CN113462410A - Infrared rapid heating medical waste's pyrolysis polygeneration system - Google Patents
Infrared rapid heating medical waste's pyrolysis polygeneration system Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
- B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
- C10B39/04—Wet quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B43/00—Preventing or removing incrustations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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Abstract
A pyrolysis poly-generation system for infrared rapid heating of medical waste comprises a gas supply system, a pyrolysis system and a product separation and purification system. The gas supply system creates an inert environment and provides carrier gas and hydrogen-containing water vapor; the rotating device of the rotary furnace in the pyrolysis system realizes full drying and mixing of reactant particles, the upward reaction tube realizes infrared rapid heating of the reactants, the co-pyrolysis synergistic effect of biomass, plastics and externally added biomass in medical wastes is realized, and the corrosivity of chlorine-containing volatile components to equipment can be reduced; the product separation and purification system effectively separates gas and liquid products and can reduce dust particles in the gas and liquid products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pyrolysis poly-generation system for infrared rapid heating of medical wastes, which is suitable for co-pyrolysis and single pyrolysis of the medical wastes under different conditions and belongs to the technical field of renewable energy sources.
Background
The usage amount of disposable medical wastes such as syringes, test tubes, infusion sets, masks, sterilized cotton and the like increases year by year along with the increase of the pressure of a medical health system, the annual output is huge, a large amount of viruses are carried, the treatment is difficult, and the harmless treatment is usually carried out at high cost. Pyrolysis is a relatively mature energy conversion process, and can crack medical wastes at high temperature to generate three-phase products such as tar, semicoke, pyrolysis gas and the like. The medical wastes such as syringes, test tubes, transfusion systems and the like belong to plastic products and are hydrogen-rich materials, and the pyrolyzed tar contains a large amount of alkane and olefin, and can be used as a raw material for chemical production or prepared into liquid fuel for replacing petroleum after being processed. In the traditional plastic pyrolysis, corrosive volatile gas is easily formed, so that the long-time work of equipment and pipelines in a pyrolysis system is not facilitated; for example, PVC plastics are pyrolyzed to generate corrosive gases containing chlorine, which poses a certain threat to pyrolysis systems and workers. Mask and sterilized cotton in medical waste belong to biomass materials, and the oxygen content in pyrolytic tar is high when the pyrolytic tar is independently pyrolyzed, so that the oil product of the pyrolytic tar is low. However, researches indicate that alkali metals such as K, Ca, Na, Mg and the like in biomass have the effect of solid Cl and the effect of catalyzing the pyrolysis of plastics, so that the pyrolysis of medical wastes comprises the co-pyrolysis of the biomass and the plastics, and the defects of the two materials are compensated in raw materials. However, the content of biomass and plastic in the medical waste is not fixed, and it cannot be guaranteed that the alkali metal in the biomass can sufficiently inhibit the release of corrosive volatile components when the medical waste is pyrolyzed, so that the biomass needs to be added to participate in the pyrolysis of the medical waste.
Straw waste in agricultural wastes belongs to biomass resources, but the main disposal mode is to leave unused on site or send the waste into a garbage disposal plant for incineration, so that the environment is polluted and a large amount of resources are wasted. And the clean utilization of the biomass resources can be realized by pyrolysis, and three-phase products such as bio-oil, pyrolysis gas, biological coke and the like are generated. The biological oil can be used for producing fuel oil after being treated, has the characteristic of carbon neutrality, can replace petroleum to a certain extent, and reduces the pollution of fossil fuel to the environment. However, the biomass contains more oxygen and alkali metal minerals, which seriously affect the quality of pyrolysis oil of the biomass, and an upgrading process for hydrodeoxygenation of straw bio-oil needs to be performed at extra cost. Thus, in combination with the problems associated with pyrolysis of medical waste as described above, co-pyrolysis of medical waste with the addition of biomass additives may produce a synergistic effect through elemental differences. Namely, the hydrogen of the plastic in the medical waste can deoxidize and upgrade the biological oil of the biomass, and the alkali metal in the biomass can fix the chlorine of the PVC plastic in the medical waste or other corrosive substances of the plastic, thereby obtaining high-quality and high-yield biological oil resources on the basis of saving cost input and realizing the clean utilization of the medical waste and the agricultural waste.
