CN113754486A - Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113754486A CN113754486A CN202111020122.3A CN202111020122A CN113754486A CN 113754486 A CN113754486 A CN 113754486A CN 202111020122 A CN202111020122 A CN 202111020122A CN 113754486 A CN113754486 A CN 113754486A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/18—Euphorbiaceae [Spurge family], e.g. ricinus [castorbean]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- C12P13/02—Amides, e.g. chloramphenicol or polyamides; Imides or polyimides; Urethanes, i.e. compounds comprising N-C=O structural element or polyurethanes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of compound fertilizers, wherein borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate and magnesium sulfate are added into inorganic components of the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts, the reasonable proportioning is carried out according to the element requirements in the growth process of the peanuts, the addition of the organic components can provide nutrients for the growth of the peanuts, and the hardened condition of soil after the inorganic fertilizer is excessively used can be improved; the glutamic acid synergist is added into the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts, the polyglutamic acid mainly plays a role in slow release of fertilizer nutrients, and because the polyglutamic acid has super water absorption and retention capacity, a water film formed by the polyglutamic acid can firmly wrap the fertilizer nutrients, so that the release time of the fertilizer is prolonged, and the loss of the fertilizer nutrients is reduced; the polyglutamic acid can promote the assimilation and absorption of nitrogen elements by plants, and simultaneously improves the expression level of related genes such as antioxidant enzyme and the like, thereby improving the stress resistance of the plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of compound fertilizers, and particularly relates to an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for peanuts and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Peanuts are an important raw material for the oil and fat processing industry and the food industry.
Due to the fact that sandy soil has looseness, peanuts can be planted in the sandy soil conveniently for collecting follow-up crops, but water and nutrients are easy to lose, and fertilizer efficiency is reduced, so that the frequency of topdressing needs to be increased generally, cost is greatly increased, and economic benefits are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for peanuts and a preparation method thereof, which reduce the loss of fertilizer nutrients by a glutamic acid synergist so as to solve the problems in the background art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for peanuts comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of organic component, 8 parts of inorganic component, 1 part of polyglutamic acid synergist and 0.2 part of insecticidal composition;
wherein the raw materials of the organic component comprise 30 parts of humus soil, 15 parts of soybean meal and 15 parts of sheep manure; the raw materials of the inorganic component comprise 18 parts of urea, 2.4 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 0.5 part of borax, 0.36 part of zinc sulfate, 0.18 part of copper sulfate, 0.24 part of ferrous sulfate and 0.18 part of magnesium sulfate;
further, the polyglutamic acid synergist is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: activating a bacillus strain, placing the activated strain in a culture medium with 25 times of volume on a shaking table, setting the rotation speed of the shaking table at 180-; absorbing the first-level bacterial liquid into a new culture medium with 25 times of volume, setting the rotating speed of a shaking table at 180-200r/min, and culturing at 30-34 ℃ for 22-25h to obtain a second-level bacterial liquid;
step two: adding culture medium into a fermentation tank, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 35-40min, adding secondary bacteria solution, adjusting pH of the fermentation broth to 7.5 with 40% sodium hydroxide solution, and fermenting at 33-35 deg.C under stirring for 2.5-3.5d to obtain fermentation broth; the dosage ratio of the culture medium to the secondary bacterial liquid is 1L: 25 mL;
the proportion of the culture medium is as follows: glucose: dipotassium hydrogen phosphate: sodium glutamate: magnesium chloride: ammonium chloride: glycerol ═ 1L: 100 g: 10 g: 80 g: 5 g: 3 g: 80 mL;
step three: adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 3 by using concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 70%, sterilizing for 20-30min at the temperature of 121 ℃, adding a potassium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 25% after generating a precipitate, adjusting the pH value to 5-6, adding diatomite to adsorb bacteria, performing vacuum filtration to obtain a clarified liquid, adding a preservative, and stirring and mixing to obtain a polyglutamic acid crude product; the antiseptic is benzalkonium bromide; the dosage ratio of the clear liquid to the preservative is 1L: 1 mL;
