KR102390870B1 - Long-term Storage Method of Zophobas atratus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for long-term storage of Megalopod Americana designed to reduce the mortality rate and to grow into spawnable adults.

Description

Long-term Storage Method of Zophobas atratus

The present invention relates to a method for long-term storage of American mealworm.

Insects have similar protein content compared to livestock, but have less damage from factors such as global warming, air and water pollution, land degradation, and reduction of biodiversity, so they are environmentally friendly and have high feed conversion efficiency. Accordingly, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) evaluated the value of insects and designated them as future food resources.

Because many insect species are nutritionally rich, insects are used as food for other animals in natural ecosystems. In Korea, it has been used as pet food for about 10 years, and insect lovers or zoos have started to directly breed insects. Representative insects for animal feed are insects of the family Tenebrionidae. Several studies have been conducted on the growth characteristics, artificial breeding methods, and artificial feeds of these insects.

American Meal ( Zophobas) atratus ) is an insect belonging to the class Insects, Coleoptera, Meuraceae, and Melanoptera. The larvae of American Mealworm are known to grow up to 50-60 mm, so they are also called superworms or supermealworms. The larva of the American mealworm is relatively larger than the larva of the brown mealworm (mealworm) and has been mainly used as a protein supply source for pets such as lizards, turtles, frogs, salamanders, birds, and koi.

Recently, although the demand for American roach is increasing, there is a shortage of stable demand sources. Accordingly, there is a problem in the farmhouse that there is a problem that the American mealworm cannot be sufficiently supplied during the period of increasing demand, and that it is overproduced and must be discarded during the period of low demand.

As a method of long-term storage of insects, Korean Patent No. 10-1785097 discloses that to fix the horned shears bees, leave them at room temperature for 2-3 months, and then store them refrigerated at 0°C to 5°C for long-term storage of the horned shears. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1661903 discloses that the eggs of Colemanijindibe are developed at a low temperature of 15±1°C until they become mothers, and then the obtained motherfish are i) 15-30 at 2°C-8°C. After time storage, ii) storing at 18 ° C. to 22 ° C. for 0.5 to 4 hours as one cycle and repeating the above cycle discloses that Colimani Jindi can be stored for a long time, and Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1153456 Ho discloses that long-term storage is possible by inducing dormancy of the larvae under the conditions of 20℃ and LD 10:14h or less in the method of breeding large scarlet butterfly all year round indoors. there is no bar

Accordingly, it is required to develop a method for long-term storage of American mealworm so that it can be supplied stably in accordance with the demand, lower the mortality rate, and improve productivity.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an optimized method for long-term storage of American meringue.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for long-term storage of American mongoose, which is optimized to have a spawning function when it is grown as an adult, and lowers the mortality rate as a method for long-term storage.

In the present invention, the term "long-term storage" or "storage" means to stop the growth of living things and to provide an appropriate environment so that life functions are not active, and means dormancy treatment.

In the present invention, the term "breaking dormancy" means that the growth or activity of an organism is resumed while the factor of dormancy is removed.

According to the present invention, the method for long-term storage of Megalodon Americana may be to dormant treatment of Mechloe U.S.A. during the larval stage.

According to the present invention, it is preferable to dormancy treatment of the larval stage of American mealworm because it has a high rate of emergence and can minimize the rate of adult malformations.

According to the present invention, the larval period of the American mealworm may be the age of death. If stored at an early larval stage, for example, 1 instar, all larvae may die during storage. Larvae grow while molting, and each time they molt, they are called 1st instar and 2nd instar. The last instar of the larval age just before the last molting and becoming a pupae is called Jongnyeong.

According to the present invention, the dormancy treatment of the American mealworm may be carried out at about 18 to 22 °C, preferably at 19 to 21 °C. Specifically, the dormancy treatment may be performed at about 20 °C.

For general larvae, dormancy treatment may not be possible when the temperature exceeds 20°C, so dormancy treatment is usually performed at 5 to 20°C. However, if stored at less than 18 ° C., it is preferable to dormancy at 18 to 22 ° C., because it may be difficult to grow into an adult having a spawning function regardless of the developmental period.

