CN113389621B - 内燃机的废气净化系统 - Google Patents

内燃机的废气净化系统 Download PDF

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CN113389621B
CN113389621B CN202110200100.9A CN202110200100A CN113389621B CN 113389621 B CN113389621 B CN 113389621B CN 202110200100 A CN202110200100 A CN 202110200100A CN 113389621 B CN113389621 B CN 113389621B
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exhaust gas
carrier substrate
catalyst component
internal combustion
combustion engine
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CN113389621A (zh
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畠山由章
竹折浩树
远藤哲雄
加藤骏
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • B01D53/9459Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
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Abstract

本发明提供一种内燃机的废气净化系统,能够在确保在排气通路中流动的废气的压力损失的降低和成本降低的同时,作为系统整体而提高废气的净化性能。内燃机的废气净化系统(1)具有电加热式催化装置(4)和三元催化装置(5),电加热式催化装置具有:蜂窝基材(16),其具有多个蜂窝通路(15);以及第一催化剂成分(17),其通过规定的薄膜处理而保持在划分出各蜂窝通路的面上,含有一种以上的贵金属,三元催化装置具有:蜂窝基材(26),其具有多个蜂窝通路(25);以及第二催化剂成分(27),其保持在划分出各蜂窝通路的面上,含有一种以上的贵金属,蜂窝基材中的每单位体积的贵金属总含有量比蜂窝基材中的每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量多。

Description

内燃机的废气净化系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用催化剂来净化从内燃机排出的废气的内燃机的废气净化系统。
背景技术
近年来,作为内燃机的废气净化系统中的催化剂,研发了在金属箔上设置催化剂层而构成的金属箔催化剂,其结构及制造方法记载于专利文献1中。另外,该金属箔催化剂是基于接受文部科学省的委托(元素战略据点形成型项目)而实施的成果的催化剂。
专利文献1所记载的金属箔催化剂中,金属箔由不锈钢、铝或钛等构成,其厚度Ts被设定为5μm~70μm。另外,催化剂层由铑、钯、铂、银、铱或包含它们中的一种以上的合金等构成,其厚度Tc被设定为0.001μm~1μm,并且金属箔的厚度Ts和催化剂层的厚度Tc满足Ts/Tc>20的关系。
另外,通过使用电弧放电等在金属箔上蒸镀用于形成催化剂层的材料来进行金属箔催化剂的制造。
在使用上述金属箔催化剂加工出来的具有多个蜂窝通路的催化转化器中,由于金属箔和催化剂层的厚度薄,因此能够降低在该催化转化器中流动的废气的压力损失。另外,通过将催化剂层的厚度形成得薄,能够减少用于催化剂层的贵金属的使用量,能够降低成本。
现有技术文献
专利文献1:WO2017/033994
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
