CN113557133A - 传感装置 - Google Patents
传感装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113557133A CN113557133A CN202080018642.8A CN202080018642A CN113557133A CN 113557133 A CN113557133 A CN 113557133A CN 202080018642 A CN202080018642 A CN 202080018642A CN 113557133 A CN113557133 A CN 113557133A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- strain
- glass film
- adhesive layer
- glass
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Images
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Abstract
本发明提供一种虽然使用玻璃材料作为保护材料但并不易妨碍应变传感器的灵敏度、且该玻璃材料不易破损的传感装置。本发明的传感装置具备:光学层叠体,该光学层叠体依次具有玻璃膜、粘接剂层、树脂层和粘合剂层;以及应变检测单元,其中,该玻璃膜的厚度为20μm~150μm。在1个实施方式中,上述应变检测单元配置在上述光学层叠体的上述粘合剂层侧。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及传感装置。
背景技术
近年来,搭载有触摸面板的电子设备逐渐普及。作为这样的电子设备之一,研究了搭载有应变传感器的电子设备,该电子设备中,通过应变传感器检测出触摸位置。
另一方面,多数情况下,电子设备的最表面(触摸面)为了保护设备而配置了保护材料。作为保护材料,使用了玻璃板或塑料板(例如,专利文献1)。特别是,玻璃板由于硬度优异这点是有用的而被大量使用。另外,对于玻璃板,也有使用比通常的玻璃板强度增加的强化玻璃的情况。然而,强化玻璃为了确保强度而有增厚的倾向,如果使用厚的保护材料,则存在使上述应变传感器的灵敏度下降的问题。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2010-164938号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
本发明是为了解决上述现有的问题而提出的,其目的在于提供虽然使用玻璃作为保护材料但不易妨碍传感器的灵敏度、且该玻璃材料不易破损的传感装置。
解决问题的方法
本发明的传感装置具备:光学层叠体,该光学层叠体依次具有玻璃膜、粘接剂层、树脂层和粘合剂层;以及应变检测单元,其中,该玻璃膜的厚度为20μm~150μm。
在1个实施方式中,上述应变检测单元配置在上述光学层叠体的上述粘合剂层侧。
在1个实施方式中,以上述玻璃膜与上述树脂层之间不存在上述粘接剂层以外的层的方式配置有该玻璃膜和该树脂层。
在1个实施方式中,上述树脂层为偏振片。
在1个实施方式中,上述树脂层在23℃下的弹性模量为1GPa~10GPa。
发明的效果
根据本发明,能够提供虽然使用玻璃材料作为保护材料但不易妨碍传感器的灵敏度、且该玻璃材料不易破损的传感装置。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的传感装置的剖面示意图。
符号说明
10 光学层叠体
11 玻璃膜
12 粘接剂层
13 树脂层
20 应变检测单元
100 传感装置
具体实施方式
A.传感装置的整体构成
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的传感装置的剖面示意图。该传感装置100具备光学层叠体10和应变检测单元20,所述光学层叠体10依次具备玻璃膜11、粘接剂层12、树脂层13和粘合剂层14。应变检测单元20配置在光学层叠体10的粘合剂层14侧。玻璃膜11的厚度为20μm~150μm。优选玻璃膜11与树脂层13经由粘接剂层12直接(即,使玻璃膜11与树脂层13之间不存在粘接剂层12以外的层)配置在一起。
