CN113349167A - Comprehensive prevention and treatment method for silkworm diseases of bred silkworms - Google Patents
Comprehensive prevention and treatment method for silkworm diseases of bred silkworms Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113349167A CN113349167A CN202110781971.4A CN202110781971A CN113349167A CN 113349167 A CN113349167 A CN 113349167A CN 202110781971 A CN202110781971 A CN 202110781971A CN 113349167 A CN113349167 A CN 113349167A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- silkworm
- silkworms
- disinfection
- room
- mulberry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 415
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000143432 Daldinia concentrica Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002316 fumigant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011431 lime mortar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008359 toxicosis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010006895 Cachexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008428 Chemical poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000006721 Morus bombycis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031662 Noncommunicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012287 Prolapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010038084 Rectocele Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010068887 Tobacco poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026500 emaciation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008667 sleep stage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a silkworm disease comprehensive prevention and treatment method for bred silkworms, which comprises the following steps: step S1 sterilizing the whole process of silkworm breeding production; step S1.1, preliminary treatment of silkworm breeding; step S1.2, disinfection and disease prevention in the middle stage of silkworm breeding; step S1.3, disinfection after the silkworm rearing period is finished; step S2 strengthening feeding management; s2.1, ensuring the quality of mulberry leaves; s2.2, enhancing the regulation and control of the feeding environment; s2.3, standard operation is carried out; s2.4, selecting improved varieties; step S3, silkworm diseases are found, and the sick silkworms are identified and processed in time; s3.1, enhancing the observation of the development condition of the silkworms and finding silkworm diseases as soon as possible; step S3.2, timely processing is carried out after determination; s3.2.1 stopping the spread and development of infectious silkworm diseases; s3.2.2 preventing and treating non-infectious silkworm diseases by cutting off the pathogenic infection path; the death rate of the silkworms is reduced, the feeding rate of the silkworms is improved, and the breeding cycle of the silkworms is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of silkworm breeding, in particular to a silkworm disease comprehensive prevention and treatment method for bred silkworms.
Background
The most afraid of silkworm diseases in the silkworm breeding process. The prevention and cure method is different because of different causes of silkworm diseases. In order to improve the prevention effect and reduce the loss of silkworm diseases, comprehensive prevention measures must be taken, the guidelines of 'prevention as the main and comprehensive prevention' are adhered to, and the practical effect can be obtained only by combining the disease prevention and breeding technologies and walking the way of comprehensive prevention and control around the aspects of disinfection and clean breeding, cutting off the pathogen infection way, preventing silkworm infection, improving the breeding conditions, enhancing the silkworm physique, improving the disease resistance and the like. "silkworm diseases depend on prevention and are more important than treatment" is a basic method for silkworm breeding and disease prevention. Therefore, the silkworm disease prevention work of disinfection, disease prevention, correct diagnosis, timely treatment and the like is well done, and the method is an effective measure for ensuring the safety and high efficiency of silkworm breeding production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a silkworm disease comprehensive prevention and treatment method for bred silkworms.
The scheme of the invention is as follows:
a silkworm disease comprehensive prevention and treatment method for bred silkworms comprises the following steps:
step S1 sterilizing the whole process of silkworm breeding production;
step S1.1, carrying out early stage treatment of silkworm breeding, namely disinfecting a silkworm room, a mulberry storage room, a cocooning room, silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment, and disinfecting by adopting a first cleaning mode, a second cleaning mode, a third scraping mode, a fourth boiling mode, a fifth solarization mode and a sixth disinfection mode; the first cleaning is to clean the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the upper cluster room, the silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment; the second cleaning is used for cleaning the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the cocooning frame room and the silkworm breeding tools; the third scraping is to scrape the dead silkworm dirt in the cleaning process; fourth boiling is to boil and sterilize the cotton and linen silkworm breeding tools which can not be sterilized by the medicine; fifthly, sun-drying is adopted for disinfecting the silkworm breeding tools by sunlight; the sixth disinfection is to kill viruses by adopting chemical medicines, and the area and the volume of a disinfection