CN112239456B - 一种取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- IAUBZYYUBMBVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine;sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O.C1=CC=NC=C1 IAUBZYYUBMBVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种取代2,3‑二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将钯催化剂、配体、一氧化碳替代物、添加剂、N‑吡啶磺酰基‑邻碘苯胺以及烯烃加入到有机溶剂中,于100~120℃进行反应24~48小时,反应完全后,后处理得到所述的取代2,3‑二氢喹诺酮化合物。该制备方法操作简单,起始原料廉价易得,反应效率高,底物兼容性好,还可以通过底物设计合成出2位芳基和3位烷基取代的2,3‑二氢喹诺酮化合物,便于操作的同时拓宽了此方法的实用性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成领域,尤其涉及一种取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法。
背景技术
2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物是一种重要的含氮含羰基六元杂环,广泛存在于各种具有重要生物活性分子骨架中。例如,化合物A和B已被证实对人体细胞具有显著的抗癌活性(J.Med.Chem.1998,41,1155-1162;J.Med.Chem.2000,43,167-176)。化合物C也具有潜在的止痛活性(J.Med.Chem.1965,8,566-571)。
由于2,3-二氢喹诺酮骨架的广泛性,现如今有大量文献报道其合成方法(Chem.2019,5,1059-1011)。羰基化反应提供了一种直接、高效合成羰基化合物的重要方法(Chem.Rev.,2019,119,2090-2127)。然而,基于羰基化反应合成2,3-二氢喹诺酮骨架的报道较少,相对来说目前应用并不广泛,但其具有较大的应用潜力,有待深入研究。
基于此我们发展了一种以N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺和烯烃为起始原料,过渡金属钯催化的羰基化反应高效地合成取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的方法。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法,该制备方法步骤简单,可以兼容多种官能团,反应适用性好,此方法还可以扩大至克级,为工业上大规模生产应用提供了可能。
一种取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将二(乙酰丙酮)钯、1,3-双(二苯基膦)丙烷、三乙胺、1,3,5-均三甲酸苯酚酯,N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺和烯烃加入到有机溶剂中,于100~120℃进行反应24~48小时,反应完全后,后处理得到所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物;
所述的N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺的结构如式(II)所示:
所述的烯烃的结构如式(III)所示:
R为取代或者未取代的芳基、烷基或者硅烷基;
所述的芳基上的取代基为C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤素或者三氟甲基;
当所述的R为取代或者未取代的芳基时,所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的结构如式(Ⅰa)所示:
当所述的R为烷基或者硅烷基,所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的结构如式(Ⅰb)所示:
进一步的,所述芳基上的取代基选自甲基、叔丁基、甲氧基、氟或氯;取代位置可以为邻位、对位或者间位。
所述的烷基选自直链或支链烷基。
具体反应式如下:
反应中可能首先经历了钯插入N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺的碳氮键形成芳基钯中间体,1,3,5-均三甲酸苯酚酯放出的一氧化碳插入芳基钯中间体生成酰基钯中间体。随后,烯烃与酰基钯中间体配位、插入得到烷基钯中间体。最后,发生还原消除得到取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物。
本发明中,可选用的后处理过程包括:过滤,硅胶拌样,最后经过柱层析纯化得到相应的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物,采用柱层析纯化为本领域常用的技术手段。
作为优选,R1为取代或者未取代的苯基,所述苯基上的取代基选自甲基、叔丁基、甲氧基、氟或氯,反应的产率较高。
作为优选,R2为C1~C6烷基或者三甲基硅取代的C1~C6烷基,反应的产率较高。
作为优选,所述的反应的时间为24~48小时,反应时间较短难以保证反应的完全。
本发明中,能将原料充分溶解的有机溶剂都能使反应发生,非质子性溶剂能够有效地促进反应的进行;作为优选,所述的有机溶剂为二氧六环,乙腈或者四氢呋喃;作为进一步的优选,所述的有机溶剂为二氧六环,此时,各种原料都能以较高的转化率转化成产物。
所述的有机溶剂的用量能将原料较好的溶解即可,1mmol的N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺使用的有机溶剂的量约为2mL。
作为优选,所述的催化剂为二(乙酰丙酮)钯,在众多钯催化剂中反应效率较高。
所述的二(乙酰丙酮)钯、1,3-双(二苯基膦)丙烷和1,3,5-均三甲酸苯酚酯的摩尔比为0.2:0.2:4;
作为进一步的优选,所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物为式(I-1)-式(I-5)所示化合物中的一种:
上述制备方法中,所述的烯烃、二(乙酰丙酮)钯和1,3-双(二苯基膦)丙烷一般采用市售产品,都能从市场上方便地得到,所述的N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺可由相应的邻碘苯胺和吡啶磺酰氯快速合成得到。
同现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果体现在:该制备方法易于操作,后处理简便;反应起始原料廉价易得,底物可设计性强,底物官能团容忍范围广,反应效率高,可根据实际需要设计合成出2位芳基和3位烷基取代的2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物,实用性较强。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的描述。
按照表1的原料配比在35mL的Schlenk管中加入二(乙酰丙酮)钯、1,3-双(二苯基膦)丙烷、三乙胺、1,3,5-均三甲酸苯酚酯、N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺(II)、烯烃(III)和有机溶剂2mL,混合搅拌均匀,按照表2的反应条件反应48小时,过滤,硅胶拌样,经过柱层析纯化得到相应的取代的2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物(Ⅰ),反应过程如下式所示:
表1实施例1~15的原料加入量
表2
表1和表2中,T为反应温度,t为反应时间,Ph为苯基,Me为甲基,OMe为甲氧基,t-Bu为叔丁基,TMS为三甲基硅基,dioxane为二氧六环。
实施例1~5制备得到部分化合物的结构确认数据:
由实施例1制备得到的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物(I-1)的核磁共振(1H NMR、13CNMR)和高分辨(HRMS)检测数据为:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.66(dd,J=4.7,0.7Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.86–7.81(m,2H),7.48–7.41(m,2H),7.19(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.13–7.06(m,1H),7.02(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.17(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.59(ABdd,J=17.9,6.0Hz,1H),3.21(ABdd,J=17.8,1.8Hz,1H),2.23(s,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ192.9,156.6,150.5,140.0,138.3,137.7,135.0,129.4,127.4,127.3,127.0,126.2,125.5,124.8,123.7,58.6,41.0,21.1.
