CN109429838B

CN109429838B - Inchworm control method

Info

Publication number: CN109429838B
Application number: CN201811609226.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔利; 耿书宝; 张权; 张方梅; 金银利; 潘鹏亮; 洪枫; 尹健; 陈俊华
Original assignee: Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University
Current assignee: Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University
Priority date: 2018-12-27
Filing date: 2018-12-27
Publication date: 2021-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-27
Also published as: CN109429838A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling inchworm, which relates to the technical field of insect prevention and control, and comprises the following steps: after sunset every day, yellow light or green light is given to the area to be prevented and controlled for inchworm until sunrise the next day. The research of the invention shows that after yellow light or green light irradiation is carried out at night, the egg laying habit of the inchworm imagoes can be obviously influenced, the hatching of the inchworm eggs can be obviously influenced, and the eclosion number of the inchworm imagoes can be obviously influenced. The invention utilizes the optical behavior method to carry out deep research on the biological characteristics of the inchworm under the illumination of yellow light or green light at night, thereby obtaining the inchworm control method with strong selectivity and high interference efficiency, not threatening the natural enemy of the inchworm and protecting the ecological diversity of insects; the control method of the invention does not need to use pesticides, and is more environment-friendly compared with the existing method.

Description

Inchworm control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of insect control, in particular to a method for controlling inchworm.

Background

Tea is the most widely consumed and vital in three beverages (tea, coffee and cocoa) in the world, has the most consumption, is the traditional beverage with the longest history, and is also praised as '21 century healthy beverage' by modern science. As one of the worldwide beverages, the increase of tea consumption has driven the vigorous development of tea production and import and export trade, and up to now, there are 58 countries and regions in the world where tea is planted, 32 countries export tea, and 115 countries import tea directly.

In tea production, pests have great influence and become the primary factor restricting the yield and quality of tea. The main pests of the tea trees comprise tea caterpillars, tea geometrids, tea aphids, tea lesser leafhoppers, black-thorn whiteflies, tea green plant bugs, tea orange gall mites and the like, wherein the tea geometrids, the tea caterpillars and the tea lesser leafhoppers are dominant populations, and the occurrence degree of the dominant populations seriously influences the yield and the quality of the tea. In order to prevent and control the harm of the tea, some small production units or farmers use pesticides in an irregular way due to lack of related pesticide knowledge, so that pesticide residue in some tea products sometimes occurs. The harm of tea tree pests not only causes huge economic loss to tea farmers, but also seriously contusions the production enthusiasm of tea farmers, and becomes one of important factors restricting the high quality and high yield of tea.

At present, except a small amount of organic tea gardens, pest control in the tea gardens still cannot be realized by chemical pesticides. Therefore, the research on the new method for preventing and controlling the tea garden pests has important significance for improving the yield and the quality of the tea. The phototaxis/photophobia of the insects is utilized to perform lamplight trapping, killing, repelling and the like on the imagoes, and the egg falling amount of the imagoes in the field is reduced so as to avoid the imagoes from being generated in large quantity, thereby providing a new idea for prevention and treatment. At present, light trapping and killing is widely applied to prevention and control of various pests, and different insects have great difference in light wave sensitivity. Studies of Van et al (2012) show that Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergan) shows phototactic behavior to light with wavelengths of 380 nm, 440nm and 498-524 nm in the spectrum range of 340-605 nm, and the phototactic rate increases with the increase of light intensity; sun et al (2014) reported that Gra-pholita molesta is more responsive to light at wavelengths of 405 and 540nm over the spectrum of 405-610 nm. Therefore, it is very important to know the behavior response characteristics of insects to different wavelength spectrums for the light application method. In recent years, more reports about the biological characteristics and occurrence rules of tea geometrid are provided, and some reports about sex attractants and phototaxis are provided. However, no research report is available on the influence of the spectrum on the growth rhythm of the griseofulvara.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling inchworm, which aims to overcome the defect that the existing method for preventing and controlling pests such as inchworm needs to use pesticides to pollute the environment and crops.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling inchworm, which comprises the following steps: after sunset every day, yellow light or green light is given to the area to be prevented and controlled for inchworm until sunrise the next day.

Preferably, the yellow light has a wavelength of 590-595 nm.

Preferably, the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 50-100 lx.

Preferably, the wavelength of the green light is 520-525 nm.

Preferably, the illumination intensity of the green light is 50-100 lx.

Preferably, the inchworms comprise gray tea inchworms and tea silver inchworms.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling inchworm, which comprises the following steps: after sunset every day, yellow light or green light is given to the area to be prevented and controlled for inchworm until sunrise the next day. The study of the present invention shows that, after the illumination of yellow or green light at night:

(1) experiments show that part of inchworm adults do not lay eggs and the egg laying rate is obviously reduced after the control method disclosed by the invention is used for processing, the egg laying period of the inchworm is also obviously shortened, the number of offspring populations of the inchworm is further obviously reduced, and the expanding and breeding speed of the populations of the inchworm can be influenced;

(2) experiments show that the control method provided by the invention has the advantages that the hatching rate of inchworm eggs is remarkably reduced, the number of progeny populations of inchworm eggs can be remarkably reduced, and harm is reduced;

(3) experiments show that the emergence rate of the inchworm imagoes is remarkably reduced and the population quantity of the later generations of the inchworm can be remarkably reduced by the control method;

(4) the experiment of the invention shows that the service life of the inchworm imagoes can be reduced to a certain extent, but the service life of the inchworm imagoes is not reach a remarkable level.