但是,在上述的催化转化器中,当废气在催化剂层的活化不充分的状态下在蜂窝通路中流动时,该废气所含有的有害成分(HC、CO、NOx)会排出到外部。另外,近年来,将内燃机及电动机作为动力源的混合动力车辆增加,在车辆的行驶过程中,在动力源从电动机切换到内燃机时,因催化剂层的温度低,因而可能使得废气的净化不充分。
本发明是为了解决以上那样的课题而完成的,其目的在于提供一种内燃机的废气净化系统,能够在确保在废气通路中流动的废气的压力损失的降低和成本降低的同时,作为系统整体,而提高废气的净化性能。
用于解决课题的手段
为了达成上述目的,第一方面的发明提供一种内燃机的废气净化系统1,其具有:第一催化装置(实施方式中的(以下,本项中相同)电加热式催化装置4),其设置在内燃机的排气通路2中;第二催化装置(三元催化装置5),其设置在排气通路中的第一催化装置的下游侧,利用第一催化装置和第二催化装置来净化在排气通路中流动的废气,其特征在于,第一催化装置具有:第一载体基材(蜂窝基材16),其由规定种类的金属构成,具有供废气流动的多个蜂窝通路15;以及第一催化剂成分17,其通过规定的薄膜处理而保持在该第一载体基材的划分出各蜂窝通路的面上,含有一种以上的规定的贵金属,第二催化装置具有:第二载体基材(蜂窝基材26),其具有供废气流动的多个蜂窝通路25;以及第二催化剂成分27,其保持在该第二载体基材的划分出各蜂窝通路的面上,含有一种以上的规定的贵金属,第二载体基材的每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量比第一载体基材的每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量多。
根据该结构,作为废气净化系统,在内燃机的排气通路中设置有第一催化装置,在其下游侧设置有第二催化装置。在第一催化装置的第一载体基材上,在划分出蜂窝通路的面上保持有含有一种以上的规定的贵金属的第一催化剂成分。该第一催化剂成分通过规定的薄膜处理而保持在第一载体基材上,因此,能够使第一催化剂成分非常薄。由此,能够降低第一催化剂成分所使用的贵金属的量,并且能够增大各蜂窝通路的通路面积,由此,能够降低通过第一催化装置的废气的压力损失。
另一方面,在第二催化装置的第二载体基材上,在划分出蜂窝通路的面上保持有含有一种以上的规定的贵金属的第二催化剂成分。该第二载体基材的每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量比第一载体基材的每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量多。由此,能够提高基于第二催化装置的废气的净化性能。因此,根据本发明,能够确保在排气通路中流动的废气的压力损失的降低和成本降低,同时,作为系统整体能够提高废气的净化性能。
第二方面的发明在第一方面所记载的内燃机的废气净化系统的基础上,其特征在于,第一催化剂成分所含有的贵金属是铑,第二催化剂成分所含有的贵金属是钯和/或铂。
根据该结构,通过薄膜处理而薄薄地形成的第一催化剂成分中含有铑。近年来铑的价格比钯、铂高,通过薄薄地形成含有铑的第一催化剂成分,能够降低铑的使用量,与以往的催化装置相比能够实现成本降低。此外,在薄膜催化剂中最有效的是铑,通过在基于薄膜处理得到的第一催化剂成分中含有铑,能够发挥高的净化性能。
第三方面的发明在第一或第二方面所记载的内燃机的废气净化系统的基础上,其特征在于,第一载体基材构成为能够电加热,所述内燃机的废气净化系统还具有加热单元(电池7、ECU8和电极13),所述加热单元通过对第一载体基材进行通电,而对第一载体基材进行加热,加热单元的电极13与第一催化装置的第一载体基材电连接,第一载体基材的下游侧半部(下游侧区域L2d)的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分的保持量比第一载体基材的上游侧半部的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分的保持量多。