In the conventional pyrolysis technology, the research on the reaction device for co-pyrolysis of waste plastics and biomass is less, and the heating rate is lower in the electric heating pyrolysis device such as a tubular furnace in most laboratories. Due to the large pyrolysis temperature interval of biomass and plastic, slow heating can extend this drawback without taking advantage of the synergy of the two. Rapid heating can alleviate this disadvantage, but electrical heating typically involves heating the reactor first and then transferring heat to the reactants, with some temperature hysteresis, resulting in more severe secondary reactions that degrade bio-oil quality. The infrared heating is realized by directly acting infrared light waves on reactants, so that the integral rapid temperature rise of the reactants can be realized, and the secondary reaction in the rapid heating of an electric furnace is greatly reduced. However, the straw biomass contains a large amount of moisture, and the infrared pyrolysis directly causes no comparative energy waste due to the water evaporation process of the raw material, so that the combination of electric heating and infrared heating can be combined from the perspective of energy conservation and synergistic effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pyrolysis poly-generation system for infrared rapid heating of medical wastes, which combines the advantages of indirect pyrolysis and direct pyrolysis processes to solve the problems in the background.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the scheme that: the utility model provides a pyrolysis poly generation system of infrared rapid heating medical waste, constitutes the component and includes gas supply system, pyrolysis system and result separation clean system, and the concrete structure and the relation of connection of component are:
the gas supply system comprises a gas cylinder, a safety valve, a gas mass flowmeter, a gas heating device, a gas mixing and heating device, a steam generating device, a stainless steel water pipe, a liquid flowmeter and a water tank, wherein the gas cylinder, the safety valve, the gas mass flowmeter and the gas heating device are connected by rubber pipes;
the pyrolysis system consists of a storage bin, a motor, a conveyor belt, a crushing device, a rotary furnace, an electric furnace, an infrared heating pipe, an uplink reaction pipe, an air inlet connecting pipe and a water-cooling coke quenching box, wherein the storage bin is filled with medical waste and biomass additives, the conveyor belt, the crushing device and the rotary furnace are driven by the motor, an upper material outlet of the conveyor belt is connected with an upper feed inlet of the crushing device through a stainless steel pipe, the rotary furnace heats reactants through the electric furnace, the uplink reaction pipe heats the reactants through the infrared heating pipe in an infrared mode, and an upper right air outlet of the uplink reaction pipe is connected with an air inlet of a folded plate dust remover of the product separation and purification system;
the product separation and purification system comprises a folded plate dust collector, a cyclone separator, an ash box, a first condenser, a second condenser, a first tar collecting bottle, a second tar collecting bottle, a water bath heat retainer, a gas cleaning and drying device, a vacuum pump, a pressure gauge and an online gas chromatograph, wherein the folded plate dust collector enables pyrolysis atmosphere to perform primary gas-solid separation, the cyclone separator enables the pyrolysis atmosphere to perform secondary gas-solid separation, condensate used by the first condenser is-40 ℃ ethylene glycol aqueous solution, the first condenser enables the pyrolysis atmosphere to perform primary gas-liquid separation, the condensate used by the second condenser is 1 ℃ water, the second condenser is used for enabling the pyrolysis atmosphere to perform secondary gas-liquid separation, the first tar collecting bottle and the second tar collecting bottle are used for collecting tar and wax after primary gas-liquid separation and secondary gas-liquid separation, and the water bath heat retainer is used for preserving the first tar collecting bottle, the second tar collecting bottle, The water bath heat retainer's rivers are to the water tank, and gaseous clean drying device is connected to the gas outlet of second tar collecting bottle, and the air inlet of vacuum pump is connected to gaseous clean drying device's gas outlet, and the air inlet of manometer is connected to the gas outlet of vacuum pump, the manometer is connected with online gas chromatograph.
The reaction in the pyrolysis system is a co-pyrolysis reaction of biomass and plastic in the medical waste or a co-pyrolysis reaction of the medical waste and the biomass additive.
The number of the gas cylinders in the gas supply system is three, and N is respectively arranged2、CO、CO2Inert gas, rubber tube internal diameter among the gas supply system is 6mm, the internal diameter of the stainless steel water pipe among the gas supply system is 12mm for liquid water flows, with 304 stainless steel pipe among the gas supply system is not same component, the internal diameter of 304 stainless steel pipe among the gas supply system is 6mm for gaseous matter flows.
