CN113816762A - 一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate;nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
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- QZRHHEURPZONJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+) dinitrate nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QZRHHEURPZONJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,刚玉原料A中还添加了刚玉砂粗砂,刚玉砂粗砂的粒径更大,并且刚玉砂粗砂具有较多的尖锐棱角,使得刚玉砂粗砂间可以存在容纳较小粒径材料的孔隙,其中玉米面粉和小麦面粉作为有机粉末填充在这些孔隙中,在烧结后会生成氧化物和其他无机物,而曝气盘坯料中添加有增强剂,该增强剂中的硼酸和碱式碳酸镁在受热过程中不断分解,并在730℃左右两者反应生成Mg2B2O5及MgB4O7,而且在后续升温过程中不断生长成晶须,九水硝酸铁可以促进晶须的生长,这些晶须在三维空间上相互搭接增加曝气盘的结构强度,并减小曝气盘上的孔隙,使生产出的曝气器更加结实耐用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于曝气器技术领域,具体地,涉及一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺。
背景技术
刚玉曝气器是一种在污水的生化处理过程中常用的装置,通过曝气器上的微孔将氧气均匀的扩散到污水中,增加污水中的含氧量以供好氧微生物使用,从而增加这些微生物降解污水中有机物的速度,并且刚玉曝气器具有防腐蚀、耐老化、寿命长的特点,相比传统曝气设备更加经济、高效。
刚玉曝气器可分为半刚玉曝气器和全刚玉曝气器,半刚玉曝气器一般通过曝气盘和ABS底盘结合而成,使用时间久后会出现密封不严的情况;全刚玉曝气器包括曝气头和没有微孔的刚玉底盘粘结制成,更加经久耐用,有伞式和平板式。现有技术将全刚玉曝气器生产成钟罩型的过程中,钟罩型的曝气盘相较于半球形曝气盘结构强度低,容易塌陷,良品率大大下降。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,通过添加增强剂和在盘体内设置支撑架,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将刚玉原料A和增强剂混合后用搅拌机混合均匀,过80目筛后得到曝气盘坯料并收集备用;将刚玉原料B用搅拌机混合均匀后过80目筛得到底盘坯料并收集备用;上述增强剂和刚玉原料A的用量比为15g:100g;
步骤二:将曝气盘坯料放入曝气盘模具中并用刮板使曝气盘坯料分布均匀,用液压机压制成型,得到曝气盘坯,曝气盘坯为钟罩型;将底盘坯料放入底盘模具中并用刮板使底盘坯料分布均匀,用液压机压制成型,得到底盘坯;
步骤三:将曝气盘坯和底盘坯放入烘房中烘干7-9h,取出烘干的曝气盘坯和底盘坯,将曝气盘坯和底盘坯之间放入支撑架,再将曝气盘坯与底盘坯接触的部位用陶瓷胶粘合,静置25-35min得到盘体;该陶瓷胶为购买于武汉嘉石宝有限公司的白色云石胶;
步骤四:将盘体放置在窑车上并推入电窑炉内,在1155-1165℃的条件下烧制8.5-9.5h,使盘体烧制成熟后取出盘体自然冷却,将盘体四周和盘体中央的安装孔用600目的砂纸打磨光滑,将固定件安装在盘体上得到曝气器;
进一步地,上述刚玉原料A按质量份计包括如下原料:刚玉砂粗砂245-255份、刚玉砂细砂145-155份、高岭土18-22份、黄糊精8.5-8.8份、玉米面粉4-4.3份、氧化硅微粉0.2份、小麦面粉17-19份、水44-47份;
刚玉原料B按质量份计包括如下原料:刚玉砂细砂120-125份、高岭土18-20份、黄糊精7.5-8份、氧化硅微粉0.2份、水15-16份;
