CN108781980B - Method for promoting fruit setting of apple trees - Google Patents
Method for promoting fruit setting of apple trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN108781980B CN108781980B CN201810716162.3A CN201810716162A CN108781980B CN 108781980 B CN108781980 B CN 108781980B CN 201810716162 A CN201810716162 A CN 201810716162A CN 108781980 B CN108781980 B CN 108781980B
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005980 Gibberellic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229960001716 benzalkonium Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- CYDRXTMLKJDRQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzododecinium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CYDRXTMLKJDRQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N gibberellin A3 Chemical compound C([C@@]1(O)C(=C)C[C@@]2(C1)[C@H]1C(O)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]2(C=C[C@@H]3O)[C@H]1[C@]3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005094 fruit set Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005078 fruit development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000010138 bee pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/10—Fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting fruit setting of apple trees, which can effectively save cost, improve quality and efficiency, simplify and save labor. A method for promoting fruit set of apple trees comprises the following steps: planting, namely planting pollinated trees in a matching way while planting main apple trees; applying fertilizer before blooming, and applying germination fertilizer before blooming of apple trees; fruit setting management, namely breeding bee colonies for pollination before the full-bloom stage of the apple trees; spraying a fruit setting solution while pollinating; the spraying of the fruit setting solution is divided into 1-2 times, the first spraying is carried out when the central flower blooms 40-50%, and the second spraying is carried out when the side flower blooms 70-80%; each liter of the fruit setting solution comprises 0.8 to 1ml of 3.6 percent of benzalkonium gibberellic acid, 0.4 to 0.5ml of 0.004 percent of brassinolide, 0.8 to 1ml of amino acid trace element leaf fertilizer and water as a solvent; and (4) applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed, applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed to apple trees after flowers are fallen, and assisting fruit setting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method for promoting fruit setting of apple trees, and belongs to the technical field of apple tree cultivation.
Background
In the traditional apple tree cultivation, China has a long cultivation history and certain basic technology, but with the development of the market, people have higher and higher requirements on the quality of fruits, and the requirements of good eating and looking, safety and health are required, and people are difficult to enter a high-end market without high quality. With the development of policies, the area of orchards in China is continuously increased, and the labor input in the orchards is insufficient, so that some orchards are lack of management, the quality of fruits is reduced, and the development is limited.
The management of the fruits and the flowers of the apple trees needs to cost a large amount of labor force investment every year, how to use less labor force investment is needed, the fruit setting rate is improved, the smooth completion of the management of the flowers and the fruits in the flowering phase is the most important phenomenon in the whole year, the fruits cannot be set, the trees have flowers and have no fruits, the fruit setting rate is poor, and the like, so that all the investment in the early stage is wasted.
The fruit set rate is mainly influenced by the following reasons: 1) the affinity and germination of pollen are poor, the activity is poor and the vitality is reduced; 2) the pollen has pseudopregnancy, and the fruit setting rate of artificial pollination is low; 3) pollinated species trees are not arranged in the garden, and mutual pollination is lacked; 4) insufficient storage and cultivation in the last year, or lack of nutrition and imbalance in the differentiation stage of flower buds in the last year, and poor quality of the flower buds; 5) the method has the advantages that the method is not supplemented before germination, is produced in sub-health state and is difficult to inoculate; 6) lack of bee butterfly activity and difficult pollination; 7) soil degradation, soil pollution and activity reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a method for promoting fruit setting of apple trees, which can effectively save cost, improve quality and efficiency, simplify and save labor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for promoting fruit set of apple trees comprises the following steps:
1) planting, namely planting pollinator trees in a matched mode while planting main planted apple trees, wherein the pollinator trees are planted in a plum blossom shape or in a dot shape at intervals, and the pollinator trees are 15-30% of the total number of the main planted apple trees;
2) applying fertilizer before blossom, applying base fertilizer to apple trees in autumn, and applying germination fertilizer before apple trees germinate;
3) fruit setting management, namely breeding bee colonies in an orchard 5-7 days before the full-bloom period of the apple trees for pollination; spraying fruit setting solution while pollinating, atomizing and spraying, wherein the spraying of the fruit setting solution selects a time period with less intense sunlight and no wind in the morning or afternoon; the spraying of the fruit setting solution is divided into 1 to 2 times, the first spraying is carried out when the center of the flowering phase blooms 30 to 50 percent, and the second spraying is carried out when the flowering phase blooms 50 to 60 percent;
each kilogram of the fruit setting solution comprises 0.8 to 1ml of 3.6 percent of benzalkonium gibberellic acid, 0.4 to 0.5ml of 0.004 percent of brassinolide, 0.8 to 1ml of amino acid trace element leaf fertilizer and water as a solvent;
4) and (4) applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed, applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed to apple trees after flowers are fallen, and assisting fruit setting.
