CN113508739A - Organic nutritional type culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Organic nutritional type culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113508739A
CN113508739A CN202110790989.0A CN202110790989A CN113508739A CN 113508739 A CN113508739 A CN 113508739A CN 202110790989 A CN202110790989 A CN 202110790989A CN 113508739 A CN113508739 A CN 113508739A
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China
Prior art keywords
temperature
fermentation
culture medium
population
organic
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Pending
Application number
CN202110790989.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
文洋
陈婧樱子
解方
朱静
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Huzhou Rangzhiwo Biotechnology Co ltd
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Huzhou Rangzhiwo Biotechnology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110790989.0A priority Critical patent/CN113508739A/en
Publication of CN113508739A publication Critical patent/CN113508739A/en
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds

Abstract

The invention relates to a compost and solid soilless culture substrate, belongs to the technical field of bioengineering in the environmental protection field of harmless treatment and resource utilization of organic waste, and particularly relates to a green and environment-friendly full-nutrition soilless culture and seedling culture substrate, which is prepared by the following steps: is prepared by mixing and fermenting microbial cultures and various organic wastes, and the volume percentage is as follows: 20% of microbial culture and 80% of various organic wastes. The nutritional type cultivation seedling-raising medium is simple to manufacture, low in price and free of any artificially synthesized component, and provides a high-activity, high-efficiency and pollution-free soil-fertilizer integrated cultivation carrier for green ecological agricultural production.