Feed bin in the material pyrolysis system is equipped with two, is equipped with medical waste, living beings addition material respectively, 304 stainless steel pipe internal diameter between the upper portion material export of the conveyer belt in the pyrolysis system and breaker's the upper portion feed inlet is 20mm, 304 stainless steel pipe internal diameter that the takeover of admitting air in the pyrolysis system is connected with gas supply system is 6mm, and is unanimous with 304 stainless steel pipe in the gas supply system.
The hot water of the water bath heat retainer comes from a water-cooling coke quenching tank.
The water circulation of the water bath heat retainer, the water cooling coke quenching box and the water tank is realized by an external water pump.
All gas pipelines in the product separation and purification system are 304 stainless steel pipes with the inner diameter of 6mm if no specific description is provided.
The steam generating device and the water tank in the gas supply system provide hydrogen atoms for the pyrolysis system.
The infrared heating pipe directly acts on reactants in the ascending reaction pipe through infrared light waves, and high-temperature and high-speed carrier gas emitted from the gas inlet connecting pipe connected with the gas supply system prolongs the retention time of the reactants in the ascending reaction pipe.
The pyrolysis system combines electric furnace indirect heating and infrared direct heating, and the whole system promotes the synergistic effect of the co-pyrolysis of the medical wastes under the combined action of various conditions.
The main function of the gas supply system is to create an inert environment, provide carrier gas to blow out pyrolysis atmosphere and make the reaction in the pyrolysis system more sufficient.
The primary function of the pyrolysis system is to continuously feed, thoroughly dry, and pyrolyze the reactants.
The main function of the product separation and purification system is to separate gas and liquid products in the pyrolysis atmosphere, purify the gas products and analyze the composition of the gas in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the rotary kiln carries out the reactant dehydration of earlier stage, the drying through the electric stove heating, slewer in the motor drive rotary kiln makes the dehydration, it is more abundant to dry, the electric heating has saved the energy consumption of infrared heating on the dehydration, infrared heating pipe has then realized the rapid heating up of medical waste through infrared light wave, reduce the suppression of both pyrolysis difference in temperature to the pyrolysis synergism altogether, the last dwell time that has prolonged medical waste in the reaction tube that goes upward of carrier gas, make the infrared rapid heating of medical waste more abundant.
2. The gas cylinder in the gas supply system can select corresponding carrier gas according to the experimental requirements, so that an inert atmosphere is created, in addition, the gas supply system can also provide high-temperature water vapor, a large amount of hydrogen atoms are provided for the co-pyrolysis of medical wastes, the synergistic effect of the co-pyrolysis is further promoted, and in addition, the alkali metal in the biomass can also further reduce the damage of corrosive atmosphere in plastics such as PVC and the like to equipment.
3. Folded plate dust remover and cyclone in the product separation clean system combine to realize pyrolysis atmosphere's one, secondary gas-solid separation, reduce the dust content in final pyrolysis oil, the gas, water tank, water-cooling coke quenching case and water bath heat retainer three water UNICOM realize the cyclic utilization of heat and water resource, condensation I, condensation II adopt different condensate to reduce the condensation and escape, and online gas chromatograph analyzes gaseous composition in real time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pyrolytic poly-generation system for infrared rapid heating of medical waste according to the present invention.
Labeled as: the system comprises a gas supply system 1, a gas bottle 101, a safety valve 102, a gas mass flow meter 103, a gas heating device 104, a gas mixing and heating device 105, a water vapor generating device 106, a stainless steel water pipe 107, a liquid flow meter 108, a water tank 109, a pyrolysis system 2, a storage bin 201, a first motor 2021, a second motor 2022, a third motor 2023, a conveyor belt 203, a crushing device 204, a rotary kiln 205, an electric furnace 206, an infrared heating pipe 207, an ascending reaction pipe 208, an air inlet connecting pipe 209, a water-cooling coke quenching box 210, a product separation and purification system 3, a folded plate deduster 301, a cyclone separator 302, an ash box 303, a first condenser 304, a second condenser 305, a first tar collecting bottle 3061, a second tar collecting bottle 3062, a water bath heat retainer 307, a gas cleaning and drying device 308, a vacuum pump 309, a pressure gauge 310 and an online gas chromatograph 311.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically defined or limited, the terms "mounted," "riveted," "externally connected," "connected," and the like in the description of the invention are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," either fixedly or movably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or communicating between two elements, as the terms are specifically understood by those skilled in the art.