step four: adding the polyglutamic acid crude product into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing, precipitating with ethanol, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, freeze-drying into powder, adding microcrystalline cellulose and nano silicon dioxide, stirring, uniformly mixing, spraying an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 65% in one quarter of the volume, and preparing into particles to obtain the polyglutamic acid synergist; the dosage ratio of the polyglutamic acid crude product to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the microcrystalline cellulose to the nano silicon dioxide is 10 mL: 25mL of: 2 g: 0.25 g;
the insecticidal composition is prepared by the following steps:
step S1: pulverizing dried Rabdosia Rubescens (Hemsl.) Hara stem with a pulverizer, soaking in 10 volume times of 75% ethanol solution for 5-8 hr, and filtering to obtain Rabdosia Rubescens (Hemsl.) Hara residue and soaking solution; reflux-extracting the rabdosia rubescens residue with 10 times volume of 95% ethanol solution by mass fraction for 2-3h, mixing the soaking solution and the extracting solution, filtering, concentrating, evaporating to dryness, and freeze-drying to obtain rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder;
step S2: crushing castor seeds by using a crusher, adding 10.5mol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution, stirring and mixing to prepare homogenate, extracting at low temperature to obtain an extracting solution, centrifuging the extracting solution for 15min at 5000r/min, removing the uppermost fat layer of the centrifuged extracting solution, separating a supernatant, adding 50% ammonium sulfate solution, stirring and uniformly mixing, standing for 5-6h, centrifuging for 15min at 5000r/min, taking a precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain castor crude extract powder; the dosage ratio of castor bean and phosphate buffer is 50 g: 500 mL; the dosage ratio of the supernatant to the ammonium sulfate solution is 50 mL: 50-60 mL;
step S3: stirring and mixing rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, castor crude extract powder, thiamethoxam and diatomite to obtain an insecticidal composition; the dosage ratio of the rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, the castor crude extract powder, the semaphorin and the diatomite is 15 g: 2 g: 0.5 g: 500 g;
an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for peanuts comprises the following preparation steps:
stirring and mixing the organic components, adding Bacillus subtilis strain and Bacillus licheniformis strain, stirring and mixing for 20-30min, performing bulk fermentation treatment, fermenting for 14-15d, drying at low temperature, mixing with inorganic components, polyglutamic acid synergist and pesticide composition, stirring and mixing for 35-40 min; extruding the mixed raw materials into sheets by using a rolling granulator, and crushing into irregular particles to obtain the compound fertilizer; the dosage ratio of the organic components to the bacillus subtilis strain to the bacillus licheniformis strain is 1 kg: 300 g: 200 g.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate and magnesium sulfate are added into inorganic components of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for peanuts, the inorganic components are reasonably proportioned according to element requirements in the growth process of the peanuts, and the organic components can provide nutrients for the growth of the peanuts and can improve the hardening condition of soil after the inorganic fertilizer is excessively used.
2. The polyglutamic acid synergist is added into the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts, the promotion effect of the polyglutamic acid on the growth of crops can be divided into three stages, the polyglutamic acid mainly plays a role in slow release of fertilizer nutrients in the first stage, and the water film formed by the polyglutamic acid can firmly wrap the fertilizer nutrients due to the fact that the polyglutamic acid has super water absorption and retention capacity, so that the release time of the fertilizer is prolonged, and the loss of the fertilizer nutrients is reduced. The second stage mainly acts as a plant growth regulator, which passes Ca2+the/CaM signal path promotes the assimilation and absorption of nitrogen elements by plants, and simultaneously improves the expression level of related genes such as antioxidant enzyme and the like, thereby improving the stress resistance of the plants. The third stage polyglutamic acid is degraded into monomer glutamic acid which is directly absorbed and utilized by plants as amino acid.
3. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts is added with the insecticidal composition, the grub is a common pest of peanut crops, wherein ricin and other alkaloids containing proteins are contained in castor crude extract powder, a good killing effect is realized on the grub, clothianidin is a contact-killing drug, a good killing effect is realized on some insects, a certain effect is also realized on the grub, the rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder contains components with an antibacterial effect, a good inhibition effect is realized on some fungi in soil, and the peanut is prevented from being damaged by the fungi to a certain extent.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the polyglutamic acid synergist comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing glucose, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium glutamate, magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride, glycerol and water to prepare a culture medium for later use; the dosage ratio of water, glucose, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium glutamate, magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride and glycerol is 1L: 100 g: 10 g: 80 g: 5 g: 3 g: 80 mL;
activating a bacillus strain, placing the activated bacillus strain in a culture medium with 25 times of volume on a shaking table, setting the rotation speed of the shaking table to be 180r/min, and culturing for 22h at 30 ℃ to obtain a first-level bacterial liquid; sucking the first-stage bacterial liquid into a new culture medium with 25 times of volume, setting the rotating speed of a shaking table to be 180r/min, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 22h to obtain a second-stage bacterial liquid;
step two: adding a culture medium into a fermentation tank, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 35min, adding a secondary bacterial liquid, adjusting the pH of the fermentation liquor to 7.5 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 40%, and stirring and fermenting at 33 ℃ for 2.5d to obtain the fermentation liquor; the dosage ratio of the culture medium to the secondary bacterial liquid is 1L: 25 mL;
step three: adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 3 by using concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 70%, sterilizing for 20min at the temperature of 121 ℃, adding a potassium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 25% after generating a precipitate, adjusting the pH value to 5, adding diatomite to adsorb bacteria, performing vacuum filtration to obtain a clarified liquid, adding benzalkonium bromide serving as a preservative, and stirring and mixing to obtain a polyglutamic acid crude product; the dosage ratio of the clear liquid to the preservative is 1L: 1 mL;
step four: adding the polyglutamic acid crude product into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing, precipitating with ethanol, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, freeze-drying into powder, adding microcrystalline cellulose and nano silicon dioxide, stirring, uniformly mixing, spraying an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 65% in one quarter of the volume, and preparing into particles to obtain the polyglutamic acid synergist; wherein the dosage ratio of the polyglutamic acid crude product to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the microcrystalline cellulose to the nano silicon dioxide is 10 mL: 25mL of: 2 g: 0.25 g.
Example 2
The preparation method of the polyglutamic acid synergist comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing glucose, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium glutamate, magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride, glycerol and water to prepare a culture medium for later use; the proportion of the culture medium is the same as that of the culture medium in the example 1;
activating a bacillus strain, placing the activated strain in a culture medium with 25 times of volume on a shaking table, setting the rotation speed of the shaking table to be 190r/min, and culturing for 24 hours at 32 ℃ to obtain a first-level bacterial liquid; sucking the first-stage bacterial liquid into a new culture medium with 25 times of volume, setting the rotating speed of a shaking table to be 190r/min, and culturing at 302 ℃ for 24h to obtain a second-stage bacterial liquid;
step two: adding a culture medium into a fermentation tank, sterilizing for 38min at 121 ℃, adding a secondary bacterial liquid, adjusting the pH of the fermentation liquid to 7.5 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 40%, and stirring and fermenting for 3d at 34 ℃ to obtain the fermentation liquid; the dosage ratio of the culture medium to the secondary bacterial liquid is 1L: 25 mL;
step three: adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 3 by using concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 70%, sterilizing for 25min at the temperature of 121 ℃, adding a potassium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 25% after generating a precipitate, adjusting the pH value to 6, adding diatomite to adsorb bacteria, performing vacuum filtration to obtain a clarified liquid, adding benzalkonium bromide serving as a preservative, and stirring and mixing to obtain a polyglutamic acid crude product; the dosage ratio of the clear liquid to the preservative is 1L: 1 mL;
step four: adding the polyglutamic acid crude product into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing, precipitating with ethanol, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, freeze-drying into powder, adding microcrystalline cellulose and nano silicon dioxide, stirring, uniformly mixing, spraying an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 65% in one quarter of the volume, and preparing into particles to obtain the polyglutamic acid synergist; wherein the dosage ratio of the polyglutamic acid crude product to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the microcrystalline cellulose to the nano silicon dioxide is 10 mL: 25mL of: 2 g: 0.25 g.
