CN113702641A - 一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法及应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种一锅式核酸抗体共检测方法及应用,涉及体外诊断领域。本发明通过设计制备特异性抗抗体‑寡核苷酸邻位延伸探针、多重PCR引物和Taqman探针,使用抗原预包被反应管捕获待测样品中的抗体,进行邻位延伸反应,最终通过反转录荧光定量PCR扩增技术,读取多重探针荧光强度,实现生物样品中核酸和抗体的同时检测,对于预测疾病的发生发展,提高临床诊断的准确率具有重大意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及体外诊断领域,尤其涉及一种核酸和抗体共检测方法。
背景技术
蛋白质(抗原或抗体)和核酸(DNA或RNA)是体外诊断的两个主要目标类别,通常需要独立的平台,无法在单个平台上同时得到核酸和蛋白检测结果。
核酸检测涉及各种聚合酶链反应(PCR)策略,如经典PCR、实时PCR、多重PCR和数字PCR,可以检测低水平的核酸;蛋白质检测一般采用结合电场效应、纳米结构氧化锆、微流体、荧光、磁阻纳米线网、光纤、电化学等方法的生物传感器和夹心免疫分析,然而,这些方法由于缺乏信号放大设备导致检测灵敏度有限。
微流控技术由于芯片制备所用材料生物相容性不够好,可能会引起细胞功能发生改变。同时,由于芯片制备工艺复杂,对单细胞分离检测难以控制,大规模推广仍有较大困难。单细胞蛋白质印迹法(western blot)结合了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)的分子筛效应,该方法主要用于细胞裂解液中的痕量蛋白表达,但在生物样品中检测游离的痕量蛋白及与核酸共检测的应用目前未见报道。邻近结扎RNA测定(PLAYR),需要结合流式细胞术和质量流式细胞术,有时可能无法找到靶标所对应的复合检测要求的抗体探针,限制了方法的应用。此外,该方法需要在大型质谱流式细胞分析仪上使用,本质上受到可用镧系金属标签数量的限制。目前大型质谱流式细胞分析仪和镧系金属标签均需从国外进口,货期长且价格昂贵。邻位连接技术(PLA)与核酸检测连用,由于T4连接酶在复杂生物样本(包括血清或血浆)中容易失去活性,影响反应效率,导致灵敏度降低,应用仍然受到限制。
综上所述,现有方法存在需要复杂而昂贵的仪器,分析时间长,灵敏度和定量分析能力有限,以及需要精通操作多个平台的熟练技术人员等缺陷。目前,尚未有技术可以在一台设备上同时检测血清中的抗体和核酸。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷,本发明所要解决的技术问题是在一台设备上同时对生物复合物样品中的蛋白质和核酸进行定量检测,以降低漏检率,提高检测效率。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、设计制备特异性抗抗体-寡核苷酸邻位延伸探针、多重PCR引物和Taqman探针;
步骤2、使用抗原预包被反应管;
步骤3、在上述反应管中加入待测生物样品稀释液;
步骤4、将特异性抗抗体-寡核苷酸探针加入洗涤后的反应管;
步骤5、在反应管中加入延伸体系,进行邻位延伸反应;
步骤6、提取样品RNA,加入反应管中,进行反转录荧光定量PCR,读取多重探针荧光强度,实现对待测样品中目标核酸-抗体的定量分析。
步骤1所述特异性抗抗体-寡核苷酸邻位延伸探针包括与待测样品中抗体结合的抗抗体和与抗抗体3'端连接的寡核苷酸序列。
所述寡核苷酸序列包括与5'连接探针相对应的碱基和PCR中使用的引物的结合位点。
所述探针为多重Taqman探针,分别标记波段不重叠的荧光基团。
所述步骤2具体操作如下:
步骤2.1、将PCR管用25微升8%戊二醛溶液在37℃处理5小时,使用包被缓冲液稀释抗原,取稀释后抗原加入到处理后的PCR管中,4℃下孵育过夜;
步骤2.2、将处理后的预包被管用洗涤缓冲液洗涤三次,添加1%BSA的1×PBS封闭1小时,然后在洗涤缓冲液中再洗涤3次;
所述步骤3具体操作如下:
步骤3.1、在抗原包被管中加入待测样品,并在20-25℃下孵育20分钟,然后用洗涤缓冲液洗涤三次;
步骤3.2、在管中加入25微升探针后,在室温下缓慢摇动20分钟,用洗涤缓冲液洗涤3次;
所述步骤5所述延伸体系包含5x反应缓冲液,T4 DNA聚合酶和dNTP混合物(2mM),所述邻位延伸反应在室温下进行5分钟,然后在37℃下延伸反应5分钟,然后在75℃下热灭活步骤10分钟,用洗涤缓冲液洗涤3次。
本发明进一步提供了所述一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法在新型冠状肺炎病毒检测中的应用,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