光学层叠体10由于具备玻璃膜11,因此其硬度高。在具备本发明的传感装置的电子设备中,光学层叠体11能够以玻璃膜11为最表面的方式配置。如果使用具备玻璃膜11的光学层叠体10,则能够有效地保护具备本发明的传感装置的电子设备。另外,光学层叠体10通过在玻璃膜11的一侧具备树脂层13,能够防止玻璃膜11的破损,抗冲击性及抗穿刺性优异。可认为在本发明中由于施加在玻璃膜表面的冲击能够有效地释放到树脂层13侧,因此如上述那样抗冲击性优异。另外,玻璃膜11具有保护树脂层13的功能。即,在本发明中,玻璃膜10和树脂层13各自相互保护。因此,减少保护用构件成为可能,从而能够得到轻质且薄型的光学层叠体。
进一步地,在本发明中,由于能够采用薄型的玻璃膜11,因此不易妨碍应变检测单元20的检测灵敏度。应变检测单元20具备应变传感器21,应变传感器21在应变检测单元20发生应变时读取变化的电阻值,检测出应变量。实际上,通过从玻璃膜11侧施加的外力,应变检测单元20发生弯曲而检测出应变量。一般而言,假设在2点支撑的样品(玻璃膜)的中央施加外力的情况下,应变量由{(外力)×(支撑点间距离)3}/{48×(样品的弹性模量)×(截面惯性矩)}的算式表示,进而此时的截面惯性矩由{(样品深度)×(样品厚度)3}/12表示,与样品深度的3次方成正比。即,应变量与样品(玻璃膜)的厚度的3次方成反比。在本发明中,通过与树脂层的组合,使用薄型的玻璃膜成为可能,其结果,能够提供不易妨碍应变检测单元的灵敏度的传感装置。
虽然在图中没有示出,但本发明的传感装置只要能够得到本发明的效果,还可以具备任意适当的其它构件。例如,可以在光学层叠体与应变检测单元之间配置液晶单元、有机发光显示器等显示用构件、偏振片等光学膜等。
B.光学层叠体
如上所述,光学层叠体依次具备玻璃膜、粘接剂层、树脂层和粘合剂层。光学层叠体还能够具备其它层。作为其它层,可列举例如:防反射层、防眩层、抗静电层、导电层等。
光学层叠体的厚度优选为60μm~550μm、进一步优选为100μm~300μm。
B-1.玻璃膜
上述玻璃膜可以采用任意适当的玻璃膜。若对上述玻璃膜根据组成分类,则可列举例如:钠钙玻璃、硼酸玻璃、铝硅酸盐玻璃、石英玻璃等。另外,根据碱成分分类的话,可列举例如:无碱玻璃、低碱玻璃等。上述玻璃的碱金属成分(例如,Na2O、K2O、Li2O)的含有量优选为15重量%以下、进一步优选为10重量%以下。
上述玻璃膜的厚度为20μm~150μm、优选为30μm~150μm、更优选为50μm~100μm。如果在这样的范围内,则能够得到柔性优异且玻璃膜不易破裂、生产性优异的光学层叠体。
上述玻璃膜在波长550nm的透光率优选为85%以上。上述玻璃膜在波长550nm的折射率优选为1.4~1.65。
上述玻璃膜的密度优选为2.3g/cm3~3.0g/cm3、进一步优选为2.3g/cm3~2.7g/cm3。如果为上述范围的玻璃膜,则可得到轻质的光学层叠体。
上述玻璃膜的成型方法可以采用任意的适当方法。代表性地,上述玻璃膜如下制作:将含有二氧化硅、氧化铝等的主原料、芒硝、氧化锑等消泡剂、以及碳等还原剂的混合物在1400℃~1600℃的温度下熔融,成型为薄板状后,进行冷却。作为上述玻璃膜的成型方法,可列举例如:狭缝下拉法、溢流法、浮法等。对于通过这些方法成型为板状的玻璃膜而言,为了薄板化或提高平滑度,也可以根据需要通过氢氟酸等溶剂进行化学研磨。
B-2.粘接剂层
在本说明书中,粘接剂层是指能够通过介于物质之间而使物质结合的层。因此,在将粘贴于粘接剂层的被粘附物剥离的情况下,该粘接剂层不具有实用的粘接力。另一方面,粘合剂层是指在常温下具有粘合性,能够通过轻的压力而与被粘附物粘接的物质。因此,在粘贴于粘合剂层的被粘附物剥离的情况下,该粘合剂保持实用的粘合力。在本发明中,通过将玻璃膜和树脂层经由粘接剂层叠,能够有效地保护玻璃膜和树脂层这两者。
上述粘接剂层由任意适当的粘接剂形成。作为粘接剂,可列举例如:聚酯系粘接剂、聚氨酯系粘接剂、聚乙烯醇系粘接剂、环氧系粘接剂。其中,优选环氧系粘接剂,这是由于其能够得到特别良好的密合性。
在1个实施方式中,作为粘接剂,可以使用热固化型、光固化型、湿气固化型等固化型粘接剂。上述粘接剂为热固化型粘接剂的情况下,粘接剂层可以通过加热固化(凝固化)而发挥剥离抵抗力。另外,为紫外线固化型等光固化型粘接剂的情况下,粘接剂层可以通过照射紫外线等的光而固化,从而发挥剥离抵抗力。另外,上述粘接剂为湿气固化型粘接剂的情况下,由于能够与空气中的水分等反应而固化,因此通过放置也能够固化而发挥剥离抵抗力。
上述粘接剂例如可以使用市售的粘接剂,也可以将各种固化型树脂溶解或分散在溶剂中而制备成粘接剂溶液(或分散液)。
