CN108071023B - 一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺 - Google Patents

一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺 Download PDF

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CN108071023B
CN108071023B CN201610979149.8A CN201610979149A CN108071023B CN 108071023 B CN108071023 B CN 108071023B CN 201610979149 A CN201610979149 A CN 201610979149A CN 108071023 B CN108071023 B CN 108071023B
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宋丽娜
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，解决了现有技术中墨水水洗牢度低、鲜艳度差的问题。一种活性高分子染料墨水，以N,O‑羧甲基壳聚糖作为高分子染料骨架，与活性染料在水溶液中发生均相接枝反应制备而成，该活性染料为K型活性染料与F型活性染料的复合，N,O‑羧甲基壳聚糖与活性染料的摩尔比为7～4:1，将活性染料分子接枝到N,O‑羧甲基壳聚糖的骨架上，活性染料分子的迁移及渗透较少，因此具有无毒、安全、使用方便的优异性能。

Description

一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染 工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及印染技术领域，特别是指一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺。
背景技术
喷墨印花墨水一般由色素、水或有机溶剂、添加剂组成，织物用喷墨印花墨水除了对色素纯度、不溶性固体颗粒粒径以及墨水的粘度、表面张力、稳定性、pH值和起泡性等有具体要求之外，还要求墨水喷射到织物上形成图案后，必须具有良好的耐水洗等色牢度有较高的要求，目前，按照配制墨水所使用的溶剂，纺织品数字喷墨印花墨水可以分为水性墨水和溶剂性墨水，水性墨水又分为小分子染料墨水和高分子染料墨水，小分子染料墨水的流动性好，饱和度高，但是这些小分子染料墨水在印花牢度上存在很大的问题，使得织物颜色不够鲜艳，并且在织物后整理阶段往往需要多次水洗才能出去没有固色的染料，不符合节约资源的需求，溶剂性墨水需先与分散剂和其他添加剂一起粉碎加工，制成颗粒细小且足够分散稳定的水性分散体系，发展溶剂性墨水的重点技术要求：选择适用的颜料与粘合剂，使墨滴快速吸色、少扩散，防止喷嘴堵塞，由于颜料对任何纤维都没有亲和力，必须借助粘合剂的作用才能固着在纤维上，目前普遍应用于涂料印花中的聚丙烯酸酯类商品甚多，但其成膜性及流变性远不能满足喷墨印花油墨系统的要求，高分子染料墨水处于研究阶段，由于其印花强度高、鲜艳度好、水洗牢度良好，必定成为喷墨印花发展的趋势，且用这种墨水在棉织物上进行喷墨印花的印染工艺具有非常大得研究意义。
发明内容
本发明提出一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，解决了现有技术中墨水水洗牢度低、鲜艳度差的问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：一种活性高分子染料墨水，
以N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖作为高分子染料骨架，与活性染料在水溶液中发生均相接枝反应制备而成，活性染料为K型活性染料与F型活性染料的复合，N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖与活性染料的摩尔比为7～4:1。
优选的，N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖与活性染料的摩尔比为5:1。
优选的，K型活性染料与F型活性染料的质量比为1～2:6～8。
本发明利用水溶性染料与高聚物的反应制备水性高分子染料，该方法是通过反应将水溶性染料悬挂于高聚物的侧链上或与高聚物分子符合而获得，N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖具有两性聚电解质的性质，这一特性为高分子染料的纯化提供了一条非常优越的途径，K型活性染料与F型活性染料均为水溶性的三嗪活性染料分子，将活性染料分子接枝到N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖的骨架上，活性染料分子的迁移及渗透较少，因此具有无毒、安全、使用方便的优异性能。
本发明又提出一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，包括以下步骤，
1)棉织物活性染料印花前处理：
将针织坯布按顺序进行烧毛、丝光、平幅连续漂白、生物酶抛光、三道丝光处理，制得棉针织品；
2)对棉针织品进行表面处理：
采用浸轧法将棉针织品进入轧槽后经过一浸一轧，轧槽内含表面处理剂混合液，使棉针织品带液率为65～80％，后进行烘干，得待喷墨印花用织物；
3)喷墨印花
用活性高分子染料墨水制备色浆液，后进行喷墨印花，烘干、汽蒸、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗、烘干，定型即得喷印织物。
优选的，步骤1)中丝光处理的工艺条件：
Figure GDA0002499820790000021
