CN115216415B - Microbial inoculum and application thereof in preparation of fertilizer - Google Patents
Microbial inoculum and application thereof in preparation of fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fermentation and organic fertilizer production, and particularly discloses a microbial inoculum and application thereof in preparation of fertilizer. The microbial inoculum of the invention comprises: citrobacter, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus megaterium. Which is a salt-tolerant compost inoculant. The microbial inoculum disclosed by the invention is used for preparing the fertilizer by fermentation, so that the fermentation period can be effectively shortened, the fermentation is complete, the odor emission is low, the recycling of the cultivation waste is realized, and the environmental protection pressure of livestock and poultry manure treatment in a cultivation farm is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fermentation and organic fertilizer production, in particular to a microbial inoculum and application thereof in preparing fertilizer.
Background
At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure generated each year is still not high, the harmless rate is lower, wherein about one third of the livestock and poultry manure is returned to the field after being simply stacked and retted, the other third of the livestock and poultry manure is used for producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, and only a small part of the livestock and poultry manure is used for producing organic fertilizer through aerobic fermentation, and the other unused livestock and poultry manure still occupies a larger proportion. Therefore, the livestock manure is treated by adopting a low-level facultative aerobic process and a small-scale aerobic process at present. Livestock manure is treated in a farm generally by adopting a small-scale aerobic fermentation composting technology. However, such small-scale aerobic fermentation systems are relatively simple and extensive, resulting in lower quality products and greater odor concentration, and major problems include: (1) the hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas are produced in large quantity in the composting process; (2) The fermentation period is long, and the processing period of the strip stack type fermentation process is generally 30-50 days; (3) Insufficient fermentation results in lower innocuity and quality of the compost.
Therefore, the small-scale aerobic fermentation technology is necessary to be improved, the odor generation in the treatment process is reduced, the quality and the harmless degree of the compost products are improved, the requirements of farms on the efficient and rapid treatment of livestock and poultry manure are met, and the environmental protection pressure of livestock and poultry manure treatment facing the farms is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a microbial inoculum capable of reducing odor emission and shortening fermentation period in the fermentation treatment process of livestock manure.
In order to achieve the object, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a microbial agent, comprising: citrobacter, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus megaterium.
Aiming at the action process of a single strain, the operation mechanism of the whole microorganism system cannot be solved, and the degradation efficiency is difficult to improve on the whole. The invention uses methods of microbiome sequencing, high-throughput culture, functional research system and the like to carry out a great deal of research, and discovers that the combination of the citric acid bacillus, the aspergillus oryzae, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus megaterium has synergistic effect in the aspects of metabolism of organic macromolecular substances such as carbon sources, nitrogen sources and the like. Thus achieving better effect.
The concentration of the bacteria of the Citrobacter of the present invention is 7.1X10 8 ～5.8×10 9 cfu/mL; the concentration of Aspergillus oryzae thallus is 1.9X10 8 ～5.2×10 9 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus subtilis thallus is 2.0X10 8 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens thallus is 3.0x10 8 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus megatherium is 2.0X10 8 ～5.0×10 9 cfu/mL；
Preferably, the concentration of the bacteria of Citrobacter is 1.9X10 9 ～4.8×10 9 cfu/mL; the concentration of Aspergillus oryzae thallus is 5.6X10 8 ～1.9×10 9 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus subtilis thallus is 4.0x10 9 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens thallus is 4.0x10 9 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus megatherium thallus is 1.0X10 9 ～5.0×10 9 cfu/mL。
According to the invention, a great deal of researches show that when the specific microbial inoculum formula is adopted for composting fermentation, the effects of quickly heating up the heap, retaining nitrogen and reducing odor in the fermentation process can be achieved. Can realize the shortening of the fermentation period and the reduction of the odor emission, is environment-friendly, and is suitable for popularization and application.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the fertilizer, which is to prepare the fertilizer by fermenting with the microbial inoculum.
In the invention, the substrate for fermentation is a mixture of livestock manure, rice hulls and straws after solid-liquid separation, and the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the rice hulls to the straws is (4-6): (2-4): (2-4); the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture is (20-35): 1, the water content is 55-65%;
and/or the granularity of the straw is 0.1-2cm.