上述粘接剂层的厚度优选为0.1μm~30μm、更优选为0.5μm~20μm、进一步优选为1μm~10μm。如果为该范围,则能够得到柔性优异、且抗穿刺性优异的光学层叠体。
上述粘接剂层在23℃下的弹性模量优选为0.5GPa~15GPa、更优选为0.8GPa~10GPa、进一步优选为1GPa~5GPa。如果为该范围,则能够得到柔性优异、且抗穿刺性优异的光学层叠体。在本说明书中,弹性模量可以使用万能试验机以下述条件测定。
<弹性模量测定方法>
测定温度:23℃
样品尺寸:厚度50μm、宽2cm、长15cm
卡盘间距离:10cm
拉伸速度:10mm/min
B-3.树脂层
作为上述树脂层,可列举偏振片、相位差板、各向同性膜、导电膜等。树脂膜可以为单层结构,也可以为多层结构。
作为构成上述树脂层的材料,可以使用任意适当的材料。作为构成上述树脂层的材料,可列举例如:聚烯系树脂、环状烯系树脂、聚碳酸酯系树脂、纤维素系树脂、聚酯系树脂、聚酰胺系树脂、聚酰亚胺系树脂、聚醚系树脂、聚苯乙烯系树脂、(甲基)丙烯酸系树脂、(甲基)丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯系树脂、聚砜系树脂、乙酸酯系树脂、环氧系树脂、有机硅系树脂、聚芳酯系树脂、聚砜系树脂、聚醚酰亚胺系树脂、环氧系树脂、氨基甲酸酯系树脂、有机硅系树脂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)系树脂等。
上述树脂层的厚度优选为5μm~300μm、更优选为30μm~250μm、进一步优选为50μm~200μm、特别优选为50μm~100μm。
上述树脂层在23℃下的弹性模量优选为1GPa~10GPa、更优选为2GPa~7GPa、进一步优选为2GPa~5GPa。如果为这样的范围,则能够得到抗冲击性及抗穿刺型优异的光学层叠体。
B-3-1.偏振片
在1个实施方式中,如上所述,树脂层为偏振片。偏振片具备起偏镜、和至少配置在该起偏镜单侧的保护膜。偏振片的厚度优选为5μm~300μm、更优选为10μm~250μm、进一步优选为25μm~200μm、特别优选为25μm~150μm。
(起偏镜)
上述起偏镜的厚度没有特别限定,可以根据目的采用适当的厚度。作为该厚度,代表性地为1μm~80μm左右。在1个实施方式中,使用薄型的起偏镜,该起偏镜的厚度优选为20μm以下、更优选为15μm以下、进一步优选为10μm以下、特别优选为6μm以下。通过这样地使用薄的起偏镜,可以得到薄型的光学层叠体。
上述起偏镜优选在波长380nm~780nm的任意波长显示出吸收二色性。起偏镜的单体透射率优选为40.0%以上、更优选为41.0%以上、进一步优选为42.0%以上、特别优选为43.0%以上。起偏镜的偏振度优选为99.8%以上、更优选为99.9%以上、进一步优选为99.95%以上。
优选地,上述起偏镜为碘系起偏镜。更详细而言,上述起偏镜可以由含有碘元素的的聚乙烯醇系树脂(以下称作“PVA系树脂”)膜构成。
作为形成上述PVA系树脂膜的PVA系树脂,可以采用任意适当的树脂。可列举例如聚乙烯醇、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物。聚乙烯醇通过聚乙酸乙烯酯皂化而得到。乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物通过将乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物皂化而得到。PVA类树脂的皂化度通常为85摩尔%~100摩尔%、优选为95.0摩尔%~99.95摩尔%、进一步优选为99.0摩尔%~99.93摩尔%。皂化度可以依据JIS K 6726-1994求得。通过使用这样的皂化度的PVA系树脂,能够得到耐久性优异的起偏镜。皂化度过高的情况下,有发生凝胶化的担忧。
PVA类树脂的平均聚合度可以根据目的适当选择。平均聚合度通常为1000~10000、优选为1200~5000、进一步优选为1500~4500。需要说明的是,平均聚合度可以依据JIS K 6726-1994求得。
作为上述起偏镜的制造方法,可列举例如:将单独的PVA系树脂膜进行拉伸、染色的方法(I);将具有树脂基材和聚乙烯醇系树脂层的层叠体(i)进行拉伸、染色的方法(II);等等。方法(I)由于是本领域惯用的方法,因此省略其详细说明。上述制造方法(II)优选包括下述工序:将具有树脂基材和形成在该树脂基材的单侧的聚乙烯醇系树脂层的层叠体(i)进行拉伸、染色,在该树脂基材上制作起偏镜。层叠体(i)可以在树脂基材上涂布含有聚乙烯醇系树脂的涂布液并进行干燥而形成。另外,层叠体(i)也可以将聚乙烯醇系树脂膜转印于树脂基材上而形成。上述制造方法(II)的详细情况例如记载于日本特开2012-73580号公报,该公报作为参考被援引到本说明书中。
