CN113493355A - Preparation method of organic compound fertilizer capable of increasing content of calcium and magnesium elements - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic compound fertilizer capable of increasing content of calcium and magnesium elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN113493355A CN113493355A CN202010265174.6A CN202010265174A CN113493355A CN 113493355 A CN113493355 A CN 113493355A CN 202010265174 A CN202010265174 A CN 202010265174A CN 113493355 A CN113493355 A CN 113493355A
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of calcium and magnesium elements, which comprises the following steps: selecting a dry and solid ground, leveling and tamping, digging a fertilizer pit on the tamped ground, cutting straws (wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws) and the like to be 3cm in length, wetting the straws with water, mixing weeds and leaves to form a bottom fertilizer layer, and paving the bottom fertilizer layer for 30-40 cm; placing wheat straws, corn stalks or rice straws on the surface of a base fertilizer layer laid on the bottom layer of the fertilizer retting pit, then laying a bean dreg cake, an industrial vinasse cake and a separation layer in sequence, sealing the layer after the fertilizer retting pit is fully piled up, pulling out a wooden stick or straws at the cross position of the cross ditch to form an air duct after 2-3 days, and then standing for 15-20 days; then adding ammonia to neutralize the bean dreg solution until the pH value is 5.3-7.0, so as to form a compound fertilizer intermediate; adding auxiliary materials into the compound fertilizer intermediate, mixing and dissolving, filtering, and preparing the filtrate into the compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer prepared by the preparation method has high content of calcium and magnesium elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer, in particular to a preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of calcium and magnesium elements, belonging to the technical field of application of preparation methods of organic compound fertilizers.
Background
China has wide range of members and many types of soil. Most of the soil below Yangtze river shows the deficiency of calcium and magnesium to different degrees due to large rainfall and strong eluviation. Calcium and magnesium are nutrient elements with more plant growth demands, plant immunity is reduced and diseases are easily caused when the nutrient elements are lacked, yield reduction and quality reduction of crops are caused, particularly soil calcium and magnesium are lacked, soil acidification is caused, a series of secondary soil problems are generated, and the soil acidification problem caused by continuous high-strength planting of greenhouse vegetables in northern China in recent years is related to calcium and magnesium loss.
The traditional organic compound fertilizer also contains calcium and magnesium elements, but the calcium and magnesium elements in the traditional organic compound fertilizer are not high enough, so that the situation is difficult to relieve. Therefore, the preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of calcium and magnesium elements is provided aiming at the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of calcium and magnesium elements.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme, and provides a preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of calcium and magnesium elements, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting dry and firm ground, leveling and tamping, digging a compost pit on the tamped ground, piling the dug soil to form a soil enclosure, digging a cross-shaped ventilation ditch between the bottom of the pit and the four pit walls, leading the pit to the ground along the pit walls, opening the pit, paving wood boards on the bottom of the pit, the four pit walls and the ventilation ditch, and erecting wood sticks or straws at the cross position of the cross-shaped ditch;
s2, forming a plurality of vent holes in the wood board, wherein the diameter of each vent hole is one fourth of the width of the wood board, erecting straws or branches on the vent grooves to ensure the smoothness of the vent grooves, then cutting the straws (wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws) to 3cm in length, wetting the cut straws with water, mixing weeds and leaves to form a base fertilizer layer, and paving the base fertilizer layer for 30-40 cm;
s3, placing wheat straws, corn stalks or rice straws on the surface of a base fertilizer layer laid on the bottom layer of the fertilizer retting pit, placing bean dreg cakes and industrial vinasse cakes on the wheat straws, the corn stalks or the rice straws, then laying the wheat straws, the corn stalks or the rice straws on the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes again to form a separation layer, then laying the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes again on the basis of the separation layer, and so on, laying the separation layer, the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes layer by layer;
s4, after the composting pit is fully piled, paving a layer of plastic film on the top layer, then pasting a layer of clay or thin mud with the thickness of 3-6cm on the plastic film, after 2-3 d, erecting wood sticks or pulling out straws at the cross of the cross ditch to form an air duct, and then standing for 15-20 d;
s5, taking out the bean dregs in the retting fertilizer pit after standing, then putting the fermented bean dregs cake and the industrial vinasse cake into a stirrer for stirring, then adding clean water, wherein the proportion of the clean water is 20% -30% of the total amount of the bean dregs, then adding ammonia to neutralize the bean dregs solution until the pH value is 5.3-7.0, and forming a compound fertilizer intermediate;
s6, adding urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphorus nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or ammonia water into the compound fertilizer intermediate prepared in the S5, mixing and dissolving, filtering, and preparing the filtrate into the compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the pit in S1 is a square or circular pit having a depth of 3 to 5 feet and a length and width of 6 to 10 feet, and in the digging, a plurality of pores are formed in the bottom and side walls of the pit by a rake.