Example 3
The preparation method of the polyglutamic acid synergist comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing glucose, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium glutamate, magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride, glycerol and water to prepare a culture medium for later use; the proportion of the culture medium is the same as that of the culture medium in the example 1;
activating a bacillus strain, placing the activated strain in a 25-time volume culture medium on a shaking table, setting the rotation speed of the shaking table to be 200r/min, and culturing for 25h at 34 ℃ to obtain a first-level bacterial liquid; sucking the first-stage bacterial liquid into a new culture medium with 25 times of volume, setting the rotating speed of a shaking table to be 200r/min, and culturing at 34 ℃ for 25h to obtain a second-stage bacterial liquid;
step two: adding culture medium into a fermentation tank, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 35-40min, adding secondary bacteria solution, adjusting pH of the fermentation broth to 7.5 with 40% sodium hydroxide solution, and fermenting at 35 deg.C for 3.5d under stirring to obtain fermentation broth; the dosage ratio of the culture medium to the secondary bacterial liquid is 1L: 25 mL;
step three: adjusting the pH value of the fermentation liquor to 3 by using concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 70%, sterilizing for 30min at the temperature of 121 ℃, adding a potassium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 25% after generating a precipitate, adjusting the pH value to 6, adding diatomite to adsorb bacteria, performing vacuum filtration to obtain a clarified liquid, adding benzalkonium bromide serving as a preservative, and stirring and mixing to obtain a polyglutamic acid crude product; the dosage ratio of the clear liquid to the preservative is 1L: 1 mL;
step four: adding the polyglutamic acid crude product into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing, precipitating with ethanol, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, freeze-drying into powder, adding microcrystalline cellulose and nano silicon dioxide, stirring, uniformly mixing, spraying an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 65% in one quarter of the volume, and preparing into particles to obtain the polyglutamic acid synergist; wherein the dosage ratio of the polyglutamic acid crude product to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the microcrystalline cellulose to the nano silicon dioxide is 10 mL: 25mL of: 2 g: 0.25 g.
Example 4
Preparing an insecticidal composition comprising the steps of:
step S1: crushing stems of the dried rabdosia rubescens by using a crusher, soaking the crushed stems in 10 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% for 5 hours, and filtering the solution to obtain rabdosia rubescens residues and a soaking solution; reflux-extracting the rabdosia rubescens residue with 10 times volume of 95% ethanol solution by mass percent for 2 hours, combining the soaking solution and the extracting solution, filtering, concentrating, evaporating to dryness, and freeze-drying to obtain rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder;
step S2: crushing castor seeds by using a crusher, adding 10.5mol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution, stirring and mixing to prepare homogenate, extracting at low temperature to obtain an extracting solution, centrifuging the extracting solution for 15min at 5000r/min, removing the uppermost fat layer of the centrifuged extracting solution, separating a supernatant, adding an ammonium sulfate solution with the mass fraction of 50%, stirring and uniformly mixing, standing for 5h, centrifuging for 15min at 5000r/min, taking a precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain castor crude extract powder; the dosage ratio of castor bean and phosphate buffer is 50 g: 500 mL; the dosage ratio of the supernatant to the ammonium sulfate solution is 50 mL: 50 mL;
step S3: stirring and mixing rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, castor crude extract powder, thiamethoxam and diatomite to obtain an insecticidal composition; the dosage ratio of the rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, the castor crude extract powder, the semaphorin and the diatomite is 15 g: 2 g: 0.5 g: 500 g.
Example 5
Preparing an insecticidal composition comprising the steps of:
step S1: crushing stems of the dried rabdosia rubescens by using a crusher, soaking the crushed stems in 10 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% for 6 hours, and filtering the solution to obtain rabdosia rubescens residues and a soaking solution; reflux-extracting the rabdosia rubescens residue with 10 times volume of 95% ethanol solution by mass percent for 2.5h, combining the soaking solution and the extracting solution, filtering, concentrating, evaporating to dryness, and freeze-drying to obtain rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder;
step S2: crushing castor seeds by using a crusher, adding 10.5mol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution, stirring and mixing to prepare homogenate, extracting at low temperature to obtain an extracting solution, centrifuging the extracting solution for 15min at 5000r/min, removing the uppermost fat layer of the centrifuged extracting solution, separating a supernatant, adding 50% ammonium sulfate solution, stirring and uniformly mixing, standing for 5.5h, centrifuging for 15min at 5000r/min, taking a precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain castor crude extract powder; the dosage ratio of castor bean and phosphate buffer is 50 g: 500 mL; the dosage ratio of the supernatant to the ammonium sulfate solution is 50 mL: 55 mL;
step S3: stirring and mixing rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, castor crude extract powder, thiamethoxam and diatomite to obtain an insecticidal composition; the dosage ratio of rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, castor crude extract powder, secamitrae and diatomaceous earth was the same as in example 4.
