CN113826510B

CN113826510B - Light prevention and control method for beetle imago

Info

Publication number: CN113826510B
Application number: CN202111209437.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋月丽; 巩中军; 李彤; 武予清; 苗进; 段云; 王雪芹; 梅诗琼; 鲁瑞杰; 刘启航
Original assignee: Institute of Plant Protection of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Plant Protection of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-10-18
Filing date: 2021-10-18
Publication date: 2023-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-18
Also published as: CN113826510A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to a light control method for adult scarab beetles. The method comprises the steps of irradiating the adult scarab beetles with yellow light or green light, wherein the yellow light is derived from a yellow light lamp with the wavelength of 565-585nm, the green light is derived from a green light lamp with the wavelength of 525-545nm, and the adult scarab beetles are mainly adult scarab beetles or adult Holotrichia parallela. According to the invention, the research on the influence of yellow light and green light on the soil emergence rhythm, feeding and mating of the copper-green scarab and the Holotrichia parallela is carried out, and the result shows that the yellow light lamp and the green light lamp can play a role in preventing and controlling the night-emergence scarab adults, and the result provides a new thought for preventing and controlling scarab pests, also provides a theoretical basis for the moth-killing lamp expansion function, and is more beneficial to the large-area popularization and application of the yellow light lamp and the green light lamp.

Description

Light prevention and control method for beetle imago

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to a light control method for adult scarab beetles.

Background

The scarab belongs to the family of coleoptera, and is a group with the largest variety, the largest distribution and the largest harm among underground pests. The larvae are hidden underground for gnawing crop seeds, rhizomes and tender buds, the damage period is long, the food consumption is large, and the larvae are the major pest groups which can be damaged by the larvae and adults, such as leaves, flowers, tender buds, filaments, clusters and the like of the adult pest plants. The yield, quality and economic benefit of crops are seriously affected, and the control difficulty is also greatly influenced. In the last decade, in the Yangtze river basin to North China, the occurrence number of Holotrichia parallela (Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky) and Holotrichia aeruginosa (Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky) is an absolute predominance in grub species. The adult scarab insect has strong phototaxis, so that the lamp is an important measure for preventing and controlling the adult scarab insect except the conventional chemical prevention and control. The common lamp inducing device comprises an ultraviolet lamp such as a black light lamp and a frequency vibration type insecticidal lamp, and mixed light such as a high-voltage mercury lamp, an incandescent lamp, a searchlight and the like, but the lamps have poor insect selectivity, and can seriously kill natural enemies and non-target insects while killing the pests, so that the ecological environment is damaged to different degrees. One well-known study by researchers at the state university of terlaque indicates that black-light lamps attract only 31 out of all 13789 similar insects (0.22%), 1868 out of these diptera populations (13.5%) are predatory or parasitic insects, and 6670 aquatic but non-human insects, 48.8%. The difference between the number of beneficial insects trapped in excess and harmless insects and the number of harmful insects reduced shows that the black light lamp has poor application effect, damages the biodiversity and does not reach the expected target. In addition, the effect of uv light and the light-mixing lamp on the plants is also relatively large. Therefore, research and development of a novel environment-friendly light prevention and control method are particularly important.

A great deal of scientific researches prove that most of the scarab pests have obvious tendency to ultraviolet-blue-violet light below 480nm, so that the black light lamp or the frequency vibration type insecticidal lamp which is used for trapping the night-emitting scarab pests is used at present, and the biological function of the ultraviolet-blue light sensor below 480nm of the compound eyes of the insects is utilized. The problem of wide insect attracting spectrum of the ultraviolet lamp attracting light source and thus the damage of biological diversity is well recognized, so that research hot spots in the field focus on optimizing the attracting light source at present, after all, the attracting light source can intuitively see that a large number of insects are killed, the effect is easily accepted by the masses, and the characteristic of light sensitivity of the scarab insects to other wave bands is ignored by most researchers. However, because the scarab pests are one generation each year, the scarab pests are difficult to breed indoors, so that the research of a plurality of biological learning behaviors is limited, the development of a novel prevention and control method is not facilitated, and the prevention and control of the scarab pests are also not facilitated, so that the development of a novel prevention and control method for the scarab pests is required.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a light prevention and control method for adult beetles.

The invention aims to provide a light prevention and control method for adult scarab and holotrichia parallela, which adopts yellow light or green light to irradiate adult scarab.

Preferably, according to the light prevention and control method for the beetle beetles, the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 10-1000lx.

The illumination intensity of more than 110lx has good prevention and control effect on insects, but if yellow light with the illumination intensity acts on plants, the more the influence on the life activities of the plants is, the more energy is wasted, and energy conservation is not enough. Therefore, in the light prevention and control method for the beetle beetles, the illumination intensity of the yellow light is preferably 10-110lx.

Preferably, according to the light prevention and control method for the beetle beetles, the illumination intensity of the green light is 10-1000lx.