The flowering period of the pollinated tree is 2-5 days earlier than that of the main apple tree or the pollinated tree and the main apple tree bloom at the same period.
The fruit setting solution also comprises a pollen solution, and each liter of the fruit setting solution comprises 10-50ml of the pollen solution.
The concentration of pollen in the pollen solution is 0.02-0.05%.
The fruit setting solution is sprayed once again after being subjected to rain.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
pollinated trees are planted in the apple orchard, pollination of apples is facilitated, bee pollination is natural and effective, and labor is saved. The two fertilizers can effectively promote the germination and the blooming of the apple trees, prevent the fruit trees from being deprived of fertilizer due to the consumption of a large amount of nutrients during the blooming in time, improve the fruit setting rate and promote the growth of new branches.
The method is suitable for planting various apple trees, does not divide areas and time intervals, effectively promotes the growth of tree vigor, and has high fruit type index, large fruit, quick fruit expansion and more fruit surface villi. The apple calyx hollow is closed for 4-5 days earlier than the conventional apple calyx hollow, the apple can rapidly enter a young fruit expansion period, the probability of germ entering from the calyx hollow is reduced, and apple moldy core disease is prevented and reduced; the fruit stalks are thick and long, and the nutrition is conveyed quickly.
The method can be used in successive years, so that the division of the big and small years can be reduced, and the stress resistance of the tree can be increased.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples, and all changes or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The main planting apple tree variety is Fuji, and the pollinated tree variety is golden crown.
A method for promoting fruit set of apple trees comprises the following steps:
1) planting, namely planting pollinator trees in a matched mode while planting main planted apple trees, wherein the pollinator trees are planted in a plum blossom shape, the pollinator trees are located in the center of the plum blossom, the main planted apple trees are located on the periphery, and the pollinator trees are 20% of the total number of the main planted apple trees;
2) applying fertilizer before blossom, applying base fertilizer to apple trees after fruit picking in autumn, and applying germination fertilizer before apple trees germinate;
the base fertilizer is a large-element fertilizer and a medium-element fertilizer, mainly takes an organic fertilizer, ensures comprehensive nutrition and is reasonable in collocation; the fertilizer is applied in autumn, which is beneficial to the absorption of trees and the storage of nutrients;
the germination fertilizer comprises the following components: 10-30% of high-ammonia type quick-acting fertilizer, 70-90% of humic acid organic fertilizer, and 40-50 kg/mu of fertilizer is applied to roots 10-15 days before germination. The humic acid organic fertilizer is a liquid fertilizer and is of a chelating type.
3) Fruit setting management, namely breeding bee colonies in an orchard 5-7 days before the full-bloom period of the apple trees for pollination; spraying fruit setting solution while pollinating, spraying tree crowns in an atomized manner, and selecting a period with less intense sunlight and no wind in the morning or afternoon; the fruit setting solution is sprayed for 1 time, and when 30-50% of flowers bloom in the center of the flowering phase;
each kilogram of the fruit setting solution comprises 1ml of 3.6 percent of benzalkonium gibberellic acid, 0.5ml of 0.004 percent of brassinolide, 1ml of amino acid trace element leaf fertilizer and water as a solvent;
preparing the fruit setting solution:
200ml of 3.6 percent of benzalkonium gibberellic acid, 100 ml of 0.004 percent of brassinolide and 200ml of amino acid trace element leaf fertilizer are accurately measured, 100 kg of water is added, and the ingredients in the formula are uniformly mixed to prepare a fruit setting solution.
4) And (4) applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed, applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed to apple trees after flowers are fallen, and assisting fruit setting.
