CN103798191A - Method for preventing and controlling waxberry orchard fruit flies by using housefly pupas to replace fruit fly pupas for breeding parasitic wasps - Google Patents

Method for preventing and controlling waxberry orchard fruit flies by using housefly pupas to replace fruit fly pupas for breeding parasitic wasps Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103798191A
CN103798191A CN201210448362.8A CN201210448362A CN103798191A CN 103798191 A CN103798191 A CN 103798191A CN 201210448362 A CN201210448362 A CN 201210448362A CN 103798191 A CN103798191 A CN 103798191A
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fly
housefly
pupa
fly pupa
fruit bat
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胡好远
段毕升
陈忠梅
张同心
贺张
陈伟
谢磊
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Anhui Normal University
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Anhui Normal University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling waxberry orchard fruit flies by using housefly pupas to replace fruit fly pupas for breeding parasitic wasps. The method comprises the steps of (1) housefly pupa obtaining and (2) pachycrepoideus vindemmiae breeding. Through the adoption of the technical scheme, pachycrepoideus vindemmiaes bred by the housefly pupas can realize higher control efficiency on the control of fruit flies, so the prevention and control cost is greatly reduced; the pachycrepoideus vindemmiae obtained by the method has the characteristics that the reproductive capacity is obviously higher, the progeny yield is obviously higher, the individual lifetime is obviously longer, the individuals are obviously larger, and the like.

Description

A kind of red bayberry orchard fruit bat use housefly fly pupa of preventing and treating substitutes the method that fruit bat fly pupa is bred parasitic wasp
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technology application, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of method that red bayberry orchard fruit bat is used the alternative fruit bat fly pupa of housefly fly pupa to breed parasitic wasp of preventing and treating.
Background technology
Red bayberry is as China's special product fruit, there is long cultivation history, and in the welcome that is subject in the recent period more and more consumers, become a large pillar industry of some hill farmer increasing both production and income of south China, the fructescence of red bayberry in mid-June to early July, the Waxberry fruit coming to the ripening period, qualitative change is soft, aromatic flavour, lure female fruit bat to lay eggs on Waxberry fruit, larva moth food harm fruit after hatching, wherein Drosophila melanogaster is topmost fruit bat class pest on the fruit of red bayberry garden, wormed fruit rate is high, the fruit fruit shape of being injured is poor, fruit juice is excessive, easily shedding, cause the qualitative change of red bayberry product bad, production declining, have a strong impact on the marketing fresh of red bayberry, storage and processing.
At present, the control method of red bayberry garden fruit bat is mainly contained to following several approach: the one, chemical prevention and control method, comprise attractant, use pesticide spray control and the spraying smoke etc. of preparation containing agricultural chemicals such as chlorophos, as the Chinese patent of Granted publication 101213961B, provide a kind of preparation method of the plant-type smoke agent of controlling red bayberry fruit bat; The 2nd, the method for physical control, nylon wire by certain pore size is made separation net, again by this net at the ripe front shroud of red bayberry on strawberry tree, thereby fruit bat and Waxberry fruit are isolated, as the Chinese patent of Granted publication 2488279Y, the physical control method of the nuisanceless and green crops production booth providing has certain application in the control of red bayberry garden Drosophila melanogaster; The 3rd, the method for cultural control, the method before Waxberry fruit maturation, by garden and periphery plant residue and dead leaf, shrub weeds etc. remove clean, the blocking-up adult food chain taking food that migrates, reduce adult radix, this method is to there being certain effect in the control of red bayberry garden Drosophila melanogaster; The 4th, the method for biological control, as the Chinese patent of application number 201210069779, the method of a kind of biological control red bayberry garden Drosophila melanogaster is provided, and the method has proposed to recycle this insect by breeding fruit bat and has bred