CN101628807B - 一种简便的活性炭陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种简便的活性炭陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101628807B CN101628807B CN2009103057829A CN200910305782A CN101628807B CN 101628807 B CN101628807 B CN 101628807B CN 2009103057829 A CN2009103057829 A CN 2009103057829A CN 200910305782 A CN200910305782 A CN 200910305782A CN 101628807 B CN101628807 B CN 101628807B
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- Prior art keywords
- active carbon
- diatomite
- gac
- powder
- sintering
- Prior art date
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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Abstract
本发明提供一种简便的活性炭陶瓷及其制备方法，所述陶瓷的原料为为：生硅藻土：50～99％，活性炭：1～50％，制备方法，只需经过原料混合搅拌、成型、低温烧结等简单几个步骤。该方法利用生硅藻土的可塑性及其天然的微孔与低温烧结特性，与活性炭粉末直接混合后，采用各种成型方法，再经过低温烧结后就可得到成品。本发明的特点是：配方简单，工艺简便，原料易得，成本低廉，可按用户要求制成各种形状，并可再生使用，很适合大规模工业化生产。
Description
一种简便的活性炭陶瓷及其制备方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于一种复合陶瓷材料技术领域，具体涉及一种简便的活性炭陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
[0002] 活性炭作为一种孔隙发达的炭质材料，已经广泛用于分离，精制，催化剂，试剂回收及其他，特别是在公害治理方面得到广泛的应用。但是随着人们对活性炭的需求，质量要求的不断提高，活性炭也显现出诸多的缺点，例如强度低，大多产品为粉状、粒状，使用寿命短，回收再生使用费用高等，严重制约了活性炭的发展，成为业界的焦点。
[0003] 活性炭陶瓷材料可克服活性炭形状松散，强度低，回收困难等缺点，还可再生后使用，引起了世人的极大关注。但是，在活性炭陶瓷的制备方面，存在配方复杂、工序繁琐等诸多弊端。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明的目的是提供一种简便的活性炭陶瓷及其制备方法，解决现有技术中配方复杂、工序繁琐、产品性能不高等绝点，本发明方法利用生硅藻土的可塑性及其天然的微孔特性，与活性炭粉末直接混合后成型，再经过低温烧结就可得到成品，配方简单、工艺简便， 可按用户要求制成各种形状，并可再生使用；原料易得，成本低廉，很适合大规模工业化生产。
[0005] 本发明的活性炭陶瓷采用生硅藻土与活性炭为原料进行制备，所述原料配方，按照质量份数为：生硅藻土 ：50〜99%，活性炭：1〜50%。
[0006] 本发明的制备方法，只需经过原料混合搅拌、成型、低温烧结等简单几个步骤。
[0007] 本发明的效益和优越性在于：本发明以生硅藻土及活性炭粉末为原料，充分利用生硅藻土的可塑性及天然的微孔与低温烧结特性，与活性炭混合后成型、烧结即可制得一种活性炭多孔陶瓷材料，解决了活性炭强度低、使用寿命短、回收困难等缺点，广泛适用于水与空气的净化处理，并且可以加工成各种复杂形状，易于再生使用；制备方法简单易行， 原料易得，成本低廉，适合大规模工业化生产。
具体实施方式
[0008] 本发明所用的生硅藻土是指未煅烧的硅藻土。
[0009] 按照质量份数：生硅藻土 50〜99% ；活性炭1〜50%。
