CN113367029A - Submerged plant planting carrier under hard substrate background and planting method - Google Patents
Submerged plant planting carrier under hard substrate background and planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113367029A CN113367029A CN202110764107.3A CN202110764107A CN113367029A CN 113367029 A CN113367029 A CN 113367029A CN 202110764107 A CN202110764107 A CN 202110764107A CN 113367029 A CN113367029 A CN 113367029A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
Abstract
The invention provides a planting carrier for submerged water plants with hard substrate backgrounds, which comprises: the bearing part and the wire loop part are fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper end surface of the bearing part; the wire ring part is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped wires which are not connected with each other, and two ends of each strip-shaped wire are fixed on the same end face of the bearing part. The advantages are that: the adsorption capacity is strong, the filler has the characteristic of fixing the filler, and suspended substances such as floating dust, silt and the like in water can be adsorbed, so that the effect of enhancing the landscape of the water body is achieved; root conditions can also be provided for the submerged plants during the growth process of the submerged plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting of submerged plants under a hard substrate background, in particular to a submerged plant planting carrier under a hard substrate background and a planting method.
Background
Submerged plants have irreplaceable status and role in aquatic ecosystems. The existing research generally considers that submerged plants can increase dissolved oxygen in water, purify water quality, enlarge effective living space of aquatic animals, and provide tender parts of the submerged plants for aquatic animals to eat, so that the whole aquatic ecosystem is improved.
The hard substrate is convenient to clean, and is widely applied to landscape water bodies in parks, urban rivers and communities to form a so-called 'three-side light' water body. Although the landscape effect of the landscape water body with the hard bottom is good, the survival rate of the submerged plants is low due to the fact that under the hard water bottom environment, the aquatic plants, particularly the submerged plants lack the conditions needed by roots, and the conditions of hard water landscape effect, poor water body self-purification capacity, difficult water quality maintenance, deteriorated water quality and water body eutrophication frequently occur.
At present, the research on the planting technology of submerged plants in a hard substrate background is less, and under the background, the problems of planting and maintaining submerged plants are not effectively solved, so that the method is still a great problem in the treatment and maintenance of urban landscape water body pollution. Aiming at the problem, a major research and development project in Hubei province in 2020 is also specially researched and developed around the problem of recovery of submerged plants in the habitats such as lakes with low transparency, high organic matters and hard substrates.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a submerged plant planting carrier and a submerged plant planting method under the background of hard substrate, aiming at overcoming the technical defects, improving the survival rate of submerged plants and improving the self-purification capability and water quality of water.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a submerged aquatic plant planting carrier with a hard substrate background comprises a bearing part and a wire loop part, wherein the bottom of the wire loop part is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the bearing part;
the wire ring part is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped wires which are not connected with each other, and two ends of each strip-shaped wire are fixed on the same end face of the bearing part.
Preferably, the space formed by the bearing part and the wire loop part is used for bearing the filler; the filler is a mixture of plant seeds and nutrient soil.
Preferably, the bearing part is rectangular, square, circular, pentagonal, hexagonal or other shape.
Preferably, the device also comprises a plurality of lifting ropes, so that one end of each lifting rope is bound on a corresponding lifting hole formed in the edge of the bearing part; the other ends of the lifting ropes are bound together for hanging.
Preferably, the vertical distance between adjacent hanging holes on the bearing part is 28-32 cm; the vertical distance between the lifting hole and the edge of the bearing part is 2-4 cm.
A method for planting submerged plants on a hard substrate background using the submerged plant planting carrier of any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the rooting powder aqueous solution and the germination accelerating agent aqueous solution according to equal volume, and soaking plant seeds to be planted in the mixture for later use;
s2, fully mixing the plant seeds obtained in the step S1 with nutrient soil, and putting the mixture into a plant planting carrier for later use;
s3, connecting one end of a lifting rope with the lifting holes on the plant planting carrier obtained in the step S2, wherein each lifting rope corresponds to one lifting hole, so that the ends of the lifting ropes departing from the plant planting carrier are connected together, and then moving the plant planting carrier into the planting pot through the lifting ropes;
s4, always keeping the liquid level in the planting pot higher than the top of the plant planting carrier by 2-3cm in the seed germination stage; in the seedling stage and the growth stage, the liquid level in the planting pot is always kept 5-8cm higher than the top of the plant planting carrier;
s5, transplanting and planting: the plant planting carrier is moved away from the planting pot through the lifting rope and then placed into the hard substrate planting pool, and the position of the plant planting carrier in the hard substrate planting pool is adjusted through the lifting rope.