According to the present invention, the storage (dormant period) of the American mealworm may be 1 to 35 days, preferably 1 to 32 days, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 , 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 , 32, 33, 34 or 35 days may be stored. More preferably, the storage of the American mealworm may be 1 to 30 days, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, It may be stored for 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 or 30 days.

The storage of the American mealworm reduces the supply by putting the American mealworm dormant when the supply of the American mealworm exceeds the market's demand, and breaking the dormancy of the American mealworm in storage when the supply is insufficient compared to the demand for the American mealworm. This may be to provide a balance between supply and demand. At this time, if the storage period of the American mealworm exceeds 35 days, it may die during storage, and even if it survives, it may be difficult to grow into an adult having a spawning function, so it is preferable to store it so as not to exceed the above period.

According to the present invention, a preferred method for long-term storage of Melancholy is to make it dormant at 18 to 22° C., preferably 19° C. to 21° C., more preferably about 20° C., at the larval stage of the larval stage, and within 35 days. , preferably within 32 days, more preferably within 30 days. When dormant under the above conditions, the mortality rate during the storage period is low, the emergence rate is excellent, and the malformation rate of the adult is low, so it is industrially advantageous.

According to the present invention, the long-term storage of the American mealworm may be for controlling the production or shipment timing of the American mealworm.

According to the present invention, it was confirmed that the survival rate was very low in the case of dormancy in the adult period of the American mongoose. A typical dormancy treatment temperature is 5 to 20 ° C., but when the American mongoose adults are stored at 5 to 10 ° C., all of the adults may die. In addition, in the case of storing the adult American mongoose at 15 to 20 ° C., the survival rate of the adult may be very low, and even if it is an adult surviving, it is not preferable because the spawning function is lowered to have low fertility or loss of reproductive ability. .

According to the present invention, in the case of dormancy in the pupa period, the mortality rate is high, the fugitive rate is low, and the malformation rate of the adult is high. In the case of dormancy at 5 to 10 °C during the pupa period, they may not become adults and die regardless of the time of the pupa. It is undesirable because the malformation rate of adults is very high and reproduction is difficult.

According to the present invention, the long-term storage method may be to reduce the mortality of the American mealworm and to make it dormant to have a spawning function when grown into an adult.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for controlling the population of American mealworm, wherein, when the supply amount of American mealybug increases than the demand, the larvae of the American mealybug are dormant at 18-22 ° C., and the American kingfisher If the supply of mealworms is less than the demand, it may include breaking dormancy of Mealworm larvae at the age of 1 to 35 days after dormancy at 18-22 ° C.

The method for controlling the number of individuals according to the present invention is characterized in that the dormancy breakage and the American crocodile grown into adults are adults having a spawning function.

The method for dormant treatment and long-term storage of American mealworm according to the present invention can reduce the mortality of American mealworm and can grow it into an adult with a high probability of spawning, so It can be usefully applied where adjustment is required.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the survival rate of the American mongoose according to the storage time and storage temperature.
Figure 2a is a diagram showing the dissolution rate and pupa period (solubilization period) according to the storage time and storage temperature of the larvae of A. larvae, and FIG. 2b is the larvae of A. larvae stored at about 20 ° C. and the control group (at about 30 ° C.) It is a diagram showing the dissolution rate and pupa period of the reared American king mealworm larvae).
Figure 3a is a diagram showing the eclipse rate and the period of time taken for the pupae of A. pheasant larvae stored at about 20 °C and a control group (A. larvae bred at about 30 °C), Figure 3b is the storage of pupae It is a diagram showing the rate of allegation according to the time and storage temperature and the period taken for the allegation.
Figure 4a is a diagram evaluating the growth (survival rate) and teratogenicity of the larvae of the American larvae stored at about 20 ° C and the control (American larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the American larvae reared at about 30 ° C), and FIG. 4b is about 20 It is a diagram evaluating the growth (survival rate) and teratogenicity of the pupae stored at ℃ and the control group (A. pheasantworm reared at about 30℃) into adults.
5a to 5c show comparison of the number of eggs (a), the cumulative number of eggs (b) and the average number of eggs (c) of adults stored at about 20 ° C. it paid off