Preferably, in the process of laying the bean dreg cake, the industrial distiller 'S grains cake and the separating layer in the step S3, one or more of shaddock peel, orange peel and orange peel are added, the shaddock peel, the orange peel and the orange peel are all fresh fruit peels and are soaked in water, in the laying process, one layer of water is sprayed on the surface of the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller' S grains cake in each layer, and the total water is added by about 45-55% so as not to flow out.
Preferably, the plastic film in S4 is a plastic film with a plurality of vent holes, and the plastic film overlaps the separation layer.
Preferably, in the process of taking out the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake in S5, after the plastic film is lifted, the plastic film is cleaned and dried for the next use, the taken out bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake are collected together, then half of the wheat straws, the corn straws or the straws in the separation layer are cut into particles by a cutting device, and the particles are put into the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake together for stirring, and simultaneously, the powder ground by shells is put into the separation layer.
Preferably, the ratio of urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphate nitrate and potassium sulfate in S6 is 2: 2:3:3.
Preferably, the okara is a by-product in the process of producing soymilk or tofu, and the okara is kneaded into a cake-like structure to constitute okara cakes and industrial distillers' grains cakes.
Preferably, the vent grooves each have a depth of 15 to 20cm and are filled with fungi for promoting fermentation in water used for soaking wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws in S2.
Preferably, the thickness of the separation layer is 10-15 cm.
Preferably, the urea is an organic compound consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, is a white crystal and is a main nitrogen-containing end product of protein metabolic decomposition in mammals and certain fishes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer takes the retted fertilizers of the bean dreg cake and the industrial vinasse cake as intermediates, and then takes the bean dreg cake and the industrial vinasse cake as intermediates to prepare the organic compound fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of calcium and magnesium elements comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting dry and firm ground, leveling and tamping, digging a compost pit on the tamped ground, piling the dug soil to form a soil enclosure, digging a cross-shaped ventilation ditch between the bottom of the pit and the four pit walls, leading the pit to the ground along the pit walls, opening the pit, paving wood boards on the bottom of the pit, the four pit walls and the ventilation ditch, and erecting wood sticks or straws at the cross position of the cross-shaped ditch;
s2, forming a plurality of vent holes in the wood board, wherein the diameter of each vent hole is one fourth of the width of the wood board, erecting straws or branches on the vent grooves to ensure the smoothness of the vent grooves, then cutting the straws (wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws) to 3cm in length, wetting the straws with water, mixing weeds and leaves to form a base fertilizer layer, and paving the base fertilizer layer for 30 cm;
s3, placing wheat straws, corn stalks or rice straws on the surface of a base fertilizer layer laid on the bottom layer of the fertilizer retting pit, placing bean dreg cakes and industrial vinasse cakes on the wheat straws, the corn stalks or the rice straws, then laying the wheat straws, the corn stalks or the rice straws on the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes again to form a separation layer, then laying the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes again on the basis of the separation layer, and so on, laying the separation layer, the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes layer by layer;
s4, after the composting pit is fully piled, paving a layer of plastic film on the top layer, then pasting a layer of clay or thin mud with the thickness of 3-6cm on the plastic film, pulling out a wooden stick or straw at the cross position of the cross ditch after 2d to form an air passage, and then standing for 15 d;
s5, taking out the bean dregs in the retting fertilizer pit after standing, then putting the fermented bean dregs cake and the industrial vinasse cake into a stirrer for stirring, then adding clean water, wherein the proportion of the clean water is 20% -30% of the total amount of the bean dregs, then adding ammonia to neutralize the bean dregs solution until the pH value is 5.3-7.0, and forming a compound fertilizer intermediate;
s6, adding urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphorus nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or ammonia water into the compound fertilizer intermediate prepared in the S5, mixing and dissolving, filtering, and preparing the filtrate into the compound fertilizer.
Further, the pit in S1 is a square or circular pit having a depth of 3 feet and a length and a width of 6 feet, and in the pit digging structure, a plurality of fine holes are formed in the bottom and the side wall of the pit by a rake.
Further, in the process of paving the bean dreg cake, the industrial distiller 'S grain cake and the separating layer in the S3, one or more of shaddock peel, orange peel and orange peel are added, the shaddock peel, the orange peel and the orange peel are all fresh fruit peels and are soaked in water, in the paving process, one layer of water is added to the surface of the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller' S grain cake in each layer, and the total water is added by about 45% -55% so as not to flow out.