According to the invention, the biological characteristics of the inchworm under the illumination of yellow light or green light at night are infiltrated and researched by using a photo-behavioral method, so that the inchworm control method with strong selectivity and high interference efficiency is obtained, on one hand, the natural enemy of the inchworm is not threatened, and the ecological diversity of insects is protected; on the other hand, the control method does not need to use pesticides, is used for agricultural clean production, protects driving and navigating, reduces the pollution of the pesticides to the environment and crops, and is more environment-friendly compared with the existing method.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different wavelength spectra on the hatching rate of eggs of ectropis grisescens;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of different wavelength spectra on the eclosion rate of adults of ectropis grisescens.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling inchworm, which comprises the following steps: after sunset every day, yellow light or green light is given to the area to be prevented and controlled for inchworm until sunrise the next day. According to the invention, through continuous illumination of yellow light or green light at night, the egg laying of the inchworm adults can be effectively inhibited, the egg hatching rate of the inchworm adults is reduced, and the emergence rate of the inchworm adults is reduced, so that the population quantity of the inchworm offspring is influenced, and the harm of the inchworm to crops and the like is reduced.

In the present invention, the inchworm refers to lepidoptera, inchworm moth family insects, including but not limited to gray tea inchworm and tea silver inchworm.

In the invention, the inchworm control method can be suitable for different regions, and yellow light or green light can be turned on and off according to different sunrise and sunset times of the regions.

In the invention, the yellow light has a wavelength of 580-595 nm, preferably 590-595 nm. In the invention, the illumination intensity of the yellow light is preferably 50-100lx, and more preferably 60-80 lx.

In the invention, the wavelength of the green light is 500-560 nm, preferably 520-525 nm. In the invention, the illumination intensity of the green light is preferably 50-100lx, and more preferably 60-80 lx.

In the present invention, the yellow light or the green light may be illuminated by an LED lamp or the like, but the present invention is not particularly limited.

In the invention, the preferable irradiation of the inchworm in the area to be controlled is carried out from the eclosion stage of the adult (the tea garden can be started for irradiation treatment 1 week before the peak period comes according to the data predicted by prediction), so that the inchworm adult can be effectively inhibited from laying eggs; preferably, the irradiation is carried out on the inchworm eggs in the area to be controlled from 1 week before the eclosion peak of the adult, so that the incubation of the inchworm eggs can be effectively inhibited; preferably, irradiation is carried out on the inchworm imagoes in the area to be controlled from 1 week before the pupation period of the terminal-age larvae, so that the eclosion of the inchworm imagoes can be effectively inhibited.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The insect source is from the adult after the indoor successive fresh leaves are bred for 5 generations (breeding environment: temperature is 22-26 ℃, relative humidity is 60-70%, photoperiod is 12L: 12D in artificial climate room).

After the newly emerged male and female adults of the gray tea geometrid adults are paired, the newly emerged male and female adults are placed in an insect breeding cover (an acrylic transparent circular tube, the top end of the gray tea geometrid adult is covered with a 50-80-mesh white gauze, the bottom of the gray tea geometrid adult is provided with a culture dish with the diameter of 9-10 cm, the diameter of 8-15 cm and the height of 20-25 cm), and 1 pair of the gray tea geometrid adults is covered with each. The device volume: the length, width and height are 45-50 cm × 30-35 cm × 40-45 cm.

Yellow light treatment group: giving illumination (150-300 lx) to a common fluorescent lamp for 12h (7: 00-19: 00) in the daytime, giving yellow light (590-595 nm) for 12h (19: 00-7: 00) in the next day at night, and giving illumination intensity of 50-100 lx;

green light treatment group: giving illumination (150-300 lx) to a common fluorescent lamp for 12h (7: 00-19: 00) in the daytime, giving green light (520-525 nm) for 12h (19: 00-7: 00) in the next day at night, and giving illumination intensity of 50-100 lx;

control group: the light intensity of a common daylight lamp (150-300 lx) is given for 12h (7: 00-19: 00) in the daytime, and the dark intensity is given for 12h (19: 00-7: 00 on the next day) at night.

Each group was treated with 15 pairs of looper adults, which were repeated 3 times. And adding 10-15% of honey water every day regularly for supplementing nutrition, and recording the egg laying number of female griseofulworm and the survival life of adults until all adults die. Meanwhile, 50-100 eggs are randomly taken every day in the 3 rd-5 th day of egg laying, the operation is repeated for 3 times, and the number of eggs incubated is checked.