(保护膜)
作为上述保护膜,可以使用任意适当的树脂膜。作为形成保护膜的材料,可列举例如:聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)等聚酯系树脂、三乙酸纤维素(TAC)等纤维素系树脂、降冰片烯树脂等环烯烃系树脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯等烯烃系树脂、(甲基)丙烯酸系树脂等。需要说明的是,“(甲基)丙烯酸系树脂”是指丙烯酸系树脂和/或甲基丙烯酸系树脂。
在1个实施方式中,作为上述(甲基)丙烯酸系树脂,可以使用具有戊二酰亚胺结构的(甲基)丙烯酸系树脂。具有戊二酰亚胺结构的(甲基)丙烯酸系树脂(以下也称为戊二酰亚胺树脂)记载于例如日本特开2006-309033号公报、日本特开2006-317560号公报、日本特开2006-328329号公报、日本特开2006-328334号公报、日本特开2006-337491号公报、日本特开2006-337492号公报、日本特开2006-337493号公报、日本特开2006-337569号公报、日本特开2007-009182号公报、日本特开2009-161744号公报、日本特开2010-284840号公报。这些记载作为参考被援引到本说明书中。
上述保护膜与上述起偏镜可以经由任意的粘接剂层叠在一起。在制作起偏镜时使用的树脂基材可以在保护膜与起偏镜层叠之前被剥离,或者也可以在层叠之后被剥离。
上述保护膜的厚度优选为4μm~250μm、更优选为5μm~150μm、进一步优选为10μm~100μm、特别优选为10μm~50μm。
上述保护膜在23℃下的弹性模量优选为1GPa~10GPa、更优选为2GPa~7GPa、进一步优选为2GPa~5GPa。如果为这样的范围,则能够得到抗冲击性及抗穿刺性优异的光学层叠体。
B-4.粘合剂层
上述粘合剂层可以由任意适当的粘合剂形成。作为粘合剂,可使用例如:丙烯酸系聚合物、有机硅系聚合物、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚醚、氟系或橡胶系等的聚合物作为基础聚合物的粘合剂。优选使用丙烯酸系粘合剂,这是由于丙烯酸系粘合剂的光学透明性优异,显示出适度的润湿性、凝聚性和粘接性这样的粘合特性,从而能够具有优异的耐候性、耐热性等。特别优选由碳原子数4~12的丙烯酸系聚合物形成的丙烯酸系粘合剂。
上述粘合剂层的厚度优选为1μm~100μm、更优选为3μm~80μm、进一步优选为3μm~50μm。如果为这样的范围,则能够得到柔性优异、且抗冲击性及抗穿刺性优异的光学层叠体。
上述粘合剂层在23℃下的弹性模量优选为0.00001GPa~10GPa、更优选为0.001GPa~8GPa、进一步优选为0.01GPa~5GPa。如果为这样的范围,则能够得到柔性优异、且抗冲击性及抗穿刺性优异的光学层叠体。
C.应变检测单元
应变检测单元为检测对层叠于该应变检测单元的上述光学层叠体的表面(与应变检测单元相反侧的面)施加的外力所产生的应变的单元。只要具有这样的功能,上述应变检测单元可以为任意适当的构成。
在1个实施方式中,如图1所示那样,应变检测单元20至少具有一个应变传感器21。更详细而言,应变检测单元20具有透明基板22和配置在透明基板22的至少单侧的应变传感器21。在透明基板23的两侧配置应变传感器21的情况下,优选配置于其一面的应变传感器21和配置于其另一面的应变传感器21相互间隔着透明基板23而相对。在透明基板22上,应变传感器21以任意适当的形式配置。应变传感器21例如配置成网格状。
在1个实施方式中,应变传感器包含由透明材料形成的应变仪。应变仪是利用金属材料在压缩/伸展时该金属材料固有的电阻值的变化,检测该电阻值的变化而测定应变的仪器。应变仪可以由纳米网结构、纳米线结构等多个纳米结构形成。作为构成应变仪的材料,优选使用计量率(gauge rate)低的材料。应变计量率是构成应变仪的材料固有的特性,表示该材料对于应变的灵敏度。应变量ε由(电阻变化量/应变仪电阻)/应变计量率的算式表示。计量率越低的材料对于应变的灵敏度越高。作为构成应变仪的材料,可列举例如Cu、Ni、Cr、以及它们的合金等。