Further, the plastic film in S4 is a plastic film with a plurality of vent holes, and the plastic film is overlapped on the separation layer.
Further, in the process of taking out the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake in the step S5, after the plastic film is lifted, the plastic film is cleaned and dried for the next use, the taken out bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake are collected together, then half of the wheat straws, the corn straws or the rice straws in the separation layer are cut into particles by a cutting device, and the particles are put into the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake to be stirred together, and simultaneously the powder ground by shells is put into the particles.
Further, the ratio of urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphate nitrate and potassium sulfate in the S6 is 2: 2:3:3.
Preferably, the okara is a by-product in the process of producing soymilk or tofu, and the okara is kneaded into a cake-like structure to constitute okara cakes and industrial distillers' grains cakes.
Further, the vent grooves were each 15cm in depth and width, and fungi for promoting fermentation were added to water used for soaking wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws in S2.
Further, the thickness of the separation layer is 10 cm.
Further, the urea is an organic compound consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, is a white crystal and is a main nitrogen-containing end product of protein metabolic decomposition in mammals and certain fishes.
The preparation method is suitable for preparing the small-batch organic compound fertilizer.
Example two:
a preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of calcium and magnesium elements comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting dry and firm ground, leveling and tamping, digging a compost pit on the tamped ground, piling the dug soil to form a soil enclosure, digging a cross-shaped ventilation ditch between the bottom of the pit and the four pit walls, leading the pit to the ground along the pit walls, opening the pit, paving wood boards on the bottom of the pit, the four pit walls and the ventilation ditch, and erecting wood sticks or straws at the cross position of the cross-shaped ditch;
s2, forming a plurality of vent holes in the wood board, wherein the diameter of each vent hole is one fourth of the width of the wood board, erecting straws or branches on the vent grooves to ensure the smoothness of the vent grooves, then cutting the straws (wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws) to 3cm in length, wetting the straws with water, mixing weeds and leaves to form a base fertilizer layer, and paving the base fertilizer layer for 40 cm;
s3, placing wheat straws, corn stalks or rice straws on the surface of a base fertilizer layer laid on the bottom layer of the fertilizer retting pit, placing bean dreg cakes and industrial vinasse cakes on the wheat straws, the corn stalks or the rice straws, then laying the wheat straws, the corn stalks or the rice straws on the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes again to form a separation layer, then laying the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes again on the basis of the separation layer, and so on, laying the separation layer, the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes layer by layer;
s4, after the composting pit is fully piled, paving a layer of plastic film on the top layer, then pasting a layer of clay or thin mud with the thickness of 6cm on the plastic film, after 3d, pulling out a wooden stick or straw at the cross position of the cross ditch to form an air through passage, and then standing for 20 d;
s5, taking out the bean dregs in the retting fertilizer pit after standing, then putting the fermented bean dregs cake and the industrial vinasse cake into a stirrer for stirring, then adding clean water, wherein the proportion of the clean water is 20% -30% of the total amount of the bean dregs, then adding ammonia to neutralize the bean dregs solution until the pH value is 5.3-7.0, and forming a compound fertilizer intermediate;
s6, adding urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphorus nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or ammonia water into the compound fertilizer intermediate prepared in the S5, mixing and dissolving, filtering, and preparing the filtrate into the compound fertilizer.
Further, the pit in S1 is a square or circular pit having a depth of 5 feet and a length and a width of 10 feet, and in the pit digging structure, a plurality of fine holes are formed in the bottom and the side wall of the pit by a rake.
Further, in the process of paving the bean dreg cake, the industrial distiller 'S grain cake and the separating layer in the S3, one or more of shaddock peel, orange peel and orange peel are added, the shaddock peel, the orange peel and the orange peel are all fresh fruit peels and are soaked in water, in the paving process, one layer of water is added to the surface of the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller' S grain cake in each layer, and the total water is added by about 45% -55% so as not to flow out.
Further, the plastic film in S4 is a plastic film with a plurality of vent holes, and the plastic film is overlapped on the separation layer.
Further, in the process of taking out the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake in the step S5, after the plastic film is lifted, the plastic film is cleaned and dried for the next use, the taken out bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake are collected together, then half of the wheat straws, the corn straws or the rice straws in the separation layer are cut into particles by a cutting device, and the particles are put into the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller ' S grains cake to be stirred together, and simultaneously the powder ground by shells is put into the particles.
Further, the ratio of urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphate nitrate and potassium sulfate in the S6 is 2: 2:3:3.
Preferably, the okara is a by-product in the process of producing soymilk or tofu, and the okara is kneaded into a cake-like structure to constitute okara cakes and industrial distillers' grains cakes.