步骤1、设计合成新型冠状肺炎病毒特异性抗抗体-寡核苷酸邻位延伸探针、四重PCR引物、四重Taqman探针;
步骤2、使用SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白稀释液预包被反应管;
步骤3、加入抗抗体-寡核苷酸、延伸体系进行固相邻位延伸反应;
步骤4、进行反转录荧光定量PCR,读取四重探针荧光强度,实现定量分析;
优选地,四重Taqman探针包括IgG Taqman探针、IgM Taqman探针、RdRP探针、E探针,序列是序列表中的SEQ NO.5,SEQ NO.10,SEQ NO.13,SEQ NO.16所示的序列;四组PCR引物包括IgG引物、IgM引物、RdRP引物、E引物,序列是序列表中的SEQ NO.3,SEQ NO.4,SEQNO.8,SEQ NO.9,SEQ NO.11,SEQ NO.12,SEQ NO.14,SEQ NO.15所示的序列;
优选地,步骤1中所述抗抗体-寡核苷酸探针,抗抗体包括人源抗N-IgG抗体和人源抗N-IgM抗体,交联的寡合甘酸序列是序列表中的序列是序列表SEQ NO.1、SEQ NO.2、SEQNO.6和SEQ NO.7所示的序列;
优选地,步骤1中所述四重Taqman探针5’端修饰荧光基团,3’端修饰淬灭基团,荧光基团包括FAM、Hex、ROX或Cy5,淬灭基团包括BHQ1、BHQ2或BHQ3;
优选地,步骤2中所述SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白稀释液浓度为2ug/ml~8ug/ml;
优选地,步骤4中所述扩增反应程序包括在90℃逆转录3分钟和60℃逆转录5分钟,然后在95℃逆转录5秒,在60℃逆转录30秒,45个循环。
本发明提供了所述的一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法进行新型冠状肺炎病毒核酸抗体共检测的试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括预包被PCR管、延伸单元、反转录单元和阳性标准品。
与现有技术相比,本发明至少具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供了一种可以在一台设备上同时检测生物样品中的抗体和核酸,降低漏检率,且同时实现目标蛋白和核酸的定量化检测,提高检测准确度。
此外本方法也可以应用于分析单细胞间的异质性,是一种新的单细胞蛋白质和转录本表达共检测技术,有助于加深对遗传发育以及不同组织和细胞基因表达调控的规律的理解。
附图说明
图1是本发明的完整步骤示意图;
图2是本发明抗抗体与寡核苷酸交联反应示意图;
图3是本发明实施例中使用的寡核苷酸序列与特异性引物、探针结合序列示意图;
图4是本发明实施例中探针合成反应SDS-PAGE胶鉴定图;
图5是本发明实施例中不同浓度SARS-COV-2 N蛋白包被浓度对抗体的捕获效率结果;
图6是本发明实施例与非SARS-CoV-2特异性核酸和抗体的交叉反应测试结果;
图7是本发明实施例灵敏度和线性关系示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案,以便更好地理解本发明,但本发明并不限于具体实施方式描述的内容。
通过图1简单描述本发明提供的一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法的原理:
可通过捕获抗原和两条抗抗体-寡核苷酸探针同时结合靶标抗体,将蛋白分子信号转化为核酸信号,并且和核酸信号同时进行实时定量扩増就可实现对目标蛋白和核酸的共同定量分析。蛋白检测要求对靶标蛋白高效固定,快速反应,并且具有良好的灵敏度和特异性,核酸检测信号可以和蛋白检测信号在一次反应中同时获得,信号间互不干扰。
以下实施例中,若无特殊说明,所用试剂及耗材均可购自本领域常规试剂厂商,所用试验方法均为本领域技术人员知晓的常规方法。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法在新型冠状肺炎病毒检测中的应用,具体步骤如下:
一、合成固相邻位延伸新型冠状肺炎病毒特异性抗抗体探针、四重PCR引物和Taqman探针
1.所有超滤管均用缀合缓冲液(pH 7.2、100mM磷酸钠,150mM氯化钠,1-5mM EDTA)平衡;
2.将抗抗体调整到1毫克/毫升,并使用缀合缓冲液以12000×g用Amicon-100K纯化5分钟两次。将Sulfo-SMCC(分子量:436.37)新溶解于ddH2O(5毫克/毫升)中,然后将5微升Sulfo-SMCC加入50微升抗体中,4℃孵育2h,间歇混合三次;
3.处理抗体后,将5'-硫醇修饰的寡核苷酸悬浮于0.1mM的缀合缓冲液中,在ddH2O(50mM)中新鲜制备TCEP-HCL(分子量:286.65),并将寡核苷酸与5微升TCEP-HCL,37℃培养1小时。值得注意的是,抗体活化后1小时开始进行还原反应;