根据该结构,在第一催化装置中,由于加热单元的电极与第一载体基材电连接,因此经由该电极而对第一载体基材通电,由此,能够迅速地加热该第一载体基材。另外,在第一载体基材中,其下游侧半部的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分的保持量比上游侧半部的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分的保持量多。即,第一载体基材的上游侧半部的第一催化剂成分的密度变低。由此,能够提高第一载体基材的加热效率。此外,在第一载体基材的上游侧被高效加热的废气流入到净化性能得以提高的下游侧半部,因此,作为第一催化装置,能够更高效地净化废气。
第四方面的发明在第一或第二方面所记载的内燃机的废气净化系统的基础上,其特征在于,第一载体基材构成为能够电加热,所述内燃机的废气净化系统还具有加热单元,所述加热单元通过对第一载体基材进行通电,而加热第一载体基材,在第一载体基材的自上游端向下游侧规定长度的第一区域L1中进行了钎焊,在第一载体基材的第一区域的下游侧的第二区域L2中保持有第一催化剂成分。
根据该结构,在第一载体基材中,为了划分出蜂窝通路,进行与一般的催化装置一样的钎焊。具体而言,金属制的平坦的箔(平箔)和波状的箔(波箔)通过钎焊而接合。根据上述结构,在第一载体基材的自上游端向下游侧的规定长度的第一区域中,进行了平箔和波箔的钎焊。另一方面,在第一载体基材的第一区域的下游侧的第二区域中保持有第一催化剂成分。即,在第一载体基材中,在上游侧进行钎焊,在进行了该钎焊的区域以外的下游侧的区域保持有第一催化剂成分。当这样的第一载体基材被加热单元加热时,能够高效地加热第一载体基材的上游侧,由此,通过上游侧而被加热的废气流入到保持有第一催化剂成分的下游侧,由此,能够高效地净化该废气。
第五方面的发明在第一或第二方面所记载的内燃机的废气净化系统的基础上,其特征在于,第一载体基材构成为能够电加热,所述废气净化系统还具有加热单元,所述加热单元通过对第一载体基材进行通电,而加热第一载体基材,在第一载体基材的径向上,第一载体基材的中央区域R1的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分的保持量,比第一载体基材的位于中央区域的外侧的外周区域R2的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分的保持量多。
根据该结构,在第一载体基材的径向上,其中央区域的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分的保持量比上述外周区域的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分的保持量多。在通过加热单元而加热了第一载体基材的状态下,当温度比该第一载体基材的温度低的废气流入到第一催化装置时,有时第一载体基材的径向的中央侧比外周侧冷。因此,如上所述,在第一载体基材中,通过使径向的中央区域的第一催化剂成分的上述保持量比外周区域的第一催化剂成分的上述保持量多,从而降低中央区域的活性温度,由此,能够均匀地提高第一催化装置的径向上的催化剂活性作用。
第六方面的发明在第三至第五方面中任一项所记载的内燃机的废气净化系统的基础上,其特征在于,所述内燃机的废气净化系统还具有未燃成分吸附材料(HC吸附材料3),该未燃成分吸附材料配置在排气通路中的第一催化装置的上游侧,在低于规定的第一温度时吸附废气中的未燃成分,且在处于第一温度以上时使未燃成分脱离,在处于比第一温度T1低的规定的第二温度T2以下时,所述加热单元开始通电。
根据该结构,未燃成分吸附材料配置在排气通路中的第一催化装置的上游侧。该未燃成分吸附材料在低于规定的第一温度时吸附废气中的未燃成分(例如碳化氢HC),在处于第一温度以上时使吸附的未燃成分脱离。另外,在处于比第一温度低的规定的第二温度以下时,加热单元开始通电。由此,在基于未燃成分吸附材料的未燃成分的开始脱离之前,加热第一催化装置的第一载体基材,提高其温度,从而能够实现第一催化剂成分的活化。