The after-flower fertilizer comprises a foliar fertilizer and an after-flower additional fertilizer, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises the following components: 0.1-0.2% of water-soluble boron fertilizer, 2-3% of calcium acetate, 0.4-0.6% of dipotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.4% of urea, spraying on a liquid surface, spraying after 10-15 days of flowering, and 30-40 kg/mu, wherein the topdressing after flowering is 10-30% of high-ammonia water-soluble fertilizer, 70-90% of humic acid water-soluble organic fertilizer, fertilizing at roots, applying after 3-10 days of flowering, and 40-50 kg/mu, promoting roots and strengthening trees, and is beneficial to young fruit development and new branch growth.
The fruit setting solution also comprises a pollen solution, and each liter of the fruit setting solution comprises 10-50ml of the pollen solution.
The pollen is from a pollinated tree, flowers and flower buds are selected for picking, and the pollen is collected and dried in the dark and stored in the dark.
The pollen solution is used for preparation, the concentration of pollen in the pollen solution is 0.02-0.05%, and the preparation of the pollen solution is as follows: dissolving pollen in 5% glucose solution, and mixing.
The use amount of the pollen for each mu can be referred to the use amount of artificial pollination, impurities are filtered by liquid pollination, and the liquid pollination is mixed with the fruit setting liquid medicine for mixed spraying; the usage amount of liquid pollination pollen is more than that of manual pollination so as to ensure safe fruit setting.
The fruit setting solution is sprayed once again after being subjected to rain.
Example 2
The main planting apple tree variety is Lvbao, and the pollinated tree variety is GaLa.
The invention discloses a method for promoting fruit setting of apple trees, which comprises the following steps:
1) planting, namely planting pollinator trees in a matched mode while planting the main planting apple trees, and planting in a dotted mode, wherein the pollinator trees and the main planting apple trees are planted at intervals, and the pollinator trees are 15% of the total number of the main planting apple trees;
2) applying fertilizer before blossom, applying base fertilizer to apple trees after fruit picking in autumn, and applying germination fertilizer before apple trees germinate;
the base fertilizer is a large-element fertilizer and a medium-element fertilizer, mainly takes an organic fertilizer, ensures comprehensive nutrition and is reasonable in collocation; the fertilizer is applied in autumn, which is beneficial to the absorption of trees and the storage of nutrients;
the germination fertilizer comprises the following components: 10-30% of high-ammonia type quick-acting fertilizer, 70-90% of humic acid organic fertilizer, and 40-50 kg/mu of fertilizer is applied to roots 10-15 days before germination. The humic acid organic fertilizer is a liquid fertilizer and is of a chelating type.
3) Fruit setting management, namely breeding bee colonies in an orchard 5-7 days before the full-bloom period of the apple trees for pollination; spraying fruit setting solution while pollinating, spraying tree crowns in an atomized manner, and selecting a period with less intense sunlight and no wind in the morning or afternoon; the fruit setting solution is sprayed for 2 times, wherein the first spraying is carried out when the center of the flowering phase blooms for 30-50%, and the second spraying is carried out when the flowering phase blooms for 50-60%;
each liter of the fruit setting solution comprises 0.8ml of 3.6 percent of benzalkonium gibberellic acid, 0.4ml of 0.004 percent of brassinolide, 0.8ml of amino acid trace element leaf fertilizer and water as a solvent;
preparing the fruit setting solution:
200ml of 3.6 percent of benzalkonium gibberellic acid, 100 ml of 0.004 percent of brassinolide and 200ml of amino acid trace element leaf fertilizer are accurately measured, 250 liters of water is added, and the formula components are uniformly mixed to prepare a fruit setting solution.
4) And (4) applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed, applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed to apple trees after flowers are fallen, and assisting fruit setting.
The after-flower fertilizer comprises a foliar fertilizer and an after-flower additional fertilizer, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises the following components: 0.1-0.2% of water-soluble boron fertilizer, 2-3% of calcium acetate, 0.4-0.6% of dipotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.4% of urea, spraying on a liquid surface, spraying after 10-15 days of flowering, and 30-40 kg/mu, wherein the topdressing after flowering is 10-30% of high-ammonia water-soluble fertilizer, 70-90% of humic acid water-soluble organic fertilizer, fertilizing at roots, applying after 3-10 days of flowering, and 40-50 kg/mu, promoting roots and strengthening trees, and is beneficial to young fruit development and new branch growth.
The fruit setting solution also comprises a pollen solution, and each liter of the fruit setting solution comprises 10-50ml of the pollen solution.
