CN114051988A - Application of ultraviolet irradiation in preventing and controlling tea silver geometrid and influencing growth traits of tea silver geometrid - Google Patents
Application of ultraviolet irradiation in preventing and controlling tea silver geometrid and influencing growth traits of tea silver geometrid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control, and particularly relates to application of ultraviolet irradiation in control of tea geometrid. The ultraviolet irradiation provided by the invention can effectively improve the death rate of the tea silver geometrid, shorten the service life of the tea silver geometrid, reduce the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid, improve the abnormal pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid, reduce the eclosion rate of the tea silver geometrid and reduce the egg laying rate of female adults, thereby achieving the effect of effectively preventing and controlling the tea silver geometrid, and reducing the generation number of next generation larvae by interfering the normal growth environment of the tea silver geometrid, thereby achieving the purpose of green prevention and control, and having important application value for preventing and controlling pests in a tea garden and providing the yield and quality of tea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control, and particularly relates to application of ultraviolet irradiation in controlling tea silver geometrid and influencing the growth traits of the tea silver geometrid.
Background
Tea geometrid, lepidoptera, family of ichthyidae and chewing mouthparts are one of important pests of tea trees, occur in each tea producing area in China, are fast in reproduction, have more generations, are fast in spread and easy to outbreak into disasters, and are the most serious in spring and autumn in one year. The larvae mainly eat tender leaves of tea trees, and only polish rods are left when serious occurrence occurs. At present, except a small amount of organic tea gardens, chemical pesticides are mostly adopted for preventing and controlling tea silver geometrid, so that the drug resistance of the tea silver geometrid is increased, and the quality of tea is seriously influenced by pesticide residues. The biological control has slow effect, is easily influenced by factors such as weather and human, and has unstable control effect. Therefore, the research on the new method for controlling the pests in the tea garden has important practical significance for improving the yield and the quality of the tea.
The insect vision can sense external light stimulation and plays an important role in the aspects of foraging, communication, devillicating, avoiding natural enemies and the like of the insects. The light trapping and killing technology based on insect phototaxis behavior is widely applied to pest monitoring and early warning and green prevention and control, for example, larvae are trapped and killed, repelled or development rhythm is disturbed by using phototaxis/phototaxis of insects, and egg drop amount of the larvae in the field is reduced so as to avoid large-scale incubation of the larvae.
However, phototactic behavior of insects is determined by various factors, such as the type of light source, sex of the insect, dark adaptation time, age of day of the insect, mating or not, etc.; and insects in different groups can feel the difference between the light wavelength range and the sensitive wavelength; the light intensity is also an important influence factor of insect phototaxis, the phototaxis reaction of insects under different illumination intensities is obviously different, and even some insects show opposite tropism due to the change of the light intensity. Based on the factors, the radiation method capable of effectively preventing and controlling the tea silverworm geometrid is very urgent for the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of ultraviolet irradiation in preventing and controlling tea silver geometrid, and the tea silver geometrid can be effectively prevented and controlled by adopting the ultraviolet irradiation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides application of ultraviolet radiation in any one or more of the following (I) to (V);
the method comprises the following steps of (I) preventing and controlling tea silver geometrid;
(II) the death rate of tea geometrid is improved;
(III) shortening the service life of tea geometrid;
(IV) the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid is reduced and the abnormal pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid is improved;
(V) the eclosion rate of the tea geometrid is reduced, and the egg laying rate of the female adults is reduced.
Preferably, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 400-430 nm.
Preferably, the irradiation time is 60-180 min.
Preferably, the age of the tea geometrid is 2-5 years.
Preferably, the irradiation intensity is 100-200 lux; the irradiation distance is 10-15 cm.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides application of ultraviolet irradiation in preventing and controlling tea geometrid. The ultraviolet irradiation provided by the invention can effectively improve the death rate of the tea silver geometrid, shorten the service life of the tea silver geometrid, reduce the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid, improve the abnormal pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid, reduce the eclosion rate of the tea silver geometrid and reduce the egg laying rate of female adults, thereby achieving the effect of effectively preventing and controlling the tea silver geometrid, and reducing the generation number of next generation larvae by interfering the normal growth environment of the tea silver geometrid, thereby achieving the purpose of green prevention and control, and having important application value for preventing and controlling pests in a tea garden and providing the yield and quality of tea.