As shown in FIG. 1, the infrared rapid heating medical waste pyrolysis poly-generation system comprises a gas supply system 1, a pyrolysis system 2 and a product separation and purification system 3. The concrete structure and the connection relation of the component members are as follows:
the gas supply system 1 comprises a gas bottle 101, a safety valve 102, a gas mass flow meter 103, a gas heating device 104, a gas mixing and heating device 105, a steam generating device 106, a stainless steel water pipe 107 and a liquid flow rateA meter 108 and a water tank 109. The gas type of the gas bottle 101 is mainly CO and CO2、N2Inert gases are not fixed and can be freely selected, the gases can be mixed or single gases according to the types of experimental raw materials, the safety valve 102 is installed on the gas outlet of the gas bottle 101, the safety valve 102 is connected with the gas inlet of the gas mass flow meter 103 through a rubber pipe with the inner diameter of 6mm, the gas outlet of the gas mass flow meter 103 is connected with the gas inlet of the gas heating device 104 through a rubber pipe with the inner diameter of 6mm, the preset temperature of the gas heating device 104 is 105 ℃, the water tank 109 is filled with a certain amount of tap water, the lower water outlet of the water tank 109 is connected with the water inlet of the liquid flow meter 108, the water outlet of the liquid flow meter 108 is provided with a stainless steel water pipe 107 with the caliber of 12mm, the other end of the stainless steel water pipe 107 is connected with a water vapor generating device 106, the water vapor generating device 106 and the gas heating device 104 are jointly connected with the gas inlet of the gas mixing and heating device 105 through a 304 stainless steel pipe with the inner diameter of 6mm, the gas outlet of the gas mixing and heating device 105 is respectively connected with the storage bin 201 and the gas inlet connecting pipe 209 of the pyrolysis system 2.
The pyrolysis system 2 comprises a storage bin 201, a first motor 2021, a second motor 2022, a third motor 2023, a conveyor belt 203, a crushing device 204, a rotary kiln 205, an electric furnace 206, an infrared heating pipe 207, an ascending reaction pipe 208, an air inlet connecting pipe 209 and a water-cooling coke quenching box 210, wherein an air inlet at the upper part of the storage bin 201 is connected with the air supply system 1, the storage bin 201 is provided with two storage bins which are respectively filled with medical waste and biomass reactants, a material outlet at the lower part of the storage bin 201 is riveted with a material inlet at the lower part of the conveyor belt 203, the first motor 2021 drives the conveyor belt 203 to operate, a material outlet at the upper part of the conveyor belt 203 is connected with an upper part feeding hole of the crushing device 204 through a 20mm 304 stainless steel pipe, crushing rotating blades in the crushing device 204 are driven by the second motor 2022, a material outlet at the lower part of the crushing device 204 is riveted with an upper part feeding hole of the rotary kiln 205, the rotary kiln 205 is heated by the electric furnace 206, the rotary device in the rotary furnace 205 is driven by a third motor 2023, the lower discharge port of the rotary furnace 205 is riveted with the upper feed port of the upward reaction tube 208, the upward reaction tube 208 is heated by the infrared heating tube 207, the lower part of the upward reaction tube 208 is welded with the air inlet connection tube 209, the air inlet connection tube 209 is provided with two air inlet connection tubes, the two air inlet connection tubes are connected with the air supply system 1 through a 304 stainless steel tube with the inner diameter of 6mm, the lower discharge port of the upward reaction tube 208 is connected with the upper feed port of the water-cooling coke quenching box 210, and the upper right air outlet of the upward reaction tube 208 is connected with the air inlet of the folded plate dust remover 301 in the product separation and purification system 3.