HRMS(ESI-TOF)Calcd.for C21H19N2O3S+[M+H]+:379.1111;found:379.1127.
由实施例2制备得到的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物(I-2)的核磁共振(1H NMR、13CNMR)和高分辨(HRMS)检测数据为:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.69(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),8.01(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.91–7.85(m,2H),7.53–7.46(m,2H),7.31–7.29(m,2H),7.24(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.15(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.23(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),3.71(ABdd,J=17.9,6.0Hz,1H),3.24(ABdd,J=17.9,1.7Hz,1H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ192.4,156.4,150.5,139.8,138.4,136.7,135.2,134.0,129.0,128.5,127.6,127.5,126.0,125.7,124.7,123.7,58.3,40.9.
HRMS(ESI-TOF)Calcd.for C20H16ClN2O3S+[M+H]+:399.0565;found:399.0576.
由实施例3制备得到取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物(I-3)的核磁共振(1H NMR、13CNMR)和高分辨(HRMS)检测数据为:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.63(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.96(dd,J=7.8,1.5Hz,1H),7.91(td,J=7.8,1.5Hz,1H),7.72(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.48(dd,J=7.6,4.7Hz,1H),7.45–7.40(m,1H),7.15(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.55(dd,J=13.6,4.6Hz,1H),3.94(dd,J=13.6,10.5Hz,1H),2.85–2.78(m,1H),1.96–1.87(m,1H),1.56–1.46(m,2H),1.44–1.37(m,1H),0.96(t,J=7.0Hz,3H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ195.8,157.2,150.4,142.4,138.3,134.4,128.4,127.4,124.7,124.6,123.0,121.4,51.5,46.5,29.5,20.1,14.1.
HRMS(ESI-TOF)Calcd.for C17H19N2O3S+[M+H]+:331.1111;found:331.1125.
由实施例4制备得到的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物(I-4)的核磁共振(1H NMR、13CNMR)和高分辨(HRMS)检测数据为:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.62(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.96–7.89(m,2H),7.71(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.48(dd,J=7.5,4.8Hz,1H),7.44–7.39(m,1H),7.13(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.47(dd,J=13.6,4.4Hz,1H),4.15(dd,J=13.6,10.2Hz,1H),2.67–2.58(m,1H),2.14–2.09(m,1H),1.72–1.58(m,4H),1.31–1.25(m,4H),1.19–1.03(m,2H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ195.2,157.0,150.3,142.1,138.2,134.2,128.2,127.2,125.0,124.4,123.0,121.0,52.1,48.9,35.7,30.8,29.1,26.5,26.4,26.2.
HRMS(ESI-TOF)Calcd.for C20H23N2O3S+[M+H]+:371.1424;found:371.1438.
由实施例5制备得到的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物(I-5)的核磁共振(1H NMR、13CNMR)和高分辨(HRMS)检测数据为:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.61(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),8.01(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.95(dd,J=7.8,1.6Hz,1H),7.89(td,J=7.8,1.6Hz,1H),7.76(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.48–7.40(m,2H),7.14(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.62(dd,J=13.7,4.8Hz,1H),3.78(dd,J=13.6,11.9Hz,1H),3.06–2.98(m,1H),1.28–1.23(m,1H),0.54(dd,J=15.0,7.9Hz,1H),0.10(s,9H).
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ196.6,157.1,150.4,142.3,138.3,134.4,128.5,127.3,124.8,124.6,123.1,121.6,53.8,43.5,14.3,-0.7.
HRMS(ESI-TOF)Calcd.for C18H23N2O3SSi+[M+H]+:375.1193;found:375.1207.
Claims (4)
1.一种取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将钯催化剂、配体、一氧化碳替代物、添加剂、N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺以及烯烃加入到有机溶剂中,于100~120 oC进行反应48小时,反应完全后,后处理得到所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物;
所述的N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺的结构如式(II)所示:
所述的烯烃的结构如式(III)所示:
R为取代或者未取代的苯基、C1~C6烷基或者三甲基硅取代的C1~C6烷基;
苯基上的取代基选自甲基、叔丁基、甲氧基、氟或氯;
当所述的R为取代或者未取代的苯基时,所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的结构如式(Ⅰa)所示:
当所述的R为C1~C6烷基或者三甲基硅取代的C1~C6烷基,所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的结构如式(Ⅰb)所示:
以摩尔量计,N-吡啶磺酰基-邻碘苯胺:烯烃:添加剂:钯催化剂:配体:一氧化碳替代物=1:6:2:0.2:0.2:4;
所述的钯催化剂为二(乙酰丙酮)钯;
所述的配体为1,3-双(二苯基膦)丙烷;
所述的添加剂为三乙胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂为二氧六环。
3.根据权利要求1所述的取代2,3-二氢喹诺酮化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的一氧化碳替代物为1,3,5-均三甲酸苯酚酯。
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