Detailed Description
The invention provides application of ultraviolet irradiation in preventing and controlling tea geometrid.
In the invention, the tea silver geometrid comprises female worms and male worms.
In the present invention, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is preferably 400 to 430nm, more preferably 405 to 425nm, and further preferably 410 to 420 nm.
In the invention, the ultraviolet irradiation time is preferably 60-180 min, more preferably 90-150 min, and in the embodiment of the invention, the ultraviolet irradiation time specifically includes 60min, 90min, 120min, 150min or 180 min.
In the invention, the age of the tea geometrid is preferably 2-5 years, more preferably 2-3 years, and even more preferably 2 years.
In the invention, the ultraviolet irradiation intensity is preferably 100-200 lux, and more preferably 200 lux. In the invention, the ultraviolet irradiation distance is preferably 10-15 cm, and more preferably 15 cm. In the present invention, the farther the irradiation distance, the weaker the irradiation intensity.
The invention also provides application of ultraviolet irradiation in improving the death rate of tea geometrid. According to the invention, the death rate of the tea silver geometrid can be improved by carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on the larvae of 2-5 years old of the tea silver geometrid.
The invention also provides application of ultraviolet irradiation in shortening the service life of tea geometrid. According to the invention, the service life of the male and female adults of the tea silver looper can be effectively shortened by carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on the larvae of 2-5 years old of the tea silver looper.
The invention also provides application of ultraviolet irradiation in reducing the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid and improving the abnormal pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid. According to the invention, the ultraviolet irradiation is carried out on the larvae of the tea silver looper at the age of 2-5, so that the pupa weight of the tea silver looper can be effectively reduced, the pupation rate of the tea silver looper can be reduced, and the abnormal pupation rate of the tea silver looper can be improved.
According to the invention, the larvae of the tea silver geometrid at the age of 2-5 years are irradiated by the ultraviolet rays, so that the larval stage can be effectively shortened, and the life cycle of the tea silver geometrid is shortened.
The invention also provides application of ultraviolet irradiation in reducing eclosion rate of tea geometrid and egg laying rate of female adults.
In the application of improving the death rate of the tea silver geometrid, shortening the service life of the tea silver geometrid, reducing the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid, improving the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid, reducing the eclosion rate of the tea silver geometrid and reducing the egg laying rate of female adults, the ultraviolet irradiation mode is consistent with the technical scheme, and the description is omitted.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical solutions provided by the present invention is made with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1-1 is a graph showing the statistical results of the mortality rate of larvae of Ectropis obliqua in example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 3, examples 3-1 to 3-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 1-2 is a graph showing the statistical results of the mortality rate of larvae of Ectropis obliqua in example 2, examples 2-2 to 2-4, example 4, examples 4-1 to 4-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 2-1 is a graph showing the statistical results of the pupation rates of larvae of tea geometrid in example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 3, examples 3-1 to 3-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 2-2 is a graph showing the statistical results of the pupation rates of larvae of tea geometrid in example 2, examples 2-2 to 2-4, example 4, examples 4-1 to 4-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 3-1 is a graph showing the statistical results of the rate of abnormal pupae of the larvae of the tea geometrid in example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 3, examples 3-1 to 3-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 3-2 is a graph showing the statistical results of the rate of abnormal pupae of the larvae of the tea geometrid in example 2, example 2-2 to 2-4, example 4-1 to 4-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 4-1 is a graph showing the statistical results of the emergence rates of larvae of looper tea in example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 3, examples 3-1 to 3-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 4-2 is a graph showing the statistical results of the emergence rates of larvae of looper tea in example 2, examples 2-2 to 2-4, example 4, examples 4-1 to 4-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 5-1 is a graph showing the statistical results of the life spans of the female adults of the larvae of the tea geometrid in example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 3, examples 3-1 to 3-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 5-2 is a graph showing the statistical results of the life spans of the female adults of the larvae of the tea geometrid in example 2, examples 2-2 to 2-4, example 4, examples 4-1 to 4-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 6-1 is a graph showing the statistical results of the life spans of male adults of larvae of tea geometrid in example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 3, examples 3-1 to 3-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 6-2 is a graph showing the statistical results of the life spans of male adults of larvae of tea geometrid in example 2, examples 2-2 to 2-4, example 4, examples 4-1 to 4-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 7-1 is a graph showing the statistical results of the egg laying rate of the larvae of the looper tea in example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 3, examples 3-1 to 3-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 7-2 is a graph showing the statistical results of the egg laying rate of the larvae of the tea geometrid in example 2, examples 2-2 to 2-4, example 4, examples 4-1 to 4-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The tea silver geometrid insect source is from a river harbor white temple village tea garden in river district, Xinyang city, Henan province, and is grown into adults after 5 generations of fresh leaves are subcultured in an artificial climate box (RTOP-310Y type artificial climate box, Topo cloud agriculture technologies, GmbH, Zhejiang) under the conditions that the temperature is 22-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 60-70%, and the light period is 12L: 12D.
