CN113698626A - 一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113698626A
CN113698626A CN202111031699.4A CN202111031699A CN113698626A CN 113698626 A CN113698626 A CN 113698626A CN 202111031699 A CN202111031699 A CN 202111031699A CN 113698626 A CN113698626 A CN 113698626A
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沈军炎
杨雷
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Shaoxing Keqiao Research Institute Co Ltd Of Zhejiang University Of Technology
Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Abstract

本发明属于纺织助剂技术领域，具体涉及一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液，其质量配比如下：氨基硅油20‑30份、乳化剂2‑8份、软质纳米颗粒乳液3‑32份、pH调节剂0.8‑1.5份、去离子水50‑60份，并提供了具体的制备方法。本发明解决解决传统硅油乳液稳定性差和纺织品整理效果差的问题，具备优良的乳液稳定性，纤维上附着性好，能够有效地提高纺织品的透气性以及柔软性，由此提高了其实用性以及舒适性；同时其具有成本低廉、工艺简单的特点。

Description

一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织助剂技术领域，具体涉及一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液及其制备方法。
背景技术
硅油因具有链段柔顺、表面张力小等特点，其对织物柔软性有显著的提升效果，广泛应用于织物柔软与仿真整理。目前市场上常使用的织物后整理剂以氨基硅油乳液为主，但是其储存稳定性较差，普遍易破乳，易黄变，整理后的织物憎水、不吸汗，很大程度影响织物的舒适感和外观。传统硅油乳液主要是通过静电稳定化、降低界面张力和借助表面活性剂或可溶性大分子的空间位阻稳定相结合来实现乳液稳定。由于常规乳化剂(如表面活性剂等)在油水界面上会发生动态交换，导致硅油难以乳化均匀分散在体系中。因此，传统硅油乳液在热力学上并不稳定，随着时间的推移，由于聚结、絮凝和奥斯特瓦尔德成熟而破乳，导致乳液失效。此外，随着消费者对舒适生活方式的追求，功能性纺织品市场快速发展，开发新型硅油乳液产品来取代传统的硅油产品已变得越来越紧迫，急需设计合成出各种新型硅油乳液产品以满足人们对织物的柔软性、白度、亲水性和润湿性的需要。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的问题，本发明提供一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液，解决解决传统硅油乳液稳定性差和纺织品整理效果差的问题，具备优良的乳液稳定性，纤维上附着性好，能够有效地提高纺织品的透气性以及柔软性，由此提高了其实用性以及舒适性；同时其具有成本低廉、工艺简单的特点。
为实现以上技术目的，本发明的技术方案是：
一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液，其质量配比如下：
氨基硅油20-30份、乳化剂2-8份、软质纳米颗粒乳液3-32份、pH调节剂0.8-1.5份、去离子水50-60份。
所述乳化剂采用聚氧乙烯醚月桂酸酯、异构十三醇乙氧基化物、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物中的一种或几种。
所述软质纳米颗粒乳液为聚丙烯酸丁酯乳液(PBA,150nm)、聚丙烯酸丙酯乳液(PPA,120nm)、聚丙烯酸异辛酯乳液(PEHA,170nm)中的至少一种，上述三种乳液的含固量均为30％。
所述pH调节剂采用醋酸。
所述硅油乳液的制备方法，包括：
将氨基硅油、pH调节剂和去离子水混合加入反应容器中，在室温下以800-1500rpm的转速搅拌10-30min，然后边搅拌边加入软质纳米颗粒乳液和乳化剂，并继续搅拌30-90min，得到乳白色且均匀分散的硅油乳液。该原料搅拌过程中可根据需要进行先后调节。
上述软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液在纺织品整理中的应用。
从以上描述可以看出，本发明具备以下优点：
1.本发明解决解决传统硅油乳液稳定性差和纺织品整理效果差的问题，具备优良的乳液稳定性，纤维上附着性好，能够有效地提高纺织品的透气性以及柔软性，由此提高了其实用性以及舒适性；同时其具有成本低廉、工艺简单的特点。
