CN113973609A - Seedless treatment method for romantic red-face grapes - Google Patents
Seedless treatment method for romantic red-face grapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN113973609A CN113973609A CN202111324498.3A CN202111324498A CN113973609A CN 113973609 A CN113973609 A CN 113973609A CN 202111324498 A CN202111324498 A CN 202111324498A CN 113973609 A CN113973609 A CN 113973609A
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 206010015150 Erythema Diseases 0.000 title claims description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorpyrifos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241001593968 Vitis palmata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000109294 Rosa suffulta Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- GELVZYOEQVJIRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloropyrazine Chemical compound ClC1=CN=CC=N1 GELVZYOEQVJIRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorhexidine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1NC(N)=NC(N)=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003260 chlorhexidine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000959624 Ramaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedless treatment method of romantic red grapes, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry crop cultivation. By using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin containing 0.08% of Tween-20 and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos, the flower ears are respectively dipped 1 day and 12 days after the flowers of the romantic red-color grapes are full of flowers, and as a result, the single fruit is long oval, the peel is bright red and transparent, the coloring is easy, the pulp is hard and crisp, the single fruit mass reaches 12.24g, the soluble solid content reaches 20.80%, the total acid content is 0.71%, the solid-acid ratio is 30.04, the seedless rate is 100%, and the comprehensive quality is excellent. The method is simple to operate, can ensure that 100 percent of romantic red grapes are seedless, further improves the quality of single fruits on the basis of the seedless treatment, improves the soluble solid content of the grapes, improves the quality of the fruits, and is beneficial to the production with high yield, high income and high quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a seedless treatment method of romantic red grapes.
Background
At present, the cultivation area of fresh grapes in Jiangsu is about 4.5 million hectares, the annual yield is about 56 million tons, the cultivated varieties mainly comprise Kyoho and summer black, and sunshine rose, beautiful fingers, golden fingers, white Ramaria and the like. In recent two years, the cultivation area of summer black as a seedless variety is rapidly expanded, the market is gradually saturated, the problems of poor quality and the like caused by the single seedless variety, the concentrated mature period and improper cultivation technology are gradually developed, the grape cultivation benefit is reduced in a part of grape production areas, summer black grapes in high-temperature areas are difficult to color, the appearance quality is difficult to reach the black requirement, and the market gradually loses advantages due to the difficulty in eating and peeling. On the other hand, the grape has single appearance and flavor, and the urgent need of consumers for diversification of grape varieties cannot be met. At present, although the research on seedless cultivation technology of the sunshine rose grapes is carried out in many areas in our province, the sunshine rose is not natural seedless, artificial seedless treatment is still needed, the requirement on seedless treatment in the cultivation process is high, and in addition, the ripe judgment is difficult as a green variety.
Summer black is taken as a representative of a black variety, sunshine rose is taken as a representative of a green variety, a new red grape variety 'romantic red color' is a variety which is easy to color, has bright and beautiful color, can enrich local market supply, fills the blank of market demand for the red variety, and currently lacks a set of scientific and complete seedless treatment method and matched cultivation technology for the romantic red grape.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a seedless treatment method for romantic red grapes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a seedless treatment method of romantic red grapes comprises the following steps:
1) dipping the flower spikes for the first time by using a mixed solution of 8-14ppm of gibberellin and 1-2ppm of chlorpyrifos 1-2 days after the blossoming of the romantic red-face grapes, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using a mixed solution of 8-14ppm of gibberellin and 1-2ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to ensure that the fruit cluster is sparse and uniformly distributed, bagging the fruit cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality in the picking period.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
1) 1 day after the romantic red grape blooms, dipping the flower spikes for the first time by using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to ensure that the fruit cluster is sparse and uniformly distributed, bagging the fruit cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality in the picking period.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
1) 1 day after the romantic red grape blooms, carrying out first dipping on the flower spikes by using a mixed solution of 8.86ppm of gibberellin and 1.33ppm of chlorpyrifos for 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using a mixed solution of 8.86ppm of gibberellin and 1.33ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to ensure that the fruit cluster is sparse and uniformly distributed, bagging the fruit cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality in the picking period.