Taking 20 heads of 2-instar larvae of tea geometrid peeled in the same day, and putting the 2-instar larvae of tea geometrid into a culture dish, wherein 10 heads of female worms and 10 heads of male worms exist in each treatment. Placing the sample at 15cm away from ultraviolet irradiation (PM6612 digital luminometer, Shenzhen, Huayi Zhishi science and technology, Inc.) with wavelength of 400nm, irradiating for 60min with ultraviolet irradiation intensity of 200lux, setting 3 biological repeats, and averaging all property parameters of the 3 biological repeats. Placing the eggs under the same conventional breeding environment after ultraviolet irradiation for breeding until the eggs hatch larvae, wherein the size of the insect cage used for eclosion and oviposition of the tea silver geometrid is 50cm multiplied by 60 cm.
Examples 1 to 1
The procedure was as in example 1 except that the irradiation time was 90 min.
Examples 1 to 2
The procedure was as in example 1 except that the irradiation time was 120 min.
Examples 1 to 3
The procedure was as in example 1 except that the irradiation time was 150 min.
Examples 1 to 4
The procedure was as in example 1 except that the irradiation time was 180 min.
Example 2
The procedure of example 1 was repeated, except that the ultraviolet ray irradiation wavelength was 420 nm.
Example 2-1
The procedure was as in example 2 except that the irradiation time was 90 min.
Examples 2 to 2
The procedure was as in example 2 except that the irradiation time was 120 min.
Examples 2 to 3
The procedure was as in example 2 except that the irradiation time was 150 min.
Examples 2 to 4
The procedure was as in example 2 except that the irradiation time was 180 min.
Comparative example 1
The procedure was as in example 2 except that the irradiation time was 0 min.
Example 3
The same as example 1 except that the tea looper larvae were 5 th instar.
Example 3-1
The procedure was as in example 3 except that the irradiation time was 90 min.
Examples 3 to 2
The procedure was as in example 3 except that the irradiation time was 120 min.
Examples 3 to 3
The procedure was as in example 3 except that the irradiation time was 150 min.
Examples 3 to 4
The procedure was as in example 3 except that the irradiation time was 180 min.
Example 4
The procedure of example 1 was repeated, except that the larvae of tea looper were 5 th instar and the ultraviolet irradiation wavelength was 420 nm.
Example 4-1
The procedure was as in example 4 except that the irradiation time was 90 min.
Example 4 to 2
The procedure was as in example 4 except that the irradiation time was 120 min.
Examples 4 to 3
The procedure was as in example 4 except that the irradiation time was 150 min.
Examples 4 to 4
The procedure was as in example 4 except that the irradiation time was 180 min.
Comparative example 2
The procedure was as in example 4 except that the irradiation time was 0 min.
