CN1137856A

CN1137856A - Method of flat film irrigation

Info

Publication number: CN1137856A
Application number: CN 96104730
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王乘谦; 王长新; 姜卉芳; 李玉柱
Original assignee: WATER RESOURCES AND CIVIL ENGINEERING BRANCH INST XINJIANG AGRICULTURAL UNIV
Current assignee: WATER RESOURCES AND CIVIL ENGINEERING BRANCH INST XINJIANG AGRICULTURAL UNIV
Priority date: 1996-04-24
Filing date: 1996-04-24
Publication date: 1996-12-18
Anticipated expiration: 2016-04-24
Also published as: CN1061510C

Abstract

The water-saving irrigation technique for crops features that based on existing irrigation canal, a film is covered over the farmland which has earth bank surrounding it to form a rectangular bed of land, and after seeding and making water-infiltrating holes on the film, water is drained in the rectangular bed of land until an isobathic layer of water is formed. Its advantages include easy control of water consumption, saving water, and uniform irrigation.

Description

The method of flat film irrigation

The invention belongs to a kind of method of water-saving irrigation technique, particularly flat film irrigation.

Existing irrigation method, be to utilize ground line gradient to irrigate traditionally, be the conserve water resource, improve the output of crops, invented " irrigation Technique Over Pored plastic " and seen " Xinjiang water conservancy " the 5th phase in 1991, " formation's reclamation area cotton irrigation Technique Over Pored plastic test and research ", this technology is on the film-mulching cultivation basis, utilizes 1～8 ‰ ground line gradient, carries out closed border irrigation, irrigation water is flow through from mulch film, flow a kind of method of pouring water that ooze on the limit to the soil inner edge by the seedling hole.Can play raising ground temperature, effectively protect fertilizer, suppress weed growth, improve the advantage of crop yield.But, when pouring water with this technology, the water layer forward on the furrow face when the furrow tail also has a segment distance, just need the sealing mouth of a river, make the interior remaining current of furrow continue to flow forward up to the furrow tail, but often have a surplus water when overflowing at the furrow tail, the first infiltration of furrow is the needs of not enough crops still, cause easily to metal run out and break through the furrow ridge.This technical deficiency part is to pour water evenly inadequately, and water yield control difficulty is bigger, pours water that it is more to expend man-hour, and water-saving result is undesirable, because of irrigation quantity easily runs off, can't cause crops later stage fertilizer deficiency in conjunction with irrigation fertilization.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of flat film irrigation, not only simple to operate, to pour water evenly, the water yield is controlled easily, and water-saving result is obvious, and it is few to expend man-hour, and can be in conjunction with irrigation fertilization, and the assurance crops later stage is fertilizer deficiency not.

The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of flat film irrigation, can directly utilize the existing channel diversion in irrigated area, the steps include: 1, trimming field face makes its maintenance level, it is in 0.8 ‰ that error is controlled at the gradient, 2, covering film on the face of field, four limit perks with mulch film, imbed the low bank of earth between fields, form the embanked field, and sowing simultaneously, on mulch film, beat uniform infiltration hole, when 3, pouring water, water is introduced on the mulch film in embanked field, in the embanked field, formed the corresponding profundal zone that waits according to the water requirements of crops, water inlet can be sealed, water is by infiltration hole infiltrating irrigation in soil.

This invention is owing to be trimmed to horizontal field face to the embanked field of covering film, in the embanked field sowing and beat the hole of seeping water after, when pouring water, easy and simple to handle, the embanked field is gone in diversion, on the face of embanked field according to profundal zones such as crop water requirement formation, only need to observe the water depth before the furrow ridge, need not to monitor the situation of pouring water of furrow tail, need not to control flow of inlet water, the depth of water reaches the requirement degree of depth, and the water inlet on the furrow ridge can seal.Both can save man hour of labour, and be not easy again to metal run out, because the infiltration hole that rationally distributes, make that ground moistening is even on the embanked field everywhere, water-saving result is remarkable, because of irrigation quantity does not run off, can be beneficial to the growth of crops in conjunction with irrigation fertilization, the present invention is applicable to the irrigation of various dry field farming things.