第七方面的发明在第一至第六方面中任一项所记载的内燃机的废气净化系统的基础上,其特征在于,规定的薄膜处理是电弧放电、溅射、离子喷涂、真空蒸镀及镀敷处理中的任一种。
根据该结构,作为用于将第一催化剂成分保持在第一载体基材上的薄膜处理,通过采用电弧放电、溅射、离子喷涂、真空蒸镀及镀敷处理中的任一种,能够容易地在第一载体基材上形成薄膜状的第一催化剂成分。
第八方面的发明在第一至第七方面中任一项所记载的内燃机的废气净化系统的基础上,其特征在于,第一催化剂成分的厚度是0.001~10μm。
根据该结构,第一催化剂成分的厚度是0.001~10μm,因此,能够在确保第一催化装置中的废气的净化功能的同时,实现废气的压力损失的降低及成本降低。
第九方面的发明在第八方面所记载的内燃机的废气净化系统的基础上,其特征在于,第一催化剂成分的厚度小于1μm。
根据该结构,通过使第一催化剂成分的厚度小于1μm,与使第一催化剂成分的厚度为1μm以上的情况相比,能够进一步实现废气的压力损失的降低及成本降低。
附图说明
图1是示意性地表示应用了本发明的一个实施方式的废气净化系统的内燃机的排气系统的图。
图2是示意性地表示电加热式催化装置的图,(a)表示从上游侧观察时的状态,(b)表示纵剖视图。
图3的(a)是放大表示图2的(a)的一部分的图,(b)是放大表示保持在蜂窝基材上的第一催化剂成分的图。
图4是示意性地表示三元催化装置的图,(a)表示从上游侧观察时的状态,(b)表示纵剖视图。
图5的(a)是放大表示图4的(a)的一部分的图,(b)是放大表示保持在蜂窝基材上的第二催化剂成分的图。
标号说明
1:废气净化系统;
2:排气通路;
3:HC吸附材料(未燃成分吸附材料);
4:电加热式催化装置(第一催化装置);
5:三元催化装置(第二催化装置);
6:温度传感器;
7:电池(加热单元);
8:ECU(加热单元);
11:电加热式催化装置的蜂窝芯;
13:电极(加热单元);
15:蜂窝通路;
16:蜂窝基材(第一载体基材);
16a:波板状的金属箔;
16b:平板状的金属箔;
17:第一催化剂成分;
21:三元催化装置的蜂窝芯;
25:蜂窝通路;
26:蜂窝基材(第二载体基材);
27:第二催化剂成分;
d1:第一催化剂成分的厚度;
d2:第二催化剂成分的厚度;
T1:第一温度;
T2:第二温度;
L1:第一区域;
L2:第二区域;
L2u:上游侧区域(上游侧半部);
L2d:下游侧区域(下游侧半部);
R1:中央区域;
R2:外周区域。
具体实施方式
以下,一边参照附图,一边详细说明本发明的优选实施方式。图1示意性地表示应用了本发明的一个实施方式的废气净化系统的内燃机的排气系统。该废气净化系统1适用于作为动力源而具有内燃机和电动机的混合动力车辆等的排气系统,设置在内燃机的排气通路2中。
如图1所示,在废气净化系统1中从排气通路2的上游侧(图1的左侧)起依次具备HC吸附材料3(未燃成分吸附材料)、电加热式催化装置4(第一催化装置)和三元催化装置5(第二催化装置)。
HC吸附材料3由保持有沸石的蜂窝芯(未示出)构成,当在排气通路2中流动的废气经过HC吸附材料3的内部时,作为该废气中的未燃成分的碳化氢(HC)吸附在沸石上。沸石在低温状态(例如低于100℃)时吸附HC,在规定的第一温度T1(例如100℃)以上的状态时,使暂时吸附的HC脱离。
此外,在HC吸附材料3设置有检测其温度的温度传感器6。来自该温度传感器6的检测信号被输出到后述的ECU8。
图2表示电加热式催化装置4。如该图所示,电加热式催化装置4具有:蜂窝芯11、收纳蜂窝芯11的外筒12、为了加热蜂窝芯11而与蜂窝芯11电连接的一对电极13、13。如图3的(a)及(b)所示,蜂窝芯11由蜂窝基材16(第一载体基材)和第一催化剂成分17构成,所述蜂窝基材16具有供废气流动的多个蜂窝通路15,所述第一催化剂成分17在该窝基材16中保持在划分出蜂窝通路15的面上,作为贵金属而含有铑(Rh)。另外,在第一催化剂成分17中除了铑以外,还能够含有其以外的贵金属。
