CN113403223B - Composite high Wen Junji and application thereof in plastic degradation - Google Patents

Composite high Wen Junji and application thereof in plastic degradation Download PDF

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CN113403223B
CN113403223B CN202110592518.9A CN202110592518A CN113403223B CN 113403223 B CN113403223 B CN 113403223B CN 202110592518 A CN202110592518 A CN 202110592518A CN 113403223 B CN113403223 B CN 113403223B
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reducing bacteria
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CN113403223A (en
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陈志�
邢睿智
周顺桂
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a composite high Wen Junji and application thereof in plastic degradation. The composite high Wen Junji in the invention contains thermophilic iron-reducing bacteria and iron minerals. The composite high Wen Junji can enable microorganisms to directly utilize nutrient substances in organic solid waste to grow and reproduce under the aerobic condition, and the oxidation of Fe (II) of iron minerals in the composite high Wen Junji to Fe (III) can generate OH to destroy the surface hydrophobicity of plastic materials and promote the oxidative degradation of microplastic in compost. Under anoxic conditions, the thermophilic iron-reducing bacterium reduces Fe (III) to Fe (II). Therefore, by changing the dynamic change of the aerobic-anoxic zone in the composting process, the continuous running of the iron redox cycle production OH in the compost can be promoted, and the efficient removal of the compost microplastic is realized.

Description

Composite high Wen Junji and application thereof in plastic degradation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental purification, and particularly relates to a composite high Wen Junji and application thereof in plastic degradation.
Background
Microplastic (MPs) refers to plastic particles with a size smaller than 5mm, and is a novel pollutant widely distributed nowadays. MPs have small particle size and large number, and contain toxic additives, so that the MPs are easy to be eaten by organisms or absorbed by organisms in the environment to cause physiological damage, and other pollutants are easy to be adsorbed to form pollutant complexes, migrate in the environment and harm human health through a food chain. MPs are mainly found in organic solid wastes such as household garbage, feces, municipal sludge, and the like. The investigation shows that the concentration of microplastic in the urban sludge can reach 1.6-5.6X10 4 Every kilogram of sludge (dry weight), about 4.4-43 ten thousand tons of MPs can enter the soil environment along with the landfill of organic solid waste, land utilization or other garbage treatment procedures every year, thereby changing the physical and chemical properties of the soilThe chemical nature, destroying soil function and biodiversity, and causing ecological and food chain risks.
Composting can promote humification of organic matters, is an important means for recycling organic solid wastes, and is an important 'barrier' for preventing pollutants in the organic solid wastes from entering the soil and other environments. The essence of composting is the process of humification and pollutant degradation of organic matters driven by microorganisms and heat energy generation, and in related documents, composting can effectively remove pentachlorophenol in organic solid waste, eliminate antibiotics and resistance genes and has excellent environment purification effect. However, since MPs are mostly high molecular polymers with strong hydrophobicity, most microorganisms have low degradation rate in natural environment, so that the microplastic cannot be removed in the actual composting process.
Therefore, the development of the microbial inoculum capable of improving the removal efficiency of the microplastic in the organic solid waste composting process has important practical significance for prevention and control of microplastic pollution and soil ecological environment protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides a composite high Wen Junji and application thereof in plastic degradation. The composite high Wen Junji contains thermophilic iron reducing bacteria and iron minerals, the thermophilic iron reducing bacteria can utilize the nutrient substances of organic solid wastes in the compost to grow and reproduce, and drive iron redox circulation in the aerobic-anoxic reaction dynamic change process of the compost, and iron minerals are utilized to generate a large amount of OH (hydroxyl free radicals), so that the surface hydrophobicity of the microplastic materials in the compost is destroyed, the oxidative degradation of the microplastic in the compost is promoted, and the efficient removal of the compost microplastic is realized.
In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a composite height Wen Junji, the composite height Wen Junji comprising iron-reducing bacteria and iron minerals.