上述刚玉砂细砂为40-80目,刚玉砂粗砂为20-30目;
增强剂通过如下方法进行制备:
步骤S1:称取硼酸和碱式碳酸镁用气流粉碎机粗磨1.5-2h,将粗磨后的硼酸和碱式碳酸镁转移进湿式球磨机中并加入九水硝酸铁和水进行精磨得到混合材料,精磨时间为5-6h;硼酸、碱式碳酸镁、九水硝酸铁和水的用量比为90g:80g:3.6g:500mL;
步骤S2:将混合材料过250目筛,在烘房中烘干后研磨粉碎得到增强剂;
进一步地,该支撑架包括第一支撑圈和第二支撑圈,第一支撑圈与第二支撑圈之间阵列设置有若干根支撑杆;支撑架设置在盘体内后,第一支撑圈抵住曝气盘坯,第二支撑圈抵住底盘坯;固定件安装在盘体后,位于盘体内的固定件部分穿过第一支撑圈和第二支撑圈。
本发明的有益效果:
1、该刚玉曝气器在生产过程中首先压制出曝气盘坯和底盘坯,曝气盘坯和底盘坯在粘接前放入了支撑架,在后续烧结过程中将曝气盘坯和底盘坯烧结成完整的盘体;其中的支撑架起到支撑作用,防止钟罩型的曝气盘体产生塌陷,可以保证盘体的结构和形状不变。
2、该刚玉曝气器的生产工艺中,刚玉细砂作为主要材料不仅硬度高而且之间空隙小,并添加黄糊精作为辅料,使得底盘更加致密;氧化硅微粉耐温性能好、化学性能稳定,可以显著提高底盘的抗折、防渗和防腐性能;底盘坯料在压制成底盘坯经过后续烧结固化后,相比于传动的塑料式底盘更加坚实耐用;刚玉原料A中还添加了刚玉砂粗砂,刚玉砂粗砂的粒径更大,并且刚玉砂粗砂具有较多的尖锐棱角,使得刚玉砂粗砂间可以存在容纳较小粒径材料的孔隙,其中玉米面粉和小麦面粉作为有机粉末填充在这些孔隙中,在烧结后会生成氧化物和其他无机物,而曝气盘坯料中添加有增强剂,该增强剂中的硼酸和碱式碳酸镁在受热过程中不断分解,失去其中结晶水分子生成MgO和B2O3,在730℃左右两者反应生成Mg2B2O5及MgB4O7,并在后续升温过程中不断生长成晶须,九水硝酸铁可以促进晶须的生长,这些晶须在三维空间上相互搭接增加曝气盘的结构强度,并减小曝气盘上的孔隙,使生产出的曝气器更加结实耐用。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
制备增强剂,包括如下步骤:
步骤S1:称取1.8kg的硼酸和1.6kg的碱式碳酸镁用气流粉碎机粗磨1.5h,将粗磨后的硼酸和碱式碳酸镁转移进湿式球磨机中并加入72g九水硝酸铁和水进行精磨得到混合材料,精磨时间为5h;
步骤S2:将混合材料过250目筛,在烘房中烘干后研磨成干燥的细粉得到增强剂。
实施例2
步骤S1:称取1.8kg的硼酸和1.6kg的碱式碳酸镁用气流粉碎机粗磨1.8h,将粗磨后的硼酸和碱式碳酸镁转移进湿式球磨机中并加入72g九水硝酸铁和水进行精磨得到混合材料,精磨时间为5.5h;
步骤S2:将混合材料过250目筛,在烘房中烘干后研磨成干燥的细粉得到增强剂。
实施例3
步骤S1:称取1.8kg的硼酸和1.6kg的碱式碳酸镁用气流粉碎机粗磨2h,将粗磨后的硼酸和碱式碳酸镁转移进湿式球磨机中并加入72g九水硝酸铁和水进行精磨得到混合材料,精磨时间为6h;
步骤S2:将混合材料过250目筛,在烘房中烘干后研磨成干燥的细粉得到增强剂。
实施例4
制备刚玉曝气器,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:取24.5kg的30目刚玉砂粗砂、14.5kg的80目刚玉砂细砂、1.8kg高岭土、0.85kg黄糊精、0.4kg玉米面粉、20g氧化硅微粉、1.7kg小麦面粉和4.4kg水混匀得到刚玉原料A,再加入7.2kg实施例2中制得的增强剂并混合均匀,过80目筛后得到曝气盘坯料并收集备用;
取12kg的80目刚玉砂细砂、1.8kg高岭土、0.75kg黄糊精、20g氧化硅微粉和1.5kg水用搅拌机混合均匀得到刚玉原料B,过80目筛得到底盘坯料;
步骤二:将曝气盘坯料放入曝气盘模具中并用刮板使曝气盘坯料分布均匀,用液压机压制成钟罩型的曝气盘坯;将底盘坯料放入底盘模具中并用刮板使底盘坯料分布均匀,用液压机压制成型,得到底盘坯;