Test examples 1-1
The death number, pupation distortion number, pupation weight, pupation eclosion number, life of male and female adults (paired feeding), egg laying number and egg hatching number of the tea silver loopers fed in example 1, example 1-1 to 1-4, example 2-1 to 2-4, example 3-1 to 3-4, example 4-1 to 4-4, comparative example 1 to 2 were recorded every day. Meanwhile, the larval stage, the death rate, the pupation rate, the abnormal pupation rate and the eclosion rate of the silkworm are calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
and (3) larval stage: the survival time (days) of the larvae of 1-5 years, namely the survival time of the larvae in the whole larval stage is counted no matter the irradiation instar, if the larvae do not die, the larvae cover the whole larval stage, and if the larvae die in the larval stage, the total survival time from the source of the larvae to the death is counted;
the death rate (%) (number of dead larvae/total number of heads tested) is multiplied by 100;
pupation rate (%) < pupation head number/total test head number x 100;
abnormal pupa rate (%) -number of malformed pupae/total pupae number x 100;
eclosion rate (%) — number of eclosion imagoes/total pupation number × 100.
The test data were processed using Excel software and SPSS16.0(SPSS inc., Chicago, IL). Carrying out difference significance test between treatments in different irradiation times by adopting a Duncan's new complex pole difference method; the significance of the differences between treatments with different ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths was tested by F.
The results of example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 2, examples 2-1 to 2-4 and comparative example 1 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of ultraviolet radiation on growth and development of 2-instar larvae
Note: different letters in the same column show that the difference is remarkable at the level of 0.05, and lower case letters show that the difference is remarkable at the same wavelength and different processing times; capital letters indicate the significance of differences between different wavelengths for the same treatment time. The same letter indicates that the difference is not significant; the values in the table are all mean values. + -. standard error, as follows.
As can be seen from Table 1, the larval stages of the silver tea geometrid in examples 1 and 1-1 to 1-4 are shortened as compared with that in comparative example 1, so that the larval stages of the silver tea geometrid in examples 1-4 are shortened more remarkably, and the difference with that in comparative example 1 reaches a remarkable level. The growth period of the larval stage of the tea silver geometrid in the example 2 and the examples 2-1 to 2-4 is relatively shortened, and the larval stage difference is obvious with the same irradiation time in the example 1 and the examples 1-1 to 1-4. Therefore, the larval stage of the tea silver geometrid is gradually shortened along with the prolonging of the irradiation time, and the difference between the larval stage and the larval stage is obvious.
As can be seen from Table 1, the mortality rates of the tea geometrid in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4 and 2, 2-1 to 2-4 were all significantly increased compared to comparative example 1, and the mortality rate gradually increased with the increase of irradiation time. The significance of the differences of examples 1, 1-1, 2-1 and 1 is at the same level as that of comparative example 1, the differences from other treatments are significant, the mortality rate of examples 1-3, 1-4, 2-3, 2-4 is higher than that of other treatments, and the significance of the differences of examples 1-3, 1-4, 2-3, 2-4 and 1 is at the same level as that of comparative example 1.
Compared with the comparative example 1, the pupation rates of the examples 1 and 1-1 to 1-4 are obviously reduced, so that the pupation rate of the examples 1-4 is the lowest; compared with the comparative example 1, the pupation rates of the examples 2 and 2-1 to 2-4 are obviously reduced, so that the pupation rate of the examples 2-4 is the lowest; and under different ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths, the difference between the examples 1-3 to 1-4 and the examples 2-3 to 2-4 is significant.
Compared with the comparative example 1, the rate of abnormal pupae in the examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-4 is obviously increased, but the difference between the two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths is not obvious; under the same ultraviolet irradiation wavelength, the abnormal pupa rate is not increased obviously along with the extension of the irradiation time.
Compared with the comparative example 1, the weight average of pupae is obviously reduced in the examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-4; the difference significance of the example 1 and the examples 1-1 to 1-3 is at the same level with the comparative example 1, the pupa weight in the examples 1-4 is the smallest, and the pupa weight difference is significant with the examples 1 and 1-1 to 1-3; the pupa weight difference between different ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths is obvious, and the pupa weight is gradually reduced along with the time extension under the same irradiation wavelength.