Hydroxyl radicals (. OH) are transient radicals common in the environment and are also oxidizing
Figure BDA0003089763200000011
The strongest reactive oxygen Radicals (ROS), pair drivesThe conversion of pollutants in the environment plays a non-negligible role. Due to the disturbance of Fe (II) mineral and reducing organic matters in the environment, the Fe (II) mineral and the reducing organic matters can be mixed with O 2 The reaction produces a large amount of OH via Fenton and Haber-Weiss. These OH groups promote chemical bond cleavage of MPs and deep mineralization into water and carbon dioxide. In an aerobic-anaerobic alternating environment, the iron redox circulation driven by the iron reducing bacteria can promote the continuous generation of OH in the environment, and the effective removal of environmental pollutants is realized. In the related art, the microorganism-iron redox cycle production-OH system can only be carried out under normal temperature conditions (temperature<40 ℃ and is difficult to be applied to high-temperature environments such as compost. For the invention, not only can the high-temperature composting of organic solid waste be utilized to provide needed nutrient substances for microorganism growth, but also the oxygen reaching the core of the composting particles is extremely low by means of mass transfer unevenness in the composting process, an aerobic-anoxic reaction interface needed by microorganism-driven iron redox cycle reaction is formed in the composting particles, and the aerobic-anoxic reaction interface is dynamically changed along with the change of the composting temperature, the water content, the aeration rate, the turning pile and the like, so that a microorganism-iron ore-mediated plastic degradation system which is convenient to control and applicable to high-temperature composting can be obtained.
According to a first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the iron-reducing bacteria are thermophilic iron-reducing bacteria.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the iron-reducing bacteria are facultative aerobe.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the thermophilic iron-reducing bacterium includes at least one of Bacillus composti and Bacillus thermophilus.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the thermophilic iron-reducing bacterium is at least one of Bacillus composti SgZ-9 and Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10
Of course, a person skilled in the art can reasonably select other thermophilic iron-reducing bacteria mode strains for reasonable replacement according to actual use requirements, and thermophilic iron-reducing bacteria in the invention include, but are not limited to Bacillus composti SgZ-9 and Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10.
According to a first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the iron mineral comprises at least one of hematite, wurtzite, ferrihydrite and goethite.
Hematite (Hematite) chemical composition of Fe 2 O 3 Oxide minerals belonging to hexagonal systems; the chemical composition of the lepidocrocite is gamma-FeO (OH), the lepidocrocite contains 89.9 percent of ferric oxide, and the crystal belongs to an orthorhombic crystal system and is crystallized into hydroxide mineral of gamma phase; ferrihydrite is a weakly crystalline iron hydroxide, typically ferrihydrite is Fe 3+ Sediment which appears first in the hydrolysis process; goethite is a widely distributed mineral with a chemical composition of alpha-FeO (OH) as a hydrated iron oxide. Of course, those skilled in the art can reasonably select other iron minerals for reasonable replacement according to actual use requirements, and the iron minerals in the present invention include, but are not limited to, hematite, wurtzite, ferrihydrite and goethite.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the iron mineral has a mass ratio in the composite height Wen Junji of 2% to 10%.
Of course, according to the actual use requirement, the mass ratio of the iron mineral in the composite height Wen Junji can be reasonably adjusted by a person skilled in the art, so that a better use effect is obtained.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the fermentation medium composition used to culture the iron-reducing bacteria comprises a medium nutrient composition and a conditioning agent.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the nutrient components of the medium include, but are not limited to, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, yeast extract, glucose.
The conditioning agent includes, but is not limited to, a bean cake flour.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the anaerobic fermentation medium formulation of the thermophilic iron-reducing bacteria in composite high Wen Junji is: mixing 0.6g/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25g/L ammonium chloride, 0.1g/L potassium chloride, 0.2g/L yeast extract and 0.5g/L glucose, adding 2-6% (mass ratio) iron mineral, and adjusting pH to 7.0-7.5 for fermentation. And adding 3-6% (mass ratio) of bean cake powder after fermentation.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the iron-reducing bacteria in the composite high Wen Junji have a bacterial content of 10 6 ～10 9 cfu/g。
The composite high Wen Junji can directly utilize nutrient substances in organic solid wastes such as municipal sludge, livestock and poultry manure, agricultural residues, kitchen wastes and the like to grow and reproduce under the aerobic condition, so that Fe (II) of iron minerals in the composite high Wen Junji is oxidized into Fe (III), OH is generated, the surface hydrophobicity of plastic materials is damaged, and the oxidative degradation of microplastic in compost is promoted. Under the anoxic condition, the thermophilic iron-reducing bacterium reduces Fe (III) into Fe (II) to complete the iron redox cycle. Therefore, the method can be matched with the composting processes such as aeration, turning and the like in the composting process, change the dynamic change of the aerobic-anoxic zone in the composting process, promote the continuous progress of the iron redox cycle production OH in the compost, and further realize the further efficient removal of the compost microplastic.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the composite high Wen Junji according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the steps of:
inoculating thermophilic iron reducing bacteria to a culture medium, carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 45-50 ℃ for 48-96 hours, and adding 3-6% of conditioner after fermentation is finished to obtain the feed additive.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method further comprises adjusting the water content to 45% to 55% after adding the conditioning agent.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method specifically comprises:
preparing thermophilic iron reducing bacteria seed liquid;
preparing an anaerobic fermentation culture medium of thermophilic iron reducing bacteria;
inoculating the thermophilic iron reducing bacteria seed liquid into an anaerobic fermentation culture medium according to the inoculum size of about 1.5% (volume ratio), carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 48-96 hours at 45-50 ℃, adding 3-6% of conditioner after fermentation, and uniformly stirring to adjust the water content to 45-55% so as to obtain the iron reducing bacteria.