步骤三:将曝气盘坯和底盘坯放入烘房中烘干7h,取出烘干的曝气盘坯和底盘坯,将曝气盘坯和底盘坯之间放入支撑架并用陶瓷胶粘合,静置25min得到盘体;该支撑架包括第一支撑圈和第二支撑圈,第一支撑圈与第二支撑圈之间阵列设置有若干根支撑杆,使第一支撑圈抵住曝气盘坯,第二支撑圈抵住底盘坯。
步骤四:将盘体放置在窑车上并推入电窑炉内,在1155℃的条件下烧制8.5h,使盘体烧制成熟后取出盘体自然冷却,将盘体四周和盘体中央的安装孔用600目的砂纸打磨光滑,将固定件安装在盘体上得到曝气器。
实施例5
制备刚玉曝气器,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:取25kg的20目刚玉砂粗砂、15kg的60目刚玉砂细砂、2.0kg高岭土、0.86kg黄糊精、0.42kg玉米面粉、20g氧化硅微粉、1.8kg小麦面粉和4.6kg水混匀得到刚玉原料A,再加入7.4kg实施例2中制得的增强剂并混合均匀,过80目筛后得到曝气盘坯料并收集备用;
取12.3kg的60目刚玉砂细砂、1.9kg高岭土、0.78kg黄糊精、20g氧化硅微粉和1.5kg水用搅拌机混合均匀得到刚玉原料B,过80目筛得到底盘坯料;
步骤二:将曝气盘坯料放入曝气盘模具中并用刮板使曝气盘坯料分布均匀,用液压机压制成钟罩型的曝气盘坯;将底盘坯料放入底盘模具中并用刮板使底盘坯料分布均匀,用液压机压制成型,得到底盘坯;
步骤三:将曝气盘坯和底盘坯放入烘房中烘干8h,取出烘干的曝气盘坯和底盘坯,将曝气盘坯和底盘坯之间放入支撑架并用陶瓷胶粘合,静置30min得到盘体;该支撑架包括第一支撑圈和第二支撑圈,第一支撑圈与第二支撑圈之间阵列设置有若干根支撑杆,使第一支撑圈抵住曝气盘坯,第二支撑圈抵住底盘坯。
步骤四:将盘体放置在窑车上并推入电窑炉内,在1160℃的条件下烧制9h,使盘体烧制成熟后取出盘体自然冷却,将盘体四周和盘体中央的安装孔用600目的砂纸打磨光滑,将固定件安装在盘体上得到曝气器。
实施例6
制备刚玉曝气器,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:取25.5kg的20目刚玉砂粗砂、15.5kg的40目刚玉砂细砂、2.2kg高岭土、0.88kg黄糊精、0.43kg玉米面粉、20g氧化硅微粉、1.9kg小麦面粉和4.7kg水混匀得到刚玉原料A,再加入7.7kg实施例2中制得的增强剂并混合均匀,过80目筛后得到曝气盘坯料并收集备用;
取12.5kg的40目的刚玉砂细砂、2kg高岭土、0.8kg黄糊精、20g氧化硅微粉和1.6kg水用搅拌机混合均匀得到刚玉原料B,过80目筛得到底盘坯料;
步骤二:将曝气盘坯料放入曝气盘模具中并用刮板使曝气盘坯料分布均匀,用液压机压制成钟罩型的曝气盘坯;将底盘坯料放入底盘模具中并用刮板使底盘坯料分布均匀,用液压机压制成型,得到底盘坯;
步骤三:将曝气盘坯和底盘坯放入烘房中烘干9h,取出烘干的曝气盘坯和底盘坯,将曝气盘坯和底盘坯之间放入支撑架并用陶瓷胶粘合,静置35min得到盘体;该支撑架包括第一支撑圈和第二支撑圈,第一支撑圈与第二支撑圈之间阵列设置有若干根支撑杆,使第一支撑圈抵住曝气盘坯,第二支撑圈抵住底盘坯。
步骤四:将盘体放置在窑车上并推入电窑炉内,在1165℃的条件下烧制9.5h,使盘体烧制成熟后取出盘体自然冷却,将盘体四周和盘体中央的安装孔用600目的砂纸打磨光滑,将固定件安装在盘体上得到曝气器。
对比例1:在实施例2的基础上不添加九水硝酸铁,制备出增强剂,并按照实施例5的方法制备出刚玉曝气器。
对比例2:在实施例5的方法上不添加增强剂,其余步骤保持不变,制备出刚玉曝气器。
对比例3:在实施例5的方法上不使用支撑架,其余步骤保持不变,制备出刚玉曝气器。
对实施例4-6和对比例1-3进行性能测试,观察烧结后的曝气器的形态,情况记录如表1所示,并根据CJ/T 263-2018标准进行检测,结果如表2所示:
表1
项目 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 |
形态情况 | 完好 | 完好 | 完好 | 完好 | 完好 | 出现凹陷 |
表2
项目 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 |