Furthermore, the mixed solution of gibberellin and chlorpyrifos contains tween-20 accounting for 0.08 percent of the volume ratio of the mixed solution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by using the mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin containing 0.08% of Tween-20 and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos, the flower ears are respectively dipped and treated 1 day and 12 days after the flowers of the romantic red-face grapes are full of flowers, and the result shows that the single fruit mass reaches 12.24g, the content of soluble solid matters reaches 20.80% compared with the comparative example, and the content of soluble solid matters reaches 20.58% compared with the comparative example. The single fruit is in a long oval shape, the peel is bright red and transparent, the coloring is easy, the pulp is hard and crisp, and the core is absent, the content of soluble solid reaches 20.80 percent, the content of total acid is 0.71 percent, the solid-acid ratio is 30.04, the core-absent rate is 100 percent, and the comprehensive quality is excellent. The method is simple to operate, can ensure that 100 percent of romantic red grapes are seedless, further improves the quality of single fruits on the basis of the seedless treatment, improves the soluble solid content of the grapes, improves the quality of the fruits, and is beneficial to the production with high yield, high income and high quality.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
The following examples used test materials of 2-year-old romantic red grapes cultivated by Meng fruit industry Co., Ltd, in the market of Huogu, were shaped in an "H" form, trimmed at short tips, and trees were grown vigorously and cultivated in a rain shelter.
After sprouting and leaf spreading, removing redundant young shoots when the young shoots are 30cm long, reserving 1 bearing branch on two sides of a main branch at intervals of 25cm, taking the young shoots shorter than 60cm as a nutrition branch, requiring the length of the bearing branch in the flowering period to reach more than 1.2m, and reserving 14-16 leaf pinching; 2 leaf pinching parts are left for the secondary tips of the later-period germination, and the leaf area index of the shed surface is kept at about 2-2.5;
the method comprises the steps of shaping the flower spike about one week before flowering, cutting off branches at the middle upper part of the flower spike, reserving the length of the tail of the flower spike of 3.5-4cm for seedless treatment, picking the fruit spike about 10 days after flowering to enable fruit grains to be uniformly distributed, reserving about 55-70 fruit grains for each bunch of grapes, and bagging the fruit spike with a white fruit bag in the last 6 months.
The reagents used in the examples below: gibberellin and chlorhexidine are purchased from Nanjing Bamuda Biotechnology Limited, and are respectively weighed according to the proportion, dissolved by trace absolute ethyl alcohol, added with water, mixed and stirred evenly, and the required gibberellin concentration and chlorhexidine concentration are prepared.
The following examples of the determination of the quality of romantic red color include the determination of the quality of single fruit, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, fruit type index, soluble solid content, total acid content and solid-acid ratio after the grapes are ripe. Wherein, the mass of the single fruit is measured by an electronic balance; measuring the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter by a vernier caliper, wherein the fruit type index is the longitudinal diameter/the transverse diameter; the content of soluble solid matters is measured by a handheld refractometer; the total acid content is measured by adopting a handheld glucose-dedicated glucometer; solid acid ratio is soluble solids content/total acid content.
Example 1
1) 1 day after the romantic red grape blooms, dipping the flower spikes for the first time by using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos for 3-5s, wherein the mixed solution of the gibberellin and the chlorpyrifos contains Tween-20 accounting for 0.08 percent of the volume ratio of the mixed solution;
2) dipping the flower ears for the second time by using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping treatment time is 3-5s, and the mixed solution of the gibberellin and the chlorpyrifos contains Tween-20 accounting for 0.08 percent of the volume ratio of the mixed solution;
3) picking up the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to make the fruit cluster sparse and uniform, covering the flower cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality of the flower cluster in the picking period.