生物酶抛光的工艺条件：
Figure GDA0002499820790000031
优选的，步骤2)中表面处理剂混合液含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure GDA0002499820790000032
优选的，步骤3)中色浆液中含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure GDA0002499820790000033
本发明的优点：
1)活性高分子染料墨水，其染色是分子水平的染色，因此同小分子染料相比，用量大为减少，表现出颜色鲜艳，色度牢，染料利用率高；
2)在喷墨印花印染工艺上，为了使染料能够充分上染到纤维，在织物上表现出优异的图像效果，对织物进行了印花前处理，这一系列前处理使得织物表面粗糙度低、亲水性能好，为后一步的表面处理做好前期准备，进而使得染料上色度好；
3)本发明的表面活性剂混合液中采用改性聚丙烯酸、丙烯酸共聚物，这两种物质是一种非离子聚合物，染料受到的静电斥力很小，同时该聚合物具有较强的吸湿性，有利于活性染料分子对棉纤维的上染和固色，在织物上表现出优异的图像效果，混合液中使用代碱剂E，是一种环保型液体产品，外观高度透明，溶解性好，不会增加染液的粘度，使用新型碱剂E替代纯碱，其固色效果好，且色泽稳定，易洗涤；
4)在喷染印花阶段，在活性高分子染料墨水中添加分散剂、杀菌剂等制备色浆液，使得印墨的表面张力高，良好的表面张力使得色浆的渗透性和清晰度非常好，印墨不易形成小的微滴，还会使喷嘴表面不易被润湿，不影响液滴对织物的渗透。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种活性高分子染料墨水，以N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖作为高分子染料骨架，与活性染料在水溶液中发生均相接枝反应制备而成，活性染料为K型活性染料与F型活性染料的复合，N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖与活性染料的摩尔比为7～4:1。
优选的，N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖与活性染料的摩尔比为5:1。
进一步优选的，K型活性染料与F型活性染料的质量比为1～2:6～8。
本发明提出一种活性高分子染料墨水的制备方法，向装有回流冷凝管和机械搅拌装置的三口烧瓶中加入40gN,O-羧甲基壳聚糖和100ml去离子水，在75℃的条件下搅拌均匀，后加入碳酸钠调节pH值为8.5，搅拌30min，缓慢加入8gK型活性染料与F型活性染料的复合物，反应1h后加入稀释的盐酸溶解，调节pH值到N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖的等电点附近，有大量沉淀析出，将沉淀过滤后重新溶于氢氧化钠溶液中，再加入盐酸使其析出，重复上述操作，直至滤液颜色浅淡，最后用80％的乙醇洗涤，真空干燥后制得N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖改性高分子染料。
以3个实施例来具体说明的技术方案：
实施例1
一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，包括以下步骤，
1)棉织物活性染料印花前处理：
将针织坯布按顺序进行烧毛、丝光、平幅连续漂白、生物酶抛光、三道丝光处理，制得棉针织品；烧毛可以将棉纱线的表面的茸毛处理掉，将棉针织面料表面光洁平整，纹路清晰，丝光处理为活性染料印花提供了高水平的坯布，丝光处理的工艺条件：
Figure GDA0002499820790000051
生物酶抛光的工艺条件：
Figure GDA0002499820790000052
生物酶抛光是用生物酶去除坯布表面物质，是坯布抗起毛起球、柔软、蓬松，生物抛光整理的效果具有持久性，能经受洗涤。
2)对棉针织品进行表面处理：
采用浸轧法将棉针织品进入轧槽后经过一浸一轧，轧槽内含表面处理剂混合液，使棉针织品带液率为65％，后进行烘干，得待喷墨印花用织物；表面处理剂混合液含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure GDA0002499820790000053
Figure GDA0002499820790000061
3)喷墨印花
用活性高分子染料墨水制备色浆液，后进行喷墨印花，烘干、汽蒸、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗、烘干，定型即得喷印织物。色浆液中含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure GDA0002499820790000062
喷墨印花，根据上述配方制备色浆液，将色浆液置于喷射机上，由计算机控制指令产生和喷射色浆，印花完成，棉织物在60℃下烘干10min，汽蒸条件是105℃下，工作15min，后用冷-热-冷的清洗方式去除织物上的溶剂，最后烘干，定型即得喷印织物。
实施例2
一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，包括以下步骤，
1)棉织物活性染料印花前处理：
将针织坯布按顺序进行烧毛、丝光、平幅连续漂白、生物酶抛光、三道丝光处理，制得棉针织品；烧毛可以将棉纱线的表面的茸毛处理掉，将棉针织面料表面光洁平整，纹路清晰，丝光处理为活性染料印花提供了高水平的坯布，丝光处理的工艺条件：
Figure GDA0002499820790000063
Figure GDA0002499820790000071
生物酶抛光的工艺条件：
Figure GDA0002499820790000072