2.本发明软质颗粒可以在油水界面伸展变形，增加了界面吸附能和颗粒覆盖面积，对乳液分散稳定性的提升更加显著，因此，软质颗粒对硅油具有更好的乳化性能，形成的乳液稳定性更好，对织物的手感和柔软性等方面影响小。
3.本发明中的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液通过吸附在油水界面的软质纳米颗粒形成物理屏障，通过体积排斥阻隔界面油水相互作用和液滴接触，且这种吸附在界面上的颗粒的行为是不可逆的。
4.本发明将其应用于纺织品后处理中，使得通过乳液整理后的纺织品保持优良的透气性和柔软性，从而满足了现代人们对纺织品舒适性的需求。本发明提供的乳化工艺简单，其过程易于实施和控制，利于推广生产，同时具有很强的可设计性，便于工艺调整，所获得材料在纺织品、化妆品等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是对比例1、实施例2和3所制的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的乳液性能；
图2是应用例1-3在扫描电镜下整理面料的表观形貌。
具体实施方式
结合图1至图2，详细说明本发明的一个具体实施例，但不对本发明的权利要求做任何限定。
一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将26重量份氨基硅油、2重量份乳化剂聚氧乙烯醚月桂酸酯放入反应容器内进行高速剪切乳化，搅拌时间为90min，转速为900r/min，搅拌温度为室温；
(2)在步骤(1)得到的体系中加入醋酸调节pH至5.0-7.0；
(3)在步骤(2)得到的体系中加缓慢18重量份聚丙烯酸异辛酯乳液(PEHA,170nm)，继续搅拌60-90min，得到所述软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液。
实施例2
一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将26重量份氨基硅油、2重量份乳化剂异构十三醇乙氧基化物和4重量份聚丙烯酸丁酯乳液(PBA,150nm)放入反应容器内进行高速剪切乳化，搅拌时间为30min，转速为900r/min，搅拌温度为室温；
(2)在步骤(1)得到的体系中加入醋酸调节pH至5.0-7.0，得到所述软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液。
实施例3
一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将26重量份氨基硅油、2重量份乳化剂异构十三醇乙氧基化物放入反应容器内进行高速剪切乳化，搅拌时间为90min，转速为900r/min，搅拌温度为室温；
(2)在步骤(1)得到的体系中加入醋酸调节pH至5.0-7.0；
(3)在步骤(2)得到的体系中加缓慢4重量份聚丙烯酸异辛酯乳液(PEHA,170nm)，继续搅拌60-90min，得到所述软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液。
实施例4
一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将26重量份氨基硅油、2重量份乳化剂脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物放入反应容器内进行高速剪切乳化，搅拌时间为90min，转速为900r/min，搅拌温度为室温；
(2)在步骤(1)得到的体系中加入醋酸调节pH至5.0-7.0；
(3)在步骤(2)得到的体系中加缓慢18重量份聚丙烯酸丁酯乳液(PBA,150nm)，继续搅拌60-90min，得到所述软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液。
实施例5
一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将26重量份氨基硅油、2重量份乳化剂脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物放入反应容器内进行高速剪切乳化，搅拌时间为90min，转速为900r/min，搅拌温度为室温；
(2)在步骤(1)得到的体系中加入醋酸调节pH至5.0～7.0；
(3)在步骤(2)得到的体系中加缓慢28重量份聚丙烯酸丙酯乳液(PPA,120nm)，继续搅拌60～90min，得到所述软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液。
实施例1-5所制备的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的性能测试结果如表1所示，软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液离心稳定性均为优良，乳液外观乳白色半透明，稳定不分层。
Figure BDA0003245507440000041
Figure BDA0003245507440000051