Example 6
Preparing an insecticidal composition comprising the steps of:
step S1: crushing stems of the dried rabdosia rubescens by using a crusher, soaking the crushed stems in 10 times of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% for 8 hours, and filtering the solution to obtain rabdosia rubescens residues and a soaking solution; reflux-extracting the rabdosia rubescens residue with 10 times volume of 95% ethanol solution by mass percent for 3 hours, combining the soaking solution and the extracting solution, filtering, concentrating, evaporating to dryness, and freeze-drying to obtain rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder;
step S2: crushing castor seeds by using a crusher, adding 10.5mol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution, stirring and mixing to prepare homogenate, extracting at low temperature to obtain an extracting solution, centrifuging the extracting solution for 15min at 5000r/min, removing the uppermost fat layer of the centrifuged extracting solution, separating a supernatant, adding 50% ammonium sulfate solution, stirring and uniformly mixing, standing for 6h, centrifuging for 15min at 5000r/min, taking a precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain castor crude extract powder; the dosage ratio of castor bean and phosphate buffer is 50 g: 500 mL; the dosage ratio of the supernatant to the ammonium sulfate solution is 50 mL: 60 mL;
step S3: stirring and mixing rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, castor crude extract powder, thiamethoxam and diatomite to obtain an insecticidal composition; the dosage ratio of rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, castor crude extract powder, secamitrae and diatomaceous earth was the same as in example 4.
Example 10
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for peanuts comprises the following preparation steps:
stirring and mixing the organic components, adding Bacillus subtilis strain and Bacillus licheniformis strain, stirring and mixing for 20min, performing stacking fermentation treatment, fermenting for 14d, drying at low temperature, mixing with inorganic components, polyglutamic acid synergist and pesticide composition, stirring and mixing for 35 min; extruding the mixed raw materials into sheets by using a rolling granulator, and crushing into irregular particles to obtain the compound fertilizer; the dosage ratio of the organic components to the bacillus subtilis strain to the bacillus licheniformis strain is 1 kg: 300 g: 200 g.
Example 11
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for peanuts comprises the following preparation steps:
stirring and mixing the organic components, adding Bacillus subtilis strain and Bacillus licheniformis strain, stirring and mixing for 25min, performing stacking fermentation treatment, fermenting for 14.5d, drying at low temperature, mixing with inorganic components, polyglutamic acid synergist and pesticide composition, stirring and mixing for 38 min; extruding the mixed raw materials into sheets by using a rolling granulator, and crushing into irregular particles to obtain the compound fertilizer; the dosage ratio of the organic components to the bacillus subtilis strain to the bacillus licheniformis strain is 1 kg: 300 g: 200 g.
Example 12
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for peanuts comprises the following preparation steps:
stirring and mixing the organic components, adding Bacillus subtilis strain and Bacillus licheniformis strain, stirring and mixing for 30min, performing stacking fermentation treatment, fermenting for 15d, drying at low temperature, mixing with inorganic components, polyglutamic acid synergist and pesticide composition, stirring and mixing for 40 min; extruding the mixed raw materials into sheets by using a rolling granulator, and crushing into irregular particles to obtain the compound fertilizer; the dosage ratio of the organic components to the bacillus subtilis strain to the bacillus licheniformis strain is 1 kg: 300 g: 200 g.
Comparative example 1: the polyglutamic acid synergist is not added on the basis of the example 12, and the rest raw materials and the preparation method are the same.
Comparative example 2: on the basis of example 12, no insecticidal composition was added, and the remaining raw materials and preparation method were the same.