Fig. 1 is for planting the vertical view of the unit of pouring water in the furrow of the present invention, Fig. 2 is for planting the vertical view of the unit of pouring water on the ridge of the present invention, Fig. 3 is the pour water A-A cutaway view of unit of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the unit B-B cutaway views of pouring water of plantation in the furrow of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is the unit C-C cutaway view of pouring water of plantation on the ridge of the present invention.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described, a kind of method of flat film irrigation, can directly utilize the existing channel diversion in irrigated area, the steps include: 1, trimming field face, make its maintenance level, it is in 0.8 ‰ that error is controlled at the gradient, 2,2. 6. covering film with mulch film four limit perks 6., imbed the low bank of earth between fields on the face of field, form the embanked field 1., and sowing simultaneously, the dense planting crops are as the wheat class, the broomcorn millet cereal broadcast the embanked field 1. in, wide capable crops such as cotton, corn, Chinese sorghums etc. are broadcast on the furrow ridge and 2. go up, 6. beat uniform infiltration hole 4. at mulch film on, simultaneously, 1. also set up uniform additional infiltration hole 5. on the field face of afterbody in the embanked field, 3, when pouring water, water is introduced the embanked field, deliver to mulch film very soon with big flow and 6. go up, form the corresponding profundal zone that waits according to the water requirements of crops is temporary transient in 1. in the embanked field, water inlet can be sealed, water by the infiltration hole 4. with the seedling hole 3. and additional infiltration 5. infiltrating irrigation in soil of hole.

Embodiment: the method for irrigation on plastic membrance water and the method for flat film irrigation are relatively.

On the farmland under the equal clay fertilizer condition, carry out the contrast experiment:

1, the method for irrigation on plastic membrance water: use the method for irrigation on plastic membrance water on 300 mu of bar fields, the bar field gradient is 4 ‰, and film is built the ridge on face upper berth, field, form the embanked field, and sowing simultaneously, pour water needs 8 people at every turn, work and just can finish in two days, when pouring water, the head and the tail in embanked field all need the people to monitor, when pouring water layer forward when the embanked field afterbody also has a segment distance, just seal water inlet, make that remaining current continue to flow forward in the embanked field, up to the embanked field afterbody, but just occurring surplus water slightly accidentally overflows from ridge.400 cubic metres of every mu of ground irrigating water quota average out to are owing to can not cause crops later stage fertilizer deficiency in conjunction with irrigation fertilization.

2, the method of flat film irrigation: the method for on 300 mu of bar fields, using flat film irrigation, the steps include: to rebuild the field face and make its maintenance level, it is in 0.8 ‰ that error is controlled at the gradient, covering film is built the ridge and is formed the embanked field on the face of field, and sow in the embanked field simultaneously, beat uniform infiltration hole and on the face of the field of embanked field afterbody, beat uniform additional infiltration hole, when pouring water, very soon deliver to mulch film on big flow water by channel, water requirement temporary transient formation in the embanked field according to crops waits profundal zone, water is by plant growth hole and infiltration hole infiltrating irrigation in soil, pour water needs two people at every turn, can finish in one day, and every mu of ground irrigating water quota is 300 cubic metres, and can promote the growth of crops in conjunction with irrigation fertilization.

From two kinds of above-mentioned methods of pouring water relatively: the method for flat film irrigation is more easy and simple to handle than the method for irrigation on plastic membrance water, saving of work and time, and water-saving result is obvious, and the joint rate reaches 25%, can be in conjunction with irrigation fertilization, to improve the output of crops.

Claims

1, a kind of method of flat film irrigation can directly be utilized the existing channel diversion in irrigated area, it is characterized in that:

(1) trimming field face makes its maintenance level, and it is in 0.8 ‰ that error is controlled at the gradient;

(2) 2. 6. covering film with mulch film four limit perks 6., imbed the low bank of earth between fields on the face of field, forms the embanked field 1., and sow simultaneously and beat uniform infiltration hole 4.;

When (3) pouring water, by channel water is introduced embanked field mulch film 1. and 6. go up, according to the water requirement of crops, form the corresponding profundal zone that waits in the embanked field in 1., water inlet can be sealed, water is by infiltration 4. infiltrating irrigation in soil of hole.

2, the method for flat film irrigation according to claim 1 is characterized in that 1. also setting up uniform additional infiltration hole 5. on the field face of afterbody in the embanked field.