In the invention, the livestock manure is cow manure.
The invention particularly selects the raw materials, the proportion and the physicochemical indexes of the fermentation substrate, so that the raw materials, the proportion and the physicochemical indexes can be effectively matched with the requirements of the microbial inoculum in the production of organic fertilizers. The substrate obtained through the collocation of specific components can meet the growth requirement of specific microbial inoculum, and the construction of a specific pile structure can be realized through the grading relation among particles, so that moisture can move in a proper mode in the gaps of the compost to drive the bacteria to diffuse, thereby creating propagation conditions, and the gaps can not be completely blocked to influence the air permeability, and further providing a foundation for ensuring low odor emission and efficient fermentation.
The C/N (carbon nitrogen ratio) of the invention refers to the ratio of total carbon content and total nitrogen content in materials, the C/N value is high, the adjustment can be carried out by adding livestock manure, the C/N value is low, and the adjustment can be carried out by adding rice hulls and straws.
In the preferred invention, the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the rice hulls to the straw is 4:3:3; the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the mixture was 25:1, the water content was 60%.
In the invention, the fermentation adopts a static stack mode, the oxygen content is kept at about 10-15%, and the temperature of the center of the stack is not higher than 70 ℃.
During composting, the ideal high temperature value is 55-65 ℃, which strictly prohibits breakthrough 70 ℃, as temperatures above this will lead to death of the beneficial bacteria in the above-mentioned microbial agents of the invention.
Preferably, during the fermentation, oxygen is supplied by an intermittent aeration method, the aeration frequency is 1 hour on and 2 hours off, and the aeration rate is 0.3 to 0.4 L.min -1 ·kg -1 。
The invention adopts the intermittent aeration technology, not only can provide enough oxygen for the biochemical reaction of the compost, but also solves the problem of the increase of the composting cost caused by uneven aeration and ineffective aeration in the prior art.
In the present invention, the inoculum size is 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.2% by weight, of the substrate (fresh weight).
The invention can better exert the effect of the microbial inoculum by controlling the oxygen amount and the temperature in the fermentation process.
In the composting, the length of the high-temperature maintaining time reflects the quality of formula adjustment and pretreatment of the raw materials in the earlier stage, the ideal time is generally 5-10 days, and most pathogenic bacteria, ova and weed seeds can be killed in the stage, so that harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure is realized. In the aerobic fermentation process, the holding days of the temperature of the center of the reactor body higher than 55 ℃ are between 5 days and 11 days, and the total fermentation time can be about 20 days.
As an example, the specific preparation steps of the fertilizer of the present invention include:
s1, providing an organic fertilizer raw material, wherein the organic fertilizer raw material comprises livestock manure, rice hulls and wheat straws which are subjected to solid-liquid separation, carrying out crushing pretreatment on the wheat straws, and mixing the treated straws with the livestock manure and the rice hulls to obtain a mixed material;
s2, adjusting the initial water content of the mixed material to 55-65%, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-35:1, and then inoculating the microbial inoculum into the mixed material for aerobic fermentation.
