CN1070018C

CN1070018C - Mulch deeply spreading method for preserving field soil moisture, water saving and anti-salinization

Info

Publication number: CN1070018C
Application number: CN98101749A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 殷建中
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-05-04
Filing date: 1998-05-04
Publication date: 2001-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 2018-05-04
Also published as: CN1194088A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to a method for soil moisture preservation of fields, water saving and salinization resistance. Utilizing the property that a common mulch is difficult to decompose and rots in soil after many years, the mulch is laid and buried at the proper depth of a field and is pricked with a proper quantity of small holes in uniform distribution, and then the mulch can prevent moisture in the soil from quick leaking and prevent saline alkali in low-lying salinized land from upwards floating. The present invention can greatly enhance the periods of soil moisture preservation and drought resistance for arid fields, can greatly reduce water consumption and can corresponding reduces fertilizer drain for paddy fields and vegetable planting zones, and can eliminate saline alkali harm for the low-lying salinized land. As long as the present invention is implemented once, the present invention can be beneficial for the fields for more than twenty or thirty years.

Description

The mulch deeply spreading method of preserving field soil moisture, water saving and anti-salinization

The invention belongs to a kind of anti-saline and alkaline method of soil moisture conservation water saving of farmland.

Present farmland, for the moisture content that natural rainfall and man-made irrigation gave, all give free rein to the underground deep layer seepage, cause very big waste, once Bao Gui saturating rain or once rare full filling is after few day, damage caused by a drought occurs once again, and crops usually therefore and the underproduction of suffering from drought; In vast many nonirrigated farmlands short of rain district and sand soil area, this phenomenon is particularly serious.The film-mulching technique of having implemented, sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation, infiltrating irrigation and canopy such as plant at technology, to the aspects such as soil moisture conservation water saving in farmland playing good effect; But prior art was just implemented throttling or control face of land moisture content evaporation discharge before moisture content enters soil, and moisture content enters after the soil, because the gravity of self, produce very strong downward osmosis, cause the too fast seepage of moisture content, in order to keep soil moisture content, the irrigation volume of having to thereupon increase; How to control the too fast seepage of moisture content in the agricultural land soil, further improve the availability of water resource, the effective ways of Shang Wuxin; Simultaneously, the saline and alkaline improvement in saline and alkaline regional farmland also is insoluble always problem.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simply and effectively mulch deeply spreading method of preserving field soil moisture, water saving and anti-salinization.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

1, it is to utilize durable antiseepage mulch film many years in soil to be difficult to decompose rotten characteristic, and Jiang Qipu is embedded in the appropriate depth in farmland; It is characterized in that:

(1) cut out the soil layer 2 of the face of land, farmland below 1 temporarily, the suitable soil layer of the degree of depth of digging below plow layer;

(2) will cut out 3 leveling smoothings at the bottom of the pan soil that soil layer 2 exposed, mulch film 4 will be tiled at the bottom of the pan soil on 3, spread one deck suede soil immediately, press film 4 quietly, with sharp device mulch film 4 is pricked saturating an amount of uniform aperture 5 again, its density takes the circumstances into consideration to grasp, sand loam soil and area short of rain, its aperture 5 will lack;

(3) with the soil layer 2 that cuts out, all backfill levelings;

(4) enforcement in whole plot can be divided into some sticks branch and carry out, and perform linking.

2, according to the mulch deeply spreading method of the above preserving field soil moisture, water saving and anti-salinization, its feature also is:

(1) when building new farmland,, can reduce the bedding thickness of required soil layer with the supporting enforcement of this method;

(2) this method can be planted complete sets of Techniques such as technology, sprinkling irrigation with film-mulching technique, canopy, and the farmland is comprehensively implemented.

The advantage of this method is: implementation method is simple, low-cost high being benefited; Only need the mulch film expense and certain slack season labour and farm machinery; Compare with additive method, it is long to have an operating period, and need not operate, and need not keep in repair, and does not have characteristics such as farming obstacle; Only need to keep routine water drainage measure in the past to get final product.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing:

Accompanying drawing is the mulch deeply spreading cutaway view;

Wherein: 1, at the bottom of the face of land 2, back fill course 3, the pan soil 4, mulch film 5, aperture.

From accompanying drawing as can be seen, mulch film 4 shop is embedded at the bottom of the pan soil of back fill course below 2 on 3, picture is given in the soil layer of farmland and adorned a banister, and it has double action: the moisture content that 1, makes natural rainfall and man-made irrigation and given is stored among the soil, slowly absorbs for crops; 2, in the saline land, can block saline and alkaline come-up, build the environment that absorbs the fresh water growth to crops.Aperture 5 makes mulch film 4 can play the effect of water storage soil moisture conservation, does not form stagnant water again, prevents the generation of harmful substance and accumulates.In the saline land, it is saline and alkaline upwards to bore floating minute quantity by aperture 5 sometimes, remains within the harmless content.The shop buried depth degree of mulch film 4 is generally 30-60 centimetre; Its depth bounds, one will guarantee contain poultry amount and the anti-moisture in the soil ability of soil to moisture content; Two will specifically grasp according to the size of crops root system, to satisfy the needs of crops.The thickness of used mulch film 4 generally is not less than 0.08 millimeter, increases with thickness and can improve some costs, but also can correspondingly extend using period simultaneously.

The enforcement in whole plot can be divided into some sticks branch and carry out, and perform linking.

This method is mainly used in dry land, paddy field, growing vegetables district and the saline land etc. of the no obvious gradient.Can prolong the soil moisture conservation drought resisting cycle greatly to dry land; Can significantly reduce the water input to paddy field and growing vegetables district, and corresponding minimizing fertilizer loss; To the saline land, when realizing the soil moisture conservation water saving, can eliminate saline and alkaline harm.

This method will realize anti-saline and alkaline the increasing benefit of soil moisture conservation water saving to the farmland with its distinctive effect.

Claims

1. the mulch deeply spreading method of a preserving field soil moisture, water saving and anti-salinization.It is to utilize common ground film many years in soil to be difficult to decompose rotten characteristic, and Jiang Qipu is embedded in the appropriate depth in farmland, it is characterized in that:

(1) cut out the 1. following soil layer in the face of land, farmland 2. temporarily, the suitable soil layer of the degree of depth of digging below plow layer;

(2) 3. flatten smoothing at the bottom of will cutting out the pan soil that 2. soil layer exposed, 4. be tiled at the bottom of the pan soil 3. mulch film on, spread one deck suede soil immediately, press quietly film 4. with sharp device 5. 4. mulch film to be pricked an amount of even cloth aperture again;

(3) with the 2. all backfill levelings of soil layer that cut out.

2. according to the mulch deeply spreading method of the described preserving field soil moisture, water saving and anti-salinization of claim 1, its feature also is:

(1) when building new farmland, carry out with this method is supporting, can reduce the bedding thickness of required soil layer;