The illumination intensity of more than 110lx has good prevention and control effects on insects, but if green light with the illumination intensity acts on plants, the more the influence on the life activities of the plants is, the more energy is wasted, and energy conservation is not enough. Therefore, in the light prevention and control method for the beetle beetles, the illumination intensity of the green light is preferably 10-110lx.

Preferably, according to the light prevention and control method for the beetle beetles, the irradiation time of yellow light or green light is 19:30 to 7:00 of the next day.

Preferably, the light prevention and control method for the beetle beetles, the beetle adult is one of a copper green beetle or a Holotrichia parallela.

Preferably, the light prevention and control method for the beetle beetles is used for inhibiting the emergence rate, the emergence rhythm, the feeding and the mating of the beetle beetles.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The invention utilizes the biological habit of the yellow light sensitivity of the scarab or the holotrichia parallela with night-emergence habit to about 550nm to develop the study on the influence of the yellow light and the green light on the emergence rhythm, feeding and mating of the scarab or the holotrichia parallela, and the result shows that the yellow light and the green light can play a role in preventing and controlling the adult scarab at night, and the method is convenient to use. Compared with chemical control methods, the yellow-green light illumination method developed by the invention can obviously reduce the drug resistance of pests, can reduce the pesticide residue of plants, and is one of better pollution-free control methods.

(2) The invention utilizes yellow light and green light to interfere with the method of the night-emergence type scarab insect daily rhythm to control the scarab insect, and has the further great advantage of reducing the killing of natural enemies and neutral insects, thus protecting the natural enemies and reducing the damage to biodiversity.

(3) Compared with the traditional ultraviolet trap lamp, the ultraviolet trap lamp has the advantages that the daily rhythm of pests is disturbed, the soil discharge rhythm is changed, the feeding and mating of the pests are reduced, the service life of the adults is shortened, the capability of breeding offspring is reduced, a large amount of the pests are not trapped and killed, population development is controlled, the pests are maintained within a control threshold, so that the biodiversity is further protected, and the integrity of a biological chain is protected.

(4) Compared with the traditional trap lamp, the invention has the great advantages that the negative effect of green light and yellow light on plants is very small, the negative effect of the ultraviolet lamp or the mixing lamp in the prior art on plant physiology is relatively large, the illumination intensity of the yellow-green light is controlled within a certain range, the plant is basically not negatively affected, and the invention has certain effects of promoting growth and improving quality on some leaf vegetables.

(5) The invention has the advantages that the light of yellow and green wave bands has little light pollution to the environment, has little harm to eyes and skin of people, and is more beneficial to large-area popularization and application.

(6) Some phototactic sunrise insects such as aphids, whiteflies, thrips and the like can be trapped at the same time by the additional sticky trap.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the unearthed rhythms of the copper green scarab (A) and the Holotrichia parallela (B) under different color light treatments;

FIG. 2 shows the unearthed rhythms of the copper green scarab (A) and the Holotrichia parallela (B) under different light intensities;

FIG. 3 shows the feed intake of the copper green scarab and Holotrichia parallela under different treatments;

wherein A: yellow light and green light are treated to form a copper green scarlet turtle; b: yellow light and green light treat Holotrichia parallela; c: yellow light with different illumination intensities is used for treating the cuvettes; d: yellow light with different illumination intensities is used for treating Holotrichia parallela.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all reagents are commercially available and methods are conventional in the art.

Example 1

A light prevention and control method for an adult scarab comprises the following steps:

1. material acquisition

The adult of the copper green scarab and the Holotrichia parallela are collected in the field, the collected adults are temporarily fed in an indoor glass jar for standby, and are fed with fresh young leaves of poplar. Holotrichia parallela has a habit of earth emergence every other day, so that the single-day and double-day collected separate feeds are adopted, and the single-day test and the double-day test are adopted in the test.

2. Test method

Test one (different color light treatments): selecting adult individuals of strong male and female copper green scarab and Holotrichia parallela as test insects, and placingAcrylic transparent box (20×20×30 cm), spreading a layer of soil with thickness of about 5cm at the bottom of the box, placing several pieces of poplar leaves cut into rectangular shape on the soil, and making the area of poplar leaf about 200cm ² . A Yellow light tube is hung above an acrylic box in a first light treatment group (Yellow light), and the light intensity is measured to be 110lx; a Green light lamp tube is hung above an acrylic box in a second illumination treatment group (Green light), and the illumination intensity is measured to be 110lx; in the control group (CK), the box is directly placed in a darkroom, and the illumination intensity in the darkroom is measured to be 0. 10 females and 10 males were treated with each acrylic box, and 10 replicates were set for each treatment group. Raising the copper green scarab and the Holotrichia parallela under normal conditions before the test, wherein the test is carried out from 19:00 a day at night to 7 a day, and from 7 a day to 7 a day at night, the first light treatment group, the second light treatment group and the control group are all subjected to indoor normal light irradiation, and the normal light irradiation intensity is about 1000lx; and (3) observing for 1 time every half hour, wherein a control group is illuminated by a weak red light lamp when being observed at night, the number of the soil insects is recorded, the log of mating is recorded, the eating area of the leaf is counted after the test is ended, and the average value of 10 parallel experiments is taken as the experimental result of each index.