[0010] 具体制备步骤为：
[0011] (1)将生硅藻土与活性炭分别粉碎研磨经过200目的细筛；
[0012] (2)按上述配方秤取原料粉末混合，将混合后的原料按照（质量份数）混合料1 份、水0. 8〜1. 2份的比例投入搅拌机，搅拌0. 5〜2小时，得到粉料；
[0013] (3)将粉料经过成型，制成半成品坯体；[0014] (4)将半成品坯体烘干后，埋入预先配制好的气氛保护砂中，放入窑炉，在还原保护气氛及适当的热处理条件（以100〜500°C /h的升温速率升至700〜1000°C，保温时间 0. 5〜2h)下烧结热处理；
[0015] (5)自然冷却至室温，将烧结后的制品取出，清洗后烘干，即可制得活性炭陶瓷。
[0016] 所述烧结步骤中使用的气氛保护用砂为：用活性炭、石墨、木炭、煤炭或焦炭中的任何一种粉末与干燥河砂按（质量比）1 ： 1的比例研磨混合均勻，过20目筛后制备而成。
[0017] 下面结合具体实施例对本发明内容进行具体说明，但是本发明不仅限于此：
[0018] 实施例1 ：
[0019] 利用生硅藻土和活性炭为原料制备活性炭陶瓷。其原料配方如下，按照质量份数： 400目生硅藻土粉末70%，200目活性炭粉末30%。
[0020] 制备步骤：
[0021] (1)原料预处理：将生硅藻土、活性炭分别研碎，过200目筛。
[0022] (2)配料成型：按上述配方秤取原料并混合均勻，将混合后的原料按照（质量比） 混合料1份、水0. 8〜1. 2份的比例投入搅拌机，搅拌0. 5〜2小时，得到粉料，粉料采用半干压成型，成型后进行干燥；
[0023] (3)烧结：将干燥后的坯体用气氛保护沙（活性炭：河沙为1 ： 1，质量比）填埋， 放入窑炉中进行烧结热处理：升温速率：200°C /h，在800°C处保温1小时；
[0024] (4)清洗：将烧结后的制品用清水洗净烘干，即可得活性炭陶瓷。
[0025] 性能：气孔率50. 35%，体积密度为1. 06g/cm3,比表面积为M8. 32m2/g，碘吸附值为 235. 6mg/g。
[0026] 实施例2
[0027] 利用生硅藻土和活性炭为原料制备活性炭陶瓷。其原料配方按照质量份数如下： 300目生硅藻土粉末80%，200目活性炭粉末20%。
[0028] 制备步骤：
[0029] (1)原料预处理：将生硅藻土、活性炭分别研碎，过200目筛。
[0030] (2)配料成型：按上述配料比例称量各种原料（质量比），并按混合料1份、水 0. 8〜1. 2份的比例投入搅拌机，搅拌0. 5〜2小时，得到粉料，粉料采用挤压成型，成型后进行干燥；
[0031] (3)烧结：将干燥后的坯体用气氛保护沙（石墨：河沙为1 ： 1，质量比）填埋，放入窑炉中进行热处理，升温速率：300°C /h，在950°C处保温0. 5小时。
[0032] (4)清洗：将烧结后的制品用清洗后烘干，即可得活性炭陶瓷。
[0033] 性能：比表面积为170. 6m2/g，孔容为0. 215cm3/g,孔径为1. 9798nm,碘吸附值为 210. 5mg/g。
Claims (1)
1. 一种简便的活性炭陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：所述活性炭陶瓷的原料配方，按照质量份数为：生硅藻土 ：50〜99%，活性炭：1〜50% ；所述的生硅藻土是指未煅烧的硅藻土 ；所述制备方法的步骤为：a.将生硅藻土与活性炭分别粉碎研磨通过200目细筛；b.按所述配方秤取原料粉末混合，将混合后的原料按照质量份数：混合料1份、水 0. 8〜1. 2份的比例投入搅拌机，搅拌0. 5〜2小时，得到粉料；c.将粉料经过成型，制成半成品坯体；所述成型方法采用注浆法、或采用可塑法、或采用压制成型的方法；d.将半成品坯体烘干后，埋入气氛保护砂中，放入窑炉进行烧结热处理，所述烧结热处理条件为：以100〜500°C /h的升温速率升至700〜1000°C，保温时间0. 5〜2h ；所述的气氛保护砂为：用活性炭、石墨、木炭、煤炭或焦炭中的任何一种的粉末与干燥河砂按质量比1 ： 1的比例研磨混合均勻，过20目筛后制备而成；e.自然冷却至室温，将烧结后的制品取出，清洗后烘干，即制得活性炭陶瓷。
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