生物酶抛光是用生物酶去除坯布表面物质，是坯布抗起毛起球、柔软、蓬松，生物抛光整理的效果具有持久性，能经受洗涤。
2)对棉针织品进行表面处理：
采用浸轧法将棉针织品进入轧槽后经过一浸一轧，轧槽内含表面处理剂混合液，使棉针织品带液率为65～80％，后进行烘干，得待喷墨印花用织物；表面处理剂混合液含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure GDA0002499820790000073
3)喷墨印花
用活性高分子染料墨水制备色浆液，后进行喷墨印花，烘干、汽蒸、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗、烘干，定型即得喷印织物。色浆液中含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure GDA0002499820790000081
喷墨印花，根据上述配方制备色浆液，将色浆液置于喷射机上，由计算机控制指令产生和喷射色浆，印花完成，棉织物在60℃下烘干10min，汽蒸条件是105℃下，工作15min，后用冷-热-冷的清洗方式去除织物上的溶剂，最后烘干，定型即得喷印织物。
实施例3
一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，包括以下步骤，
1)棉织物活性染料印花前处理：
将针织坯布按顺序进行烧毛、丝光、平幅连续漂白、生物酶抛光、三道丝光处理，制得棉针织品；烧毛可以将棉纱线的表面的茸毛处理掉，将棉针织面料表面光洁平整，纹路清晰，丝光处理为活性染料印花提供了高水平的坯布，丝光处理的工艺条件：
Figure GDA0002499820790000082
生物酶抛光的工艺条件：
Figure GDA0002499820790000083
Figure GDA0002499820790000091
生物酶抛光是用生物酶去除坯布表面物质，是坯布抗起毛起球、柔软、蓬松，生物抛光整理的效果具有持久性，能经受洗涤。
2)对棉针织品进行表面处理：
采用浸轧法将棉针织品进入轧槽后经过一浸一轧，轧槽内含表面处理剂混合液，使棉针织品带液率为65～80％，后进行烘干，得待喷墨印花用织物；表面处理剂混合液含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure GDA0002499820790000092
3)喷墨印花
用活性高分子染料墨水制备色浆液，后进行喷墨印花，烘干、汽蒸、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗、烘干，定型即得喷印织物。色浆液中含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure GDA0002499820790000093
喷墨印花，根据上述配方制备色浆液，将色浆液置于喷射机上，由计算机控制指令产生和喷射色浆，印花完成，棉织物在60℃下烘干10min，汽蒸条件是105℃下，工作15min，后用冷-热-冷的清洗方式去除织物上的溶剂，最后烘干，定型即得喷印织物。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，其特征在于，所述活性高分子染料墨水以N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖作为高分子染料骨架，与活性染料在水溶液中发生均相接枝反应制备而成，所述活性染料为K型活性染料与F型活性染料的复合，所述N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖与所述活性染料的摩尔比为7～4:1，所述印染工艺包括以下步骤，
1)棉织物活性染料印花前处理：
将针织坯布按顺序进行烧毛、丝光、平幅连续漂白、生物酶抛光、三道丝光处理，制得棉针织品；
2)对棉针织品进行表面处理：
采用浸轧法将棉针织品进入轧槽后经过一浸一轧，轧槽内含表面处理剂混合液，使棉针织品带液率为65～80％，后进行烘干，得待喷墨印花用织物；
3)喷墨印花
用活性高分子染料墨水制备色浆液，后进行喷墨印花，烘干、汽蒸、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗、烘干，定型即得喷印织物；
步骤1)中所述丝光处理的工艺条件：
Figure FDA0002499820780000011
所述生物酶抛光的工艺条件：
Figure FDA0002499820780000012
步骤2)中所述表面处理剂混合液含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure FDA0002499820780000013
Figure FDA0002499820780000021
2.如权利要求1所述的一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，其特征在于，
步骤3)中所述色浆液中含有以下质量分数组分：
Figure FDA0002499820780000022
3.如权利要求1所述的一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，其特征在于，
所述N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖与所述活性染料的摩尔比为5:1。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种活性高分子染料墨水应用于棉织物上的喷墨印花印染工艺，其特征在于，所述K型活性染料与所述F型活性染料的质量比为1～2:6～8。
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