蜂窝基材16具有较薄的规定厚度(例如5μm~70μm),由具有耐热性的规定种类的金属箔(例如不锈钢、铝、钛)构成。此外,该蜂窝基材16将波板状的金属箔(以下适当称为“波箔”)16a和平板状的金属箔(以下适当称为“平箔”)16b重叠而成形为涡卷状,并收纳在外筒12中。其中,通过规定的薄膜处理,在平板状的金属箔的表面预先保持有具有非常薄的厚度d1(例如0.001μm~10μm,更优选小于1μm)的第一催化剂成分17从而构成上述波箔16a和平箔16b。
作为上述薄膜处理,使用电弧放电,将含有铑的催化剂层形成材料蒸镀在上述金属箔上。另外,虽未图示,但基于电弧放电的薄膜处理的金属箔催化剂的制造例如以如下方式进行。在真空腔内配置电弧蒸镀源、和具有金属箔的送出辊及卷取辊的金属箔输送装置,在将真空腔内调整为规定的真空气氛后,从电弧蒸镀源将催化剂层形成用材料的蒸发粒子的等离子照射到送出辊和卷取辊之间的金属箔。由此,可以得到保持有具有上述厚度d1的第一催化剂成分17的长形的金属箔催化剂。
另外,作为上述薄膜处理,除了电弧放电以外,例如还能够采用溅射、离子喷涂、真空蒸镀或镀敷处理。
另外,如图2的(b)所示,在蜂窝基材16中,仅在自上游端(图2的(b)的左端)向下游侧规定长度(例如10mm)的第一区域L1中,进行了波箔16a和平箔16b的钎焊。此外,在蜂窝基材16中,在第一区域L1中没有保持第一催化剂成分17,仅在第一区域L1的下游侧的第二区域L2中保持有第一催化剂成分17。
进而,在蜂窝基材16中,除了整体均匀地设定第一催化剂成分17的保持量以外,还可以按规定区域使上述保持量不同。
例如,如图2的(b)所示,优选的是,将蜂窝基材16的下游侧的大致一半的区域即下游侧区域L2d(下游侧半部)中的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分17的保持量,设定为比蜂窝基材16的上游侧的大致一半的区域即上游侧区域L2u(上游侧半部)的上述保持量多。该情况下,蜂窝基材16的上游侧区域L2u中的第一催化剂成分17的密度比下游侧区域L2d中的第一催化剂成分17的密度低,因此,如后面所描述那样,在通过对蜂窝基材16通电进行加热时,能够提高该蜂窝基材16的加热效率。
另外,如图2的(b)所示,优选的是,将蜂窝基材16的径向的中央区域R1处的每单位体积的第一催化剂成分17的保持量,设定为比蜂窝基材16的位于上述中央区域R1的外侧的外周区域R2的上述保持量多。其理由如下。即,在对蜂窝基材16进行了加热的状态下,当温度比该蜂窝基材16的温度低的废气流入到电加热式催化装置4时,蜂窝基材16的上述中央区域R1有时比上述外周区域R2冷。因此,如上所述,在蜂窝基材16中,通过将中央区域R1处的第一催化剂成分17的上述保持量设定为比外周区域R2的第一催化剂成分17的上述保持量多,从而降低了中央区域R1的活性温度,由此,能够使电加热式催化装置4的蜂窝芯11的径向上的催化活性作用均匀地提高。
另外,上述蜂窝基材16构成为:通过来自电池7的电力供给而发热,从而被加热至规定温度。在蜂窝基材16的上游侧区域L2u电连接有一对电极13、13,来自电池7的电力经由电极13而供给到蜂窝基材16。另外,从电池7向蜂窝基材16的电力供给由ECU8控制。如上所述,该ECU8与检测HC吸附材料3的温度的温度传感器6电连接,根据该检测结果来执行电加热式催化装置4的加热控制。
例如,在基于电动机的车辆的行驶过程中,将动力源变更为内燃机时,在HC吸附材料3的温度处于比第一温度T1低的规定的第二温度T2(例如,50℃)以下时,开始对蜂窝基材16通电。由此,在从电动机变更为内燃机后,在HC吸附材料3中,在暂时吸附的HC开始脱离之前,能够提高蜂窝基材16的温度,能够实现第一催化剂成分17的活化。另外,本发明的加热单元由电池7、ECU8以及电极13等构成。