4.使用缀合缓冲液,用离心过滤器以12000×g将SMCC活化的抗体和还原的寡核苷酸纯化两次,持续5分钟。将抗体与寡核苷酸的摩尔比以1:3的比例调节以使未结合的寡核苷酸的体积最小化。然后将混合物在4℃温育过夜。纯化去除多余的DNA后,将探针最终在稀释剂(1×PBS,0.1%BSA,0.05%Tween,0.1微克/微升鲑鱼精子DNA,100nM山羊IgG,1mM D-生物素和5mM EDTA)中并在-20℃下储存。使用前,将探针用相同的缓冲液稀释至终浓度1nM。
以上抗抗体与寡核苷酸结合反应过程如附图1所示。
5.使用Primer-BLAST设计四重Taqman探针:IgG Taqman探针、IgM Taqman探针、RdRP探针、E探针,核苷酸序列是序列表中的SEQ NO.5,SEQ NO.10,SEQ NO.13,SEQ NO.16所示的序列;设计四组PCR引物:IgG引物、IgM引物、RdRP引物、E引物,核苷酸序列是序列表中的SEQ NO.3,SEQ NO.4,SEQ NO.8,SEQ NO.9,SEQ NO.11,SEQ NO.12,SEQ NO.14,SEQ NO.15所示的序列,抗N-IgG,N-IgM抗体的寡核苷酸序列与IgG引物、IgM引物和TaqMan探针结合序列如图2所示。
二、预包被抗原管浓度测试
1.将PCR管用25微升8%戊二醛溶液在37℃处理5小时;
2.处理后的PCR管中加入25微升在包被缓冲液(15mM Na2CO3,35mM NaHCO3,pH9.6)中稀释的2~8ug/mL的SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白。并在4℃下孵育过夜;
3.将处理后的预包被管用洗涤缓冲液(1x PBS,0.5%BSA和0.05%Tween 20,pH7.4)洗涤三次后,在37℃下用添加1%BSA的1×PBS封闭1小时,然后在洗涤缓冲液中再洗涤3次;
4.在上述不同浓度的抗原包被管中分别加入10μg/mL、1000μg/mL的阳性患者血清,将约25mL样品加入抗原预包被的管中并在20-25℃下孵育20分钟,然后用洗涤缓冲液洗涤三次。
在不同的抗原包被浓度下,对人IgG进行OPIPE检测。如图4所示,10μg/mL、1000μg/mL浓度N-IgG用浅灰和深灰来表示。预涂8μg/mL N蛋白的倍频程中的–△Ct值显著高于其他两种低浓度下的值(P值<0.05)。在2μg/mL和4μg/mL包被浓度下,两种不同浓度的N-IgG的-ΔCt值没有显著差异。
三、一锅式固相邻位延伸超灵敏新型冠状肺炎病毒特异性核酸抗体共检测
1.通过将稀释的阳性或阴性供体血清连续稀释100倍(1×PBS中的1%BSA)制备标准曲线。将约25微升样品加入抗原预包被的管中并在20-25℃下孵育20分钟,然后用洗涤缓冲液洗涤三次;
2.在加入25微升探针后,将每个管在室温下缓慢摇动20分钟。混合物,将未结合的探针用洗涤缓冲液洗涤3次;
3.然后添加20微升的延伸系统,其中包含5x反应缓冲液,T4 DNA聚合酶和dNTP混合物(2mM)。混合后,反应在室温下进行5分钟,然后在37℃下延伸反应5分钟,然后在75℃下热灭活步骤10分钟。洗涤三次后,寡核苷酸制备固相界面上的模板。此时,SARS-CoV-2 RNA片段和PrimedirectTM将探针RT-qPCR混合物,不含RNase的H2O和四组探针引物同时加入管中;
4.用100微升Washing buffer洗涤三次,将洗涤液甩干后,加入25微升qPCR所需缓冲液、酶和引物,对管壁上连接得到的DNA产物进行定量扩增。25微升扩增反应体系如下:
5.整个反应在罗氏Lightcycler 96荧光定量PCR仪上进行。反应程序包括在90℃逆转录3分钟和60℃逆转录5分钟,然后在95℃逆转录5秒,在60℃逆转录30秒,45个循环。同时读取FAM,Hex,ROX和Cy5四个通道的信号。
如图7所示,通过一锅法核酸-抗体共检测10%COVID-19阳性和阴性供者血清中的抗体和核酸,结果如下:
(A-F)N-IgG和N-IgM溶液的完整标准曲线(100fg至10μg/mL)和线性回归分析(10pg–10μg/mL)。C和F显示在N-IgG和N-IgM的各稀释浓度下,阳性和阴性血清样本之间的-ΔCt值存在显著差异。
(G-I)显示了通过PCR扩增RdRP基因片段和E基因片段获得的Ct值,并在一个反应管中稀释至不同浓度(10至105拷贝/μL)。在所有浓度下,H1N1病毒RNA片段的Ct值均显著高于RdRP和E基因片段的Ct值。
本发明所述的数值范围不仅包括上述列举的点值,还包括没有列举出的上述数值范围之间的任意的点值,限于篇幅及出于简明的考虑,本发明不再穷尽列举所述范围包括的具体点值。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。
序列表
<110> 上海交通大学
<120> 一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法及其应用