Preferably, in the seedling stage, spraying the rooting powder aqueous solution once every 7 to 10 days; spraying a germination accelerating agent aqueous solution every 7-10 days in the growth period until the leaves and stems of the plants planted in the plant planting carrier grow to 8-12cm, and then carrying out transplanting and field planting;
preferably, 150ml of water is added to every 1g of rooting powder in the rooting powder aqueous solution; the germination accelerating agent water solution is prepared by adding 600ml of water to every 1ml of germination accelerating agent.
The invention relates to a submerged plant planting carrier and a planting method under a hard substrate background, which have the advantages that:
1. the planting carrier structure designed by the invention has strong adsorption capacity and the characteristic of fixing the filler, can adsorb suspended substances such as floating dust, silt and the like in water, and achieves the effect of enhancing the landscape of the water body; root conditions can also be provided for the submerged plants in the growth process of the submerged plants;
2. the planting carrier structure designed by the invention has strong water permeable function, and can realize the material exchange between the eutrophic water body and the filler; moreover, the selection of the structural material ensures that the structure has enough corrosion resistance and toughness and firm structure;
3. the planting carrier structure designed by the invention is convenient to mount and dismount, wide in application range and strong in practicability;
4. the lifting holes in the structure of the invention are matched with the lifting ropes, so that the movement and the fixation of the planting carriers are convenient, the fast greening of the hard pool bottom can be realized, the working procedure is simple, and the maintenance is simple and convenient; in the subsequent maintenance, a certain planting carrier can be independently replaced, and the loss of the filler cannot be caused after the planting carrier is disassembled;
5. by planting the submerged plants by the method, the stability in water can be effectively ensured, so that the water quality of the water body can be clear from turbidity under the purification effect of the submerged plants, and the illumination quantity of the submerged plants in the water body is increased in the state, so that the growth state of the submerged plants is accelerated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a submerged plant planting carrier without fillers and lifting ropes under a hard substrate background according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a submerged plant planting carrier with a hard substrate background provided with fillers and lifting ropes;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the square bearing part;
FIG. 4 shows the germination rates of the seeds of the Chinese bittersweet herb under the mixed liquid with different mixture ratios;
wherein:
the bearing part 1, the lifting hole 11, the wire loop part 2, the filler 3 and the lifting rope 4.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a carrier for planting a submerged plant in a hard substrate background, comprising: the device comprises a bearing part 1 and a wire loop part 2, wherein the bottom of the wire loop part is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the bearing part 1;
the wire ring part 2 is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped wires which are not connected with each other, and two ends of each strip-shaped wire are fixed on the same end surface of the bearing part 1;
the wire ring part 2 is of a porous structure, has strong adsorption capacity, can adsorb suspended substances such as floating dust, silt and the like in water, achieves the effect of enhancing the landscape of a water body, and can provide root conditions for submerged plants in the growth process of the submerged plants; the material is degradable, and the rebound resilience is good;
the space formed by the bearing part 1 and the wire ring part 2 is used for bearing the filler 3; the filler 3 is a mixture of plant seeds and nutrient soil; the porous structure formed in the wire ring part 2 is used for containing the aggregation filler 3, so that the planting carrier has strong water permeable function and can realize the material exchange between the eutrophic water body and the filler 3;
the plant seeds are submerged plant seeds, and one or more of dwarf sowthistle, malayan euglena and golden carp algae can be selected;
the planting carrier is made of high-quality resin powder PVC composite materials and is melted and extruded at high temperature;
the bearing part 1 is rectangular, square, round, pentagonal, hexagonal or other shapes.
