CN113735756B - 铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法 - Google Patents

铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法 Download PDF

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CN113735756B
CN113735756B CN202010473407.1A CN202010473407A CN113735756B CN 113735756 B CN113735756 B CN 113735756B CN 202010473407 A CN202010473407 A CN 202010473407A CN 113735756 B CN113735756 B CN 113735756B
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郑光范
孙佳琼
田荣
李兴伟
哈迪
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Shaanxi Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种手性3,3‑二取代异吲哚啉酮类骨架的合成方法,该方法采用易于制备的手性茂基铑催化剂为催化剂,实现了N‑甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物与1,3‑烯炔类化合物的C‑H键活化、烯炔迁移插入、1,4‑铑迁移、亲核环化等串联反应,温和条件下即可高收率、高对映选择性构建3,3‑二取代手性异吲哚啉酮类骨架化合物。本发明操作简单,催化剂用量低,反应条件温和,底物适用范围广,克服了传统的合成该类化合物需分多步进行,起始原料制备困难,底物适用范围受限等不足,具有很好的发展前景。

Description

铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的合成方法。
背景技术
3,3-二取代手性异吲哚啉酮类骨架在医药、生物以及合成化学等领域得到广泛的应用,探索合成吲哚骨架的有效方法已经成为一个很重要的研究领域。3,3-二取代手性异吲哚啉酮类化合物因其独特的生物和药物活性,受到了有机合成工作者的广泛关注。在现有的文献中主要是通过异吲哚啉酮3-位对映选择性官能化实现双取代手性异吲哚啉酮骨架的构建,但是这种策略不可避免的导致底物合成困难,原子和步骤经济性低、产物的多样性和复杂性难以满足等缺点。发展新的合成方法,从简单易得的底物出发,高效高选择性实现手性异吲哚啉酮类化合物的构建值得期待。
过渡金属催化的C-H键直接官能化反应无需底物的预活化过程实现目标产物的构建,近年来成为有机合成的热点和难点领域。炔烃作为常见的偶联组分通常作为二碳合成子参与环化,合成重要的五元或六元化合物。但是炔烃作为一碳合成子实现的转化非常罕见。2014年Lam课题组首次以烯炔类化合物为一碳合成子实现了[5+1]环化反应构建了含季碳中心的内酯类化合物(Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,2014,53,9931)。2019年我们课题组以N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺为芳烃底物,铑催化下实现了与烯炔类化合物的[4+1]环化反应构建了异吲哚酮衍生物(Org.Lett.2019,21,1789)。但是烯炔参与的对映选择性[4+1]环化反应尚未实现。我们通过商业易得的手性茂基配体制备手性铑催化剂(Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2019,58,8902;Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2020,59,2890.),将C-H键活化和对映选择性烯丙基取代反应相结合,从简单易得的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺和烯炔类底物出发,通过对映选择性[4+1]环化反应实现了3,3-二取代手性异吲哚啉酮类骨架的一步构建。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种以易于制备的手性茂基铑为催化剂、以二氟化银为氧化剂、易制备稳定的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺和1,3-烯炔为原料,在温和条件下高收率、高选择性构建3,3-二取代手性异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法。
解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是:将式I或I′所示的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物和式II所示的1,3-烯炔类化合物、手性茂基铑催化剂、氧化剂、羧酸添加剂加入醇类溶剂中,在5~15℃下反应60~80小时,分离纯化产物,得到式III或III′所示的手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物。
式中R1代表H、C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷氧基、苄氧基、苯氧基、苯基、卤素、硝基、三氟甲基、乙酰基、甲氧羰基中任意一种,R2代表C1~C2烷基,R3代表C3~C6环烷基、C3~C5烷基、苯乙基中任意一种,Ar代表苯基或噻吩基。
上述的手性茂基铑催化剂的结构式如下所示:
式中R代表甲氧基或异丙氧基,X代表Cl或I。
上述的氧化剂为二氟化银、醋酸铜、氧化铜、氧化银、氟化银中任意一种,优选二氟化银。
上述的羧酸添加剂为乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、特戊酸、苯甲酸、均三甲基苯甲酸中任意一种,优选乙酸。
上述方法中,优选N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物、1,3-烯炔类化合物的摩尔比为1:1.3~2.0,优选手性茂基铑催化剂的加入量为N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物摩尔量的3%~5%,优选氧化剂的加入量为N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物摩尔量的2~3倍,优选羧酸添加剂的加入量为N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物摩尔量的1.5~2.5倍。
上述醇类溶剂优选3-戊醇、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇中任意一种。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明采用易于制备的手性茂基铑作催化剂、二氟化银等作为氧化剂,以简单易得、相对稳定的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物和1,3-烯炔类化合物为原料,在酸促温和条件下高收率、高选择性的构建手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类骨架化合物。本发明操作简单,原料稳定且易于制备,反应条件温和,底物适用范围宽泛且产物收率和对映选择性高(高达91%收率,95%ee),克服了传统方法原子和步骤经济性差,原料制备复杂、稳定性差,反应条件苛刻等缺陷,具有很好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于这些实施例。
下面实施例中的手性茂基铑催化剂A和B的结构式为:
实施例1
向试管中加入15.1mg(0.1mmol)N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺、5.0mg(0.004mmol)手性茂基铑催化剂A、35.0mg(0.24mmol)二氟化银,冷却至-15℃,加入2mL3-戊醇、18.0mg(0.15mmol)(4-甲基戊-3-烯-1-炔基)环丙烷,并加入200μL1.0mol/L乙酸的3-戊醇溶液,在10℃下搅拌反应72小时,反应结束后,加入1.0mL乙二胺淬灭,旋干得到粗产物,粗产物用硅胶快速过柱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1~5:1)得到结构式如下的黄色油状液体18.8mg,其收率为70%,HPLC分析得其ee值为90%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.84(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.53(td,J=7.8,1.2Hz,1H),7.46(td,J=7.2,0.6Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.70(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.05(s,1H),5.04(s,1H),4.05(s,3H),1.82(s,3H),1.59–1.54(m,1H),0.74–0.69(m,1H),0.62–0.57(m,1H),0.51–0.46(m,1H),-0.01–-0.06(m,1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.2,143.6,141.0,135.6,131.7,129.7,128.6,127.0,123.8,123.1,118.3,70.1,65.0,18.5,15.9,2.4,0.5;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C17H19NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值292.1308,实测值292.1304;[α]D 20=+33.2(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例2