The pollen is from a pollinated tree, flowers and flower buds are selected for picking, and the pollen is collected and dried in the dark and stored in the dark.
The pollen solution is used for preparation, the concentration of pollen in the pollen solution is 0.02-0.05%, and the preparation of the pollen solution is as follows: dissolving pollen in 5% glucose solution, and mixing.
The use amount of the pollen for each mu can be referred to the use amount of artificial pollination, and the liquid pollination filters impurities, mixes the impurities into the fruit setting liquid medicine and sprays the mixture for use; the usage amount of liquid pollination pollen is more than that of manual pollination so as to ensure safe fruit setting.
The fruit setting solution is sprayed once again after being subjected to rain.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. A method for promoting fruit set of apple trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) planting, namely planting pollinator trees in a matched mode while planting main planted apple trees, wherein the pollinator trees are planted in a plum blossom shape or in a dot shape at intervals, and the pollinator trees are 15-30% of the total number of the main planted apple trees;
when the pollinated trees are planted in a plum blossom shape, the pollinated trees are positioned at the center of the plum blossom, and the main planted apple trees are positioned at the periphery;
the flowering period of the pollinated trees is 2-5 days earlier than that of the main planted apple trees;
2) applying fertilizer before blossom, applying base fertilizer to apple trees in autumn, and applying germination fertilizer before apple trees germinate; the germination fertilizer comprises the following components: 10-30% of high-ammonia type quick-acting fertilizer, 70-90% of humic acid organic fertilizer, and 40-50 kg/mu of root fertilizer applied 10-15 days before germination;
3) fruit setting management, namely breeding bee colonies in an orchard 5-7 days before the full-bloom period of the apple trees for pollination; spraying fruit setting solution while pollinating, spraying flowers in an atomized manner, and selecting a period with less intense sunlight and no wind in the morning or afternoon; the spraying of the fruit setting solution is divided into 1 to 2 times, the first spraying is carried out when the center of the flowering phase blooms 30 to 50 percent, and the second spraying is carried out when the flowering phase blooms 50 to 60 percent;
each kilogram of the fruit setting solution comprises 0.8 to 1ml of 3.6 percent of benzalkonium gibberellic acid, 0.4 to 0.5ml of 0.004 percent of brassinolide, 0.8 to 1ml of amino acid trace element leaf fertilizer, 10 to 50ml of pollen solution and water as a solvent;
the pollen usage amount in the fruit setting solution is more than the manual pollination usage amount, and the pollen comes from pollinated trees; the concentration of the pollen in the pollen solution is 0.02-0.05%; the pollen solution is prepared by dissolving pollen into 5% glucose solution;
4) applying fertilizer after flowers are bloomed, applying fertilizer after flowers are fallen on apple trees to assist fruit setting;
the after-flower fertilizer comprises a foliar fertilizer and an after-flower additional fertilizer, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises the following components: 0.1-0.2% of water-soluble boron fertilizer, 2-3% of calcium acetate, 0.4-0.6% of dipotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.4% of urea, spraying on a liquid surface, spraying after 10-15 days of flowering, and fertilizing at the root, wherein the topdressing after the flowering is 10-30% of high-ammonia water-soluble fertilizer, 70-90% of humic acid water-soluble organic fertilizer, and the topdressing after the flowering is applied at the root after 3-10 days of the flowering, and is 40-50 kg/mu.
2. The method for promoting fruit set of apple trees according to claim 1, wherein the pollinated trees and the main planted apple trees flower at the same time.
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| CN201810716162.3A CN108781980B (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Method for promoting fruit setting of apple trees |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106234115A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 成都科比亚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of bagging plantation method improving fruit quality |
| CN106900462B (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2020-05-01 | 山东农业大学 | Method for configuring efficient pollination trees to join pollination apples to build garden of single variety |
| CN107750786A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-03-06 | 祥云县琼芝农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of red apple |
| CN107912203A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-04-17 | 四川岭上云农林科技有限责任公司 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of apple tree |
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2018
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Effective date of registration: 20231020 Address after: 719000 Yuan Jia Gou Village, Liu Guoju Town, Jia County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Yulin Shanye Xiaozhu Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd. Address before: 044100 no.088, xijiayao village, Zhuoli industrial and Trade Zone, Linyi County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province Patentee before: Feng Haiming |
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