In a specific embodiment, the planting carrier further comprises a plurality of lifting ropes 4, so that one end of each lifting rope 4 is tied to a corresponding lifting hole 11 formed in the edge of the bearing part 1; the other ends of the lifting ropes 4 are bound together and are used for hanging to increase the moving portability of the planting carrier and adjusting the position of the planting carrier in an outdoor hard substrate planting pool; the lifting rope 4 is preferably made of nylon, so that the flexibility is good and the lifting rope is not easy to break;
the vertical distance between the adjacent hanging holes 11 on the bearing part 1 is 28-32cm, the operation is difficult due to too close distance, and the tipping is easy during the moving process due to too far distance; the vertical distance between the hanging hole 11 and the edge of the bearing part 1 is 2-4cm, the filling materials such as seeds and the filling materials 3 in the plant planting carrier of the invention are easy to leak when the distance is too far, and the bearing part 1 is easy to tear due to gravity when the distance is too close.
A method for planting plants in a submerged water plant under a hard substrate background comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the rooting powder aqueous solution and the germination agent aqueous solution according to the volume of 1:1, respectively taking 250ml of the rooting powder aqueous solution and the germination agent aqueous solution in the experiment, namely 500ml of mixed solution, and soaking the tape grass seeds for 4 hours for later use;
adding 150ml of water into every 1g of rooting powder in the rooting powder aqueous solution; adding 600ml of water into every 1ml of germinant in the germinant water solution;
in detail, the rooting powder and the germinator are common reagents purchased from the market;
s2, fully mixing the eel grass seeds obtained in the step S1 with nutrient soil, and then putting the mixture into a plant planting carrier (at this time, the mixture of the eel grass seeds and the nutrient soil falls into the containing space formed by the bearing part 1 and the silk ring part 2, so that the seeds are attached to the plant planting carrier) for standby;
s3, connecting one end of each lifting rope 4 with the lifting hole 11 on the plant planting carrier obtained in the step S2, wherein each lifting rope 4 corresponds to one lifting hole 11, so that one ends of the lifting ropes 4 departing from the plant planting carrier are connected together, then moving the plant planting carrier into the planting pot through the lifting ropes 4, and enabling the liquid level of water in the planting pot to be 3cm above the top of the plant planting carrier;
s4, in the seed germination stage, the liquid level in the planting pot is kept higher than the top of the plant planting carrier by 3cm all the time to prevent the seeds from oxygen deficiency and carrying out anaerobic respiration to influence the germination rate, timely water supplement is regularly observed to avoid the situation that the seeds are exposed out of the water surface and then dried to cause that the seeds cannot germinate because the water surface is lower than the wire coil part 2 too much, and the temperature is controlled at 20 ℃;
the seedling stage is to shorten the seedling cultivation period, and a plant seedling lamp (four red and two blue) can be used for supplementing light; simultaneously keeping the liquid level in the planting pot to be 7cm higher than the top of the plant planting carrier, and spraying 50ml of rooting powder aqueous solution (specifically: every 1g of rooting powder in the rooting powder aqueous solution is mixed with 150ml of water) every 8 days according to the growth condition of seedlings, wherein the temperature is controlled at 20 ℃;
in the growth period, the liquid level in the planting pot is always kept higher than the top of the plant planting carrier by 7cm, and nutrient solution is sprayed once every 8 days according to the growth condition of seedlings, 50ml of nutrient solution is sprayed every time in the experiment (specifically, 600ml of water is mixed with every 1ml of germination accelerating agent in the nutrient solution), and the transplanting and field planting can be carried out until the plant leaves and stems planted in the plant planting carrier grow to 10 cm;
s5, transplanting and planting: in 3, in the season suitable for planting the tape grass in the middle ten days, the plant planting carriers are moved from the planting pots by the lifting ropes 4 and then are placed in the hard bottom planting pools, and the positions of the plant planting carriers in the hard bottom planting pools are adjusted by the lifting ropes 4; a layer of plant planting carriers are densely and flatly laid in the planting pool without gaps, so that the overall stability of the plant planting carriers in water is ensured;
in the process of the method, the bearing part 1 is rectangular, the length of a planting pot is 44 cm, the width of the planting pot is 22 cm, and the height of the planting pot is 15 cm; after the plant planting carrier is placed in the planting pot, water with the initial depth of 5cm is injected into the planting pot, so that the liquid level in the planting pot is 3cm above the top of the plant planting carrier, and the depth of the water can be controlled in a mode of increasing or reducing water quantity;
if the plant cultivation carrier is transplanted to a river channel with turbulent water flow, the plant cultivation carrier can be bound in the hanging holes of the adjacent plant cultivation carriers through the hanging ropes so as to improve the overall stability of the plant cultivation carrier, and in the initial stage, the plant cultivation carrier needs to be placed at a position 0.6 m below the water surface by the hanging ropes due to high turbidity of outdoor natural water (the height is the height which is good in illumination and can realize normal photosynthesis of submerged plants);
in the planting process, the water quality of the water body can be clear from turbidity under the purification effect of the submerged plants, the illumination quantity of the submerged plants in the water body is increased in the state, and the growth state of the submerged plants can be accelerated. The position of the plant planting carrier in water needs to be regularly observed and deepened to prevent the plants from withering due to sunlight irradiation and influencing the transplanting survival rate.
