CN113774687B - 一种活性染料数码印花墨水及用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开了一种活性染料数码印花墨水,包括红色活性染料、聚合物印花墨水助剂、多元醇、尿素、海藻酸钠、三乙醇胺、去离子水;调节印花墨水pH=7‑9。此外,还公开了该活性染料数码印花墨水在棉织物数码印花中的用途。针对棉织物,该活性染料数码印花墨水不仅耐干摩擦色牢度更好,而且耐湿摩擦色牢度更好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于数码印花技术领域,具体涉及一种活性染料数码印花墨水及用途。
背景技术
数码印花是近二十年纺织行业新兴的印花技术,它通过扫描仪等输入设备将印花图案数字化,并输入到计算机中;在利用专用软件控制微压电式喷墨系统,将印花墨水直接喷射到纺织介质上,形成所需的印花图案。相较于传统印花,数码印花具有低耗能、低污染、快速灵活等优点,在保证高印花品质的同时,也满足个性化定制、小批量生产等客户需求,具有广阔的市场应用前景,是印花生产加工的重要发展方向。随着劳动力成本的逐年提升和环境保护法规趋于严格,越来越多的印花企业开始转变生产方式向数码印花行业转型。
数码印花在工业化发展的过程中存在一些问题有待解决,例如,微压电式喷头容易堵塞,印花织物色彩不够鲜艳,印花图案不清晰且边缘存在毛刺现象,织物耐摩擦牢度和耐水洗牢度较差,墨水储存稳定性不好,墨水与喷头性能参数不一致,印花成本仍然偏高,等等。这些具体问题或多或少与印花墨水的性能参数有一定联系,为了实现纺织行业的根本性变革,就必须以这些具体问题的解决作为抓手。
印花墨水作为数码印花工艺中的关键耗材,成本约占据生产总成本的40%,因而是印花发展的关键影响因素之一,在数码印花产业化过程中必须重视墨水的研发。
根据墨水所用着色剂不同,纺织品喷墨印花墨水分为染料墨水和颜料墨水。理论上所有纺织品染色和印花用染料都可以配制成数码印花墨水,但市场上数码印花墨水种类主要是活性染料墨水、酸性染料墨水和分散染料墨水。目前市场上活性染料墨水约占30%,酸性染料墨水约占7%,分散染料墨水约占60%。
其中,活性染料分子结构中含有反应性基团,染色时能与纤维上的某些基团发生反应,形成共价键与纤维结合。所以,活性染料与纤维结合牢固,有着较好的耐水洗牢度和耐摩擦牢度,是目前纺织品染色用量最大的染料。活性染料脱盐制成墨水后,主要用于棉、真丝等纺织品的数码印花。
活性染料喷墨印花的墨水配方一般包含着色剂、溶剂、粘度调节剂、表面活性剂、保湿剂、抗菌剂、pH调节剂等。墨水的性能参数和配方不能普遍适用,因为织物种类不同,喷墨墨水所用染料就不同,需要采用不同的喷射技术。
目前制备喷墨印花墨水使用的一般是脱盐或含盐量较低的染料,这是因为在制备喷墨印花墨水时,含盐量过高的染料会对其溶解度和墨水的性能以及后续喷墨打印过程产生很大的影响,最终会导致喷墨印花机的喷头堵塞甚至损坏。此外,活性染料墨水因其染料成分中带有活性基团,可以与氨基或者羟基发生化学反应,将染料和织物牢牢结合起来,使喷墨印花产品具有一定的耐摩擦牢度。然而,当活性染料溶解度较差或者活性染料含量较高时,过量的活性染料不仅容易形成聚集体,而且不容易与纤维素纤维结合,而只能在织物表面堆积而形成浮色,严重影响织物的耐摩擦色牢度。
中国专利CN102108641B公开了一种数码印花活性染料喷墨墨水,其按重量百分比由以下组分组成:活性染料1.0~20%,粘度调节剂10~40%,表面张力调节剂0.2~2%,pH值控制剂0.1~3.0%,杀菌剂0.3~1.5%,其余量去离子水。该发明中的数码印花活性染料喷墨墨水适合用于印染织物,例如真丝、纯棉、麻、粘胶纤维及其混合纤维的织物,特别是在羊毛织物上的色力度、色牢度和色彩重现性较好。该数码印花活性染料喷墨墨水针对红色活性染料(C.I.活性红31和C.I.活性红495)的耐干摩擦色牢度为4级,同时未记载耐湿摩擦色牢度。
中国专利CN106480753B公开了一种真丝涤纶混纺面料用数码印花墨水,包括以下主要成分:活性染料、海藻酸钠、尿素、元明粉、纯碱、聚乙二醇改性β-环糊精、分散剂和去离子水,通过在传统的印花墨水中加入聚乙二醇改性β-环糊精,提高了β-环糊精与丝绸中蛋白质的结合性能,活性染料的染色效果大大提高,对真丝表面印花,色彩鲜艳,色牢度高。然而,该数码印花墨水织物种类为真丝涤纶混纺面料,并未记载棉织物的耐摩擦色牢度。
因而,针对棉织物,仍然需要寻找一种耐摩擦色牢度更好的活性染料数码印花墨水及用途。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种活性染料数码印花墨水及用途。相对于现有技术,所述活性染料数码印花墨水针对棉织物不仅耐干摩擦色牢度更好,而且耐湿摩擦色牢度更好。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种活性染料数码印花墨水,其配方为:
红色活性染料 8-16wt%;