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-甲基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体24.5mg,其收率为86%,HPLC分析得其ee值为95%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.72(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.26(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.02(s,1H),6.62(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.69(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.06(s,1H),5.05(s,1H),4.03(s,3H),2.44(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.57–1.53(m,1H),0.73–0.68(m,1H),0.60–0.56(m,1H),0.49–0.45(m,1H),-0.02–-0.05(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.6,144.0,142.5,141.1,135.5,129.6,127.4,127.0,123.64,123.59,118.1;[α]D 20=+52.8(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例3
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-叔丁基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体28.4mg,其收率为87%,HPLC分析得其ee值为95%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.76(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.49(dd,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.20(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),6.63(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.71(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.06(s,1H),5.05(s,1H),4.03(s,3H),1.84(s,3H),1.60–1.56(m,1H),1.34(s,9H),0.73–0.68(m,1H),0.57–0.53(m,1H),0.49–0.44(m,1H),-0.05–-0.09(m,1H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.6,155.8,143.5,141.1,135.5,127.4,127.0,125.9,123.4,119.9,118.1,70.2,65.0,35.3,31.3,18.5,15.8,2.4,0.4;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C21H27NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值348.1934,实测值348.1935;[α]D 20=-8.4(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例4
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-甲氧基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体22.8mg,其收率为76%,HPLC分析得其ee值为95%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.77(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.4,1.8Hz,1H),6.71(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.69(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.06(s,1H),5.05(s,1H),4.02(s,3H),3.86(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.57–1.53(m,1H),0.72–0.68(m,1H),0.61–0.57(m,1H),0.51–0.46(m,1H),0.03–-0.02(m,1H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.8,162.8,146.0,141.0,135.6,127.2,125.4,121.9,118.2,114.3,108.9,69.9,65.1,55.7,18.5,16.0,2.2,0.5;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C18H21NNaO3,([M+Na]+),理论值322.1414,实测值322.1412;[α]D 20=+8.2(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例5
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-苄氧基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体29.9mg,其收率为80%,HPLC分析得其ee值为92%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.76(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.42(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.38(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.34–7.32(m,1H),7.04(dd,J=8.4,2.4Hz,1H),6.78(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),6.57(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.67(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.10(s,2H),5.04(s,1H),5.02(s,1H),4.01(s,3H),1.81(s,3H),1.55–1.50(m,1H),0.70–0.65(m,1H),0.56–0.52(m,1H),0.48–0.44(m,1H),0.01–-0.04(m,1H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.6,161.8,145.9,140.9,136.0,135.5,128.6,128.2,127.5,127.1,125.3,122.1,118.2,115.2,109.8,70.4,69.8,65.0,18.4,15.9,2.2,0.5;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C24H25NNaO3,([M+Na]+),理论值398.1727,实测值398.1710;[α]D 20=+16.4(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例6
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-苯氧基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的黄色油状液体29.5mg,其收率为82%,HPLC分析得其ee值为91%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.70(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.33–7.29(m,2H),7.11(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.97–6.95(m,2H),6.93(dd,J=8.4,2.4Hz,1H),6.80(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),6.49(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.61(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),4.97(s,1H),4.95(s,1H),3.96(s,3H),1.74(s,3H),1.47–1.43(m,1H),0.64–0.59(m,1H),0.50–0.45(m,1H),0.44–0.39(m,1H),-0.03–-0.08(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.1,160.9,155.9,146.0,140.9,135.7,130.0,126.6,125.5,124.3,123.9,119.5,118.4,118.3,113.0,69.8,65.1,18.5,16.0,2.2,0.5;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C23H23NNaO3,([M+Na]+),理论值384.1570,实测值384.1555;[α]D 20=+10.3(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例7