The product separation and purification system 3 comprises a cyclone separator 302, an ash tank 303, a first condenser 304, a second condenser condensate 305, a first tar collecting bottle 3061, a second tar collecting bottle 3062, a water bath heat retainer 307, a gas cleaning and drying device 308, a vacuum pump 309, a pressure gauge 310 and an online gas chromatograph 311. The feed inlet of folded plate dust remover 301 links to each other with last reaction tube 208 in the pyrolysis system 2, the middle part air inlet of cyclone 302 is connected to folded plate dust remover 301's gas outlet, ash box 303 is connected to cyclone 302's lower part discharge gate, first condenser 304 is connected to cyclone 302's upper right portion gas outlet, the condensate of first condenser 304 is ethylene glycol aqueous solution, first condenser 304 sub-unit connection first tar collecting bottle 3061, the external second condenser condensation 305 of pipeline between first condenser 304 and the first tar collecting bottle 3061, the condensate of second condenser condensation 305 is water, the air inlet of second tar collecting bottle 3062 is connected to the gas outlet of second condenser condensation 305, water bath heat retainer 307 is used for heat preservation first tar collecting bottle 3061, second tar collecting bottle 3062, first tar collecting bottle 3061, The second tar collection bottle 3062 is communicated with a 12mm 304 stainless steel pipe, the hot water of the water bath heat retainer 307 comes from the water-cooled coke quenching tank 210 in the pyrolysis system 2, the water of the water bath heat retainer 307 flows to the water tank 109 of the air supply system 1, the water circulation of the water bath heat retainer 307, the water-cooling coke quenching tank 210 and the water tank 109 is realized by an external water pump, the gas outlet of the second tar collecting bottle 3062 is connected with a gas cleaning and drying device 308, the gas cleaning and drying device 308 is internally provided with the steps of acetone gas washing, sodium bicarbonate impurity removal, anhydrous sulfuric acid coal dehydration and the like, the gas outlet of the gas cleaning and drying device 308 is connected with the gas inlet of a vacuum pump 309, the gas outlet of the vacuum pump 309 is connected with the gas inlet of a pressure gauge 310, the pressure gauge 310 is connected with an online gas chromatograph 311, and each gas pipeline in the product separation and purification system 3 is a 304 stainless steel pipeline with the inner diameter of 6 mm.
The working principle and the process are as follows:
before the system operates, medical waste and other biomass raw materials are respectively loaded into 2 bins 201. Checking the air tightness, opening the gas bottle 101, controlling the flow rate of the gas mass flow meter 103 to be 800ml/min by rotating the safety valve 102, keeping the inert atmosphere of the whole system for 10min, and simultaneously starting the gas heating device 104, the gas mixing heating device 105 and the water vapor generating device 106 to start heating in advance.
And (3) starting the system to operate, controlling the flow rate of the gas mass flowmeter 103 to be 500ml/min by the rotary safety valve 102, closing the gas path leading to the storage bin 201, and only opening the gas path leading to the gas inlet connecting pipe 209. And (3) opening the water tank 109, controlling the flow rate of water to be 250ml/min, heating the water in the water vapor generating device 106 to form water vapor, uniformly mixing the water vapor and the heated carrier gas in the gas heating device 104 together in the gas mixing and heating device 105, wherein the temperature of the mixed gas is 105 ℃, and the mixed gas enters the ascending reaction pipe 208 from the gas inlet connecting pipe 209. Opening a discharge valve of a bin 201, wherein the discharge rate of a discharge port of the bin 201 is 3kg/h, a first motor 2021 drives a conveyor belt 203, the transfer rate of the conveyor belt 203 is 2.5kg/h, medical wastes and biomass raw materials are discharged from an upper material outlet of the conveyor belt 203 to a crushing device 204, the medical wastes and other biomass raw materials are further crushed in the crushing device 204, the crushing device 204 is driven by a third motor 2023, the crushed raw materials of the medical wastes and the biomass raw materials are discharged from a discharge port of the crushing device 204 to a rotary kiln 205, a rotary switching device of the rotary kiln 205 is driven by a second motor 2022, the rotary kiln 205 is heated to 200 ℃ by an electric furnace 206, the crushed raw materials of the medical wastes and the biomass raw materials are fully mixed and dried in the rotary kiln, and the crushed and mixed raw materials of the medical wastes and the biomass raw materials are discharged to an ascending reaction pipe 208, the falling medical waste and biomass raw material crushing and mixing is decelerated by high-temperature and high-speed carrier gas in an air inlet connecting pipe 209, so that the retention time of the crushing and mixing raw material in an ascending reaction pipe 208 is prolonged, the ascending reaction pipe 208 is heated by an infrared heating pipe 207, the infrared heating pipe 207 directly acts on the decelerated crushing and mixing raw material by emitting infrared light waves, so that the crushing and mixing raw material is fully heated, the infrared heating pipe 207 enables the final temperature of the crushing and mixing raw material to be 500-700 ℃, the pyrolysis atmosphere generated by the crushing and mixing raw material in the infrared heating pipe 207 is released by the carrier gas to be blown into a product separation and purification system 3, and semicoke generated by the crushing and mixing raw material in the infrared heating pipe 207 is discharged into a water-cooled coke quenching tank 210.