Description

Organic nutritional type culture medium and preparation method thereof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of culture substrates, in particular to an organic nutritional culture substrate and a preparation method thereof.
Background art:
the present substrate (solid) used for agricultural soilless culture is formed by mixing non-renewable resources such as peat, perlite and vermiculite with a non-nutrient culture carrier, and after the substrate is used for culturing plants, the nutrients required by the growth of the plants are mainly added with chemical fertilizers.
The natural growth of plants needs a cultivation carrier with an ecological environment balanced in physical, chemical and biological properties, and a large amount of organic wastes need a recycling purpose which can be achieved by full-effective resource utilization.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to solve the problems, the invention provides an organic nutritional type culture medium and a preparation method thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is that the organic nutritional type culture medium comprises 20-25% of microbial culture and 75-80% of various organic wastes in parts by volume.
Preferably, the various organic wastes comprise agricultural wastes, forestry residues, grain processing leftovers, plant extraction residues, biogas residues, garden trimmings and kitchen wastes.
A preparation method of an organic nutrition type culture medium comprises the following steps:
step S1, bacillus, azotobacter population, photosynthetic bacteria population, trichoderma population, saccharomycete population, lactobacillus population, streptomycete population, cellulolytic enzyme, high-temperature actinomycete population and bacteria population are obtained by extracting from cow dung, sheep dung, air and soil, dominant flora with strong activity and organic matter decomposition capacity is obtained by the flora through an orthogonal test and is used as fermentation seeds, the dominant flora is mixed with bran, rapeseed cakes and dry animal dung serving as main materials, brown sugar, trace elements, compound vitamins and amino acids are added, and the mixed crops enter an aerobic fermentation tank through a microorganism culture medium to be subjected to high-temperature fermentation treatment at the temperature of more than 70 ℃ for 20 days to obtain a microorganism culture;
s2, crushing various organic wastes obtained locally to a particle size of less than 1cm by a crusher;
step S3, mixing the microbial culture obtained in the step S1 and the crushed organic waste obtained in the step S2, stacking the mixture in a fermentation tank with the width not less than 4 meters, the length not less than 5 meters and the height not less than 1 meter for fermentation;
s4, statically placing the fermented product in the step S3 for 3 days, detecting the temperature, turning the fermented product to supply oxygen when the temperature is raised to 70 ℃, and allowing the fermented product to enter a heat preservation stage for high-temperature fermentation;
s5, repeatedly turning over the pile and supplying oxygen to keep the fermentation temperature, and continuously reproducing and decomposing organic matters by aerobic bacteria;
and step S6, after the fermentation temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, performing after-ripening management on the fermented product, and when the fermented product is brownish black in appearance, white hyphae are fully distributed in the center of the material, no peculiar smell is generated, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5, indicating that the preparation of the nutritional type culture seedling substrate is finished.
Preferably, the agricultural waste comprises straw and mushroom dregs.
Preferably, the forestry residues include branches, leaves, bark and wood chips.
Preferably, the grain processing leftovers comprise rice chaff, wheat hull, corncob and corn coating.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the nutritional matrix is obtained by mixing and fermenting the extracted microbial culture and various organic wastes, so that the organic wastes can be subjected to full-effect harmless resource treatment, the organic matters are thoroughly decomposed, the stability is high, the culture matrix is rich and comprehensive in nutrition, has high water retention and air permeability, is rich in beneficial microbes, does not carry pathogenic bacteria and eggs, is pollution-free and odor-free, is safe and reliable, and is used as an optimal carrier for soilless culture and seedling culture, and the organic green original-taste agricultural products can be industrially produced in a flow manner without applying inorganic compounds harmful to the environment, such as pesticides, fertilizers and the like.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the organic nutritional type cultivation substrate and the preparation method thereof of the present invention will be further described with reference to the specific embodiments.
Preparing an organic nutritional type culture medium by the following method:
example 1:
step S1, collecting organic wastes such as straws, branches, leaves, barks, sawdust, rice chaff, wheat hulls, corncobs, corn coatings, biogas residues, plant extraction residues, kitchen waste, animal wastes and the like;
step S2, crushing the organic wastes except the animal wastes by a crusher to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 3 cm;
s3, adding 20% of crushed materials based on the volume of the animal wastes, and uniformly mixing the materials with 30% of microbial cultures, wherein the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 50% -60%;
step S4, stacking the mixed materials in a shape like a Chinese character 'duo' with a width of 4 m, a height of more than 1 m and a length of more than 5 m or putting the mixed materials into fermentation equipment for pre-fermentation;
and step S5, measuring the temperature every day and recording the temperature every day on the third day after the pile is built according to the requirements of pre-fermentation management. A multipoint measurement method is adopted during temperature measurement, the thermometer is required to be inserted into a position 50cm away from the material for measurement, and gas supply and oxygen supply are carried out after the temperature reaches more than 70 ℃ and is kept for 3 days;
step S6, after the pre-fermentation is carried out for 7 to 10 days, the high temperature of more than 70 ℃ is kept for secondary fermentation;
and step S7, after the secondary fermentation management of the nutritional culture seedling substrate is required to be built, temperature measurement is carried out every day and recording is carried out. The temperature measurement adopts a multipoint measurement method, and the thermometer is required to be inserted into a position 50cm away from the material for measurement. And when the temperature reaches above 70 ℃ and is kept for 3 days, the treatment of supplying and supplying oxygen is carried out, and thus oxygen is supplied for many times. The temperature required in the whole process is not lower than 70 ℃;
and step S8, detecting that the preparation of the nutritional type culture medium is finished when the appearance of the secondary fermentation product is changed into brownish black, white hypha is fully distributed in the center of the material, no peculiar smell is generated, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5.
Example 2:
step S1, collecting organic wastes such as straws, branches, leaves, barks, sawdust, rice chaff, wheat hulls, corncobs, corn coatings, biogas residues, plant extraction residues, kitchen waste, animal wastes and the like;
step S2, crushing the organic wastes except the animal wastes by a crusher to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 3 cm;
s3, adding 40% of crushed materials based on the volume of the animal wastes, and uniformly mixing the crushed materials with 20% of microbial cultures, wherein the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 50% -60%;
step S4, stacking the mixed materials in a shape like a Chinese character 'duo' with a width of 4 m, a height of more than 1 m and a length of more than 5 m or putting the mixed materials into fermentation equipment for pre-fermentation;
and step S5, measuring the temperature every day and recording the temperature every day on the third day after the pile is built according to the requirements of pre-fermentation management. A multipoint measurement method is adopted during temperature measurement, the thermometer is required to be inserted into a position 50cm away from the material for measurement, and the material is stirred after the temperature reaches more than 70 ℃ and is kept for 3 days;
step S6, after the pre-fermentation is carried out for 7 to 10 days, the high temperature of more than 70 ℃ is kept for secondary fermentation;
and step S7, after the secondary fermentation management of the nutrition type culture seedling substrate requires the stacking, the temperature measurement is carried out every day and the record is made. The temperature measurement adopts a multipoint measurement method, and the thermometer is required to be inserted into a position 50cm away from the material for measurement. And when the temperature reaches more than 70 ℃, keeping for 3 days, stirring the materials, and performing oxygen supply for many times. The temperature required in the whole process is not lower than 70 ℃;
and step S8, detecting that the appearance of the secondary fermentation product is changed into brownish black, white hypha is fully distributed in the center of the material, no peculiar smell is generated, and the pH value is between 6.5 and 7.5, which indicates that the preparation of the nutritional type culture seedling substrate is finished.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An organic nutrition type culture medium is characterized in that: comprises 20-25% of microbial culture and 75-80% of various organic wastes in parts by volume.
2. The organotrophic culture medium of claim 1, further comprising: the various organic wastes comprise agricultural wastes, forestry residues, grain processing leftovers, plant extraction residues, biogas residues, garden trimmings and kitchen wastes.
3. The method for preparing an organic nutritional type culture medium according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, bacillus, azotobacter population, photosynthetic bacteria population, trichoderma population, saccharomycete population, lactobacillus population, streptomycete population, cellulolytic enzyme, high-temperature actinomycete population and bacteria population are obtained by extracting from cow dung, sheep dung, air and soil, dominant flora with strong activity and organic matter decomposition capacity is obtained by the flora through an orthogonal test and is used as fermentation seeds, the dominant flora is mixed with bran, rapeseed cakes and dry animal dung serving as main materials, brown sugar, trace elements, compound vitamins and amino acids are added, and the mixed crops enter an aerobic fermentation tank through a microorganism culture medium to be subjected to high-temperature fermentation treatment at the temperature of more than 70 ℃ for 20 days to obtain a microorganism culture;
s2, crushing various organic wastes obtained locally to a particle size of less than 1cm by a crusher;
step S3, mixing the microbial culture obtained in the step S1 and the crushed organic waste obtained in the step S2, stacking the mixture in a fermentation tank with the width not less than 4 meters, the length not less than 5 meters and the height not less than 1 meter for fermentation;
s4, statically placing the fermented product in the step S3 for 3 days, detecting the temperature, turning the fermented product to supply oxygen when the temperature is raised to 70 ℃, and allowing the fermented product to enter a heat preservation stage for high-temperature fermentation;
s5, repeatedly turning over the pile and supplying oxygen to keep the fermentation temperature, and continuously reproducing and decomposing organic matters by aerobic bacteria;
and step S6, after the fermentation temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, performing after-ripening management on the fermented product, and when the fermented product is brownish black in appearance, white hyphae are fully distributed in the center of the material, no peculiar smell is generated, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5, indicating that the preparation of the nutritional type culture seedling substrate is finished.
4. The organotrophic culture medium of claim 2, further comprising: the agricultural waste comprises straw and mushroom dregs.
5. The organotrophic culture medium of claim 2, further comprising: the forestry residues include branches, leaves, bark and wood chips.
6. The organotrophic culture medium of claim 2, further comprising: the grain processing leftovers comprise rice chaff, wheat husks, corncobs and corn coatings.
CN202110790989.0A 2021-07-13 2021-07-13 Organic nutritional type culture medium and preparation method thereof Pending CN113508739A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114208624A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-22 华中科技大学 Cultivation substrate for greening, light soil for roof greening, preparation method and application
CN114258837A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-04-01 四川农业大学 Pear seedling culture substrate, preparation method thereof and pear seedling culture method
CN114885767A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-08-12 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所 Method for efficiently cultivating suaeda salsa in green in severe saline-alkali soil in southern Xinjiang
CN115710146A (en) * 2022-11-16 2023-02-24 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 Fine-adjustment formula organic fertilizer combination for planting tobacco in viscous red soil