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-苯基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体27.0mg,其收率为78%,HPLC分析得其ee值为95%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.90(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.68(dd,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.60–7.58(m,2H),7.48(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.42–7.39(m,2H),6.67(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.74(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.06(bs,2H),4.07(s,3H),1.84(s,3H),1.63–1.59(m,1H),0.78–0.73(m,1H),0.67–0.62(m,1H),0.54–0.50(m,1H),0.06–0.02(m,1H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.2,145.1,144.4,141.0,140.2,135.8,129.0,128.5,128.2,127.8,127.4,127.04 124.2,121.8,118.4,70.2,65.1,18.5,16.0,2.5,0.6;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C23H23NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值368.1621,实测值368.1622;[α]D 20=-8.9(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例8
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-氟苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体26.1mg,其收率为91%,HPLC分析得其ee值为90%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.83(dd,J=8.4,4.8Hz,1H),7.16(td,J=8.4,2.4Hz,1H),6.96(dd,J=7.8,2.4Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.67(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.08(s,1H),5.05(s,1H),4.04(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.55–1.50(m,1H),0.75–0.71(m,1H),0.61–0.57(m,1H),0.55–0.51(m,1H),0.07–0.03(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ165.1(J=251.1Hz),163.5,146.5(J=8.9Hz),140.8,136.1,126.1,126.0(J=9.5Hz),125.6(J=2.3Hz),118.7,116.3(J=23.1Hz),110.7(J=24.0Hz),69.8,65.1,18.4,16.1,2.2,0.6;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C17H18FNNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值310.1214,实测值310.1213;[α]D 20=+19.6(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例9
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-氯苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的黄色固体27.1mg,其收率为89%,HPLC分析得其ee值为88%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.77(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.44(dd,J=8.4,1.8Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.65(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.08(s,1H),5.06(s,1H),4.04(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.54–1.50(m,1H),0.76–0.71(m,1H),0.61–0.57(m,1H),0.56–0.51(m,1H),0.08–0.03(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ163.3,145.6,140.8,138.2,136.2,129.2,128.0,125.9,125.1,123.5,118.8,69.9,65.1,18.5,16.0,2.3,0.7;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C17H18ClNNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值326.0918,实测值326.0917;[α]D 20=-18.1(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例10
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-溴苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的黄色固体29.3mg,其收率为84%,HPLC分析得其ee值为90%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.71(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.60(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.41(s,1H),6.59(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.64(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.08(s,1H),5.07(s,1H),4.04(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.54–1.49(m,1H),0.76–0.71(m,1H),0.61–0.56(m,1H),0.55–0.51(m,1H),0.08–0.04(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ163.4,145.8,140.8,136.2,132.1,128.5,126.5,126.4,125.9,125.3,118.8,69.9,65.1,18.5,16.0,2.3,0.7;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C17H18BrNNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值370.0413,实测值370.0413;[α]D 20=-5.4(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例11