Further, the aeration grooves each have a depth and width of 20cm, and bacteria for promoting fermentation are added to water used for soaking wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws in S2.
Further, the thickness of the separation layer is 15 cm.
Further, the urea is an organic compound consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, is a white crystal and is a main nitrogen-containing end product of protein metabolic decomposition in mammals and certain fishes.
The preparation method is suitable for preparing large-batch organic compound fertilizer.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description of the embodiments is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should make the description as a whole, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of calcium and magnesium elements is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting dry and firm ground, leveling and tamping, digging a compost pit on the tamped ground, piling the dug soil to form a soil enclosure, digging a cross-shaped ventilation ditch between the bottom of the pit and the four pit walls, leading the pit to the ground along the pit walls, opening the pit, paving wood boards on the bottom of the pit, the four pit walls and the ventilation ditch, and erecting wood sticks or straws at the cross position of the cross-shaped ditch;
s2, forming a plurality of vent holes in the wood board, wherein the diameter of each vent hole is one fourth of the width of the wood board, erecting straws or branches on the vent grooves to ensure the smoothness of the vent grooves, then cutting the straws (wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws) to 3cm in length, wetting the cut straws with water, mixing weeds and leaves to form a bottom fertilizer layer, and paving the bottom fertilizer layer for 30-40 cm;
s3, placing wheat straws, corn stalks or rice straws on the surface of a base fertilizer layer laid on the bottom layer of the fertilizer retting pit, placing bean dreg cakes and industrial vinasse cakes on the wheat straws, the corn stalks or the rice straws, then laying the wheat straws, the corn stalks or the rice straws on the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes again to form a separation layer, then laying the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes again on the basis of the separation layer, and so on, laying the separation layer, the bean dreg cakes and the industrial vinasse cakes layer by layer;
s4, after the composting pit is fully piled, paving a layer of plastic film on the top layer, then pasting a layer of clay or thin mud with the thickness of 3-6cm on the plastic film, pulling out a wood stick or straw at the cross of the cross ditch after 2-3 d to form an air duct, and then standing for 15-20 d;
s5, taking out the bean dregs in the retting fertilizer pit after standing, then putting the fermented bean dregs cake and the industrial vinasse cake into a stirrer for stirring, then adding clean water, wherein the proportion of the clean water is 20% -30% of the total amount of the bean dregs, and then adding ammonia to neutralize the bean dregs solution until the pH value is 5.3-7.0 to form a compound fertilizer intermediate;
s6, adding urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphorus nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride or ammonia water into the compound fertilizer intermediate prepared in the S5, mixing and dissolving, filtering, and preparing the filtrate into the compound fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pit in the S1 is a square or round pit with the depth of 3-5 feet and the length and width of 6-10 feet respectively, and in the pit digging structure, a plurality of fine holes are pricked on the bottom of the pit and the side wall of the pit by utilizing a rake.
3. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the process of laying the bean dreg cake, the industrial distiller 'S grain cake and the separating layer in the S3, one or more of shaddock peel, orange peel and orange peel are added, the shaddock peel, the orange peel and the orange peel are all fresh fruit peels and are soaked in water, in the laying process, one layer of water is added to the surface of the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller' S grain cake in each layer, and the total water is added by about 45-55% so as not to flow out.
4. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the plastic film in the step S4 is a plastic film with a plurality of vent holes, and the plastic film is lapped on the separation layer.
5. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the process of taking out the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller 'S grains cake in the S5, after the plastic film is lifted, the plastic film is cleaned and dried for the next use, the taken out bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller' S grains cake are collected together, then half of the wheat straws, the corn straws or the straws in the separating layer are cut into particles by a cutting device, and the particles are put into the bean dreg cake and the industrial distiller 'S grains cake to be stirred together, and simultaneously the powder of shells is put into the separating layer and the industrial distiller' S grains cake to be ground into powder.
6. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and the proportions of the urea, the potassium nitrate, the ammonium phosphate nitrate and the potassium sulfate in the S6 are sequentially 2: 2:3:3.
7. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the bean dregs are the by-product in the process of producing bean milk or bean curd, and the bean dregs are kneaded into cake-shaped structure to form bean dregs cake and industrial distiller's grains cake.
8. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the depth and width of the vent ditch are respectively 15-20cm, and fungi for promoting fermentation are added into water for soaking wheat straws, corn straws and rice straws in S2.
9. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the thickness of the separation layer is 10-15 cm.
10. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer capable of improving the content of the calcium and the magnesium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the urea is an organic compound consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, is a white crystal and is a main nitrogen-containing end product of protein metabolic decomposition in mammals and certain fishes.
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