If the excessive growth of the submerged plant needs to be inhibited, the illumination quantity of the submerged plant can be reduced by increasing the depth of the submerged plant, so that the effect of inhibiting the growth is obtained;
if the submerged plant needs to be promoted to grow, a proper amount of rooting liquid and nutrient solution can be sprayed to provide sufficient nutrition for the seeds and the submerged plants of the submerged plant so as to ensure the vigorous growth of the submerged plant. And applying additional fertilizer for 2 times to promote the growth and development of plants.
Experiment one:
selecting bitter herbs as experimental materials, designing four experimental groups for planting submerged plants, namely the planting method, artificial hole digging, gabion bottom sinking and ecological grass bag, and designing 100 seeds for each experimental group;
in the experiment, three planting methods of artificial hole digging, gabion bottom sinking and ecological grass covering adopt the prior art mode; observing the plant planting uniformity, collecting all the tape grass samples, and measuring the average plant height, survival rate and environmental protection performance of each experimental group (wherein the measuring mode is carried out by the existing means); the results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table 1, the average plant height in the planting method of the present invention is the highest and reaches 12.11cm, and the survival rate is the highest and reaches 90%, which shows that the planting method of the present invention is obviously superior to other planting methods, and simultaneously shows that the plant planting carrier used in the present invention also has environmental protection property, and is convenient for popularization and use.
Experiment two:
the influence of the selected reagent on the germination rate of the seeds in the mode of the invention is verified:
experimental design, eleven experimental groups are respectively arranged according to different mixing ratios of the rooting powder aqueous solution and the germinant aqueous solution, wherein 150m l water is added to every 1g of rooting powder in the rooting powder aqueous solution, and 600ml of water is added to every 1m l germinants in the germinant aqueous solution; each group is provided with three repeated experimental groups, 100 seeds are soaked in each group, and the total amount of the mixed solvent is 500 ml;
in eleven experiments, mixed solutions of the rooting powder aqueous solution and the germination accelerating agent aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as mixed solutions) are prepared according to eleven proportions, the germination rates of the mixture solutions to the tape grass seeds are shown in fig. 4 (wherein the abscissa represents the mixed solutions with different proportions, for example, the rooting powder aqueous solution: the germination accelerating agent aqueous solution is 1:9, namely 50ml of the rooting powder aqueous solution, 450ml of the germination accelerating agent aqueous solution and the ordinate represents the germination rate of the tape grass seeds in 500ml of the mixed solution), and finally, the optimal proportion is 4: 6 to 6: 4, further shortening the proportional concentration gradient, and mixing the rooting powder aqueous solution and the germination accelerating agent aqueous solution according to the volume of 1:1 to obtain the tape grass seed with the highest germination rate.