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-甲氧羰基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体21.2mg,其收率为65%,HPLC分析得其ee值为90%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.15(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.92(s,1H),7.91(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.67(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.08(s,1H),5.06(s,1H),4.06(s,3H),3.96(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.58–1.53(m,1H),0.77–0.72(m,1H),0.64–0.60(m,1H),0.56–0.51(m,1H),0.05–0.02(m,1H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.2,162.9,143.9,140.8,136.2,133.7,133.3,130.0,125.9,124.2,123.8,118.8,70.3,65.1,52.5,18.5,16.0,2.4,0.7;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C19H21NNaO4,([M+Na]+),理论值350.1363,实测值350.1363;[α]D 20=-6.4(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例12
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-乙酰基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体17.5mg,其收率为56%,HPLC分析得其ee值为92%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.04(dd,J=7.8,1.2Hz,1H),7.94(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.86(s,1H),6.61(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.67(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.08(s,1H),5.06(s,1H),4.07(s,3H),2.66(s,3H),1.82(s,3H),1.58–1.53(m,1H),0.77–0.73(m,1H),0.63–0.59(m,1H),0.56–0.52(m,1H),0.06–0.02(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ197.2,162.8,144.2,140.7,139.7,136.3,133.6,129.1,125.8,124.0,122.5,118.8,70.3,65.0,26.9,18.4,16.0,2.4,0.7;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C19H21NNaO3,([M+Na]+),理论值334.1414,实测值334.1415;[α]D 20=-44.2(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例13
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-4-硝基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的黄色固体25.7mg,其收率为82%,HPLC分析得其ee值为77%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.36(dd,J=8.4,1.8Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.02(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.60(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.65(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.11(s,1H),5.08(s,1H),4.08(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.57–1.52(m,1H),0.81–0.76(m,1H),0.65–0.59(m,2H),0.17–0.13(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.5,150.2,145.4,140.4,137.0,135.1,125.0,124.4,124.2,119.5,118.5,70.3,65.2,18.4,16.2,2.4,0.9;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C17H18N2NaO4,([M+Na]+),理论值337.1159,实测值337.1158;[α]D 20=-20.1(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例14
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-3-甲基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体22.0mg,其收率为78%,HPLC分析得其ee值为81%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.65(s,1H),7.33(dd,J=7.8,1.2Hz,1H),7.12(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.60(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.69(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.04(s,1H),5.03(s,1H),4.04(s,3H),2.42(s,3H),1.82(s,3H),1.58–1.53(m,1H),0.73–0.68(m,1H),0.60–0.56(m,1H),0.48–0.43(m,1H),-0.06–-0.09(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.5,141.0,140.7,138.8,135.4,132.6,129.7,127.5,124.0,123.0,118.1,70.0,65.0,21.3,18.5,15.8,2.5,0.4;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C18H21NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值306.1465,实测值306.1464;[α]D 20=-3.6(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例15
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-3-溴苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的黄色固体24.9mg,其收率为72%,HPLC分析得其ee值为94%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.96(s,1H),7.64(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.56(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.64(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.05(s,1H),5.03(s,1H),4.03(s,3H),1.80(s,3H),1.54–1.49(m,1H),0.74–0.70(m,1H),0.58–0.53(m,1H),0.52–0.47(m,1H),0.01–-0.03(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ162.6,142.4,140.7,136.0,134.7,131.6,126.9,126.1,124.8,122.8,118.7,70.1,65.1,18.4,15.9,2.4,0.6;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C17H18BrNNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值370.0413,实测值370.0410;[α]D 20=+28.4(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例16