The pyrolysis atmosphere is subjected to primary gas-solid separation in a folded plate dust remover 301 in a product separation and purification system 3, solid particles with larger particle sizes and unreacted reactants flow back to an upward reaction tube 208, the particle size blocked by the folded plate dust remover 301 is larger than 40 meshes, the pyrolysis atmosphere enters a cyclone separator 302 to undergo secondary gas-solid separation, small particle dust in the pyrolysis atmosphere is further removed, an ash box 303 is used for collecting the small particle dust separated in the cyclone separator 302, the pyrolysis atmosphere continuously flows into a first condenser 304 to undergo primary gas-liquid separation, condensate of the first condenser 304 is an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, the condensation temperature is-40 ℃, bio-oil and wax subjected to primary gas-liquid separation flow into a first tar collecting bottle 3061, gas after the primary gas-liquid separation flows into a second condenser to be condensed 305 to undergo secondary gas-liquid separation, condensate in the second condenser 305 is water and the condensation temperature is 1 ℃, the bio-oil and the wax which are subjected to secondary gas-liquid separation flow into the second tar collecting bottle 3062, the temperature of the first tar collecting bottle 3061 and the temperature of the second tar collecting bottle 3062 are kept at about 60 ℃ by the water bath heat retainer 307, the water source of the water bath heat retainer 307 comes from condensed water of the water-cooling coke quenching tank 210, the water of the water bath heat retainer 307 flows to the water tank 109, the gas subjected to secondary gas-liquid separation is sent into the gas cleaning and drying device 308 to be purified and dried, the pressure of the whole process of separation of the pyrolysis product is kept stable under the action of the vacuum pump 309 and the monitoring of the pressure gauge 310, and the external online chromatograph 311 is used for monitoring and analyzing the component change of the pyrolysis gas in real time.
According to the invention, the rotary furnace is applied to early-stage dehydration of the straw, and the infrared heating pipe is used for fast pyrolysis of medical waste in the later stage, so that the effective cooperation of the medical waste is realized while the energy consumption is reduced, and high-yield and high-quality pyrolysis oil and gas are obtained. The water gas of the gas supply system supplies hydrogen and alkali metal in the straw reduces the corrosivity of chlorine atoms in PVC plastics to equipment. The folded plate dust remover and the cyclone separator enable pyrolysis atmosphere to realize primary and secondary gas-solid separation, dust content in final pyrolysis oil and gas is reduced, the water tank, the water-cooling coke quenching box and the water bath heat retainer are communicated with water to realize recycling of heat and water resources, the first condenser 304 and the second condenser are condensed 305 to adopt different condensate liquids to reduce condensation escape, and the online gas chromatograph analyzes gas composition in real time. Finally, high-yield and high-quality tar and pyrolysis gas are obtained.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution of the present invention and the improvement concept thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an infrared rapid heating medical waste's pyrolysis polygeneration system which characterized in that, component includes gas supply system, pyrolysis system and result separation clean system, and the concrete structure and the relation of connection of component are:
the gas supply system consists of a gas cylinder, a safety valve, a gas mass flowmeter, a gas heating device, a gas mixing and heating device, a steam generating device, a stainless steel water pipe, a liquid flowmeter and a water tank, the safety valve is arranged on the gas outlet of the gas cylinder and is connected with the gas inlet of the gas mass flowmeter through a rubber pipe, the gas outlet of the gas mass flowmeter is connected with the gas inlet of the gas heating device through a rubber pipe, the joints connected with the rubber pipes are fixed by binding bands, a stainless steel water pipe is arranged at the water outlet of the liquid flowmeter, the other end of the stainless steel water pipe is connected with a water vapor generating device, the water vapor generating device and the gas heating device are connected with the gas inlet of the gas mixing and heating device together through a stainless steel pipe, the gas outlet of the gas mixing and heating device is respectively connected with a bin and a gas inlet connecting pipe of the pyrolysis system by using stainless steel pipes with inner diameters;