Hereinafter, preferred examples are presented to help the understanding of the present invention, but the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible within the scope and spirit of the present invention, It goes without saying that such variations and modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Example 1. Evaluation of survival rate according to storage time and storage temperature

In order to establish a storage method for the tropical species of American roaches for the case where it is necessary to store it for the control of production, the survival rate according to the storage period and storage temperature was evaluated. The storage period was evaluated for larvae (1st instar, old age), pupae (0 days, 7 days) and adults (0 days, 30 days), and the storage temperature was 5℃, 10℃, 15℃ and 20℃ for 30 days. After storage, the survival rate was investigated, and it is shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1 .

division Survival rate (%) 15℃ 20℃
larva 1st instar - - commander 98.3±2.9 96.7±2.9
pupa Day 0 50.0±30.4 86.7±12.6 Day 7 98.3±2.9 100±0.0
imago Day 0 15.0±8.7 68.3±7.6 Day 30 15.0±0.0 20.0±5.0

When the storage temperature was 5 ℃ and 10 ℃, all of the larvae, pupae, and adults died, but at storage temperatures of 15 ℃ and 20 ℃, the mortality rate decreased, and at about 20 ℃, the survival rate was generally higher than 15 ℃.

In the case of larvae, 1st instar died at all storage temperatures, and 98.3±2.9% of larvae survived at 15℃ storage, but there was a problem in that they all died after maintaining homelessness. On the other hand, in the case of storage at 20°C, 96.7±2.9% survived, indicating a relatively high survival rate. In the case of pupae, half died and 50.0±30.4% survived at 15℃ storage on the 0th day, whereas the survival rate increased at 20℃ storage on the 0th day and 86.7±12.6% survived. On the other hand, when stored on the 7th day of the pupa, 98.3±2.9% survived at 15°C, and 100% survived at 20°C, confirming that the survival rate was very high. As shown in Table 1, most of the storage of the adults showed a low survival rate of less than 20%, and only the case of storage at 20°C on the 0th day of the adults showed a survival rate of 68.3±7.6%.

The above results show that the larvae and pupae should be stored at the end-of-life and late stages, and when the adults need to be stored, it is advantageous to store them at an early stage to increase the survival rate.

Example 2. Larvae according to storage temperature dissolution rate and pupa period evaluation

The dissolution rate and dissolution period (pupa period) according to the storage time and storage temperature of the American mealworm larvae were evaluated, and these are shown in Table 2 and FIG. 2a.

division Dissolution rate (%) Softening period (days) 15℃ 20℃ 15℃ 20℃
larva 1st instar - - - - commander - 95.0±0.0 - 22.3±2.4

When the larvae were stored at 15°C at the end-of-life period, all of them did not pupate. On the other hand, when stored at 20 °C, it showed a dissolution rate of 95.0%, and the dissolution period took about 22.3 days. Therefore, it was evaluated that it is desirable to store the larvae of the American mealworm at about 20℃ at the end of life.

On the other hand, the dissolution rate and the period of dissolution of the larvae of the larvae of A. pheasant stored at 20 ℃ and the larvae of larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the larva of 30 ℃ as a control were evaluated. As shown in FIG. 2b, the dissolution rates of the larvae of the end-of-life period stored at 20° C. and the larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the larvae of the larva of 30° C. were 98.3% and 96.7%, respectively, although there was no significant difference. showed a difference. Caterpillar larvae reared at 30°C had an incubation period of 6 to 9 days, whereas those stored at 20°C took 17 to 23 days.