在制备软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液步骤中，乳化剂降低了混合体系中氨基硅油和水之间的界面张力，并在氨基硅油微滴表面形成较坚固的薄膜或由于乳化剂给出的电荷而在微滴表面形成双电层，阻止微滴彼此聚集。而软质纳米颗粒具有适合的亲水性，促使软质纳米颗粒在油水界面上与乳化剂一起形成物理屏障，通过体积排斥阻隔界面油水相互作用和液滴接触，且这种吸附在界面上的颗粒行为取决于软质纳米颗粒自身的润湿性，是不可逆的。因此，改变软质纳米颗粒的添加顺序不会影响硅油乳液的稳定性。
对比例1制备方法同实施例3，不同之处在于对比例1步骤(1)中未加入软质纳米颗粒，同时乳化剂异构十三醇乙氧基化物的用量提高至14重量份。
对比例1、实施例2和3所制的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的主要性能指标如下表
Figure BDA0003245507440000052
对比例1、实施例2和3所制的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液的乳液性能，依次如图1所示，软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液具有良好的分散性。
应用例1
实施例4得到的硅油乳液配制成15g/L的整理液，以浸轧整理的方式整理涤纶长丝面料，在170℃下烘90s后得到整理后面料。
应用例2
将实施例4得到的硅油乳液配制成25g/L的整理液，以浸轧整理的方式整理涤纶长丝面料，在170℃下烘90s后得到整理后面料。
应用例3
将对比例1得到的硅油乳液配制成25g/L的整理液，以浸轧整理的方式整理涤纶长丝面料，在170℃下烘90s后得到整理后面料。
如图2所示，应用例1-3在扫描电镜下整理的表观形貌。
由上述实验结果可知，该制备方法制得的所述软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液具有优良的稳定性以及纤维上吸附性，可以有效应用于纺织品整理领域。
综上所述，本发明具有以下优点：
1.本发明解决解决传统硅油乳液稳定性差和纺织品整理效果差的问题，具备优良的乳液稳定性，纤维上附着性好，能够有效地提高纺织品的透气性以及柔软性，由此提高了其实用性以及舒适性；同时其具有成本低廉、工艺简单的特点。
2.本发明软质颗粒可以在油水界面伸展变形，增加了界面吸附能和颗粒覆盖面积，对乳液分散稳定性的提升更加显著，因此，软质颗粒对硅油具有更好的乳化性能，形成的乳液稳定性更好，对织物的手感和柔软性等方面影响小。
3.本发明中的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液通过吸附在油水界面的软质纳米颗粒形成物理屏障，通过体积排斥阻隔界面油水相互作用和液滴接触，且这种吸附在界面上的颗粒的行为是不可逆的。
4.本发明将其应用于纺织品后处理中，使得通过乳液整理后的纺织品保持优良的透气性和柔软性，从而满足了现代人们对纺织品舒适性的需求。本发明提供的乳化工艺简单，其过程易于实施和控制，利于推广生产，同时具有很强的可设计性，便于工艺调整，所获得材料在纺织品、化妆品等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
可以理解的是，以上关于本发明的具体描述，仅用于说明本发明而并非受限于本发明实施例所描述的技术方案。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，仍然可以对本发明进行修改或等同替换，以达到相同的技术效果；只要满足使用需要，都在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液，其特征在于：其质量配比如下：
氨基硅油20-30份、乳化剂2-8份、软质纳米颗粒乳液3-32份、pH调节剂0.8-1.5份、去离子水50-60份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液，其特征在于：所述乳化剂采用聚氧乙烯醚月桂酸酯、异构十三醇乙氧基化物、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液，其特征在于：所述软质纳米颗粒乳液为聚丙烯酸丁酯乳液(PBA,150nm)、聚丙烯酸丙酯乳液(PPA,120nm)、聚丙烯酸异辛酯乳液(PEHA,170nm)中的至少一种，上述三种乳液的含固量均为30％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液，其特征在于：所述pH调节剂采用醋酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液，其特征在于：所述硅油乳液的制备方法，包括：
将氨基硅油、pH调节剂和去离子水混合加入反应容器中，在室温下以800-1500rpm的转速搅拌10-30min，然后边搅拌边加入软质纳米颗粒乳液和乳化剂，并继续搅拌30-90min，得到乳白色且均匀分散的硅油乳液。
6.如权利要求1-5任一一项所述的软质纳米颗粒稳定的硅油乳液在纺织品整理中的应用。
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