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-3-三氟甲基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的黄色油状液体17.2mg,其收率为51%,HPLC分析得其ee值为90%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.12(s,1H),7.80(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.59(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.67(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.09(s,1H),5.06(s,1H),4.07(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),1.57–1.52(m,1H),0.78–0.73(m,1H),0.63–0.59(m,1H),0.58–0.54(m,1H),0.10–0.06(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ162.5,147.4,140.6,136.4,131.3(q,J=33.0Hz),130.5,128.6(q,J=3.3Hz),125.4,123.7,123.6(q,J=271.1Hz),121.1(q,J=3.9Hz),119.0,70.2,65.1,18.4,16.1,2.3,0.7;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C18H18F3NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值360.1182,实测值360.1178;[α]D 20=+19.2(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例17
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-2-甲基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,用等体积乙醇替代实施例1中的3-戊醇,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体19.2mg,其收率为68%,HPLC分析得其ee值为96%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.38(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.05(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.59(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.69(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.04(s,1H),5.03(s,1H),4.03(s,3H),2.71(s,3H),1.82(s,3H),1.56–1.51(m,1H),0.71–0.66(m,1H),0.60–0.56(m,1H),0.49–0.45(m,1H),-0.01–-0.04(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ165.7,144.3,141.1,137.9,135.4,131.2,130.6,127.5,126.5,120.6,118.0,69.2,64.9,18.5,17.3,16.0,2.2,0.5;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C18H21NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值306.1465,实测值360.1464;[α]D 20=+62.7(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例18
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-2-氟苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,用等体积乙醇替代实施例1中的3-戊醇,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体15.9mg,其收率为55%,HPLC分析得其ee值为90%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.54–7.50(m,1H),7.10(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.06(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.67(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.07(s,1H),5.04(s,1H),4.04(s,3H),1.82(s,3H),1.56–1.51(m,1H),0.74–0.70(m,1H),0.61–0.57(m,1H),0.55–0.50(m,1H),0.08–0.04(m,1H).13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.5,158.7(J=259.8Hz),146.4,140.8,136.0,133.6(J=7.5Hz),126.2,119.2(J=4.1Hz),118.6,116.8(J=12.8Hz),116.0(J=19.2Hz),69.8,65.0,18.4,16.1,2.1,0.6;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C17H18FNNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值310.1214,实测值310.1211;[α]D 20=+26.7(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例19
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-1-萘酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,用等体积乙醇替代实施例1中的3-戊醇,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体16.8mg,其收率为53%,HPLC分析得其ee值为95%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.20(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.70(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.61(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.37(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.67(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.77(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.07(s,1H),5.06(s,1H),4.12(s,3H),1.85(s,3H),1.64–1.59(m,1H),0.76–0.71(m,1H),0.69–0.64(m,1H),0.58–0.54(m,1H),0.15–0.10(m,1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.2,144.3,141.0,136.0,133.1,132.6,129.2,128.19,128.15,127.0,126.9,124.2,123.6,120.2,118.3,69.6,65.1,18.5,16.1,2.3,0.7;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):Calcd for C21H21NNaO2,([M+Na]+),342.1465,found 342.1463;[α]D 20=+93.0(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例20
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-甲氧基-7-苯并噻吩甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体26.1mg,其收率为80%,HPLC分析得其ee值为96%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.16(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),7.22(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.63(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.74(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.05(s,1H),5.03(s,1H),4.08(s,3H),1.82(s,3H),1.62–1.57(m,1H),0.75–0.70(m,1H),0.66–0.62(m,1H),0.53–0.49(m,1H),0.06–0.02(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.8,141.4,141.0,140.9,135.7,135.2,130.2,127.3,125.8,123.4,121.6,118.6,118.2,70.2,65.1,18.5,16.1,2.4,0.6;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C19H19NNaO2S,([M+Na]+),理论值348.1029,实测值348.1029;[α]D 20=+19.0(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例21