the pyrolysis system comprises a storage bin, a first motor, a second motor, a third motor conveyor belt, a crushing device, a rotary furnace, an electric furnace, an infrared heating pipe, an upward reaction pipe, an air inlet connecting pipe and a water-cooling coke quenching box, wherein a lower discharge port of the storage bin is riveted with a lower material inlet of the conveyor belt, the first motor drives the conveyor belt to run, an upper material outlet of the conveyor belt is connected with an upper feed inlet of the crushing device through a 304 stainless steel pipe, a crushing rotating blade in the crushing device is driven by the second motor, a lower discharge port of the crushing device is riveted with an upper feed inlet of the rotary furnace, the rotary furnace is heated by the electric furnace, the rotary device in the rotary furnace is driven by the third motor, a lower discharge port of the rotary furnace is riveted with an upper feed inlet of the upward reaction pipe, the upward reaction pipe is heated by the infrared heating pipe, and the air inlet connecting pipe is welded on the lower part of the upward reaction pipe, the two air inlet connecting pipes are connected with an air supply system through 304 stainless steel pipes, a discharge port at the lower part of the ascending reaction pipe is connected with a feed port at the upper part of the water-cooling coke quenching box, and an air outlet at the upper right part of the ascending reaction pipe is connected with an air inlet of a folded plate dust remover in the product separation and purification system;
the product separation and purification system comprises a folded plate dust collector, a cyclone separator, an ash box, a first condenser, a second condenser, a first tar collecting bottle, a second tar collecting bottle, a water bath heat retainer, a gas cleaning and drying device, a vacuum pump, a pressure gauge and an online gas chromatograph, wherein a gas outlet of the folded plate dust collector is connected with a middle gas inlet of the cyclone separator, a lower discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected with the ash box, a gas outlet at the upper right part of the cyclone separator is connected with a gas inlet of the first condenser, condensate of the first condenser is ethylene glycol aqueous solution, a lower outlet of the first condenser is connected with a liquid inlet of the first tar collecting bottle, an external 304 stainless steel pipe of 6mm between the first condenser and the first tar collecting bottle is connected with a gas inlet of the second condenser, the condensate of the second condenser is water, the air inlet of second tar receiving flask is connected to the gas outlet of second condenser condensation, the water bath heat retainer is used for first tar receiving flask, second tar receiving flask of heat preservation, first tar receiving flask, second tar receiving flask communicate with each other with 12 mm's 304 stainless steel pipe, the hot water of water bath heat retainer is come from the water-cooling coke quenching case among the pyrolysis system, the rivers of water bath heat retainer are to gas supply system's water tank, the hydrologic cycle of water bath heat retainer, water-cooling coke quenching case and water tank is realized through external water pump, gaseous clean drying device is connected to the gas outlet of second tar receiving flask, gaseous clean drying device's well built-in have steps such as acetone gas washing, sodium bicarbonate edulcoration and anhydrous sulphuric acid coal dehydration, the air inlet of vacuum pump is connected to the gas outlet of gaseous clean drying device, the air inlet of manometer is connected to the gas outlet of vacuum pump, the pressure gauge is connected with an online gas chromatograph.
2. The infrared rapid heating medical waste pyrolysis poly-generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction in the pyrolysis system 2 is a co-pyrolysis reaction of biomass and plastic in the medical waste or a co-pyrolysis reaction of the medical waste and other biomass additives.
3. A pyrolytic poly-generation system of infrared rapidly heated medical waste according to claim 1 wherein there are three gas cylinders in the gas supply system, each containing N2、CO、CO2Inert gas, the rubber tube internal diameter among the gas supply system is 6mm, the internal diameter of the stainless steel water pipe among the gas supply system is 12mm for liquid water flows, the internal diameter of the 304 stainless steel pipe among the gas supply system is 6mm, is used for gaseous matter to flow.
4. The infrared rapid heating medical waste pyrolysis poly-generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein two bins are provided in the material pyrolysis system, and are respectively filled with the medical waste and the biomass additive, the inner diameter of a 304 stainless steel pipe between an upper material outlet of a conveyor belt in the pyrolysis system and an upper feed inlet of the crushing device is 20mm, and the inner diameter of a 304 stainless steel pipe connected with an air inlet connecting pipe in the pyrolysis system and an air supply system is 6mm, and is consistent with the inner diameter of the 304 stainless steel pipe in the air supply system.
5. The infrared rapid thermal pyrolytic poly-generation system of medical waste according to claim 1, wherein the hot water of the water bath warmer comes from a water-cooled coke quenching tank.
6. The infrared rapid heating medical waste pyrolysis poly-generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water circulation of the water bath heat retainer, the water cooling coke quenching tank and the water tank is realized by an external water pump.
7. The pyrolytic poly-generation system of infrared rapidly heated medical waste of claim 1, wherein each gas transmission pipeline in the product separation purification system is a 304 stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 6mm if not specified.
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