The water content can be adjusted by adopting a plate-and-frame filter pressing mode, and of course, a person skilled in the art can adopt other conventional water content adjusting modes according to actual use requirements.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of composting a degraded microplastic comprising the steps of:
and (3) mixing and fermenting the composite high-temperature microbial inoculum and organic solid waste.
The inventors found that hydroxyl radicals began to be produced in large amounts when the compost was at a high temperature (greater than 65 ℃) to begin fermentation.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mixing mass ratio of the composite high temperature microbial inoculum to the organic solid waste is (1-5): (95-99).
According to a third aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the organic solid waste comprises municipal sludge containing plastics, livestock manure, agricultural residues, kitchen waste.
In a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided the use of the composite high Wen Junji of the first aspect of the invention in high temperature composting.
Under the aerobic condition, the composite high Wen Junji can consume nutrient substances in wastes such as municipal sludge, livestock and poultry manure, agricultural residues, kitchen wastes and the like through the action of microorganisms to grow and reproduce, so that the wastes are effectively decomposed, and the harm of the wastes to the environment is reduced.
In a fifth aspect of the invention there is provided the use of the composite height Wen Junji of the first aspect of the invention in plastics degradation.
The composite high Wen Junji can directly utilize nutrient substances in organic solid wastes such as municipal sludge, livestock and poultry manure, agricultural residues, kitchen wastes and the like to grow and reproduce under the aerobic condition, and the Fe (II) of the iron mineral in the composite high Wen Junji is oxidized into Fe (III) to generate OH, so that the surface hydrophobicity of plastic materials is damaged, and the oxidative degradation of microplastic in compost is promoted. Under the anoxic condition, the thermophilic iron-reducing bacterium reduces Fe (III) into Fe (II) to complete the iron redox cycle. Therefore, the method can be matched with the composting processes such as aeration, turning and the like in the composting process, change the dynamic change of the aerobic-anoxic zone in the composting process, promote the continuous progress of the iron redox cycle production OH in the compost, and further realize the further efficient removal of the compost microplastic.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the composite high Wen Junji can utilize nutrient substances in organic solid waste to perform microbial colonization and growth under the aerobic condition, and utilize iron minerals to generate OH to destroy the surface hydrophobicity of plastic materials and promote the oxidative degradation of microplastic in compost.
2. The composite height Wen Junji of the invention can be matched with the composting processes such as aeration, turning and the like in the composting process, change the dynamic change of the aerobic-anoxic zone in the composting process, promote the continuous running of the iron redox cycle production OH in the compost, and further realize the efficient removal of the compost microplastic.
3. The composite high Wen Junji can solve the problem that the generation of the microorganism-iron redox cycle to produce OH in a high-temperature environment cannot be realized in the related technology, so that the application range of the microorganism-iron redox cycle can be effectively widened, and more theoretical support is provided for the environmental pollution control and the development of plastic degradation processes.
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FIG. 1 is a graph showing the variation difference of hydroxyl radical content in compost between an experimental group and a control group added with composite height Wen Junji in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the content change of microplastic in compost of an experimental group and a control group added with composite height Wen Junji in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the variation difference of the content of hydroxyl radicals in chicken manure compost in an experimental group added with composite height Wen Junji in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the molecular mass change of polystyrene micro-plastic sheets after composting according to the present invention with composite high Wen Junji;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the change of surface groups of a polystyrene micro-plastic sheet after composting, wherein A is the change of carbon-oxygen element, and B is the change of carbon-carbon bond, carbon-oxygen single bond and carbon-oxygen double bond;
FIG. 6 shows the change in surface morphology of the polystyrene micro-plastic sheet after composting according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein A is a control group and B is an experimental group.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description is presented herein for purposes of illustration only and is not intended to limit the invention.