本实施例中,用等摩尔N-乙氧基苯甲酰胺替换实施例1中的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到结构式如下的白色固体21.2mg,其收率为75%,HPLC分析得其ee值为86%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.84(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.52(td,J=7.8,0.6Hz,1H),7.45(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.24(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.63(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.70(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.05(s,1H),5.04(s,1H),4.32–4.25(m,2H),1.82(s,3H),1.60–1.55(m,1H),1.37(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),0.73–0.69(m,1H),0.61–0.56(m,1H),0.49–0.44(m,1H),-0.05–-0.09(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ164.5,143.5,141.0,135.5,131.6,129.8,128.5,127.3,123.7,123.2,118.1,73.0,70.0,18.5,15.8,13.9,2.3,0.3;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C18H21NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值306.1465,实测值306.1464;[α]D 20=+32.7(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例22
本实施例中,用等摩尔2-甲基辛-2-烯-4-炔替换实施例19中的(4-甲基戊-3-烯-1-炔基)环丙烷,其他步骤与实施例19相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体21.1mg,其收率为66%,HPLC分析得其ee值为84%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.16(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.68(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.58(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.32(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.47(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.73(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.04(s,1H),5.03(s,1H),4.04(s,3H),2.34–2.29(m,1H),2.15–2.10(m,1H),1.82(s,3H),1.17–1.11(m,1H),0.82(t,J=7.8Hz,3H),0.64–0.58(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.8,145.7,141.1,134.4,133.3,133.1,129.5,129.2,128.2,126.8,124.1,123.5,119.1,118.1,69.0,65.0,36.0,18.5,16.4,13.9;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C21H23NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值344.1621,实测值344.1618;[α]D 20=+31.1(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例23
本实施例中,用等摩尔2-甲基癸-2-烯-4-炔替换实施例19中的(4-甲基戊-3-烯-1-炔基)环丙烷,其他步骤与实施例19相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体20.5mg,其收率为59%,HPLC分析得其ee值为85%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.17(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.68(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.58(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.31(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.45(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.72(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.04(s,1H),5.02(s,1H),4.04(s,3H),2.34–2.29(m,1H),2.17–2.12(m,1H),1.81(s,3H),1.22–1.10(m,5H),0.76(t,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.58–0.56(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.7,145.7,141.1,134.4,133.3,133.1,129.6,129.2,128.22,128.20,126.8,124.2,123.6,119.1,118.0,69.0,65.0,33.8,31.7,22.5,22.3,18.5,13.9;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C23H27NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值372.1934,实测值372.1931;[α]D 20=+78.0(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例24
本实施例中,用等摩尔2,7-二甲基辛-2-烯-4-炔替换实施例19中的(4-甲基戊-3-烯-1-炔基)环丙烷,其他步骤与实施例19相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体17.2mg,其收率为51%,HPLC分析得其ee值为80%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.18(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.02(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.68(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.58(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.69(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.03(s,1H),5.01(s,1H),4.06(s,3H),2.34(dd,J=14.4,4.2Hz,1H),2.08(dd,J=14.4,6.6Hz,1H),1.81(s,3H),1.30–1.26(m,1H),0.88(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.39(d,J=6.6Hz,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.4,145.7,141.0,134.1,133.1,132.9,130.1,129.3,128.23,128.19,126.8,124.2,123.5,120.0,118.1,68.7,65.0,42.2,24.3,24.1,23.5,18.5;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C22H25NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值358.1778,实测值358.1773;[α]D 20=+19.2(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例25