fruit bat parasitic wasp in pupa time---and the method for fly pupa tiny golden wasp suppresses red bayberry garden Drosophila melanogaster.Parasitic wasp is the Important Natural Enemy monoid of insect, in the biological control of insect, occupies consequence; Fly pupa tiny golden wasp is the parasitic wasp in pupa time of Drosophila melanogaster, this parasitic wasp belongs to Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae, for worldwide dispersed species, use fly pupa tiny golden wasp to prevent and treat and there is safety and continuation feature insects such as orchard fruit bats: on the one hand, the breeding of parasitic wasp relies on the worm pupa of the fly type pests such as fruit bat, can not make a significant impact other composition in the ecosystem, free from environmental pollution, to ecotope and fruit safety; On the other hand, maintain suitable density, can be for a long time by the Harm's control of insect below economic threshold.Visible, while controlling orchard Drosophila melanogaster with this parasitic wasp natural enemy of fly pupa tiny golden wasp, there is chemical control, physical control etc. and prevent and treat the incomparable superiority of method.While adopting published breeding fruit bat to recycle this insect to breed the method for fruit bat parasitic wasp in pupa time, the host of employing is individual less fruit bat pupa, and the parasitic wasp breeding is individual and fertility is less, and the life-span is shorter, limited to the control ability of fruit bat.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of housefly fly pupa that uses and substitutes the fruit bat fly pupa method of breeding parasitic wasp, breed out individual large, fertility is stronger, the life-span longer fly pupa tiny golden wasp, for the biological control of red bayberry orchard fruit bat.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: use housefly fly pupa as an alternative host is bred fruit bat parasitic wasp in pupa time, comprises the acquisition of (1) housefly fly pupa; (2) breed fly pupa tiny golden wasp.
Preferably, the acquisition of housefly fly pupa comprises the steps:
(1) the foster fly cage of making 50 × 50 × 50cm, coated with 50 order nylon wires, the circular hole of fly cage side opening one diameter 15cm, circular hole place closely connects the nylon wire sleeve of a respective diameters, place housefly drinking water in fly cage and become fly feed with white sugar and milk powder by what wait that mass ratio mixes, in cage, put 1000 left and right houseflies and become fly, drinking water and feed in regular replenishment fly cage;
(2) common house-fly grub is raised: use water content 65% wheat bran to lure housefly to lay eggs as culture base-material, base-material is placed in to the culture dish of diameter 9cm, be put in fly cage, after 12 hours, take out culture dish, fly blow is placed in to the shallow plastic basin of diameter 40cm together with base-material, using water content 65% wheat bran as larvae feeds, raise 4-5 days, obtain mature larvae; In raising, spray a small amount of water with spray bottle every day, and the amount of sprinkling is advisable with moist the hardening of feed;
(3) mature larva is collected: when the thin out yellow of common house-fly grub body colour of institute's feed, larva is aging and with there being a small amount of larva to start to pupate, mature larva is poured in 8 order stainless steel nylon mesh screens together with feed, above feed, be aided with illumination, and spray a small amount of water with spraying bottle; Below nylon mesh screen, placing a large size round plastic basin, is advisable in the inclined-plane, inner side that just can be stuck in basin with stainless steel mesh screen edge; Basin bottom part below screen cloth is put a little dry wheat bran, the larvae pupation that Gong falls; By top illumination the method that squirts, collect mature larvae downwards; When collection, frequently with scuppit remove mesh screen surface, not containing the feed of larva, to improve larva collection efficiency;
(4) larvae pupation: mature larvae is collected in the box of pupating and is pupated, and part fly pupa becomes fly as emergence housefly, adds in fly cage, and most of fly pupa can be used to breed parasitic wasp.
Preferably, the box of pupating uses to be made with the cylindrical seal plastic storage box of happy buckle closure, 10L, at vinyl cover middle part, cuts large portion with hot knife, and the marginal portion of lid leaves 3-5cm, then seals with 50 order nylon wires along notching edge with colloidal sol rifle.