The invention also provides an application of the microbial inoculum or the method in reducing the odor emission in the livestock manure treatment process and an application in shortening the composting fermentation period.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the invention, through the optimal combination of fermentation strains, livestock manure is used as a main fermentation raw material, rice hulls and crushed wheat straw are used as auxiliary materials for aerobic fermentation, through reasonable material proportion and composting technology (the composting temperature, aeration frequency and raw material moisture in the aerobic composting process are regulated), the fermentation period is obviously shortened, the odor production in the composting process is reduced, the harmless degree and the decomposition degree of the composting product are improved, the water content of the obtained organic fertilizer product is low, and in addition, no organic chemical product is adopted in the preparation process, the preparation method is environment-friendly, and meanwhile, the organic fertilizer raw material adopted by the preparation method is wide in source, can greatly reduce the generation cost and the environmental pollution risk, and realizes the efficient and environment-friendly treatment and recycling of the cultivation waste.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations of this invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. Materials, reagents and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The total odor emission test method of the invention refers to Ma Renan, li Danyang, pass kernel, li Guoxue, wang Guoying, liuyan, sun Shaoze, yuan Jing. Influence of carbon-nitrogen ratio on chicken manure compost maturity and odor emission [ J ]. Agricultural engineering report, 2020,36 (24): 194-202. Citrobacter is disclosed in: hafiza Madeha Sadiq et al ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHOSPHATE-SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA FROM RHIZOSPHERE SOIL [ J ]. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment,2013,27 (6): 4248-4255; aspergillus oryzae is disclosed in: [1] li Yu, wang Qi, chen Wuling screening of high-efficiency degrading bacteria for cow dung compost and preparation of composite microbial agent [ J ]. Anhui agricultural science, 2008,36 (35): 15653-15655; bacillus subtilis is disclosed in: duan M, Y Zhang, zhou B, et al effects of Bacillus subtilis on carbon components and microbial functional metabolism during cow manure-straw composition [ J ]. Bioresource Technology,2020,303 (1): 122868; bacillus amyloliquefaciens is disclosed in: wu Y, zhao C, farmer J, et al effects of bio-organic fertilizer on pepper growth and Fusarium wilt biocontrol [ J ]. Scientia Horticulturae,2015,193:114-120; bacillus megaterium is disclosed in: wan L, wang X, cong C, et al Effect of inoculating microorganisms in chicken manure composting with maize straw [ J ]. Bioresource Technology,2020,301:122730. The comparative microbial agent is a VT-1000 compound microbial agent purchased from Beijing Wao land biotechnology Co.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a microbial inoculum and a method for preparing fertilizer by using the microbial inoculum.
The implementation materials are as follows: cow dung, rice husk, wheat straw and microbial inoculum.
The microbial inoculum is as follows: citrobacter, and the thallus concentration is 3.8X10 9 cfu/mL; aspergillus oryzae with thallus concentration of 1.2X10 9 cfu/mL; bacillus subtilis with thallus concentration of 0.8X10 10 cfu/mL; bacillus amyloliquefaciens with thallus concentration of 8.3X10 9 cfu/mL; bacillus megaterium, cell concentration of 3.4X10 9 cfu/mL。
The method for carrying out static composting by utilizing cow dung, rice hulls and wheat straws in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
crushing wheat straw to the granularity of 0.1-2cm, and mixing cow dung (after solid-liquid separation), rice hulls and crushed wheat straw according to the proportion of 400kg cow dung, 300kg rice hulls and 300kg wheat straw. The initial water content of the material is adjusted to 60%. The method for judging the water content of the mixed raw materials on site comprises the following steps: the raw material is held by hand, and water oozes out from the finger joints, but is preferable when it does not flow down. The C/N ratio was adjusted to 25:1. The microbial inoculum was added in a weight ratio of 0.2% (fresh weight) before composting began. After the microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the stack and mixed, the materials are conveyed into the fermentation tank by using a manual or forklift and the like.
The intermittent aeration method is adopted in the composting process, so that the oxygen content is kept at about 10%. The specific aeration frequency is 1 hour on and 2 hours off, and the aeration rate is 0.3 to 0.4 L.min -1 ·kg -1 . The temperature of the center of the pile body is controlled to be not more than 70 ℃. In this example, the duration of the high temperature period (. Gtoreq.55 ℃) was 11 days, the highest temperature during composting reaching 65.3 ℃.
The fermentation is basically completed within 20 days, the current germination index is a common index for judging the decomposition degree of the compost product, and the pile body is generally considered to be decomposed when the germination index is more than or equal to 70 percent. In this example, after 25 days of fermentation, the pH value of the reactor was 8.47, the total nitrogen content was 1.67%, the organic matter content was 54.83%, and the total phosphorus content was 1.12% (P) 2 O 5 ) The total potassium content was 1.56% (K) 2 O) the germination index reaches 88.31%。
Experimental example 1
The effect of composting by the method of the invention was measured in this experimental example. 5 treatments were set, each treatment was repeated three times, each treatment being 126m 3 And (5) material. Wherein the CK group adopts a traditional composting method. T1 and T2 are the method of example 1 of the present invention, but no microbial agent is added, the microbial agents used in T3 and T4 are the same as in example 1, and the rest of the treatment is the same as in example 1, but not described in detail. See table 1 for experimental treatment.