<130> 2021-05-25
<160> 16
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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Claims (8)
1.一种一锅式固相核酸-抗体共检测方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、设计制备抗抗体-寡核苷酸邻位延伸探针、多重PCR引物和Taqman探针;
步骤2、使用抗原预包被反应管;
步骤3、在反应管中加入待测生物样品;
步骤4、将抗抗体-寡核苷酸探针加入反应管;
步骤5、在反应管中加入延伸体系,进行邻位延伸反应;
步骤6、进行反转录荧光定量PCR,读取多重探针荧光强度,实现对目标核酸-抗体的定量分析。
2.权利要求1所述的一锅式固相核酸-抗体共检测方法,其特征在于步骤1所述特异性抗抗体-寡核苷酸邻位延伸探针包括抗抗体和寡核苷酸序列,所述抗抗体与寡核苷酸连接方式包括通过胺-巯基交联剂进行交联反应,链霉亲和素-寡核苷酸与生物素化多克隆抗体反应。
3.权利要求2所述的一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法,其特征在于所述寡核苷酸序列包括与Taqman探针、PCR引物的结合位点。
4.权利要求1所述的一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法,其特征在于步骤2具体操作如下:
步骤2.1、将PCR管用8%戊二醛溶液处理,使用包被缓冲液稀释抗原,取稀释后抗原加入到处理后的PCR管中孵育过夜;
步骤2.2、将处理后的预包被管用洗涤缓冲液洗涤,添加1%BSA的1×PBS封闭后再洗涤。
5.权利要求1所述的一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法,其特征还在于步骤3具体操作如下:
步骤3.1、在抗原包被管中加入待测样品孵育,然后用洗涤缓冲液洗涤;
步骤3.2、在管中加入探针后,在室温下摇动,用洗涤缓冲液洗涤。
6.权利要求1所述的一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法,其特征还在于步骤5所述延伸体系包含5x反应缓冲液,T4 DNA聚合酶和dNTP混合物。
7.权利要求1~7所述任何一项一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法在新型冠状肺炎病毒检测中的应用,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
步骤1、设计合成新型冠状肺炎病毒特异性抗抗体-寡核苷酸邻位延伸探针、四重PCR引物、四重Taqman探针;
步骤2、使用SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白稀释液预包被反应管;
步骤3、加入抗抗体-寡核苷酸、延伸体系进行固相邻位延伸反应;
步骤4、进行反转录荧光定量PCR,读取四重探针荧光强度,实现定量分析;
优选地,四重Taqman探针包括IgG Taqman探针,IgM Taqman探针,RdRP探针,E探针,序列是序列表中的SEQ NO.5,SEQ NO.10,SEQ NO.13,SEQ NO.16所示的序列;四组PCR引物包括IgG引物、IgM引物、RdRP引物、E引物,序列是序列表中的SEQ NO.3,SEQ NO.4,SEQ NO.8,SEQ NO.9,SEQ NO.11,SEQ NO.12,SEQ NO.14,SEQ NO.15所示的序列;
优选地,步骤1中所述抗抗体-寡核苷酸,抗抗体包括人源抗N-IgG抗体和人源抗N-IgM抗体,交联的寡合甘酸序列是序列表中的序列是序列表SEQ NO.1、SEQ NO.2、SEQ NO.6和SEQ NO.7所示的序列;
优选地,步骤1中所述四重Taqman探针5’端修饰荧光基团,3’端修饰淬灭基团,荧光基团包括FAM、Hex、ROX或Cy5,淬灭基团包括BHQ1、BHQ2或BHQ3;
优选地,步骤2中所述SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白稀释液浓度为2ug/ml~8ug/ml;
优选地,步骤4中所述扩增反应程序包括在90℃逆转录3分钟和60℃逆转录5分钟,然后在95℃逆转录5秒,在60℃逆转录30秒,45个循环。
8.如权利要求7所述的一锅式核酸-抗体共检测方法检测新型冠状肺炎病毒的试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括预包被PCR管、延伸单元和反转录单元。
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