聚合物印花墨水助剂 0.5-2.5wt%;
多元醇 10-20wt%;
尿素 2-10wt%;
海藻酸钠 0.5-1.5wt%;
三乙醇胺 1-3wt%;
去离子水;
调节印花墨水 pH=7-9。
优选地,红色活性染料 10-14wt%;
聚合物印花墨水助剂 1-2wt%;
多元醇 12-18wt%;
尿素 4-8wt%;
海藻酸钠 0.8-1.2wt%;
三乙醇胺 1.5-2.5wt%;
去离子水;
调节印花墨水pH=7.5-8.5。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述红色活性染料选自C.I.活性红21、24、31、33、45、111、112、114、180、218、226、228、235的一种或多种。
优选地,所述红色活性染料选自C.I.活性红24、33、111、112、180、226、235的一种或多种;更优选地,所述红色活性染料选自C.I.活性红24、111、226的一种或多种;以及,最优选地,所述红色活性染料选自C.I.活性红111。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述聚合物印花墨水助剂由丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸磺酸钠、4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚和末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体共聚反应得到。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体与4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚的摩尔比为1:(2-4)。
优选地,所述末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体与4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚的摩尔比为1:(2.5-3.5)。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体由β-环糊精与对苯磺酰氯按照摩尔比1:1反应后,再依次与2-羟基乙胺和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯反应得到。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚的数均分子量Mn=1500-3500g/mol。
优选地,4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚的数均分子量Mn=1800-3000g/mol。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体与丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸磺酸钠的摩尔比为1:(5-9):(0.5-1.5)。
优选地,所述末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体与丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸磺酸钠的摩尔比为1:(6-8):(0.8-1.2)。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述共聚反应的引发体系为过氧化氢/Vc体系。
有利地,过氧化氢与Vc的摩尔比为(2.4-3.6):1;优选地,过氧化氢与Vc的摩尔比为(2.7-3.3):1。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,过氧化氢的加入量为所有共聚单体摩尔数之和的5-15%。
优选地,过氧化氢的加入量为所有共聚单体摩尔数之和的8-12%。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述共聚反应的反应温度为40-80℃。
优选地,所述共聚反应的反应温度为50-70℃。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述聚合物印花墨水助剂的重均分子量Mw=10000-18000g/mol;数均分子量Mn=4000-6000g/mol;PDI=2.5-2.9。
优选地,所述印花墨水助剂的重均分子量Mw=12000-15000g/mol;数均分子量Mn=4500-5500g/mol;PDI=2.6-2.8。
根据本发明所述的印花墨水,其中,所述多元醇选自乙二醇、1,3-丙三醇、1,2丙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇和1,4-丁二醇的一种或多种。