Preferably, in the box of pupating, add a small amount of dry wheat bran, to promote larvae pupation; The box of pupating keeps in Dark Place, and after 2 days, in box, most of larva completes and pupate.
Preferably, to become fly feed be white sugar and milk powder by etc. mass ratio mix.
Preferably, breeding fly pupa tiny golden wasp comprises the steps:
(1) in bee-keeping box, place the housefly fly pupa of pupating 2~3 days, inoculation fly pupa tiny golden wasp supplements the nutrients to parasitic wasp simultaneously;
(2) change the housefly fly pupa in insect box every day, collect the not parasitic housefly sprouting wings, replenish in housefly fly cage;
(3) collect by parasitic housefly fly pupa, treat that fly pupa tiny golden wasp sprouts wings;
(4) obtain in a large number fly pupa tiny golden wasp, for the control to red bayberry orchard fruit bat
Preferably, the ratio of parasitic wasp inoculation is fly pupa tiny golden wasp: fly pupa quantity=1: 10.
Preferably, be 10% hydromel to the supplementary nutrition of parasitic wasp.
The host types of fly pupa tiny golden wasp has the fly pupa of multiple fly class, except fruit bat, also has multiple fly class host, and wherein housefly is exactly common kind.Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, compared with cultivation fruit bat, housefly fly pupa more easily obtains.First, cultivation housefly technology is comparatively easy.The Chinese patent of application number 201210069779, culture medium prescription when disclosed fruit bat is raised is as follows: dusty yeast 1g, agar 1.5g, propionic acid 0.7mL, sucrose 11g, corn flour 10.2g and water 100g, medium is cut into the strip of thickness × width × length=0.5 × 5 × 10 × 5cm, in media surface, use the spray of spray bottle with 5ml fresh milk, and add the orange juice of 5ml; By contrast, the breeding technology of housefly is only used the wheat bran of water content 65% left and right certain fineness particle; Or the offcuts of the chicken manure fermenting, pig manure or food factory are as vinasse, soy sauce residues, acid-sludge, and the offcuts in slaughter house etc., breed housefly more economical.Secondly, housefly maggot has been developed as forage protein, also can buy and obtain housefly pupa from the producer of some raising houseflies.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, the method for biological control red bayberry orchard Drosophila melanogaster, compared with using the fly pupa tiny golden wasp of fruit bat fly pupa breeding, is used fly pupa tiny golden wasp that housefly fly pupa obtains on to the control of fruit bat, and efficiency is higher.Use respectively housefly fly pupa and the breeding of Drosophila melanogaster fly pupa to obtain fly pupa tiny golden wasp, the fly pupa tiny golden wasp feature of two kinds of methods breeding and as follows to the parasitic rate contrast of fruit bat fly pupa: compared with passing through of the announcing fly pupa tiny golden wasp method that fruit bat fly pupa breeds, the fly pupa tiny golden wasp obtaining by this method has the features such as fertility is significantly higher, offspring's output is significantly more, individual life span is significantly grown, individuality is significantly larger; Compared with using fruit bat fly pupa, use the fly pupa tiny golden wasp of housefly fly pupa breeding in the time of parasitic fruit bat fly pupa, parasitic time significant prolongation, parasitic rate enlarge markedly; Use the fly pupa tiny golden wasp that housefly fly pupa is bred to breed higher than use fruit bat fly pupa significantly the parasitic rate utmost point of fruit bat fly pupa.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by the description to embodiment, to the specific embodiment of the present invention as the effect of the mutual alignment between the shape of related each member, structure, each several part and annexation, each several part and operation principle, manufacturing process and operation using method etc., be described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art to have more complete, accurate and deep understanding to inventive concept of the present invention, technical scheme.