Collecting 30-50 primary pupae (collected at the beginning of a pre-pupation period, and treated by dividing into males and females after pupation), randomly dividing into three groups, respectively treating a yellow light treatment group, a green light treatment group and a control group, recording the eclosion number, and repeating for 3 times.

2 results and analysis

2.1 influence of spectra with different wavelengths on egg laying situation of ectropis obliqua

TABLE 1 influence of different wavelength spectra on the egg laying behavior of ectropis obliqua

Treatment of	Single female oviposition/head	Single female maximum egg laying amount/head	Egg laying rate (%)	In the early stage of spawning (d)	Spawning period (d)
						590-595nm	274.83±2.47b	409	90	1.88±0.38a	3.67±0.21b
520-525nm	242.53±2.39c	367	83.33	1.93±0.33a	3.43±0.57b
						CK	361.84±5.33a	521	96.67	1.68±0.75a	4.68±0.62a

Note that different letters in the same column indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level, and the same letters indicate insignificant differences.

As can be seen from Table 1, the egg laying amount of the looper obliqua adults per female is obviously lower than that of the looper obliqua adults under the natural light feeding Condition (CK) under the two different wavelength spectrum treatments. The egg laying amount of single female is respectively reduced by 24 percent (yellow light) and 33 percent (green light), and the difference reaches a remarkable level. The egg laying amount of single female is reduced by 112 grains and 154 grains respectively, which is obviously lower than that of the control treatment. From the aspect of egg laying rate, the egg laying rate of the control is as high as 96.67%, the egg laying rate of yellow light and green light treatment is obviously reduced, and partial adults cannot lay eggs by illumination treatment. Under the two different wavelength spectrum treatments, the early egg laying period of the ectropis obliqua adults is delayed, but the difference significance of the ectropis obliqua adults and a control group is still at the same level, but the egg laying period is obviously shortened, and is respectively shortened by 1.01d and 1.25d, and the difference of the imagoes and the control group is at a significant level.

The yellow spectrum and the green spectrum are proved to obviously interfere the egg laying habit of the gray tea geometrid adults, so that the early egg laying period is prolonged, the egg laying period is shortened, the egg laying amount is reduced, the number of offspring populations is obviously reduced, and the expanding and breeding speed of the populations is influenced.

2.2 Effect of different wavelength spectra on the hatching rate of eggs of ectropis obliqua

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the different wavelength spectra treatment had a greater effect on the hatchability of eggs of ectropis grisescens. Under the yellow light treatment, the hatchability of the eggs is 74.60%, the hatchability of the eggs under the green light treatment is 65.73%, and the hatchability of the eggs under the natural feeding condition is 83.33%, which shows that the hatchability of the eggs under the natural feeding condition is obviously higher than that of the eggs under the yellow light spectrum and green light spectrum treatment, and the difference between different treatments reaches a significant level. As can be seen from the graph 1, the yellow spectrum and the green spectrum can reduce the hatching rate of eggs of the ectropis grisescens, so that the population quantity of offspring is reduced, the occurrence quantity is reduced, and the harm is reduced.

2.3 Effect of different wavelength spectra on the Life of Ectropis oblique Ender adults

TABLE 2 Effect of different wavelength spectra on the Life of adults of ectropis obliqua

Treatment of	Male insect (d)	Female insect (d)
			590-595nm	5.87±0.28a	9.1±0.82a
520-525nm	6.12±0.44a	9.7±0.15a
			CK	6.96±0.09a	10.8±0.06a

As can be seen from Table 2, the life of the ash tea geometrid drone under the yellow spectrum treatment is reduced by 1.09d, the life of the green spectrum treatment is reduced by 0.84d, and the difference significance analysis is at the same level. The life of the female insects is also reduced to 1.7d and 1.1d respectively, and the difference is not significant. Therefore, the two spectral treatments have certain interference on the service life of the adults of the ectropis obliqua, but do not reach a remarkable level.

2.4 Effect of different wavelength spectra on the eclosion rate of adults of ectropis obliqua

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the eclosion rate of adults is greatly influenced after the ash tea geometrid pupae is treated by the two wavelengths. The feathering rate was 57.77% and yellow light 45.09% for the green treatment, while the control feathered 82.25% with a significant level of variation between the three treatments. The illumination of the yellow light and the green light source obviously influences the eclosion number of the gray tea geometrid imagoes, and the number of the offspring population is obviously reduced.

According to the embodiment, the inchworm control method provided by the invention can effectively interfere with the growth rhythm of inchworm, and the inchworm can be irradiated at night by selecting yellow light or green light, so that the inchworm control method is strong in specificity, safe and environment-friendly.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The inchworm control method comprises the following steps: after sunset every day, yellow light is given to the area to be controlled with inchworm until sunrise on the second day; the wavelength of the yellow light is 590-595 nm; the illumination intensity of the yellow light is 50-100 lx.

2. The method for controlling inchworm according to claim 1, wherein the inchworm comprises gray tea inchworm and tea silver inchworm.