优选地,所述多元醇选自1,3-丙三醇和1,4-丁二醇的一种。
另一方面,本发明还提供了一种根据本发明所述活性染料数码印花墨水在棉织物数码印花中的用途。
发明人发现,相对于现有技术,所述活性染料数码印花墨水针对棉织物不仅耐干摩擦色牢度更好,而且耐湿摩擦色牢度更好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
应理解,本发明的具体实施方式仅用于阐释本发明的精神和原则,而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明的技术方案作出各种改动、替换、删减、修正或调整,这些等价技术方案同样落于本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1—末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体
在30min内,向350mL含有25g(22mmol)β-环糊精的悬浮液中加入160mL NaOH溶液(2.34M),在室温搅拌下剧烈搅拌反应3h,然后加入8.39g(44mmol)对苯磺酰氯,在4℃条件下剧烈搅拌反应5h。过滤除去未反应的对苯磺酰氯,加入盐酸中和至pH=6.5,在4℃条件下静置过夜。抽滤得到白色沉淀。在水中重结晶3次,60℃条件下真空干燥24h,得到白色固体1。
将20g(15.5mmol)白色固体1,20mLDMF和20mL 2-羟基乙胺依次加入到圆底烧瓶中,75℃条件下搅拌反应6h,冷却至室温,反应结束。将反应液倾入300mL冷丙酮中,得到白色沉淀作为粗产物。将粗产物再次溶解于水中,并且使用丙酮再沉淀;反复3次。60℃条件下真空干燥48h,得到白色固体2。
将30g(25.5mmol)白色固体2溶解于80mL体积比1:1的DMF/H2O混合溶液中,加入4.35g(30.6mmol)甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯,80℃条件下搅拌反应10h。冷却至室温,反应结束。将反应液倾入400mL冷丙酮中,得到白色沉淀作为粗产物。将粗产物再次溶解于水中,并且使用丙酮再沉淀;反复3次。室温条件下真空干燥48h,得到白色固体3,即末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体。1HNMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:6.08(s,1H),5.97(d,1H),5.82-5.55(m,14H),4.87(s,5H),4.82(s,2H),4.53-4.35(m,7H),4.06(m,1H),3.98(m,1H),3.78-3.46(m,28H),3.45-3.22(m,16H),3.17(m,1H),2.94(m,1H),2.74-2.35(m,4H),1.89(s,2H),1.87(s,1H)。
实施例2—聚合物印花墨水助剂
将23.8g(18mmol)末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体和130g(54mmol)4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚(数均分子量Mn=2400g/mol)加入到圆底烧瓶中,再加入200mL去离子水。在氮气气氛保护下,水浴升温至60℃,搅拌条件下得到透明溶液。加入0.73g(21.6mmol)过氧化氢。再将1.26g(7.2mmol)Vc溶于50mL去离子水中,得到引发剂溶液。再将9.2g(126mmol)丙烯酸和2.9g(18mmol)甲基丙烯酸磺酸钠溶解于30mL去离子水中,得到单体溶液。将单体溶液和引发剂溶液滴加到前述透明溶液中,滴加完毕继续反应1h。反应完毕,冷却至室温。使用30wt%氢氧化钠溶液调节pH=6.5,得到浅黄色透明溶液。将浅黄色透明溶液倾入500mL冷无水乙醇中,得到淡黄色沉淀作为粗产物。将粗产物再次溶解于水中,并且使用无水乙醇再沉淀;反复3次。室温条件下真空干燥48h,得到聚合物印花墨水助剂。IR(KBr)ν=3390cm-1,2930cm-1,1722cm-1,1643cm-1,1460cm-1,1340cm-1,1082cm-1,960cm-1。使用安捷伦PL-GPC50测定聚合物印花墨水助剂的重均分子量Mw=13684g/mol;数均分子量Mn=5035g/mol;PDI=2.71。
实施例3—活性染料数码印花墨水
活性染料数码印花墨水配方为:
C.I.活性红 111 12wt%;
实施例2的聚合物印花墨水助剂 1.5wt%;
1,4-丁二醇 15wt%;
尿素 6wt%;
海藻酸钠 1wt%;
三乙醇胺 2wt%;
去离子水
调节印花墨水pH=8。