Experiment three:
selecting the bitter herbs as experimental materials, designing four experimental groups for planting submerged plants, namely the planting method, the artificial hole digging, the gabion bottom sinking and the ecological grass bag, and designing 100 bitter herbs in each experimental group;
in the experiment, three planting methods of artificial hole digging, gabion bottom sinking and ecological grass bag adopt the prior art mode, are placed under the same hard substrate background in the same growth period and the same time, are carried out in the planting process for 30 days in total, and carry out one-time measurement on total phosphorus mass concentration (mg/L), total nitrogen mass concentration (mg/L) and chemical oxygen demand mass concentration (mg/L) in water respectively on the 5 th day, the 10 th day, the 15 th day and the 30 th day, and the measurement results are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the above Table 2, the planting method of the present invention has a small difference in water purification effect from other planting methods in the initial stage, but as time goes on, as can be seen from the 30 th day, the total phosphorus mass concentration (mg/L), the total nitrogen mass concentration (mg/L), and the chemical oxygen demand mass concentration (mg/L) in the water area using the planting method of the present invention are respectively 0.019mg/L, 0.67mg/L, and 1.9mg/L, which are significantly lower than the relevant parameters of the water area in other planting methods.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A kind of hard substrate background sinks the water and plants the carrier, characterized by that: comprises a bearing part (1) and a wire loop part (2) the bottom of which is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing part (1);
the wire ring part (2) is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped wires which are not connected with each other, and two ends of each strip-shaped wire are fixed on the same end surface of the bearing part (1).
2. The carrier for planting the submerged plant species on the hard substrate background according to claim 1, wherein: the space formed by the bearing part (1) and the wire coil part (2) is used for bearing the filler (3); the filler (3) is a mixture of plant seeds and nutrient soil.
3. The carrier for planting the submerged plant species on the hard substrate background according to claim 1, wherein: the bearing part (1) is rectangular, square, circular, pentagonal, hexagonal or other shapes.
4. The carrier for planting the submerged plant species on the hard substrate background according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting device is characterized by further comprising a plurality of lifting ropes (4), so that one end of each lifting rope (4) is tied to a corresponding lifting hole (11) formed in the edge of the bearing part (1); the other ends of the lifting ropes (4) are bound together for hanging.
5. The carrier for planting the submerged plant species in the hard substrate background according to claim 4, wherein: the vertical distance between adjacent hanging holes (11) on the bearing part (1) is 28-32 cm; the vertical distance between the lifting hole (11) and the edge of the bearing part (1) is 2-4 cm.
6. A planting method of a submerged plant planting carrier under a hard substrate background is characterized in that: use of a submerged plant growing carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in a hard substrate background, said method comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the rooting powder aqueous solution and the germination accelerating agent aqueous solution according to equal volume, and soaking plant seeds to be planted in the mixture for later use;
s2, fully mixing the plant seeds obtained in the step S1 with nutrient soil, and putting the mixture into a plant planting carrier for later use;
s3, connecting one end of each lifting rope (4) with the lifting hole (11) on the plant planting carrier obtained in the step S2, wherein each lifting rope (4) corresponds to one lifting hole (11), so that the ends of the lifting ropes (4) departing from the plant planting carrier are connected together, and then moving the plant planting carrier into the planting pot through the lifting ropes (4);
s4, always keeping the liquid level in the planting pot higher than the top of the plant planting carrier by 2-3cm in the seed germination stage; in the seedling stage and the growth stage, the liquid level in the planting pot is always kept 5-8cm higher than the top of the plant planting carrier;
s5, transplanting and planting: the plant planting carrier is moved away from the planting pot through the lifting rope (4) and then placed into the hard substrate planting pool, and the position of the plant planting carrier in the hard substrate planting pool is adjusted through the lifting rope (4).
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: spraying the rooting powder aqueous solution once every 7-10 days in a seedling stage; and in the growth period, spraying the aqueous solution of the germination accelerating agent once every 7-10 days until the leaves and stems of the plants planted in the plant planting carrier grow to 8-12cm, and then transplanting and field planting can be carried out.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: adding 150ml of water into every 1g of rooting powder in the rooting powder aqueous solution; the germination accelerating agent water solution is prepared by adding 600ml of water to every 1ml of germination accelerating agent.
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| CN101543167A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2009-09-30 | 南京中科水治理工程有限公司 | Method for planting submerged plant under a condition of hardground and non sludge |
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Application publication date: 20210910 |