本实施例中,用等摩尔(6-甲基庚-5-烯-3-炔-1-基)苯替换实施例19中的(4-甲基戊-3-烯-1-炔基)环丙烷,其他步骤与实施例19相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体26.4mg,其收率为69%,HPLC分析得其ee值为84%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.19(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.07(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.70(t,J=7.8Hz 1H),7.60(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.20(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.13(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.04–7.02(m,2H),6.48(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),5.74(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.04(s,1H),5.00(s,1H),4.11(s,3H),2.72–2.64(m,1H),2.48–2.43(m,2H),1.87–1.81(m,1H),1.81(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.9,145.3,141.2,141.0,134.6,133.6,133.2,129.3,129.2,128.4,128.3,128.2,126.9,126.0,124.2,123.6,119.0,118.3,68.8,65.2,35.8,29.4,18.4;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C26H25NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值406.1778,上实测值406.1773;[α]D 20=+24.2(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例26
本实施例中,用等摩尔(5-甲基己-4-烯-2-炔-1-基)环己烷替换实施例19中的(4-甲基戊-3-烯-1-炔基)环丙烷,其他步骤与实施例19相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体18.3mg,其收率为49%,HPLC分析得其ee值为81%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.18(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.01(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.68(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.59(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.39(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.68(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.02(s,1H),5.00(s,1H),4.05(s,3H),2.27(dd,J=14.4,3.6Hz,1H),2.09(dd,J=14.4,6.0Hz,1H),1.80(s,3H),1.67–1.66(m,1H),1.59–1.55(m,1H),1.44–1.42(m,1H),1.32–1.30(m,1H),1.08–0.98(m,4H),0.89–0.87(m,1H),0.83–0.77(m,1H),0.70–0.64(m,1H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.4,145.8,141.0,134.1,133.1,132.8,130.2,129.2,128.2,128.1,126.8,124.2,123.5,119.8,118.0,68.6,65.0,41.0,34.6,32.6,26.1,26.0,25.9,18.5;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C25H29NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值398.2091,实测值398.2086;[α]D 20=+84.4(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例27
本实施例中,用等摩尔2-甲基任-2-烯-4-炔替换实施例17中的(4-甲基戊-3-烯-1-炔基)环丙烷,其他步骤与实施例17相同,得到结构式如下的无色油状液体18.1mg,其收率为60%,HPLC分析得其ee值为91%。
所得产物的结构表征数据为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.40(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.17(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.02(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.69(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),5.02(s,1H),5.01(s,1H),3.97(s,3H),2.71(s,3H),2.25–2.20(m,1H),2.03–1.98(m,1H),1.80(s,3H),1.29–1.17(m,2H),1.09–1.01(tm,1H),0.78(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),0.60–0.53(m,1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.2,146.0,141.1,137.8,133.7,131.7,130.3,130.0,126.6,119.5,117.8,68.5,64.8,34.0,24.9,22.6,18.5,17.3,13.8;HRMS(ESI-TOF)(m/z):C19H25NNaO2,([M+Na]+),理论值322.1778,实测值322.1780;[α]D 20=+28.3(c=0.1,CHCl3).
实施例28
本实施例中,用等摩尔手性茂基铑催化剂B替代实施例1中的手性茂基铑催化剂A,其他步骤与实施例1相同,得到黄色油状液体19.1mg,其收率为71%,HPLC分析得其ee值为85%。

Claims (8)

1.一种铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:将式I或I′所示的N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物和式II所示的1,3-烯炔类化合物、手性茂基铑催化剂、氧化剂、羧酸添加剂加入醇类溶剂中,在5~15℃下反应60~80小时,分离纯化产物,得到式III或III′所示的手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物;
式中R1代表H、C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷氧基、苄氧基、苯氧基、苯基、卤素、硝基、三氟甲基、乙酰基、甲氧羰基中任意一种,R2代表C1~C2烷基,R3代表C3~C6环烷基、C3~C5烷基、苯乙基中任意一种,Ar代表苯基或噻吩基;
上述的手性茂基铑催化剂的结构式如下所示:
式中R代表甲氧基或异丙氧基,X代表Cl;
上述的氧化剂为二氟化银、醋酸铜、氧化铜、氧化银、氟化银中任意一种;
上述的羧酸添加剂为乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、特戊酸、苯甲酸、均三甲基苯甲酸中任意一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物、1,3-烯炔类化合物的摩尔比为1:1.3~2.0。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述手性茂基铑催化剂的加入量为N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物摩尔量的3%~5%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述的氧化剂为二氟化银。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述氧化剂的加入量为N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物摩尔量的2~3倍。
6.根据权利要求1所述的铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述羧酸添加剂为乙酸。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述羧酸添加剂的加入量为N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺类化合物摩尔量的1.5~2.5倍。
8.根据权利要求1所述的铑催化合成手性3,3-二取代异吲哚啉酮类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述醇类溶剂为3-戊醇、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇中任意一种。
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