Table 1 test treatment
The temperature is raised to more than 50 ℃ in the five composting processes for the required time: as shown in Table 2, the temperature of the conventional stack retting CK group cannot break through 50 ℃, and the temperature of the forced ventilation static stack body adopting aeration treatment can break through more than 50 ℃, wherein the T2 treatment temperature adopting high aeration rate and aeration frequency only needs 1.5 days to reach more than 50 ℃, and the T1 treatment with lower aeration frequency and aeration needs 3 days to reach more than 50 ℃, which means that the aeration measure can effectively raise the temperature of the stack body, and the high aeration rate and aeration amount can quickly raise the temperature of the stack body and effectively shorten the temperature raising time of the compost fermentation. When the aeration measure is adopted, the temperature rising speed is more obvious after the microbial inoculum is inoculated, the temperature can be raised to be more than 50 ℃ after T4 treatment for 1 day, and the temperature can be raised to be more than 50 ℃ after T3 treatment for 1.5 days.
TABLE 2 different aeration and microbial inoculum seed heap heating effect (. Degree.C.)
The odor was tested by the method of five compost samples Ma Renan, li Danyang, qi pass kernel, li Guoxue, wang Guoying, liuyan, sun Shaoze, yuan Jing. Influence of carbon to nitrogen ratio on chicken manure compost maturity and odor emission [ J ]. Agricultural engineering journal, 2020,36 (24): 194-202. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 total odor emissions from stacks with different aeration rates
As can be seen from Table 3, intermittent aeration significantly reduces the emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide (p < 0.05) during cow dung composting, and when the measures of higher aeration frequency and aeration rate are adopted (T2), the emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are reduced by 63.0% and 66.31% respectively compared with those of the CK group cow dung compost. After the microbial inoculum is inoculated, the ammonia gas emission reduction 65.99 percent and the hydrogen sulfide emission reduction 68.98 percent of the CK group cow dung compost are compared with the ammonia gas emission reduction 65.99 percent by adopting higher aeration frequency and aeration quantity (T4)
From the above, the cow dung is treated by adopting the forced ventilation static stacking process, and the microbial inoculum (T4) is added before treatment, so that the composting process can be effectively promoted, the fermentation time is shortened, the odor emission concentration is reduced, and the recycling and environment-friendly treatment of the livestock dung are realized.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example compares the effects of the microbial agent of the present invention and the microbial agent different from the present invention under the same aeration means. Three replicates were set up for each group. The specific formulation of the microbial inoculum (comparative microbial inoculum) is lactobacillus plantarum, and the concentration of the microbial inoculum is 3.2X10 9 cfu/mL; saccharomyces cerevisiae with thallus concentration of 4.1X10 8 cfu/mL; bacillus subtilis with a thallus concentration of 0.7X10 10 cfu/mL; streptomyces albus with thallus concentration of 1.2X10 9 cfu/mL; aspergillus oryzae with thallus concentration of 0.3X10 9 cfu/mL. The specific treatment is shown in Table 5, and the details of the treatment are not shown in example 1The same applies.
And (3) fermentation result statistics: the D1 group pile body is completely decomposed by fermentation for 35 days, the 6 th day of the pile body reaches more than 50 ℃, the duration of a high temperature period (more than or equal to 55 ℃) is 4 days, the maximum temperature is 57 ℃, and the germination index of a composting product is 71.35%. The D2 group pile body is completely decomposed by 30 days of fermentation, the 3 rd day of the pile body reaches more than 50 ℃, the duration of the high temperature period (more than or equal to 55 ℃) is 6 days, the highest temperature is 61 ℃, and the germination index of the composting product is 75.13%. Inoculating the microbial inoculum (group D3) of the invention, fermenting and fully decomposing the pile body for 28 days, wherein the temperature of the pile body reaches more than 50 ℃ on the 2 nd day, the duration of the high temperature period (more than or equal to 55 ℃) is 7 days, the highest temperature is 63 ℃, and the germination index of the compost product is 80.56%. Inoculating the microbial inoculum (group D4) of the invention, fermenting and fully decomposing the pile body for 25 days, wherein the 1 st day of the pile body reaches more than 50 ℃, the duration of the high temperature period (more than or equal to 55 ℃) is 9 days, the highest temperature is 69 ℃, and the germination index of the compost product is 88.11%.