Testing the performances of the examples 10-12 and the comparative examples 1-2, respectively taking 500g of the fertilizers prepared in the examples 10-12 and the comparative examples 1-2, respectively, and respectively wrapping the fertilizers with water-permeable meshes, taking 5 plastic barrels with the diameters of 60cm and the heights of 80cm, respectively filling the 5 plastic barrels with sand, respectively burying the fertilizer-wrapped water-permeable meshes in the sand at the height of 50cm, pouring 500mL of water every 3 hours for 3 times, taking out the water-permeable meshes at the 9 th hour, and weighing; the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Item | Example 10 | Example 11 | Example 12 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| Weight/g | 455 | 450 | 452 | 298 | 323 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the polyglutamic acid synergist is added into the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts, so that the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts has good effects of absorbing water and preventing the compound fertilizer from rapidly running off.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5 parts of organic component, 8 parts of inorganic component, 1 part of polyglutamic acid synergist and 0.2 part of insecticidal composition; wherein, the polyglutamic acid synergist is prepared by the following steps:
adding the polyglutamic acid crude product into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing, precipitating with ethanol, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, freeze-drying to obtain powder, adding microcrystalline cellulose and nano silicon dioxide, stirring, spraying ethanol solution, and making into granule.
2. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the polyglutamic acid crude product, absolute ethyl alcohol, microcrystalline cellulose and nano silicon dioxide is 10 mL: 25mL of: 2 g: 0.25 g.
3. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the organic components comprise humus, soybean meal and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 2:1: 1.
4. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inorganic component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 portions of urea, 2.4 portions of phosphorus pentoxide, 6 portions of potassium chloride, 0.5 portion of borax, 0.36 portion of zinc sulfate, 0.18 portion of copper sulfate, 0.24 portion of ferrous sulfate and 0.18 portion of magnesium sulfate.
5. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crude glutamic acid is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: activating a bacillus strain, putting the activated bacillus strain into a culture medium, and culturing for 22-25h at the temperature of 30-34 ℃ to obtain a first-level bacterial liquid; absorbing the first-level bacterial liquid to a new culture medium for culture to obtain a second-level bacterial liquid;
step two: adding culture medium into a fermentation tank, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 35-40min, adding secondary bacteria solution, adjusting pH to 7.5 with sodium hydroxide solution, and fermenting at 33-35 deg.C for 2.5-3.5d to obtain fermentation broth;
step three: adjusting pH of the fermentation liquor to 3 with concentrated sulfuric acid, precipitating, adding potassium hydroxide solution to adjust pH to 5-6, adding diatomaceous earth to adsorb thallus, vacuum filtering the residual liquid to obtain clarified liquid, and adding antiseptic to obtain polyglutamic acid crude product.
6. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mixture ratio of the culture medium in the first step and the second step is water: glucose: dipotassium hydrogen phosphate: sodium glutamate: magnesium chloride: ammonium chloride: glycerol ═ 1L: 100 g: 10 g: 80 g: 5 g: 3 g: 80 mL.
7. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preservative is benzalkonium bromide; the dosage ratio of the clear liquid to the preservative is 1L: 1 mL.
8. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insecticidal composition is prepared by the following steps:
step S1: pulverizing dried Rabdosia Rubescens (Hemsl.) Hara stem, soaking in 75% ethanol solution for 5-8 hr, and filtering to obtain Rabdosia Rubescens (Hemsl.) Hara residue and soaking solution; reflux-extracting the rabdosia rubescens residue with 95% ethanol solution for 2-3h, mixing the soaking solution and the extracting solution, filtering, concentrating, evaporating to dryness and freeze-drying to obtain rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder;
step S2: pulverizing castor seeds, adding phosphate buffer solution, stirring, extracting at low temperature to obtain extractive solution, centrifuging the extractive solution, removing uppermost fat layer, separating supernatant, mixing with ammonium sulfate solution, standing for 5-6 hr, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, and lyophilizing to obtain castor crude extract powder;
step S3: stirring and mixing the rabdosia rubescens crude extract powder, the castor crude extract powder, the semaphorin and the diatomite to obtain the insecticidal composition.
9. The preparation method of the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
adding Bacillus subtilis strain and Bacillus licheniformis strain into organic component, stirring and mixing for 20-30min, performing stacking fermentation for 14-15d, drying at low temperature, mixing with inorganic component, polyglutamic acid synergist and pesticide composition, and stirring for 35-40 min; extruded and broken into granules.
10. The preparation method of the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for peanuts according to claim 9, wherein the use ratio of the organic components to the bacillus subtilis strain to the bacillus licheniformis strain is 1 kg: 300 g: 200 g.
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| CN115197030A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-18 | 上海农乐生物制品股份有限公司 | Application and method of protein mulberry in preparation of bio-organic fertilizer |
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