抗压强度(单位:Pa) | 52 | 53 | 53 | 44 | 38 | 41 |
抗弯强度(单位:Pa) | 33 | 33 | 34 | 23 | 20 | 19 |
由表1和表2可以看出,添加有增强剂的刚玉曝气器不但形态完整,而且提高了抗压强度和抗弯强度;添加了支撑架的刚玉曝气器在烧结过后不会产生凹陷。
在说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明所作的举例和说明,所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,只要不偏离发明或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将曝气盘坯料放入曝气盘模具中压制成型,得到曝气盘坯,将底盘坯料放入底盘模具中并机压制成型,得到底盘坯;
步骤二:将曝气盘坯和底盘坯干燥7-9h,再将曝气盘坯和底盘坯之间放入支撑架并用陶瓷胶粘合,静置25-35min得到盘体;
步骤三:烧制盘体并自然冷却后将盘体用600目的砂纸打磨光滑,将固定件安装在盘体上得到曝气器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤三中盘体的烧制温度为1155-1165℃,烧制时间为8.5-9.5h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,其特征在于,步骤一中所述曝气盘坯料和底盘坯料制备过程如下:将刚玉原料A和增强剂混合均匀并过80目筛得到曝气盘坯料,将刚玉原料B混合均匀后过80目筛得到底盘坯料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述刚玉原料A按质量份计包括如下原料:刚玉砂粗砂245-255份、刚玉砂细砂145-155份、高岭土18-22份、黄糊精8.5-8.8份、玉米面粉4-4.3份、氧化硅微粉0.2份、小麦面粉17-19份、水44-47份。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述刚玉原料B按质量份计包括如下原料:刚玉砂细砂120-125份、高岭土18-20份、黄糊精7.5-8份、氧化硅微粉0.2份、水15-16份。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述增强剂和混合原料的用量比为15g:100g。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述刚玉砂细砂为40-80目,刚玉砂粗砂为20-30目。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种刚玉曝气器的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述增强剂通过如下方法进行制备:
步骤S1:将硼酸和碱式碳酸镁粗磨1.5-2h后加入九水硝酸铁和水精磨5-6h,得到混合材料;
步骤S2:将混合材料过250目筛,烘干后研磨粉碎得到增强剂。
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CN206357399U (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-07-28 | 浙江楠宋瓷业有限公司 | 陶瓷坯防变形装置 |
CN107140951A (zh) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-08 | 辽宁中镁高温材料有限公司 | 一种晶须复合高性能镁砖及其制造方法 |
CN107602091A (zh) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-19 | 山东理工大学 | 一种碟式氧化铝过滤膜的制备方法 |
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