CN113785715B

CN113785715B - Method for regulating and controlling tea tree leaf color

Info

Publication number: CN113785715B
Application number: CN202111095796.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙威江; 高晨曦; 林琳; 陈志丹
Original assignee: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Current assignee: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Priority date: 2021-09-18
Filing date: 2021-09-18
Publication date: 2022-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-18
Also published as: CN113785715A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the color of tea plant leaves based on changing the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin in the tea plant leaves, which comprises the following steps: (1) whitening of tea tree leaves: the application of the fluazinone can reduce the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid in the tea tree; (2) purple tea tree leaf color: the application of abscisic acid increases anthocyanin content in tea tree. The invention is an innovative technology which can implement different regulation and control on the tea leaf color characters in the field, is easy to operate and has obvious effect, the tea leaf color of the regulation and control treatment group can be changed in a short period, the stability is strong, the tea leaf color is not easy to change due to the influence of external environmental conditions, the growth state of the tea tree is normal, and the effective regulation and control and the change of the tea leaf color can be realized.

Description

Method for regulating and controlling tea tree leaf color

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of phytochemistry mutagenesis, and particularly relates to a method for regulating and controlling tea tree leaf color.

Background

Fujian is one of the traditional tea production areas in the world, and tea trees are cultivated and utilized for thousands of years, so that the tea trees have rich tea tree germplasm resources, but are not fully and deeply innovated and utilized. The leaf color mutation is a mutation which is relatively common in the nature, mainly comes from natural mutation and artificial mutation, and most of the leaf color mutations are expressed in the seedling stage. The color of tea leaves can be roughly divided into conventional green, white (yellow) and purple leaf color types according to the leaf color phenotype of the tea trees, and the mutation of the tea tree leaves has different intensity differences according to different external factors such as illumination, temperature, water and fertilizer conditions and the like. The study on the color change of tea leaves at home and abroad mostly focuses on the study of the influence of temperature and illumination on the color of the tea leaves and the study of the molecular mechanism of the tea trees with white and purple mutation of the color of the tea leaves. Purple tea tree has the characteristic of high anthocyanin content, albino tea tree has the characteristics of low chlorophyll content and high amino acid content, and albino tea is divided into an ecological sensitive type, an ecological insensitive type and a composite type according to whether albino expression depends on external ecology.

Among the abundant tea tree varieties, the tea leaves prepared from the fresh tea tree leaves with whitened and purple leaf color have special quality and economic value. However, with the rapid development of the tea industry, the yield demand of tea plant germplasm resources with specific leaf colors is greatly increased, the method for changing the leaf colors of tea plants generally adopts breeding methods such as natural mutation, artificial breeding and the like, the success rate is low, the breeding period is long, the cost is high, and the leaf color characters of the tea plant germplasm resources are greatly influenced by seasons. Most tea tree purple phenotypes with purple mutation of leaves are obvious in summer and autumn; the whitened tea trees are susceptible to temperature and illumination, so that the whitened tea trees turn green, and the utilization of the resources is limited.

Therefore, the technology for effectively regulating and controlling the leaf color of the tea tree is developed, a method for effectively, quickly and stably regulating and controlling and changing the leaf color of the tea tree is developed, a matched technical specification is established, and the method has important significance for increasing the yield and efficiently utilizing the tea tree resources with specific leaf color. Abscisic acid and fluazinone are used as phytohormones and inhibitors thereof, and reports on the application of abscisic acid and fluazinone to mutagenesis of tea tree leaf color are not seen at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the leaf color of the tea tree is easily changed under the influence of the environment at present, the effect of regulating and controlling the leaf color of the tea tree by a breeding method is not direct and not obvious, and the like, and provides a method for regulating and controlling the leaf color of the tea tree, which has the advantages of easiness in operation, remarkable effect, strong stability and the like, and does not have any influence on the normal growth of the tea tree.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the method for regulating and controlling the color of the tea tree leaves is realized according to the following processes:

step 1: preparation of medicaments

Preparing a 50 mu mol/L fluopyridone solution and a 100 mu mol/L abscisic acid solution by using distilled water;

step 2: medicament spraying

Adding 50 mu mol/L of fluazinone solution or 100 mu mol/L of abscisic acid solution according to the ratio of 250mL/m ² The dosage of the pesticide is uniformly sprayed on the tea tree leaf surface until 100 percent of tea tree leaves are wet and thoroughly dripped with the pesticide, and the pesticide on the leaves is naturally dried after the spraying;

and step 3: frequency of spraying the agent

Spraying fresh tea leaves 7 days before picking, and naturally drying after spraying to keep the tea trees in purple and albino characters for more than 15 days.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method for regulating and controlling the leaf color of the tea tree by reducing the chlorophyll and carotenoid content or improving the anthocyanin content has the advantages of simple implementation process, strong operability, short leaf color change period and obvious effect, can reduce the chlorophyll content of the normally growing tea tree to 1/2 of the original chlorophyll content, improves the anthocyanin content to 1.5 times of the original anthocyanin content, ensures that the color of the changed tea tree leaves is strong in stability, the leaf color is not easy to change due to the influence of environmental conditions, the growth state of the tea tree is normal, and realizes effective change of the leaf color of the tea tree.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a graph comparing the change in the model purple Formica No. 1 under different treatment conditions.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1: selection of treated plants