A kind of red bayberry orchard fruit bat use housefly fly pupa of preventing and treating of the present invention substitutes the method that fruit bat fly pupa is bred parasitic wasp, comprises
1. obtain housefly fly pupa:
(1) become fly to raise: make the foster fly cage of 50 × 50 × 50cm, coated with 50 order nylon wires, the circular hole of fly cage side opening one diameter 15cm, and connect the nylon wire sleeve of a respective diameters, tighten with cord.The glass cuvette of the built-in 50ml of fly cage, holds housefly drinking water, and in water tumbler square cotton-wool a little, to facilitate housefly drinking-water; The culture dish of placing 1 diameter 9cm, holds into fly feed; Place again the culture dish of 1 diameter 9cm, hold the fine grain wheat bran of water content 65% left and right, as the base-material of laying eggs.In cage, put 1000 left and right houseflies and become fly, regularly in fly cage, supplement housefly drinking water and become fly feed.
(2) common house-fly grub is raised: use water content 65% wheat bran to lure housefly to lay eggs as culture base-material, base-material is placed in to the culture dish of 9cm, be put in fly cage, after 12 hours, take out culture dish, fly blow is placed in to the shallow plastic basin of diameter 40cm together with base-material, using water content 65% wheat bran as larvae feeds, raise 4~5 days, obtain mature larvae; In raising, spray a small amount of water with spray bottle every day, and the amount of sprinkling is advisable with moist the hardening of feed.In raising, if there is feed deficiency, feed all becomes dark color, should supplement in time corresponding wheat bran feed, and turns in old feed below newly adding feed.
(3) mature larva is collected: when the thin out yellow of common house-fly grub body colour of institute's feed, show that larva is aging, this has a small amount of larva to start to pupate often, mature larva is poured in 8 order stainless steel nylon mesh screens together with feed, mesh screen is cylindrical, diameter 30cm is aided with illumination with desk lamp above feed, and sprays a small amount of water with spraying bottle; Below nylon mesh screen, placing a large size round plastic basin, is advisable in the inclined-plane, inner side that just can be stuck in basin with stainless steel mesh screen edge; Basin bottom part below screen cloth is put a little dry wheat bran, the larvae pupation that Gong falls; By top illumination the method that squirts, collect mature larvae downwards; When collection, frequently with scuppit remove on mesh screen, not containing the feed of larva, to improve larva collection efficiency.
(4) larvae pupation: mature larvae is collected in the box of pupating and is pupated.The box of pupating uses and makes with the cylindrical seal plastic storage box of happy buckle closure, 10L, at vinyl cover middle part, cuts large portion with hot knife, and the marginal portion of lid leaves 3-5cm, guarantees the fastness of lid, then seals with 50 order nylon wires along notching edge with colloidal sol rifle.Pupate to add a small amount of dry wheat bran in box, to promote larvae pupation.The box of pupating keeps in Dark Place, and after 2 days, in box, most of larva completes and pupate.
(5) part fly pupa becomes fly as emergence housefly, adds in fly cage, and most of fly pupa can be used to breed parasitic wasp.
2. breed fly pupa tiny golden wasp
(1) in bee-keeping box, place the housefly fly pupa of pupating 2-3 days, by parasitic wasp: the ratio of fly pupa quantity than 1: 10 inoculated fly pupa tiny golden wasp; Feed and raise 10% hydromel, supplement parasitic wasp nutrition.
