CN113372171A - Full-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Full-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a complete element biological organic fertilizer for corn and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of urea, 20-24 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-25 parts of potassium sulfate, 10-14 parts of decomposed organic matters, 3-5 parts of potassium fulvate and 2-3 parts of bentonite; the fertilizer is granulated and formed, and then microbial inoculum with concentration of 0.2 × 10 is added8 CFU g‑1. The fertilizer provided by the invention can activate soil, prevent and treat plant diseases and insect pests, degrade heavy metals and improve the yield and quality of corn.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers; in particular to a complete element biological organic fertilizer for corn and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Corn is an annual herbaceous plant of the family poaceae. Also named as corn, corn cob, corn, pearl rice, etc. It is an important grain crop in the world. Compared with traditional grain crops such as rice, wheat and the like, the corn has strong drought tolerance, cold tolerance, barren tolerance and excellent environmental adaptability. The corn has high nutritive value, and high nutritive substances such as riboflavin contained in the corn are very beneficial to human bodies and are excellent grain crops. As a high-yield grain crop in china, corn is an important feed source in animal husbandry, aquaculture, and the like, and is one of indispensable raw materials for food, medical care, light industry, chemical industry, and the like. Because the corn resources are extremely rich, cheap and easy to obtain, the corn also has a plurality of biological activities, such as oxidation resistance, tumor resistance, blood sugar reduction, immunity improvement, bacteriostasis, sterilization and the like, and has wide development and application prospects.
The corn special fertilizer is various, but mainly takes inorganic compound fertilizer, soil hardening is easy to cause after long-term application, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is low, diseases and insect pests can not be effectively prevented and controlled, and the product quality can not be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a complete-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the full-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of urea, 20-24 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-25 parts of potassium sulfate, 10-14 parts of decomposed organic matters, 3-5 parts of potassium fulvate and 2-3 parts of bentonite; the fertilizer is granulated and formedAlso contains microbial agent with concentration of 0.2 × 108CFU·g-1。
In a preferred scheme, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of urea, 20-24 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-25 parts of potassium sulfate, 10-14 parts of humic acid and 2-3 parts of bentonite; the fertilizer is also added with microbial inoculum with the concentration of 0.2 multiplied by 108CFU·g-1。
Furthermore, the decomposed organic matter is decomposed by a bran decomposition agent for 3 months, and the content of the decomposed organic matter is more than 70%.
Further, the microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis, SQR9 bacillus amyloliquefaciens, lateral saturated bacillus and trichoderma in a ratio of 480-500: 15-25: 2-5.
Further, the ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the SQR9 bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the lateral saturated bacillus and the trichoderma in the microbial agent is 485:485:15: 5. The SQR9 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is provided, and the strain is prepared into standard-meeting compound bacteria with other microbial strains produced by the company according to the requirements of the Zhongkemei group, and the standard-meeting compound bacteria are used for production after being detected to be qualified.
The invention also relates to a method for preparing the complete-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium fulvate, decomposed organic matters and bentonite according to a ratio, crushing and uniformly mixing;
2) and (3) introducing steam for heating after the crushed materials are uniformly mixed, performing drum granulation, and performing disc granulation:
3) and drying and screening the granulated fertilizer, carrying out microbial coating on the screened qualified granules by using a viable bacteria coating technology, and packaging to obtain the complete biological organic fertilizer for the corn.
Further, steam is heated to 50-80 ℃ in the step 2).
Further, the moisture content after drying in step 3) is 10% or less.
Further, in the screening process, fine powder of 2 mm or less and large particles of 4 mm or more are removed by screening, and the process returns to the step 1) for reuse.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, a large amount of organic matters are introduced into the fertilizer, wherein the organic matters comprise decomposed organic matters and potassium humate, so that the soil can be effectively loosened; meanwhile, the bacillus subtilis is added, which is beneficial to preventing soil hardening.
2. The bacillus subtilis and the SQR9 bacillus amyloliquefaciens are used as main microbial inoculums and have the functions of dissolving phosphorus and activating potassium and improving soil, meanwhile, a certain amount of bacillus laterosporus is added, the content of heavy metals in the soil is favorably reduced, in addition, a certain amount of trichoderma is added, the pest and disease damage can be effectively prevented, the bacillus subtilis and the trichoderma are combined, the synergistic effect is realized, the adding amount of the trichoderma needs to be controlled, otherwise, the antagonism is generated on other microbial inoculums, and the survival of other strains is influenced.
3. The fertilizer provided by the invention is used for planting corn, promotes the growth of the corn by improving soil, improves the yield, effectively prevents diseases and pests such as large and small leaf spot diseases, black silk and the like, and can also improve the quality of the corn, such as the sugar content of fresh corn.
4. According to the fertilizer provided by the invention, the bentonite is added in the formula, so that on one hand, the molding can be assisted in the granulation process, and a certain calcium nutrient can be provided for the absorption of plants; in the fertilizer granulation process, the rotary drum granulation is adopted firstly, and then the disc granulation is carried out, so that the strength of fertilizer particles can be effectively improved, the pulverization phenomenon is reduced, the preparation efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the growth effect of the full-element bio-organic fertilizer in example 3 at different times during the corn planting process, and no diseases and insect pests are caused during the corn growth process.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the following examples:
the decomposed organic matter is decomposed by adding water and a decomposing agent into bran coats, wherein the decomposing agent is purchased from Hubei Qiming bioengineering Co. The decomposing time is 3 months. According to the invention, the organic matter obtained by decomposition is detected, and the water content is 29.96% by mass. In dry basis, N2O 1.38％、P2O5 0.96％、K24.5 percent of O, 84.07 percent of organic matter, 6.5 percent of pH value of decomposed organic matter and 2.3 multiplied by 10 of number of mixed bacteria6CFU·g-1。
In the potassium fulvate used, H2O 0.5％，N+K219.0 percent of O, 62.5 percent of fulvic acid, and preferably a product of Shizhu agricultural science and technology limited company in Hubei.