The emergence rate shows the same trend as the pupa weight, the emergence rate of the pupa of the tea geometrid is gradually reduced along with the prolonging of the ultraviolet irradiation time, and the significance of the difference of the example 1, the example 1-4, the example 2-1-2-4 and the comparative example 1 is the same level and is significant compared with the comparative example 1. And under two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths, the difference between the irradiation time of the two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths is not different except that the difference between the two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths of the two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths is obvious from that of the two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths is not different from that of the two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths.
The results of examples 3, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1 to 4-4 and 2 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of UV irradiation on growth and development of 5 th instar larvae
As can be seen from Table 2, the larval stages of the tea silver geometrid in examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-4 are all shortened as compared with the comparative example 2; compared with the comparative example 2, the larval stages of the tea silver loopers in the examples 4 and 4-1 to 4-4 are obviously shortened, and the larval stages of the tea silver loopers in the examples 4-3 and 4-4 are obviously different. At the same time, the difference in larval stage between the irradiation times of 90min (example 3-1 and example 4-1), 120min (example 3-2 and example 4-2) and 180min (example 3-4 and example 4-4) at the two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths was significant, mainly showing that the larval stage was more shortened at the irradiation wavelength of 420 nm.
Compared with the comparative example 2, the death rates of the tea geometrid in the examples 3, 3-1-3-4, 4 and 4-1-4 are all obviously improved, but the difference between different irradiation times is not obvious under the same irradiation wavelength; meanwhile, under two ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths, the difference of the death rate between the irradiation time of 90min (example 3-1 and example 4-1) and the irradiation time of 120min (example 3-2 and example 4-2) is obvious, and the death rate of the tea silver geometrid under the irradiation wavelength of 420nm is higher than that under the irradiation wavelength of 400 nm.
Compared with the comparative example 2, the pupation rate of the tea geometrid in the examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-4 is obviously reduced; compared with the comparative example 2, the pupation rates of the tea-silver geometrid in the examples 4 and 4-1 to 4-4 are reduced, and the differences between the other examples and the comparative example 2 reach a significant level except that the pupation rates of the examples 4-4 and the comparative example 2 are not significant.
Compared with the comparative example 2, the rate of abnormal pupae of the tea geometrid in the examples 3, 3-1 to 3-4, 4 and 4-1 to 4-4 is obviously increased.
Compared with the comparative example 2, the weight average of pupae of the tea geometrid in the examples 3, 3-1 to 3-4, 4 and 4-1 to 4-4 is obviously reduced; under the same irradiation wavelength, the pupa weight of the tea geometrid gradually decreases along with the extension of the irradiation time; and under the same irradiation time, the pupa weight difference of the tea geometrid between the two irradiation wavelengths is obvious. From this, it is known that the change trend of the pupa weight gradually decreases with the increase of the irradiation time.
Compared with the comparative example 2, the emergence rates of the tea silver loopers in the examples 3, 3-1 to 3-4 and 4, 4-1 to 4-4 are greatly reduced, and the difference between the emergence rates of the tea silver loopers in the examples 3-4 and 4-4 and the emergence rate in the comparative example 2 reaches a significant level.
The result data in the tables 1 and 2 are combined to obtain that the stress resistance of the looper griseus is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the age of the looper griseus and the adaptability to adverse environment is increased, thereby laying a foundation for population multiplication.
Test examples 1 to 2
The results of comparing example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4, example 2, examples 2-1 to 2-4, example 3, examples 3-1 to 3-4, example 4, examples 4-1 to 4-4, and the mortality, pupation rate, teratogenesis rate, and eclosion rate of the tea silver loopers reared in comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 4-2.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1-1 and 1-2, the mortality of the larvae of the looper tea was the same in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4 and 2, 2-1 to 2-4 and 3, 3-1 to 3-4 and 4, 4-1 to 4-4, and the mortality of the larvae of looper tea was gradually increased with the increase of the irradiation time. And significantly lower than the mortality rates in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, respectively. Therefore, the death of the tea silverworm caused by ultraviolet radiation is related to the age of the insects, and the lower the age of the insects, the weaker the resistance and the higher the death rate.