(2) change the housefly fly pupa in insect box every day, collect the not parasitic housefly sprouting wings, replenish in housefly fly cage;
(3) collect by parasitic housefly fly pupa, treat that fly pupa tiny golden wasp sprouts wings.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, the fly pupa tiny golden wasp queen bee metapedes tibia length obtaining is 0.42 ± 0.04mm (N=210), and using the fly pupa tiny golden wasp queen bee metapedes tibia length of fruit bat fly pupa breeding is 0.33 ± 0.04mm (N=150); Parasitic wasp metapedes tibia length is the index of body size, the significantly large (t of the fly pupa tiny golden wasp queen bee that this method obtains 358=22.57, P < 0.01), there is stronger existence and diffusivity.The fly pupa tiny golden wasp egg-laying period that method of the present invention obtains is 7.75 ± 2.55d (N=20), mean lifetime is 9.80 ± 2.55d (N=20), the egg-laying period of the fly pupa tiny golden wasp breeding take fruit bat fly pupa is 3.41 ± 2.62d (N=17), and mean lifetime is 4.17 ± 2.60d (N=17); The fly pupa tiny golden wasp life-span significant prolongation (t that this method obtains 35=6.63, P < 0.01), also significant prolongation (t of egg-laying period 35=5.09, P < 0.01); The fly pupa tiny golden wasp life-span significant prolongation (t that this method obtains 35=6.63, P < 0.01), also significant prolongation (t of egg-laying period 35=5.09, P < 0.01).The single queen bee offspring queen bee of the fly pupa tiny golden wasp that this method obtains is 23.65 ± 7.32 (N=20), and the single queen bee offspring queen bee of the fly pupa tiny golden wasp breeding take fruit bat fly pupa is 8.29 ± 5.38 (N=17); More (the t of fly pupa tiny golden wasp offspring queen bee digital display work that this method is bred 35=7.15, P < 0.01).Fly pupa tiny golden wasp all one's life that the present invention obtains can parasitic 36.15 ± 9.10 fruit bat fly pupas (N=20), the fly pupa tiny golden wasp all one's life that uses that fruit bat fly pupa breeds can parasitic 12.40 ± 7.04 fruit bat fly pupas (N=20), and both differences are (t extremely significantly 38=9.23, P < 0.01); The fly pupa tiny golden wasp of this method breeding has stronger control effect to fruit bat.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is exemplarily described above; obviously specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as adopted the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention design and technical scheme carry out; or without improving, design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. prevent and treat red bayberry orchard fruit bat and use housefly fly pupa to substitute the method that fruit bat fly pupa is bred parasitic wasp, it is characterized in that: comprise
(1) acquisition of housefly fly pupa;
(2) breed fly pupa tiny golden wasp.
2. according to a kind of method that red bayberry orchard fruit bat is used the alternative fruit bat fly pupa of housefly fly pupa to breed parasitic wasp of preventing and treating claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the acquisition of described housefly fly pupa comprises the steps:
(1) the foster fly cage of making 50 × 50 × 50cm, coated with 50 order nylon wires, the circular hole of fly cage side opening one diameter 15cm, circular hole place closely connects the nylon wire sleeve of a respective diameters, in fly cage, place housefly drinking water and become fly feed, in cage, put 1000 left and right houseflies and become fly, in regular replenishment fly cage housefly drinking water with become fly feed;
(2) common house-fly grub is raised: use water content 65% wheat bran to lure housefly to lay eggs as culture base-material, base-material is placed in to the culture dish of diameter 9cm, be put in fly cage, after 12 hours, take out culture dish, fly blow is placed in to the shallow plastic basin of diameter 40cm together with base-material, using water content 65% wheat bran as larvae feeds, raise 4-5 days, obtain mature larvae; In raising, spray a small amount of water with spray bottle every day, and the amount of sprinkling is advisable with moist the hardening of feed;
(3) mature larva is collected: when the thin out yellow of common house-fly grub body colour of institute's feed, larva is aging and with there being a small amount of larva to start to pupate, mature larva is poured in 8 order stainless steel nylon mesh screens together with feed, above feed, be aided with illumination, and spray a small amount of water with spraying bottle; Below nylon mesh screen, place a large size round plastic basin, stainless steel mesh screen edge card is in the inner side of basin; Basin bottom part is put a little dry wheat bran, connects the larvae pupation falling; Nylon wire top illumination the method squirting, collect mature larvae downwards; When collection, frequently remove with scuppit the feed that does not contain larva on mesh screen;
(4) larvae pupation: mature larvae is collected in the box of pupating and is pupated, and part fly pupa becomes fly as emergence housefly, adds in fly cage, and most of fly pupa can be used to breed parasitic wasp.