The microbial agent comprises Bacillus subtilis, SQR9 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus laterosporus and Trichoderma.
Wherein the bacillus subtilis is provided for Medita of Chinese family; the SQR9 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is provided by Nanjing university of agriculture and has a preservation number of CGMCC NO. 5808; bacillus laterosporus is provided by Komadaga; the intermediate science of trichoderma provides.
The preparation method of the microbial agent comprises the steps of mixing four microbial agents according to the proportion of 485:485:15:5, and adding the viable bacteria coating agent.
Example 1:
a complete element biological organic fertilizer for corn, 35kg of urea, 24kg of monoammonium phosphate, 21kg of potassium sulfate, 14kg of decomposed organic matter, 3kg of potassium fulvate and 3kg of bentonite; after the fertilizer is granulated and formed, 0.5kg of powder microbial agent with the concentration of 0.2 multiplied by 10 is also added8CFU g-1. The ratio of bacillus subtilis, SQR9 bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus laterosporus and trichoderma in the microbial agent is 490:483:25: 2.
During the preparation process, the raw materials are mixed,
1) weighing urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium fulvate, decomposed organic matters and bentonite according to a ratio, crushing and uniformly mixing;
2) uniformly mixing the crushed materials, introducing steam, heating to 50-80 ℃, performing drum granulation, and performing disc granulation:
3) drying the granulated fertilizer until the moisture content is below 10%, screening to remove fine powder below 2 mm and large particles above 4 mm, spraying a microbial agent on the screened qualified particles, and packaging to obtain the complete biological organic fertilizer for the corn; and (3) returning the screened unqualified materials to the step 1) for reuse.
Example 2:
40kg of urea, 20kg of monoammonium phosphate, 25kg of potassium sulfate, 10kg of decomposed organic matters, 3kg of potassium fulvate and 2kg of bentonite; after the fertilizer is granulated and formed, 0.5kg of powder microbial agent with the concentration of 0.2 multiplied by 10 is also added8CFU g-1。
The ratio of bacillus subtilis, SQR9 bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus laterosporus and trichoderma in the microbial agent is 480:490:15: 5.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3:
36kg of urea, 22kg of monoammonium phosphate, 23kg of potassium sulfate, 12kg of decomposed organic matters, 4kg of potassium fulvate and 3kg of bentonite; after the fertilizer is granulated and formed, 0.5kg of powder microbial agent with the concentration of 0.2 multiplied by 10 is also added8CFU g-1. The ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the SQR9 bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the lateral saturated bacillus and the trichoderma in the microbial agent is 485:485:15: 5.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1:
the microbial agent is SQR9 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus lateral satisfaciens and Trichoderma in a ratio of 980:15: 5. The rest is the same as example 3.
Comparative example 2:
the microbial agent is Bacillus subtilis, SQR9 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma in the ratio of 491 to 8. The rest is the same as example 3.
Comparative example 3:
the microbial agent is bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus and trichoderma; the ratio was 980:15: 5. The rest is the same as example 3.
The fertilizers of the above examples and comparative examples were used for planting tests of corn. The specific fertilization method is shown in table 1 below, and finally the soil data and yield data of each example and comparative example are shown in tables 2 and 3.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
The special fertilizer for the corn can meet the absorption of the corn on various nutrients, improve the yield and sweetness of the corn, activate soil, improve the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and improve the utilization rate of effective components in the fertilizer, thereby reducing the using amount of chemical fertilizer, improving the quality of crops, being green and environment-friendly, having less plant diseases and insect pests, and being uniform in corn size and full in grains.
Claims (10)
1. A complete component bio-organic fertilizer for maize which is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of urea, 20-24 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-25 parts of potassium sulfate, 10-14 parts of decomposed organic matters, 3-5 parts of potassium fulvate and 2-3 parts of bentonite; the fertilizer is added withThe concentration of the compound microbial agent is 0.2 multiplied by 108 CFU· g-1。
2. The all-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of urea, 20-24 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-25 parts of potassium sulfate, 10-14 parts of humic acid and 2-3 parts of bentonite; the fertilizer is also added with a compound microbial agent with the concentration of 0.2 multiplied by 108 CFU ·g-1。
3. The all-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: the decomposed organic matter is decomposed by a bran decomposing agent, the decomposing time is 3 months, and the content of the decomposed organic matter is more than 70%.
4. The all-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis, SQR9 bacillus amyloliquefaciens, lateral saturated bacillus and trichoderma in a ratio of 480-500: 15-25: 2-5.
5. The all-element bio-organic fertilizer for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the SQR9 bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the lateral saturated bacillus and the trichoderma in the microbial agent is 485:485:15: 5.
6. The method for preparing the all-element bio-organic fertilizer for the corns in any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) weighing urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium fulvate, decomposed organic matters and bentonite according to a ratio, crushing and uniformly mixing;
2) and (3) introducing steam for heating after the crushed materials are uniformly mixed, performing drum granulation, and performing disc granulation:
3) and drying and screening the granulated fertilizer, carrying out microbial coating on the screened qualified granules by using a viable bacteria coating technology, and packaging to obtain the complete biological organic fertilizer for the corn.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), steam is heated to 50-80 ℃.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: and conveying the material at the outlet of the rotary drum granulator to a disc granulator through a belt for granulating again and polishing.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the moisture content after drying in step 3) is below 10%.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the screening process, fine powder below 2 mm and large particles above 4 mm are screened out, and the fine powder is returned to the step 1) for reuse.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Application publication date: 20210910 |