object are calculated before disinfection, wherein a silkworm rearing room is disinfected by adopting clarifying solution, 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1 percent of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, and the temperature is kept at 22-25 ℃ and kept moist for more than 30 minutes; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; finally, deep disinfection is adopted 1-2 days before the young silkworms are picked up, the closed environment is kept for 6-24 hours after the deep disinfection, and then ventilation is carried out to complete disinfection of the silkworm rearing room before silkworm rearing; disinfecting a mulberry storage room by using clarifying solution, uniformly spraying 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1% of available chlorine per 100 square meters, and keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃ for more than 30 minutes to moisten; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; deep disinfection is adopted 3-4 days before silkworm breeding, the container is sealed for 6-24 hours after deep disinfection, then ventilation is carried out, a neutralizer is sprayed, odor removal bags are stacked in a mulberry storage room, and the odor removal bags are removed after one day;
s1.2, disinfecting and preventing diseases in the middle stage of silkworm breeding, wherein pathogens are prevented from being brought into a silkworm rearing room and a mulberry storage room in the silkworm breeding stage, feeding personnel replace dust-free shoes to enter the room, wash hands and then supply mulberry leaves, keep the room clean and sanitary, and mop the floor after flushing a mop with bleaching powder liquid containing 0.5 percent of effective chlorine every 2 days; no mulberry leaves are stacked when silkworms are bred in a silkworm room; the leaf picking basket and the sand removing basket are used separately; disinfecting the small silkworm breeding tools for 1 time every day; timely picking out diseased silkworms and dead silkworms, putting the picked silkworms into a treatment container, and then performing centralized landfill treatment; when the silkworms are found to be abnormally developed, the silkworms are raised in batches, the big silkworms and the small silkworms are separately raised, and the big silkworms and the small silkworms are respectively provided with a matched silkworm raising tool; stacking silkworm excrement far away from a silkworm breeding environment, and sterilizing the silkworm excrement by bleaching powder and then drying the silkworm excrement in the sun; spraying cleaning agent to the ground for disinfection after removing sand from 4-year-old silkworms; disinfecting silkworm bodies and silkworm seats of each instar of the young silkworms, and feeding antibiotics for 1-2 times at each instar of a big silkworm period in the silkworm period;
step S1.3, disinfection after the silkworm rearing period is finished, and after cocoon picking is finished, disinfecting a silkworm room, a cocooning frame room, a silkworm rearing field and other silkworm rearing tools in the steps of S1.1 in a disinfection, cleaning, scraping, solarization and disinfection mode in sequence;
step S2 strengthening feeding management;
s2.1, ensuring the quality of mulberry leaves, paying attention to the work of picking, transporting and storing the mulberry leaves, feeding the fresh ripe mulberry leaves required by growth and development of each age and each stage to silkworms, and spraying a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid on the mulberry leaves fed with the silkworms; folium Mori without pollution and insect pest is used in young silkworm period; when in sleep, silkworms are properly cooked and tender with mulberry leaves; the mulberry leaves of the silkworms before the 4 th day of the 5 th year old are aged and tender evenly;
s2.2, enhancing the regulation and control of the feeding environment;
s2.3, standardizing operation, namely meeting the technical requirements of all links from the technical links of environment adjustment of a silkworm rearing room, ant collection, seat expansion, seat equalization, mulberry feeding, sand removal, batch green extraction, protection in sleep, silkworm catching, cocooning, protection in cocooning, cocoon picking and cocoon selling, and ensuring light action without damaging silkworm bodies;
s2.4, selecting improved varieties;
step S3, silkworm diseases are found, and the sick silkworms are identified and processed in time;
s3.1, enhancing the observation of the development condition of the silkworms and finding silkworm diseases as soon as possible;
step S3.2, timely processing is carried out after determination;
s3.2.1 stopping the spread and development of infectious silkworm diseases;
step S3.2.2 prevention and treatment of non-infectious silkworm disease.
As a preferred technical scheme, in the step S1.1, 22.5 kilograms of clear liquid containing 1% of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, wherein the clear liquid comprises bleaching powder containing 35% of available chlorine and water, and the weight parts of the bleaching powder to the water are 1: and 24, preparing the clear liquid by firstly mixing bleaching powder into paste with a small amount of water, then adding the rest water, fully stirring, sealing for 1-2 hours, and taking the clear liquid.
As a preferable technical scheme, the formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine in the step S1.1 comprises formalin containing 36% of formaldehyde, water and lime powder, wherein the ratio of parts by weight of the formalin containing 36% of formaldehyde, the water and the lime powder is 1: 17: 0.5 to 1.