The natural hybrid generation purple fuxing No. 1 of Guangxi Baichong variety planted in a germplasm resource garden of Wuyixing tea industry Limited company in Wuyi mountain of Fujian province is selected as a material, the material is of a small arbor type, small leaves and early seeds, the purple red character of the bud leaves is obvious in summer and autumn, the antler hair is dense, and the section is slightly long. Treatment was started on 1/4/2021 and was divided into three treatment groups:

control group: spraying distilled water on the leaves of the tea tree,

treatment group 1: spraying fluazinone on the leaves of tea trees, wherein the spraying concentration is 50 mu mol/L, and the dosage is 250mL/m ² ，

Treatment group 2: the abscisic acid is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the tea trees, the spraying concentration is 100 mu mol/L, and the dosage is 250mL/m ² 。

The tea tree phenotype was analyzed within 15 days after treatment and leaf pigment content was determined.

Example 2: preparation of pharmaceutical agents

Weighing 50 mu mol/L of fluazinone according to the molar concentration, and dissolving the fluazinone with distilled water; 100. Mu. Mol/L of abscisic acid was weighed out in terms of molar concentration and dissolved in distilled water.

Example 3: application effect on zifuxing No. 1

The effect of the invention on the change of leaf color of zifu star No. 1, the technical measures implemented and the corresponding phenotypic changes are shown in Table 1.

The main observation indexes are as follows: the young sprout of tea tree changes color.

The implementation effect is as follows: the effect of the main observation indicators is shown in comparison with figure 1. After the whole technology of the invention is implemented, the leaf color changes to different degrees from the next day, the leaf edge of the processing group 1 begins to whiten, and the leaf color purplishment degree of the processing group 2 begins to deepen; by day 7, color change was achieved in substantially all shoots, which was significantly different from the control group.

Example 4: influence on chlorophyll and carotenoid content of purple Fuxing No. 1

The influence of the invention on the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid of the purple fuxing No. 1 is shown in the table 2 by comparing the implemented technical measures with the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid.

The main observation indexes are as follows: tea leaves vary in chlorophyll and carotenoid content.

The implementation effect is as follows: as can be seen from Table 2, both groups of treated tea leaves exhibited a somewhat reduced tendency towards chlorophyll and carotenoids. From the treatment group 1, the chlorophyll content is remarkably reduced on the 1 st day after the fluazinone spraying treatment, the chlorophyll content is increased to some extent on the 3 rd day, and then the chlorophyll content is continuously reduced to the 15 th day; the carotenoids declined continuously from day 1. From treatment group 2, the decrease in chlorophyll and carotenoid content after abscisic acid spraying was less than that of treatment group 1.

The chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of the treatment group 1 showed a significant decrease, and by day 15, the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were 47% and 50% lower than those of the control, respectively. It can be seen that the treatment with fluazinone is effective in reducing the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of tea leaves.

Note: different letters on the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level; data are the average of 3 replicates.

Example 5: influence on anthocyanin content of Zifuxing No. 1

The influence of the invention on the anthocyanin content of zifu star No. 1 is shown in Table 3, and the comparison between the implemented technical measures and the anthocyanin content is shown in the following table.

The main observation indexes are as follows: the anthocyanin content of tea tree changes.

The implementation effect is as follows: as can be seen from Table 3, the anthocyanins from both groups showed a tendency to decrease or increase in degree. From the treatment group 1, the anthocyanin content was significantly reduced on day 1 after the spraying of the fluazinone, the content was increased to some extent on day 3, and then continuously reduced to day 15. From the treatment group 2, the anthocyanin content increased significantly after the abscisic acid spray, continued until day 15 and was consistently higher than the control group.

The anthocyanin content of the treatment group 1 showed a significantly reduced trend, and by the 15 th day of treatment, the anthocyanin content was 22% lower than that of the control; the anthocyanin content of the treatment group 2 showed a significant upward trend, and by day 15, the anthocyanin content was 31% higher than that of the control. Therefore, the fluazinone treatment is effective in reducing the anthocyanin content of the tea trees; abscisic acid is effective in increasing anthocyanin content of tea tree.

The core of the invention is to apply different chemical reagents to the tea tree at any time, the technology is simple, easy to operate and low in cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production; the drugs involved are easy to purchase. The series of technologies of the invention have good effect on the regulation and control of the tea tree leaf color, and the tea tree leaf color is whitened and purple.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for regulating and controlling the color of tea tree leaves is characterized in that: the method for regulating and controlling the color of the tea tree leaves by reducing the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid comprises the following steps: spraying fluazinone to tea trees growing in a field environment, and spraying the fluazinone to the leaf surfaces to be wet each time; the specific method comprises the following steps: 50 mu mol/L of fluazinone is mixed according to the ratio of 250mL/m ² The dosage of the tea tree leaf whitening agent is uniformly sprayed on tea tree leaf surfaces, and the tea tree leaves can keep whitening color and luster characters for more than 15 days after one-time spraying; the tea tree variety is purple tea tree variety.