The experimental materials and reagents used, unless otherwise specified, are those conventionally available commercially.
Experimental materials
The strain information used in the examples below is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 information on strains used in experiments
Strain name Strain deposit number
Bacillus composti SgZ-9 CCTCC AB2012109
Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 CCTCC AB2012110
The components of the LB medium in the following examples are: tryptone 10.0g/L, yeast extract (yeast powder, available from Allatin) 5.0g/L, naCl 10.0.0 g/L, pH=7.0, and sterilizing at 121deg.C under 0.15MPa for 30min.
Example 1 preparation of composite high Wen Junji
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing seed liquid:
the concentration was set at 10 at an inoculum size of 2% 8 Inoculating Bacillus composti SgZ-9 cfu/mL bacterial liquid into a container filled with LB culture medium, fermenting at 50deg.C for 48 hr, introducing air during fermentation, and introducing air volume of 20-100m 3 And/h, continuously stirring at a speed of 180-220 rpm, and obtaining Bacillus composti SgZ-9 seed liquid after fermentation.
(2) Preparing an anaerobic fermentation culture medium:
mixing 0.6g/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25g/L ammonium chloride, 0.1g/L potassium chloride, 0.2g/L yeast extract (yeast powder, purchased from Allatin) and 0.5g/L glucose, adding 3% (mass ratio) ferrihydrite, adjusting pH to 7.0, and stirring. Introducing nitrogen/carbon dioxide mixed gas into the culture medium, sterilizing at 100deg.C for 45 min, and cooling to 80deg.C for use.
(3) And (3) inoculating Bacillus composti SgZ-9 seed liquid prepared in the step (1) to the anaerobic fermentation culture medium prepared in the step (2) according to an inoculum size (volume ratio) of 1.5%, and performing anaerobic fermentation at 50 ℃ for 72 hours. After fermentation, adding 4% (mass ratio) of bean cake powder as a conditioning agent, uniformly stirring, and carrying out plate-frame filter pressing to ensure that the final water content of the composite high Wen Junji is 45% -55%.
Plate count and test tube detection were performed on the prepared composite height Wen Junji, and it was found that the bacterial count of Bacillus composti SgZ-9 in the prepared composite height Wen Junji was about 1.4X10 8 cfu/g。
Example 2 preparation of composite high Wen Junji
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing seed liquid:
the concentration was set at 10 at an inoculum size of 2% 8 cfu/mLInoculating Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 bacteria liquid into container filled with LB culture medium, fermenting at 50deg.C for 48 hr, introducing air during fermentation, and introducing air volume of 20-100m 3 And/h, continuously stirring at a speed of 180-220 rpm, and obtaining Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 seed liquid after fermentation.
(2) Preparing an anaerobic fermentation culture medium:
mixing 0.6g/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25g/L ammonium chloride, 0.1g/L potassium chloride, 0.2g/L yeast extract (yeast powder, purchased from Allatin) and 0.5g/L glucose, adding 5% (mass ratio) hematite, adjusting pH to 7.5, and stirring. Introducing nitrogen/carbon dioxide mixed gas into the culture medium, sterilizing at 100deg.C for 45 min, and cooling to 80deg.C for use.
(3) And (3) inoculating Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 seed liquid prepared in the step (1) to the anaerobic fermentation culture medium prepared in the step (2) according to an inoculum size (volume ratio) of 1.5%, and performing anaerobic fermentation at 50 ℃ for 48 hours. After fermentation, 5% (mass ratio) of bean cake powder is added as a conditioning agent, and after uniform stirring, the final water content of the composite high Wen Junji is 45% -55% through plate-frame filter pressing.
Plate count and test tube detection were performed on the prepared composite height Wen Junji, and it was found that the bacterial count of Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 in the prepared composite height Wen Junji was about 8.3X10 7 cfu/g。
Example 3 preparation of composite high Wen Junji
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing seed liquid:
the concentration of the seed is 10 according to the inoculation amount of 2% of each strain 8 Bacillus composti SgZ-9 bacteria liquid with cfu/mL and concentration of 10 8 Inoculating Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 cfu/mL bacteria liquid into LB culture medium container, fermenting at 50deg.C for 24 hr, and introducing air with ventilation volume of 20-100m 3 And/h, continuously stirring at a speed of 180-220 rpm, and obtaining Bacillus composti SgZ-9 and Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 seed solutions after fermentation.
