrane into a container to soak the seeds, pouring the radish seeds with bristles removed by kneading, stirring while pouring, and soaking for 30-50 minutes;
s2, fishing out the soaked radish seeds from the new high-fat membrane solution, immediately washing the radish seeds for 3-4 times by using clear water, and washing the radish seeds for later use;
s3, weighing the raw materials of the covering fertilizer, and weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22-65 parts of crop straws, 5-9 parts of straw humic acid, 8-14 parts of a compound microbial agent, 15-44 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 12-18 parts of rapeseed cakes, 18-28 parts of a selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 6-9 parts of a soil conditioner;
s4, adding water into crop straws, straw humic acid, a compound microbial agent, livestock and poultry manure and rapeseed cakes, mixing and fermenting to obtain a mixed material A;
s5, mixing and stirring the fertilizer mixture A prepared in the step S4 with the selenium-rich organic fertilizer and the soil conditioner to obtain a mixed material B;
s6, covering fertilizer and granulating: drying the mixed material B, then crushing, feeding into a disc, spraying and humidifying by a humidifier, bonding into granules at the bottom of the disc by the force generated by mutual friction between the disc and the inner wall, finally drying again and screening to obtain a coated fertilizer;
s7, sowing, namely covering 2-3 seeds in each hole with a covering fertilizer, watering after sowing, and then covering a mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation to promote the germination of seeds;
and S8, field management.
2. The method for cultivating the pollution-free selenium-rich radishes according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the crop straws are crushed before being weighed, the straws are put into a hammer type straw crusher, and the straws are crushed by the hammer type straw crusher to form granular materials.
3. The cultivation method of the pollution-free selenium-rich radish according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the preparation of the covering fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24-60 parts of crop straws, 6-8 parts of straw humic acid, 9-12 parts of a compound microbial agent, 20-40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 13-17 parts of rapeseed cakes, 19-26 parts of a selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 6-8 parts of a soil conditioner.
4. The cultivation method of the pollution-free selenium-rich radish according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the preparation of the covering fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44 parts of crop straws, 7 parts of straw humic acid, 11 parts of compound microbial agent, 30 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 parts of rapeseed cakes, 23 parts of selenium-rich organic fertilizer and 8 parts of soil conditioner.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the stirring is performed with a stirrer for 1-2h at a rotation speed of 220- "rad/min".
6. The method for cultivating pollution-free selenium-rich radish according to claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner is a mixture of charcoal, medical stone powder, zeolite powder and lime nitrogen.
7. The cultivation method of the pollution-free selenium-rich radishes according to claim 1, wherein the field management comprises water management, comprehensive pest control, intertillage weeding and hilling.
8. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched nuisance-free radish as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S7, the amount of covering seeds with covering fertilizer is 60-100 g per hole.
CN202111269844.2A 2021-10-29 2021-10-29 Cultivation method of pollution-free selenium-rich radishes Pending CN113845393A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106305108A (en) * 2016-08-25 2017-01-11 合肥市田然农业科技园有限公司 Radish planting method
CN106961944A (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-07-21 安徽金培因科技有限公司 A kind of carrot ridge culture planting method
CN108207530A (en) * 2018-02-11 2018-06-29 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Selenium-enriched radish
CN112939669A (en) * 2021-03-23 2021-06-11 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 Special organic fertilizer for selenium-rich vegetables and preparation method thereof
CN113179895A (en) * 2021-05-19 2021-07-30 湖南鼎翔源农牧有限公司 Carrot selenium-enrichment quality-improving cultivation method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106305108A (en) * 2016-08-25 2017-01-11 合肥市田然农业科技园有限公司 Radish planting method
CN106961944A (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-07-21 安徽金培因科技有限公司 A kind of carrot ridge culture planting method
CN108207530A (en) * 2018-02-11 2018-06-29 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Selenium-enriched radish
CN112939669A (en) * 2021-03-23 2021-06-11 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 Special organic fertilizer for selenium-rich vegetables and preparation method thereof
CN113179895A (en) * 2021-05-19 2021-07-30 湖南鼎翔源农牧有限公司 Carrot selenium-enrichment quality-improving cultivation method

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