Example 3. Depending on the storage time and storage temperature allegorical rate and allegorical period

The larvae and pupae were evaluated according to the storage temperature and storage period, and the rate and period of emergence were evaluated, and it is shown in Table 3 and FIGS. 3a and b.

division Allegorical rate (%) Allegorical period (days) 15℃ 20℃ 15℃ 20℃
larva 1st instar - - - - commander - 93.3±7.6 - 18.7±1.5
pupa Day 0 - 86.7±12.6 - 25.1±0.7 Day 7 98.3±2.6 100.0±0.0 13.5±3.0 7.6±0.3

The group stored at 20℃ at the larval age showed an excellent hatching rate of 93.3±2.6%, and the average hatching period was 18.7 days. On the other hand, for the group stored in the pupa period, all groups stored at 15℃ on the 0th day did not evolve, and in the group stored at 20℃ on the 0th day, 86.7±12.6% of the groups evolved, and the period of evolution was 25.1 days on average. It took All groups stored on the 7th day of the pupae showed excellent fable rates, and the group stored at 15 °C had an eclipse rate of 98.3 ± 2.9% and the period to eclipse was an average of 13.5 days, and all groups stored at 20% ( 100%), and the period of allegation was also very short (7.6 days).

Example 4. Adults according to storage time and storage temperature malformation rate evaluation

The malformation rate of adults according to the storage time and storage temperature was evaluated, and it is shown in Table 4 and FIGS. 4a and b.

division Adult malformation rate (%) 15℃ 20℃
larva 1st instar - - commander - 45.0±17.3
pupa Day 0 - 78.2±12.3 Day 7 100.0±0.0 75.0±8.7

Referring to Figure 4a, there is no significant difference in growth (survival rate) between the larvae of A. larvae stored at 20 ℃ and the control group (A. larvae of larvae bred at 30 ℃), but there is a significant difference in the rate of malformations was confirmed to indicate In the case of the control group, the malformation rate of adults was as low as 8.3%, but the rate of malformation of the adult larvae stored at 20℃ reached 45%.

On the other hand, referring to FIG. 4b, 78.2±12.3% of the adults in the group stored at 20° C. on the 0th day of the pupa exhibited malformations, and 75.0±8.7% of the adults in the group stored at 20°C on the 7th day of the pupa were malformed. , and the group stored at 15℃ on the 7th day of pupa showed malformations in all adults. Through this, it was confirmed that storage in the pupa period is excellent, but the malformation rate of adults is high.

Example 5. Growth of adults according to storage temperature spawning water evaluation

The number of eggs laid by adults according to long-term storage was evaluated. In Example 1, the survival rate of the adults was 68.3% only when stored at 20°C in the early stage of evolution (day 0). The number of eggs laid, the cumulative number of eggs and the average number of eggs laid by the adults of the reared American larvae were shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, respectively.

Adults stored at 20°C laid an average of 197.6 eggs, and adults at 30°C laid an average of 305.8 eggs. Confirmed.

As mentioned above, the American mealworm is a tropical species, so it has no storage effect or low storage efficiency at all times (eggs, larvae, pupae, adults) and at all storage temperatures (5℃, 10℃, 15℃, 20℃). Confirmed. When storage is unavoidable, such as to control production, storing within 30 days at 20°C at the age of larvae can increase the dissolution rate of the American king mealworm (about 95%) and lower the malformation rate of adults (about 45%). .

Claims (10)

As a long-term storage method of American mealworm,
The method of dormancy treatment by storing the American mealworm at 18 to 22 ° C. during the larval period. According to claim 1,
The dormancy treatment of the American mealworm is for controlling the production or shipment timing of the American mealworm, the method. The method of claim 1,
The method of claim 1, wherein the larval stage is the larval stage. delete The method of claim 1,
The method of claim 1, wherein the storage is stored for 1 to 35 days. According to claim 1,
The dormancy treatment is to store the American mealworm at 18-22 ° C. for 1 to 35 days at the age of the larvae. 7. The method of claim 6,
The dormancy treatment is to store the American mealworm at 19-21 ° C. for 1 to 32 days at the age of the larvae. According to claim 1,
The long-term storage method is to reduce the mortality of the American mealworm, and to make it dormant to have a spawning function when grown as an adult. delete delete

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