As can be seen from FIGS. 2-1 and 2-2, the pupation rates of the larvae of the tea silver geometrid in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4 and 2, 2-1 to 2-4 were significantly lower than those of the tea silver geometrid in examples 3, 3-1 to 3-4 and 4, 4-1 to 4-4, respectively. Therefore, under the same ultraviolet irradiation wavelength, the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid larvae is greatly influenced by the larva age.
As can be seen from FIGS. 3-1 and 3-2, the rate of abnormal pupae of the looper tea in examples 3, 3-1 to 3-4 and 4, and 4-1 to 4-4 was significantly higher than that of the larval tea looper tea in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4 and 2-2 and 2-1 to 2-4, respectively. Therefore, under the same ultraviolet irradiation wavelength, the influence of ultraviolet irradiation on the pupation quality of the larvae of 5-instar tea looper is larger, and the pupal distortion rate is increased.
As can be seen from FIGS. 4-1 and 4-2, the feathering rates of the silver tea geometrids in examples 1, 1-2 to 1-3 and 3, 3-2 to 3-3 are significantly different, and the feathering rates of the silver tea geometrids in examples 3, 3-2 to 3-3 are significantly higher than those of the silver tea geometrids in examples 1, 1-2 to 1-3; the feathering rates of the example 3, the example 3-3 and the example 4, the example 4-3 are different, and the feathering rates of the tea-silver geometrid in the example 4, the example 4-3 are higher than those in the example 3, the example 3-3. Therefore, under the same irradiation time with the same ultraviolet irradiation wavelength, the eclosion rate of the larvae is greatly influenced by the ultraviolet irradiation on the larvae of the 2-instar tea geometrid.
Test example 2-1
The lives of adult female and male tea loopers obtained by breeding in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-4, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1 to 4-4, and 1-2 were counted, and the results are shown in tables 3 to 4.
TABLE 3 Effect of radiation on adult Life of 2 instar larvae
As can be seen from Table 3, the life of the females in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-4 was greatly reduced compared to that of comparative example 1, wherein the significance of the difference between the females in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-2, 2-1 to 2-2 and comparative example 1 was at the same level when the irradiation time was 60min to 120min (i.e., examples 1, 1-1 to 1-2, 2-1 to 2-2); the difference between the life of the female insects in 150 min-180 min (namely the examples 1-3-1-4 or the examples 2-3-2-4) and the life of the female insects in the comparative example 1 is obvious, and the difference between the life of the female insects and the life of other irradiation time does not reach a remarkable level. Compared with the comparative example 1, the service lives of the males in the examples 1-1 to 1-4 are obviously reduced compared with the service lives of the males in the comparative example 1 except that the difference of the service lives of the males in the example 1 does not reach a significant difference level;
compared with the comparative example 1, the service lives of the male worms and the female worms in the examples 2 and 2-1 to 2-4 are greatly reduced, wherein the service lives of the male worms and the female worms in the irradiation time of 60-120 min (namely, the examples 2 and 2-1 to 2-2) are not significantly different from the service life of the male worms and the female worms in the comparative example 1; and the difference between the lives of the males and the females in 150 min-180 min (namely, examples 2-3-2-4) and comparative example 1 reaches a significant level, which shows that the lives of the females and the males are significantly shortened.
The analysis can be integrated to obtain that the service life of the tea silver geometrid male worms is higher than that of the female worms under the same irradiation time of the same irradiation wavelength, and the service lives of the female worms and the male worms have no obvious difference among different irradiation wavelengths.
TABLE 4 Effect of radiation of 5 th instar larvae on adult Life
As can be seen from Table 4, the life spans of the females in examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-4 were significantly reduced as compared with those in comparative example 2, but the difference in life spans between the females in examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-4 was not significant.
Compared with the comparative example 2, the service lives of the males in the examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-4 are greatly reduced, wherein the service lives of the males in the irradiation time of 60-90 min (namely, the examples 3 and 3-1) are not obviously different from the service life of the male in the comparative example 2, the service lives of the males in the irradiation time of 120 min-180 min (namely, the examples 3-2 to 3-4) are obviously different from the service life of the male in the comparative example 2, and the significance of the differences of the examples 3-2 to 3-4 and the comparative example 2 is in the same level.