The total odor emission results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 total odor emission from different inoculant stacks
TABLE 5
Comparative example 2
This comparative example compares the differences in fertilizer preparation using the method of example 1 of the present invention and other methods (comparative methods) with different ratios of fermentation feedstock. Three replicates were set up for each group. The comparative method was identical to the basic fertilizer preparation method of example 1, except that cow dung, rice hulls, and crushed wheat straw were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1:1 (17:1 carbon nitrogen ratio) to 6:5:1 (31:1 carbon nitrogen ratio), respectively. The aeration measure and the microbial inoculum and other conditions are the same. The specific treatment is shown in Table 7.
And (3) fermentation result statistics: the treatment temperature of A1 can be raised to more than 50 ℃ within 1 day, the treatment temperature is maintained for 10 days above 50 ℃, the highest temperature can reach 69 ℃, the complete decomposition can be realized within 25 days, and the germination index of the compost product is 89.3%. A2 treatment temperature rises to above 50 ℃ at 13 days, the temperature is maintained for 2 days above 50 ℃ and the highest temperature is 50 ℃, decomposition cannot be realized, and the germination index of the compost product is 67.93%. A3 treatment temperature is raised to above 50 ℃ on the 4 th day, the temperature is maintained for 5 days above 50 ℃, the decomposition is realized in 40 days, and the germination index of the compost product is 73.5%.
The statistics of the total odor emission are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 total odor emissions from stacks of different material ratios
TABLE 7
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A microbial inoculum is characterized by comprising citric acid bacillus, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus megaterium; the concentration of the bacteria of the Citrobacter is 7.1X10 8 ～5.8×10 9 cfu/mL; the concentration of Aspergillus oryzae thallus is 1.9X10 8 ～5.2×10 9 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus subtilis thallus is 2.0X10 8 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens thallus is 3.0x10 8 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus megatherium is 2.0X10 8 ～5.0×10 9 cfu/mL。
2. The microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the microbial cells of Citrobacter is 1.9X10 9 ～4.8×10 9 cfu/mL; the concentration of Aspergillus oryzae thallus is 5.6X10 8 ～1.9×10 9 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus subtilis thallus is 4.0x10 9 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens thallus is 4.0x10 9 ～1.0×10 10 cfu/mL; the concentration of the bacillus megatherium thallus is 1.0X10 9 ～5.0×10 9 cfu/mL。
3. A method for producing a fertilizer, characterized in that the fertilizer is produced by fermentation using the microbial inoculum of claim 1 or 2;
the substrate for fermentation is a mixture of livestock manure, rice hulls and straws after solid-liquid separation, and the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the rice hulls to the straws is (4-6): (2-4): (2-4); the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture is (20-35): 1, the water content is 55-65%; the granularity of the straw is 0.1-2cm; the fermentation adopts a static stack mode, the oxygen amount is kept between 10 and 15 percent, and the temperature of the center of the stack body is not higher than 70 ℃.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of livestock manure, rice hulls and straw is 4:3:3; the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the mixture was 25:1, the water content was 60%.
5. A process according to claim 3, wherein oxygen is supplied by intermittent aeration at an aeration frequency of 1 hour on and 2 hours off and an aeration rate of 0.3 to 0.4 L.min during the fermentation -1 ·kg -1 。
6. The method of any one of claims 3-5, wherein the inoculum is inoculated in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the substrate.
7. Use of the microbial agent of claim 1 or 2 or the method of any one of claims 3 to 5 for reducing the emission of malodor, NH, during fecal treatment of livestock 3 And H 2 S。
8. Use of the microbial agent of claim 1 or 2 or the method of any one of claims 3-5 for shortening the fermentation period of composting.
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