(2) Preparing an anaerobic fermentation culture medium:
mixing 0.6g/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25g/L ammonium chloride, 0.1g/L potassium chloride, 0.2g/L yeast extract (yeast powder, purchased from Allatin) and 0.5g/L glucose, adding 2% by mass of hematite and 3% by mass of ferrihydrite, adjusting pH to 7.0, and stirring well. Introducing nitrogen/carbon dioxide mixed gas into the culture medium, sterilizing at 100deg.C for 45 min, and cooling to 80deg.C for use.
(3) And (3) jointly inoculating Bacillus composti SgZ-9 and Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 seed liquid prepared in the step (1) to the anaerobic fermentation culture medium prepared in the step (2) according to the inoculum size (volume ratio) of 1.5% of each strain, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 50 ℃ for 72 hours. After fermentation, 5% (mass ratio) of bean cake powder is added as a conditioning agent, and after uniform stirring, the final water content of the composite high Wen Junji is 45% -55% through plate-frame filter pressing.
Plate count and test tube detection were performed on the prepared composite height Wen Junji, and it was found that the bacterial load of Bacillus composti SgZ-9 in the prepared composite height Wen Junji was about 5.6X10 8 cfu/g, a bacterial load of Bacillus thermophilus SgZ-10 of about 1.8X10 7 cfu/g。
Effect test of composite high-temperature microbial inoculum
(1) Micro plastic removal effect of composite height Wen Junji in sludge composting:
in this example, the object of detection is municipal sludge obtained from a sewage treatment plant in Fuzhou, and the basic properties of the sludge were detected by a conventional detection method in the art, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 basic Properties of municipal sludge compost Material
pH Moisture content (%) Total carbon (%) Total nitrogen (%) C/N
7.3 64.7 60.2 3.1 19:1
The composite height Wen Junji in the example 1 is as follows by mass percent: municipal sludge = 5%:95% of mixed composite high-temperature microbial inoculum and municipal sludge. The water content is adjusted to about 60% by rice hulls for stacking fermentation, intermittent aeration (8 hours per day without aeration for 16 hours) is adopted for composting, and the stacking is carried out once every 7 days. A blank control is set, and the compound high-temperature microbial inoculum is not added into the control group.
Sampling is carried out on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 20, 23, 26, 29, 32, 35 and 38 at the beginning of composting, the yield of free radicals in the composting process is measured (by adopting a conventional detection method in the field), and the change of the microplastic content before and after the composting of the sludge is statistically analyzed by means of microscopic observation, fourier infrared spectrum identification and the like.
The results are shown in FIGS. 1 to 2.
By comparing the free radical yields during composting of the control and experimental groups, it was found that the hydroxyl radical yield during composting of the experimental group with the composite height Wen Junji of example 1 added was much higher than that of the control group. In addition, after composting (45 days after composting), the micro-plastic content in the compost of the experimental group added with the compound high Wen Junji in example 1 and the control group was reduced to different degrees (FIG. 2), wherein the micro-plastic content in the compost of the experimental group added with the compound high Wen Junji in example 1 was 7.3X10 from the compost raw material 4 Individual/kg(dry weight) down to about 4.0X10 4 The microplastic removal rate per kilogram (dry weight) was about 45%, whereas the microplastic removal rate in the control compost was only about 6.8% (the microplastic content after decomposition was about 6.8X10) 4 Each kilogram), the micro-plastic removal effect of the experimental group added with the composite height Wen Junji in the embodiment 1 is far better than that of the control group, which indicates that the micro-plastic in the sludge can be effectively removed by adding the composite height Wen Junji in the embodiment.
The inventors further tested the composite height Wen Junji of examples 2 and 3, respectively, wherein the composite height Wen Junji of example 2 had a microplastic removal rate of 43% and the composite height Wen Junji of example 3 had a microplastic removal rate of 48%, both of which were much higher than those of the contemporaneously-placed control group. Therefore, it can be fully explained that the composite height Wen Junji in the above embodiment can effectively remove microplastic in sludge.