Preferably, the deep disinfection in step S1.1 includes one of sulfur fumigation disinfection or fumigant disinfection, and the sulfur fumigation disinfection is performed every 1m3The dosage is 9 g.
According to a preferable technical scheme, one of a chlorine dioxide lime slurry and a chlorine dioxide smoke agent is used for disinfecting the smoke agent, and the chlorine dioxide lime slurry is uniformly sprayed according to the proportion of 22-23 kilograms per 100 square meters.
As a preferred technical scheme, the neutralizing agent in the step S1.1 includes EM bacterial liquid, mulberry leaf powder, water and diatomite, and the ratio of the parts by weight of the EM bacterial liquid, the mulberry leaf powder, the water and the diatomite is 0.1-0.2: 2-3: 100: 3-5; the neutralizer is uniformly sprayed according to 0.2-0.25 kilogram per 1 square meter.
As a preferable technical scheme, activated carbon balls, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and borax are arranged in the odor removing bag in the step S1.1.
As a preferable technical scheme, 1% of available chlorine bleaching powder liquid or 20% of lime slurry is arranged in the processing container in the step S1.2; the cleaning agent is 0.5% of available chlorine bleaching powder solution or 1% of lime slurry; the cocooning frame indoor cocooning frame in the step S1.3 adopts a checker cocooning frame, the checker cocooning frame is burnt on flame after cocoon collection is finished, and then the cocooning frame is put under sunlight for Se explosion after deep disinfection or other disinfection and sterilization, and then is bundled, stored and kept; and other cocooning frames are disinfected by lime mortar, then cleaned in clean water, dried in the sun and stored.
As a preferable technical scheme, the mulberry leaves fed by the silkworms in the step 2.1 are sprayed with a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid twice a day, and the mulberry leaves fed by silkworms of 2-3 years old are sprayed with a diluent of EM bacterial liquid with the concentration of 0.5%; a dilution of EM bacterial liquid with the concentration of 0.3 percent is sprayed on mulberry leaves fed by silkworms of 4-5 years old.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the comprehensive prevention and treatment method for the silkworm diseases of the bred silkworms comprises the following steps: step S1 sterilizing the whole process of silkworm breeding production; step S1.1, carrying out early stage treatment of silkworm breeding, namely disinfecting a silkworm room, a mulberry storage room, a cocooning room, silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment, and disinfecting by adopting a first cleaning mode, a second cleaning mode, a third scraping mode, a fourth boiling mode, a fifth solarization mode and a sixth disinfection mode; the first cleaning is to clean the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the upper cluster room, the silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment; the second cleaning is used for cleaning the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the cocooning frame room and the silkworm breeding tools; the third scraping is to scrape the dead silkworm dirt in the cleaning process; fourth boiling is to boil and sterilize the cotton and linen silkworm breeding tools which can not be sterilized by the medicine; fifthly, sun-drying is adopted for disinfecting the silkworm breeding tools by sunlight; the sixth disinfection is to kill viruses by adopting chemical medicines, and the area and the volume of a disinfection object are calculated before disinfection, wherein a silkworm rearing room is disinfected by adopting clarifying solution, 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1 percent of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, and the temperature is kept at 22-25 ℃ and kept moist for more than 30 minutes; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; finally, deep disinfection is adopted 1-2 days before the young silkworms are picked up, the closed environment is kept for 6-24 hours after the deep disinfection, and then ventilation is carried out to complete disinfection of the silkworm rearing room before silkworm rearing; disinfecting a mulberry storage room by using clarifying solution, uniformly spraying 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1% of available chlorine per 100 square meters, and keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃ for more than 30 minutes to moisten; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; deep disinfection is adopted 3-4 days before silkworm breeding, the container is sealed for 6-24 hours after deep disinfection, then ventilation is carried out, a neutralizer is sprayed, odor removal bags are stacked in a mulberry storage room, and the odor removal bags are removed after one day; s1.2, disinfecting and preventing diseases in the middle stage of silkworm breeding, wherein pathogens are prevented from being brought into a silkworm rearing room and a mulberry storage room in the silkworm breeding stage, feeding personnel replace dust-free shoes to enter the room, wash hands and then supply mulberry leaves, keep the room clean and sanitary, and mop the floor after flushing a mop with bleaching powder liquid containing 0.5 percent of effective