图4表示三元催化装置5。该三元催化装置5具有金属制或陶瓷制的蜂窝芯21、和收纳该蜂窝芯21的外筒22。如图5所示,蜂窝芯21由蜂窝基材26(第二载体基材)和第二催化剂成分27构成,所述蜂窝基材26具有多个蜂窝通路25,所述第二催化剂成分27在该蜂窝基材26中保持在划分出蜂窝通路25的面上,作为贵金属而含有钯(Pd)和/或铂(Pt)。另外,在该第二催化剂成分27中除了上述贵金属以外,还可以含有其他贵金属(例如铑)。
金属制的蜂窝基材26中,与所述电加热式催化装置4的蜂窝基材16一样,由具有规定厚度的规定种类的金属箔构成,将波箔26a和平箔26b重叠而成形为涡卷状,收纳在外筒22中。另外,在陶瓷制的蜂窝芯21中,以具有多个蜂窝通路25的方式一体成形相当于上述波箔26a和平箔26的部分。
第二催化剂成分27具有比电加热式催化装置4的第一催化剂成分17的厚度d1厚的规定厚度d2。另外,该第二催化剂成分27通过与所述电加热式催化装置4的蜂窝基材16的制造时一样的薄膜处理,除了保持在蜂窝基材26上,还能够在制作具有多个蜂窝通路25的蜂窝基材26之后,在划分出蜂窝通路25的面上保持第二催化剂成分27。
并且,在三元催化装置5中,蜂窝基材26中的每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量被设定为比所述电加热式催化装置4的蜂窝基材16中的每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量多(例如8~10倍)。
在如上所述那样构造出的废气净化系统1中,内燃机开始运转,在排气通路2流动的废气被HC吸附材料3、电加热式催化装置4和三元催化装置5净化。具体而言,当废气流入到HC吸附材料3时,当HC吸附材料3处于第一温度T1以下时,该废气中的HC被HC吸附材料3吸附。另外,当HC吸附材料3的温度处于比第一温度低的第二温度以下时,在内燃机开始运转之前,在电加热式催化装置4中开始通电,从而对蜂窝基材16进行加热。由此,促进了电加热式催化装置4的第一催化剂成分17的活化。然后,通过该第一催化剂成分17所含有的铑来还原废气中的NOx,净化成N2和O2。另外,当废气通过电加热式催化装置4流入到三元催化装置5时,通过该三元催化装置5的第二催化剂成分27所含有的钯和/或铂,将废气中的HC和CO氧化,净化成CO2
如上所述,根据本实施方式,电加热式催化装置4的蜂窝芯11中的第一催化剂成分17通过薄膜处理而非常薄,即,其厚度d1为0.001μm~10μm(更优选的是小于1μm),因此,可以降低第一催化剂成分17中使用的铑等贵金属的量,并且可以增大各蜂窝通路15的通路面积,由此,能够降低通过电加热式催化装置4的废气的压力损失。另外,在三元催化装置5的蜂窝芯21中的蜂窝基材26中,每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量大于电加热式催化装置4的蜂窝芯11中的蜂窝基材16的每单位体积的贵金属的总含有量。由此,能够提高基于三元催化装置5的废气的净化性能。因此,根据本实施方式的废气净化系统1,能够确保在排气通路2中流动的废气的压力损失的降低和成本降低,同时,作为系统整体能够提高废气的净化性能。
此外,在电加热式催化装置4中,由于电极13与蜂窝基材16的上游侧区域L2u电连接,因此,经由该电极13而对蜂窝基材16进行通电,由此,能够迅速地对该上游侧区域L2u进行加热。另外,由于蜂窝基材16的上游侧区域L2u中的第一催化剂成分17的密度低于下游侧区域L2d中的第一催化剂成分17的密度,因此可以提高蜂窝基材16的加热效率。此外,在蜂窝基材16的上游侧区域L2u被高效地加热的废气流入到净化性能得以提高的下游侧区域L2d,因此,作为电加热式催化装置4,能够更高效地净化废气。
另外,本发明不限于所说明的上述实施方式,能够以各种方式进行实施。例如,在实施方式中,对应用于混合动力车辆的情况进行了说明,但本发明并不限定于此,当然也可以应用于作为动力源仅搭载有汽油发动机或柴油发动机的车辆。