虽然在图中没有示出,但应变检测单元可以包含通过布线与应变传感器连接的检测/处理电路。检测/处理电路能够基于来自于检测出应变仪的电阻值变化的应变传感器的信号,将该电阻值变化与在光学层叠体表面施加的外力的大小建立关联。
应变检测单元的详细情况例如记载于美国专利申请公开第2017/0075465号说明书。该公报的全部记载作为参考被援引到本说明书中。
实施例
以下通过实施例对本发明进行具体说明,但本发明不被这些实施例所限定。另外,在实施例中,没有特别明确记载时,“份”和“%”是重量基准。
[制造例1]
(粘接剂的制备)
将环氧系树脂(大赛璐化学工业株式会社制、商品名“CELLOXIDE2021P”)、环氧系树脂(大赛璐化学工业株式会社制、商品名“EHPE3150”)、氧杂环丁烷系树脂(东亚合成株式会社制、商品名“ARONOXETANE OXT-221”)、环氧基末端偶联剂(信越化学工业株式会社制、商品名“KBM-403”)和聚合引发剂(San-Apro株式会社制CPI101A)按照60:10:20:4:2的比例混合,准备了紫外线固化性的粘接剂。
[实施例1]
经由制造例1制备的粘接剂将玻璃膜(日本电气硝子株式会社制、商品名“OA-10G”、厚度:50μm)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜(东丽株式会社制、商品名“Lumirror S10”、厚度:100μm、弹性模量:4GPa)进行了层叠。对得到的层叠体照射紫外线(累计光量:300mJ/cm2),得到了由玻璃膜/粘接剂层(厚度:1μm、弹性模量:1GPa)/树脂层(PET)构成的层叠体A。
在上述层叠体A的树脂层(PET)侧层叠粘合膜(日东电工株式会社制、商品名“LUCIACS CS9861UAS”、粘合层厚度:25μm),得到了层叠体B。
然后,将智能手机(苹果公司制、商品名“i-phone X”)的液晶面板上侧所具有的膜剥离,将上述层叠体B经由粘合层安装到液晶面板。
需要说明的是,弹性模量是使用万能试验机(株式会社岛津制作所制、商品名“AG-IS”)按照以下的条件测定的。
<弹性模量测定方法>
测定温度:23℃
样品尺寸:厚50μm、宽2cm、长15cm
卡盘间距离:10cm
拉伸速度:10mm/min
[实施例2]
除了使玻璃膜的厚度为100μm以外,和实施例1同样地得到了传感装置。
[比较例1]
除了使玻璃膜的厚度为300μm以外,和实施例1同样地得到了传感装置。
[比较例2]
除了使构成层叠体A的粘接剂层为粘合剂层(日东电工株式会社制、商品名“LUCIACS CS9861UAS”、粘合层厚度:25μm)以外,和实施例1同样地得到了传感装置。
<评价>
将实施例及比较例得到的传感装置提供给以下的评价,结果示于表1。
1、灵敏度
用手指按压安装于智能手机的层叠体B的玻璃表面,将显示屏反应的情况设为“○”,将反应延迟或是不反应的情况设为“×”。需要说明的是,为了能够视觉辨认出显示屏画面,简单地将1片偏振片(日东电工株式会社制、商品名“NPF SEG1425DU”)盖在可视侧(玻璃上)进行了确认。
2.抗冲击性
对于安装在智能手机表面的层叠体B的玻璃表面,使100g的铁球自高度50mm落下时,将玻璃膜或显示屏画面不破裂的情况设为“○”,将破裂的情况设为“×”。
[表1]
Claims (5)
1.一种传感装置,其具备:
光学层叠体,该光学层叠体依次具有玻璃膜、粘接剂层、树脂层和粘合剂层;以及
应变检测单元,
其中,
该玻璃膜的厚度为20μm~150μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感装置,其中,所述应变检测单元配置在所述光学层叠体的所述粘合剂层侧。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的传感装置,其中,以所述玻璃膜与所述树脂层之间不存在所述粘接剂层以外的层的方式配置有该玻璃膜和该树脂层。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的传感装置,其中,所述树脂层为偏振片。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的传感装置,其中,所述树脂层在23℃下的弹性模量为1GPa~10GPa。
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