(2) The composite high-temperature microbial inoculum has the effect of promoting the oxidative degradation of polystyrene in chicken manure high-temperature compost:
in order to further verify the degradation capability of the composite high Wen Junji on plastics and indicate the degradation mechanism of the composite high Wen Junji on plastics, polystyrene is used as a test sample in the embodiment, and the oxidative degradation effect of the composite high Wen Junji on the polystyrene is detected. Control treatment group was not added with composite height Wen Junji of the present invention
The specific test steps are as follows:
the polystyrene film was cut into 5cm×5cm pieces to obtain polystyrene plastic sheets. The cut polystyrene plastic sheet, the composite high-temperature microbial inoculum prepared in the example 3 and chicken manure are mixed according to the mass percentage of 1 percent: 4%: mixing evenly in the proportion of 95%. Wherein, the basic properties of chicken manure are detected by a conventional detection method in the field, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 basic Properties of chicken manure compost Material
pH Moisture content (%) Total carbon (%) Total nitrogen (%) C/N
7.6 66.0 52.5 4.2 13:1
The water content of the mixture of the composite high-temperature microbial inoculum and the chicken manure prepared in the example 3 (adjusted to about 60%) and the polystyrene plastic sheet which are uniformly mixed are adjusted by rice hulls, the mixture is piled up and fermented, the compost is intermittently aerated (8 hours per day and 16 hours without aeration), and the pile is turned once every 7 days.
Samples were taken at day 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 17, 20, 23, 26, 29, 35, 38, 40 and 44, respectively, the yield of free radicals in the composting process was measured (by conventional detection methods in the art), and the changes in the morphology and content of the polystyrene plastic sheets before and after composting were statistically analyzed by microscopic observation, fourier-infrared spectrum identification, and the like.
The results are shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.
As shown in FIG. 3, the yield of hydroxyl radicals generated by chicken manure added with the composite high-temperature microbial inoculum prepared in the example 3 in the high-temperature composting process is obviously higher than that of a control group without the composite high-temperature microbial inoculum. As identified by fourier infrared spectroscopy, in the composting group with the addition of composite height Wen Junji, the molecular weight of the polystyrene microplastic sheet was significantly reduced, while the molecular weight of the control polystyrene microplastic was not significantly reduced (fig. 4), and the surface oxygen-containing functional group was increased (fig. 5). Further, scanning electron microscope observation was performed on the polystyrene micro-plastic sheets before and after composting, and it was found that a large amount of iron oxide and microorganisms were attached to the surface of the polystyrene film, and that significant erosion holes were present (fig. 6). Experimental results show that the composite height Wen Junji in the embodiment can destroy the hydrophobicity of the surface of the plastic material and promote the oxidative degradation of the microplastic by generating a large amount of hydroxyl radicals in the chicken manure high-temperature compost.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The application of the composite high Wen Junji in the composting and degrading micro-plastic is characterized in that the composite high Wen Junji contains iron reducing bacteria and iron minerals, wherein the iron reducing bacteria are facultative aerophilic thermophilic iron reducing bacteria, and the iron reducing bacteria are selected from the group consisting ofBacillus compostiAndBacillus thermophilusat least one of (a) and (b);
the mass ratio of the iron mineral in the composite height Wen Junji is 2% -10%;
the iron mineral includes at least one of hematite, wurtzite, ferrihydrite and goethite.
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the fermentation medium used for culturing the iron-reducing bacteria comprises medium nutrients and conditioners.
3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the medium nutrients include sodium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, yeast extract and glucose.
4. The use according to claim 2, wherein the conditioning agent comprises a bean cake flour.
5. The use according to claim 1, wherein the iron-reducing bacteria in said composite high Wen Junji have a bacterial content of 10 6 ～10 9 cfu/g。
6. The method for preparing the composite height Wen Junji in the application according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
inoculating thermophilic iron reducing bacteria to a culture medium, carrying out anaerobic fermentation at 45-50 ℃ for 48-96 hours, and adding 3-6% of conditioner after fermentation is finished to obtain the feed additive;
the preparation method further comprises the step of adjusting the water content to be 45% -55% after the conditioner is added;
the thermophilic iron-reducing bacteria are selected fromBacillus compostiAndBacillus thermophilusat least one of them.
7. A method for composting and degrading microplastic, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fermenting the composite high Wen Junji in any one of claims 1-5 with an organic solid waste containing microplastic;
wherein, the mixing mass ratio of the composite height Wen Junji to the organic solid waste containing the microplastic is (1-5): (95-99);
the organic solid waste containing the microplastic comprises municipal sludge, livestock and poultry manure, agricultural residues or kitchen waste.
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