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102491799A (en) * 2011-11-21 2012-06-13 安徽农业大学 Method for preparing agricultural and forestry organic substrate by utilizing abandoned dried bamboo shell
CN107258500A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-10-20 太仓绿丰农业资源开发有限公司 A kind of breeding method of tomato soilless culture substrate
CN108117448A (en) * 2018-01-09 2018-06-05 宁夏回族自治区农垦事业管理局农林牧技术推广服务中心 Vegetable culture medium using agricultural wastes production and preparation method thereof
CN111919709A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-11-13 甘肃省科学院生物研究所 Cow dung basic carrier culture medium containing plant growth-promoting bacteria and preparation method thereof
CN112608196A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-06 重庆市放歌农业科技有限公司 Method for preparing microbial compound organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure residues

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102491799A (en) * 2011-11-21 2012-06-13 安徽农业大学 Method for preparing agricultural and forestry organic substrate by utilizing abandoned dried bamboo shell
CN107258500A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-10-20 太仓绿丰农业资源开发有限公司 A kind of breeding method of tomato soilless culture substrate
CN108117448A (en) * 2018-01-09 2018-06-05 宁夏回族自治区农垦事业管理局农林牧技术推广服务中心 Vegetable culture medium using agricultural wastes production and preparation method thereof
CN111919709A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-11-13 甘肃省科学院生物研究所 Cow dung basic carrier culture medium containing plant growth-promoting bacteria and preparation method thereof
CN112608196A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-06 重庆市放歌农业科技有限公司 Method for preparing microbial compound organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure residues

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114208624A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-22 华中科技大学 Cultivation substrate for greening, light soil for roof greening, preparation method and application
CN114258837A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-04-01 四川农业大学 Pear seedling culture substrate, preparation method thereof and pear seedling culture method
CN114885767A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-08-12 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所 Method for efficiently cultivating suaeda salsa in green in severe saline-alkali soil in southern Xinjiang
CN115710146A (en) * 2022-11-16 2023-02-24 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 Fine-adjustment formula organic fertilizer combination for planting tobacco in viscous red soil

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Application publication date: 20211019