The difference between the life span of the male worms or the female worms in the examples 4 and 4-1 to 4-4 and the life span of the male worms or the female worms in the comparative example 2 is consistent with the difference trend of the male worms or the female worms in the examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-4 and the comparative example 2.
By combining the analysis, the service lives of the female and male tea geometrid show a descending trend along with the prolonging of the irradiation time under the same irradiation wavelength.
Test examples 2 to 2
The lives of adult female and male tea loopers obtained by breeding in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-4, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1 to 4-4, and 1-2 were counted, and the results are shown in FIGS. 5-1 to 6-2.
As can be seen from FIGS. 5-1 and 5-2, the life span of the female adults of ectropis obliqua in examples 1 and 1-1 to 1-4 is not significantly different from that of the female adults in examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-4; the life of the tea silver geometrid female adults in the examples 2 and 2-1 to 2-4 is not obviously different from that of the tea silver geometrid female adults in the examples 4 and 4-1 to 4-4. Therefore, the same irradiation wavelength is adopted to irradiate the larvae of 2 th age and the larvae of 5 th age for the same time, and the service lives of the female adults and the larvae of 2 th age are not obviously different.
As can be seen from FIGS. 6-1 and 6-2, the service life of the silver tea geometrid males in examples 3-2 to 3-4 is longer than that of the male adults in examples 1-2 to 1-4, but the difference between the two is not significant; the life of the male tea-silver geometrid in example 3-1 was significantly longer than that of the male tea-silver geometrid adults in example 1-1. The life of the male adults of the tea-silver geometrid in the examples 2 and 2-1 to 2-4 fluctuates from the life of the male adults of the tea-silver geometrid in the examples 4 and 4-1 to 4-4, respectively, but the general trend is not different. Therefore, the service life of male adults of the tea loopers at low age is shortened by ultraviolet irradiation, and the influence on the larvae at larger age is relatively small.
Test example 3
The egg laying amount and egg laying rate of the adult looper tea were respectively counted in examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-4, 3-3, 3-1 to 3-4, 4-1 to 4-4, and 1-2, and the results are shown in Table 5, 6-1, 6-2, 7-1, and 7-2.
Wherein the oviposition rate is calculated by the following formula: the egg laying rate (%) — the number of egg laying female adults/the number of hatching female insects × 100.
TABLE 5 Effect of radiation larvae on adult egg laying Rate
As can be seen from Table 5, the egg laying rate of the adults in each example was somewhat decreased as compared with those in comparative examples 1 and 2, and the egg laying rate was in a decreasing tendency as the UV irradiation time was extended.
Among them, the egg laying rate of the adults in example 1, examples 1-1 to 1-4 and examples 2, 2-1 to 2-4 was drastically reduced, wherein the egg laying rate in examples 1-4 and examples 2-4 was 43.33% and 52.00%, respectively, and was reduced by 56.67% and 48.00%, respectively, as compared to the egg laying rate in comparative example 1. The spawning rate under the irradiation time of 60-120 min (namely, the example 1 and the examples 1-2) is not significantly different from that of the comparative example 1, and the spawning rate under the irradiation time of 150-180 min (namely, the examples 1-3-1-4) is significantly different from that of the comparative example 1.
In addition, there were differences in the adult egg laying rate between examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-4 and examples 4 and 4-1 to 4-4. The egg laying rates of the adults in the examples 3-4 and the adults in the comparative example 2 are obviously different, and the egg laying rates of the adults in the examples 3 and 3-1-3 are different from those in the comparative example 2, but the difference is not obvious; the egg laying rates of the adults in the examples 4 and 4-1 to 4-3 are significantly different from the egg laying rates of the adults in the comparative examples 2 and 4-4.
In conclusion, under the same ultraviolet irradiation wavelength, the longer the irradiation time is, the lower the egg laying rate of the female insects is, and the egg laying rate of the adults irradiated by ultraviolet rays for 2-year larvae is more remarkably reduced than that of the adults irradiated by ultraviolet rays for 5-year larvae.