3. according to a kind of method that red bayberry orchard fruit bat is used the alternative fruit bat fly pupa of housefly fly pupa to breed parasitic wasp of preventing and treating claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described box of pupating uses to be made with the cylindrical seal plastic storage box of happy buckle closure, 10L, at vinyl cover middle part, cut large portion with hot knife, the marginal portion of lid leaves 3-5cm, then seals with 50 order nylon wires along notching edge with colloidal sol rifle.
4. according to a kind of method that red bayberry orchard fruit bat is used the alternative fruit bat fly pupa of housefly fly pupa to breed parasitic wasp of preventing and treating claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the described box of pupating, add a small amount of dry wheat bran, to promote larvae pupation; The box of pupating keeps in Dark Place, and after 2 days, in box, most of larva completes and pupate.
5. a kind ofly prevent and treat red bayberry orchard fruit bat and use housefly fly pupa to substitute the method that fruit bat fly pupa is bred parasitic wasp according to claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described one-tenth fly feed be white sugar and milk powder by etc. mass ratio mix.
6. according to a kind of method that red bayberry orchard fruit bat is used the alternative fruit bat fly pupa of housefly fly pupa to breed parasitic wasp of preventing and treating claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described fly pupa tiny golden wasp that breeds comprises the steps:
(1) in bee-keeping box, place the housefly fly pupa of pupating 2~3 days, inoculation fly pupa tiny golden wasp supplements the nutrients to parasitic wasp simultaneously;
(2) change the housefly fly pupa in insect box every day, collect the not parasitic housefly sprouting wings, replenish in housefly fly cage;
(3) collect by parasitic housefly fly pupa, treat that fly pupa tiny golden wasp sprouts wings.
7. according to a kind of method that red bayberry orchard fruit bat is used the alternative fruit bat fly pupa of housefly fly pupa to breed parasitic wasp of preventing and treating claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the ratio of described parasitic wasp inoculation is fly pupa tiny golden wasp: fly pupa quantity=1: 10.
8. according to a kind of method that red bayberry orchard fruit bat is used the alternative fruit bat fly pupa of housefly fly pupa to breed parasitic wasp of preventing and treating claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described is 10% hydromel to the supplementary nutrition of parasitic wasp.
CN201210448362.8A 2012-11-12 2012-11-12 Method for preventing and controlling waxberry orchard fruit flies by using housefly pupas to replace fruit fly pupas for breeding parasitic wasps Pending CN103798191A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106036259A (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-10-26 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 Artificial feed for larval delia antiqua (Meigen) as well as preparation method of artificial feed and raising method of larval delia antiqua (Meigen)
CN107439491A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-12-08 浙江大学 Strengthen the pupa parasitic wasp artificial breeding production method of drosophila class biological control effect
CN109006712A (en) * 2018-09-12 2018-12-18 安徽师范大学 A kind of method for breeding and breeding apparatus of Ling Mushi drosophila
CN110024749A (en) * 2019-04-11 2019-07-19 遵义市林业科学研究所 A kind of tiny golden wasp woodland child care device and nursing method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106036259A (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-10-26 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 Artificial feed for larval delia antiqua (Meigen) as well as preparation method of artificial feed and raising method of larval delia antiqua (Meigen)
CN107439491A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-12-08 浙江大学 Strengthen the pupa parasitic wasp artificial breeding production method of drosophila class biological control effect
CN109006712A (en) * 2018-09-12 2018-12-18 安徽师范大学 A kind of method for breeding and breeding apparatus of Ling Mushi drosophila
CN110024749A (en) * 2019-04-11 2019-07-19 遵义市林业科学研究所 A kind of tiny golden wasp woodland child care device and nursing method

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