分别使用搅拌机(400rpm)搅拌2h和砂磨机(1200rpm)砂磨8h;取出产品放置48h,用孔径为0.45μm的滤膜进行过滤,得到活性染料数码印花墨水。
比较例1—活性染料数码印花墨水
活性染料数码印花墨水配方为:
C.I.活性红 11112wt%;
Triton X-100 1.5wt%;
1,4-丁二醇 15wt%;
尿素 6wt%;
海藻酸钠 1wt%;
三乙醇胺 2wt%;
去离子水;
调节印花墨水pH=8。
分别使用搅拌机(400rpm)搅拌2h和砂磨机(1200rpm)砂磨8h;取出产品放置48h,用孔径为0.45μm的滤膜进行过滤,得到活性染料数码印花墨水。
比较例2—活性染料数码印花墨水
不加入末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体,其余条件同实施例2,制备得到比较例2的聚合物印花墨水助剂。
活性染料数码印花墨水配方为:
C.I.活性红 111 12wt%;
比较例2的聚合物印花墨水助剂 1.5wt%;
1,4-丁二醇 15wt%;
尿素 6wt%;
海藻酸钠 1wt%;
三乙醇胺 2wt%;
去离子水;
调节印花墨水pH=8。
分别使用搅拌机(400rpm)搅拌2h和砂磨机(1200rpm)砂磨8h;取出产品放置48h,用孔径为0.45μm的滤膜进行过滤,得到活性染料数码印花墨水。
性能测试
将配制好的墨水装入打印机内,先清洗喷头,然后在纯棉织物上进行喷墨印花,102℃汽蒸10min,水洗,皂洗,烘干,进行印花性能测试。印花织物的耐摩擦色牢度按照《GB/T 3920-2008纺织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》进行评价。
结果参见表1。
表1
耐干摩擦色牢度 | 耐湿摩擦色牢度 | |
实施例3 | 5 | 4-5 |
比较例1 | 4 | 3 |
比较例2 | 4 | 3-4 |
从表1可以看出,相对于比较例1和2,本发明实施例3针对棉织物不仅耐干摩擦色牢度更好,而且耐湿摩擦色牢度更好。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种活性染料数码印花墨水,其配方为:
红色活性染料 8-16wt%;
聚合物印花墨水助剂 0.5-2.5wt%;
多元醇 10-20wt%;
尿素 2-10wt%;
海藻酸钠 0.5-1.5wt%;
三乙醇胺 1-3wt%;
去离子水;
调节印花墨水pH=7-9;
其中,所述聚合物印花墨水助剂由丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸磺酸钠、4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚和末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体共聚反应得到;
所述末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体与4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚的摩尔比为1:(2-4);所述末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体与丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸磺酸钠的摩尔比为1:(5-9):(0.5-1.5);
所述末端丙烯酸酯的β-环糊精单体由β-环糊精与对苯磺酰氯按照摩尔比1:1反应后,再依次与2-羟基乙胺和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯反应得到;
4-羟丁基聚乙二醇乙烯基醚的数均分子量Mn=1500-3500g/mol;
所述聚合物印花墨水助剂的重均分子量Mw=10000-18000g/mol;数均分子量Mn=4000-6000g/mol;PDI=2.5-2.9。
2.根据权利要求1所述的印花墨水,其中,所述红色活性染料选自C.I.活性红21、24、31、33、45、111、112、114、180、218、226、228、235的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的印花墨水,其中,所述共聚反应的反应温度为40-80℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的印花墨水,其中,所述多元醇选自乙二醇、1,3-丙三醇、1,2丙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇和1,4-丁二醇的一种或多种。
5.一种根据权利要求1-4任一项所述活性染料数码印花墨水在棉织物数码印花中的用途。
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