TABLE 6-1 Effect of radiation of 2 instar larvae on egg laying amount of Single-head female adults
TABLE 6-2 Effect of radiation of 5 th instar larvae on egg laying amount of Single-head female adults
As shown in tables 6-1 and 6-2, the amount of oviposits per female showed a tendency to decrease with the irradiation time at both ultraviolet irradiation wavelengths.
Wherein, compared with the comparative example 1, the single-female oviposition amount in the examples 1, 1-1 to 1-4, 2-1 to 2-4 is obviously reduced; and the single-female oviposition amount in the example 2 and the examples 2-1 to 2-4 is lower than that in the example 1 and the examples 1-1 to 1-4.
In addition, the amount of monofemale oviposites was significantly reduced in examples 3, 3-1 to 3-4, and 4-1 to 4-4, as compared with comparative example 2. Wherein the amount of single-female oviposits was significantly reduced in example 3-2 as compared with example 3 and example 3-1; the amount of single-female eggs laid was significantly reduced in example 4-2 as compared with example 4 and example 4-1. The single female oviposition was the lowest in examples 3-4 and examples 4-4, each significantly lower than in the other examples corresponding to the irradiation wavelength.
Meanwhile, the variation trend of the single-female highest egg laying amount is the same as that of the single-female egg laying amount, and the single-female highest egg laying amount gradually shows a descending trend along with the prolonging of the irradiation time under the same irradiation wavelength; and under the same irradiation time, the single-female highest egg laying amount under the irradiation wavelength of 420nm is lower than that under the irradiation wavelength of 400 nm.
As can be seen from FIGS. 7-1 and 7-2, the egg laying rates of the adult females in examples 1 and 1-1 to 1-2 were higher than those of the adult females in examples 3 and 3-1 to 3-3, respectively; the egg laying rate of the female adults in the examples 1-3 to 1-4 is respectively lower than that of the female adults in the examples 3-3 to 3-4, and the difference between the egg laying rates is obvious; the egg laying rate of the female adults in the examples 2 and 2-1 to 2-2 is higher than that of the female adults in the examples 4 and 4-1 to 4-3; the egg laying rates of the female adults in examples 2-3 to 2-4 were lower than those of the female adults in examples 4-3 to 4-4, respectively, and the difference therebetween was significant. From this, it is known that the egg laying rate of the female adults tends to decrease with the increase of the irradiation time under the same irradiation wavelength condition.
The embodiment shows that the ultraviolet irradiation of the larvae of 2 to 5 years old provided by the invention can effectively improve the death rate of the tea silver geometrid, shorten the service life of the tea silver geometrid, reduce the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid, improve the abnormal pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid and reduce the eclosion rate of the tea silver geometrid. Particularly, after 2-instar tea silver looper larvae are subjected to ultraviolet irradiation, all parameters of the 2-instar tea silver looper larvae are remarkably different from those of a comparative example, and presumably, the 2-instar tea looper larvae have thinner body walls and weaker resistance. Meanwhile, the ultraviolet radiation provided by the invention can reduce the egg laying amount of the tea looper adults, shorten the life cycle, reduce the hatching rate and the like, and reduce the generation number of next generation larvae by interfering the normal growth environment of the tea looper adults, thereby achieving the purpose of green prevention and control.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The application of ultraviolet radiation in any one or more of the following (I) to (V);
the method comprises the following steps of (I) preventing and controlling tea silver geometrid;
(II) the death rate of tea geometrid is improved;
(III) shortening the service life of tea geometrid;
(IV) the pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid is reduced and the abnormal pupation rate of the tea silver geometrid is improved;
(V) the eclosion rate of the tea geometrid is reduced, and the egg laying rate of the female adults is reduced.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet light has a wavelength of 400 to 430 nm.
3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the UV irradiation time is 60 to 180 min.
4. The use according to claim 1, wherein the tea silver geometrid is aged 2-5 years.
5. The use according to claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet radiation intensity is 100 to 200 lux; the irradiation distance is 10-15 cm.
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