Test two (different illumination intensity treatments): different yellow light illumination intensity gradients are set, the illumination intensities of the 3 treatment groups are respectively 110lx, 60lx and 10lx, the control group directly places the box into a darkroom, and the illumination intensity in the darkroom is measured to be 0. It is the same as the test method.

3 results and analysis

3.1 Effect of yellow light and Green light stress on the emergence rate and emergence rhythm of 2 types of scarab beetles

At night, under the stress of yellow light and green light, the soil yield of the copper green scarab and Holotrichia parallela is obviously reduced compared with that of the control group (figure 1), and the soil yield of the copper green scarab control group is from 19:30 to 0:00 rises rapidly, 0: the 00% soil yield (65%) reached a peak and then dropped rapidly. And the yellow light treatment group and the green light treatment group were selected from 19:30 to 7:00 a day after, eventually, substantially leveled off the control group (FIG. 1A). The soil emergence rate of Holotrichia parallela is from 19:30 to 22:00 rose rapidly, reaching a peak at 22:00, 69.5%, followed by a slow decline, while the yellow and green treatment groups were from 19:30 to 7:00 on the next day, the soil yield was substantially the same as that of the control group on the next day 6:30 (FIG. 1B).

3.2 Effect of yellow light stress of different illumination intensities on the soil emergence rate and the soil emergence rhythm of 2 kinds of scarab beetles

The analysis result of the first experiment shows that the yellow light and the green light stress have the same effect on the unearthed rhythms of 2 kinds of golden tortoises, so that only the influence of the yellow light stress with different illumination intensity gradients on the unearthed rhythms, feeding and mating of 2 kinds of golden tortoises is developed. As can be seen from fig. 2, the earthing rhythm of the turtles at 60lx yellow light illumination level is substantially consistent with the trend at 110lx (fig. 2A). As can be seen from (FIG. 2B), the rate of emergence of Holotrichia parallela under the stress of yellow light 10lx, 60lx and 110lx was substantially consistent, rising slowly from 19:30 to 7:00 the next day, reaching a peak after 5:00 the next day, and significantly decreasing the rate of emergence compared to the control group, with significantly delayed emergence.

3.3 Effect of different treatment light stress on feeding 2 scarab beetles

The food intake of the copper green scarab and Holotrichia parallela under the stress of yellow light and green light (1.83 and 1 cm) ² ) There was a significant reduction compared to the control (34.67 cm) and no significant difference between the yellow and green light in the treated group. Under the stress of different illumination intensities of yellow light, compared with a control group, the food intake of the copper green scarab and Holotrichia parallela treated group is obviously reduced, and the difference between the treatments of different illumination intensities is not obvious.

3.4 Effect of different treatment light stress on mating of 2 scarab beetles

The copperleaf log of the yellow light and green light treatment group is obviously reduced compared with that of the control group, the copperleaf log of the yellow light and green light treatment group is reduced to 0 and 0.17 pairs from 2.67 pairs of the control group, and the difference between the treatment groups is not obvious; none of the Holotrichia parallela treated groups were mating, the control group was mating 0.17 pairs on average, there was a significant difference between the treated group and the control group, and the difference between yellow light and green light was not significant in the treated group (Table 1). When treated with yellow light with different light intensity gradients, yellow light stress of 10lx, 60lx and 110lx was found to have no significant difference for the mating of 2 turtles among the three, but there were significant differences compared to the control group (table 2). The above experiments demonstrate that yellow light and green light have a significant effect on the growth of copper green scarab and Holotrichia parallela and can be used as a novel method for controlling 2 insects.

TABLE 1 Cook log variability analysis of yellow, green light treated copper green scarab and Holotrichia parallela

Note that: the different letters indicate a significant difference in the P < 0.05 level.

TABLE 2 analysis of the copter log variability of copper green scarab and Holotrichia parallela under different illumination intensity yellow light treatments

It should be noted that, when numerical ranges are referred to in the present invention, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints are optional, and because the adopted step method is the same as the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The application of the light in preventing and controlling the beetle adults is characterized in that yellow light or green light is adopted to irradiate the beetle adults, so as to inhibit the emergence rate, feeding, mating and changing the emergence rhythm of the beetle adults;

the yellow light is sourced from yellow lamps of 565-585nm, and the green light is sourced from green lamps of 525-545 nm;

the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 10-1000 lx;

the illumination intensity of the green light is 10-1000 lx;

the irradiation time of the yellow light or the green light is 19:30 to 7:00 of the next day;

the beetle adult is one of a copper green beetle or a Holotrichia parallela.

2. The use of the light of claim 1 for controlling adult scarab beetles, wherein the yellow light has an illumination intensity of 10-110lx.

3. The use of the light of claim 1 for controlling adult scarab beetles, wherein the green light has an illumination intensity of 10-110lx.