Example 2
1) 1 day after the romantic red grape blooms, dipping the flower spikes for the first time by using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking up the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to make the fruit cluster sparse and uniform, covering the flower cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality of the flower cluster in the picking period.
Example 3
1) 1 day after the romantic red grape blooms, carrying out first dipping on the flower spikes by using a mixed solution of 8.86ppm of gibberellin and 1.33ppm of chlorpyrifos for 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using a mixed solution of 8.86ppm of gibberellin and 1.33ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking up the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to make the fruit cluster sparse and uniform, covering the flower cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality of the flower cluster in the picking period.
Comparative example
1) 1 day after the romantic red grape blooms, carrying out first dipping on the flower spikes by using clear water, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using clear water 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking up the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to make the fruit cluster sparse and uniform, covering the flower cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality of the flower cluster in the picking period.
The above examples were repeated 3 times, and the average fruit measurements were taken at fruit maturity, and the effect of example 1-example 3 and comparative treatment on the quality of romantic red grapes is shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Effect of different treatments on the quality of romantic red-coloured grapes
As can be seen from table 1, in example 2, compared to example 3, the best treatment effect was achieved only when gibberellin and chloropyrazine were mixed at an appropriate concentration, improving the quality of the single fruits, increasing the soluble solid content, and improving the quality of the romantic red grape fruits. In example 2, as compared with example 1, it is understood that when tween-20 is contained in the mixed solution of gibberellin and chloropyrazine in an amount of 0.08% by volume, the effect of compounding the mixed solution is further enhanced, and the effect of mixing gibberellin and chloropyrazine is enhanced. Compared with the comparative example, the single fruit mass of the example 1 reaches 12.24g, the single fruit mass is improved by 15.25 percent compared with the comparative example, the soluble solid content reaches 20.80 percent compared with the comparative example, and the soluble solid content is improved by 20.58 percent compared with the comparative example. In example 1, a single fruit is in a long oval shape, the peel is bright red and transparent, the color is easy to be colored, the pulp is hard and crisp, and the kernel is free, the content of soluble solids reaches 20.80 percent, the total acid content is 0.71 percent, the solid-acid ratio is 30.04, the kernel-free rate is 100 percent, and the comprehensive quality is excellent.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A seedless treatment method of romantic red grapes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) dipping the flower spikes for the first time by using a mixed solution of 8-14ppm of gibberellin and 1-2ppm of chlorpyrifos 1-2 days after the blossoming of the romantic red-face grapes, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using a mixed solution of 8-14ppm of gibberellin and 1-2ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to ensure that the fruit cluster is sparse and uniformly distributed, bagging the fruit cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality in the picking period.
2. The method of seedless treatment of romantic red grapes according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) 1 day after the romantic red grape blooms, dipping the flower spikes for the first time by using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using a mixed solution of 13.3ppm of gibberellin and 2ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to ensure that the fruit cluster is sparse and uniformly distributed, bagging the fruit cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality in the picking period.
3. The method of seedless treatment of romantic red grapes according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) 1 day after the romantic red grape blooms, carrying out first dipping on the flower spikes by using a mixed solution of 8.86ppm of gibberellin and 1.33ppm of chlorpyrifos for 3-5 s;
2) dipping the flower spikes for the second time by using a mixed solution of 8.86ppm of gibberellin and 1.33ppm of chlorpyrifos 12 days after the flower filling, wherein the dipping time is 3-5 s;
3) picking the fruit cluster 2 days before the second treatment to ensure that the fruit cluster is sparse and uniformly distributed, bagging the fruit cluster 30 days after blooming, and measuring the quality in the picking period.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixed solution of gibberellin and chlorpyrifos contains tween-20 in an amount of 0.08% by volume of the mixed solution.
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CN114431065A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-06 | 四川瑞象农业科技发展有限公司 | Romantic red-face high-yield cultivation technology |
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CN114431065A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-06 | 四川瑞象农业科技发展有限公司 | Romantic red-face high-yield cultivation technology |
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