另外,在实施方式中,作为用于在电加热式催化装置4的蜂窝基材16上保持第一催化剂成分17的薄膜处理,而例示了电弧放电,并且列举了溅射、离子喷涂、真空蒸镀及镀敷处理,但是本发明的薄膜处理除了这些以外能够适当采用各种薄膜处理。另外,实施方式中所示的废气净化系统1、HC吸附材料3、电加热式催化装置4及三元催化装置5的详细结构等只不过是例示,可以在本发明的主旨的范围内适当变更。

Claims (9)

1.一种内燃机的废气净化系统,其具有:第一催化装置,其设置在内燃机的排气通路中;以及第二催化装置,其设置在该排气通路中的所述第一催化装置的下游侧,通过所述第一催化装置和所述第二催化装置对在所述排气通路中流动的废气进行净化,
其特征在于,
所述第一催化装置具有:
第一载体基材,其由规定种类的金属构成,具有供所述废气流动的多个蜂窝通路;以及
第一催化剂成分,其通过规定的薄膜处理而保持在该第一载体基材的划分出各所述蜂窝通路的面上,含有一种以上的规定的贵金属,
所述第二催化装置具有:
第二载体基材,其具有供所述废气流动的多个蜂窝通路;以及
第二催化剂成分,其保持在该第二载体基材的划分出各所述蜂窝通路的面上,含有一种以上的规定的贵金属,
所述第二载体基材中的每单位体积的所述贵金属的总含有量比所述第一载体基材中的每单位体积的所述贵金属的总含有量多,
所述第一载体基材构成为能够电加热,
所述内燃机的废气净化系统还具有加热单元,该加热单元通过对所述第一载体基材进行通电,来加热该第一载体基材,
在所述第一载体基材的自上游端向下游侧规定长度的第一区域中,进行了钎焊,
在所述第一载体基材的所述第一区域的下游侧的第二区域中保持有所述第一催化剂成分,在所述第一载体基材的所述第一区域中没有保持所述第一催化剂成分,
所述第一载体基材包括多个金属箔,
在所述第一区域中在相邻的所述金属箔之间进行了钎焊,并且在所述第二区域中没有进行钎焊。
2.根据权利要求1所述的内燃机的废气净化系统,其特征在于,
所述第一催化剂成分中含有的贵金属是铑,
所述第二催化剂成分中含有的贵金属是钯和/或铂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机的废气净化系统,其特征在于,
所述加热单元的电极与所述第一催化装置的所述第一载体基材电连接,
所述第一载体基材的下游侧半部的每单位体积的所述第一催化剂成分的保持量,比该第一载体基材的上游侧半部的每单位体积的所述第一催化剂成分的保持量多。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机的废气净化系统,其特征在于,
在所述第一载体基材的径向上,该第一载体基材的中央区域的每单位体积的所述第一催化剂成分的保持量,比该第一载体基材的位于所述中央区域的外侧的外周区域中的每单位体积的所述第一催化剂成分的保持量多。
5.根据权利要求3所述的内燃机的废气净化系统,其特征在于,
所述内燃机的废气净化系统还具有未燃成分吸附材料,该未燃成分吸附材料配置在所述排气通路中的所述第一催化装置的上游侧,在低于规定的第一温度时吸附所述废气中的未燃成分,且在处于所述第一温度以上时使所述未燃成分脱离,
在处于比所述第一温度低的规定的第二温度以下时,所述加热单元开始通电。
6.根据权利要求4所述的内燃机的废气净化系统,其特征在于,
所述内燃机的废气净化系统还具有未燃成分吸附材料,该未燃成分吸附材料配置在所述排气通路中的所述第一催化装置的上游侧,在低于规定的第一温度时吸附所述废气中的未燃成分,且在处于所述第一温度以上时使所述未燃成分脱离,
在处于比所述第一温度低的规定的第二温度以下时,所述加热单元开始通电。
7.根据权利要求1所述的内燃机的废气净化系统,其特征在于,
所述规定的薄膜处理是电弧放电、溅射、离子喷涂、真空蒸镀及镀敷处理中的任一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的内燃机的废气净化系统,其特征在于,
所述第一催化剂成分的厚度是0.001~10μm。
9.根据权利要求8所述的内燃机的废气净化系统,其特征在于,
所述第一催化剂成分的厚度小于1μm。
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