chlorine every 2 days; no mulberry leaves are stacked when silkworms are bred in a silkworm room; the leaf picking basket and the sand removing basket are used separately; disinfecting the small silkworm breeding tools for 1 time every day; timely picking out diseased silkworms and dead silkworms, putting the picked silkworms into a treatment container, and then performing centralized landfill treatment; when the silkworms are found to be abnormally developed, the silkworms are raised in batches, the big silkworms and the small silkworms are separately raised, and the big silkworms and the small silkworms are respectively provided with a matched silkworm raising tool; stacking silkworm excrement far away from a silkworm breeding environment, and sterilizing the silkworm excrement by bleaching powder and then drying the silkworm excrement in the sun; spraying cleaning agent to the ground for disinfection after removing sand from 4-year-old silkworms; disinfecting silkworm bodies and silkworm seats of each instar of the young silkworms, and feeding antibiotics for 1-2 times at each instar of a big silkworm period in the silkworm period; step S1.3, disinfection after the silkworm rearing period is finished, and after cocoon picking is finished, disinfecting a silkworm room, a cocooning frame room, a silkworm rearing field and other silkworm rearing tools in the steps of S1.1 in a disinfection, cleaning, scraping, solarization and disinfection mode in sequence; step S2 strengthening feeding management; s2.1, ensuring the quality of mulberry leaves, paying attention to the work of picking, transporting and storing the mulberry leaves, feeding the fresh ripe mulberry leaves required by growth and development of each age and each stage to silkworms, and spraying a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid on the mulberry leaves fed with the silkworms; folium Mori without pollution and insect pest is used in young silkworm period; when in sleep, silkworms are properly cooked and tender with mulberry leaves; the mulberry leaves of the silkworms before the 4 th day of the 5 th year old are aged and tender evenly; s2.2, enhancing the regulation and control of the feeding environment; s2.3, standardizing operation, namely meeting the technical requirements of all links from the technical links of environment adjustment of a silkworm rearing room, ant collection, seat expansion, seat equalization, mulberry feeding, sand removal, batch green extraction, protection in sleep, silkworm catching, cocooning, protection in cocooning, cocoon picking and cocoon selling, and ensuring light action without damaging silkworm bodies; s2.4, selecting improved varieties; step S3, silkworm diseases are found, and the sick silkworms are identified and processed in time; s3.1, enhancing the observation of the development condition of the silkworms and finding silkworm diseases as soon as possible; step S3.2, timely processing is carried out after determination; s3.2.1 stopping the spread and development of infectious silkworm diseases; step S3.2.2 prevention and treatment of non-infectious silkworm disease.
The invention has the advantages that:
cutting off pathogenic infection ways, preventing silkworms from being infected and cross-infected, improving rearing conditions, enhancing the physique of the silkworms, improving the disease resistance, ensuring the production safety of the silkworms, creating environmental conditions, nutritional conditions and operating requirements suitable for the development of the silkworms at each stage, and promoting the healthy growth of the silkworms; the aims of uniform growth and development, no disease and good rearing of the silkworms are fulfilled; the economic benefit of silkworm mulberry production is improved; the death rate of the silkworms is reduced, the feeding rate of the silkworms is improved, and the breeding cycle of the silkworms is shortened.
Detailed Description
In order to make up for the above disadvantages, the present invention provides a method for the comprehensive control of silkworm diseases in cultured silkworms, which solves the problems of the background art described above.
A silkworm disease comprehensive prevention and treatment method for bred silkworms comprises the following steps:
step S1 sterilizing the whole process of silkworm breeding production;
step S1.1, carrying out early stage treatment of silkworm breeding, namely disinfecting a silkworm room, a mulberry storage room, a cocooning room, silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment, and disinfecting by adopting a first cleaning mode, a second cleaning mode, a third scraping mode, a fourth boiling mode, a fifth solarization mode and a sixth disinfection mode; the first cleaning is to clean the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the upper cluster room, the silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment; the second cleaning is used for cleaning the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the cocooning frame room and the silkworm breeding tools; the third scraping is to scrape the dead silkworm dirt in the cleaning process; fourth boiling is to boil and sterilize the cotton and linen silkworm breeding tools which can not be sterilized by the medicine; fifthly, sun-drying is adopted for disinfecting the silkworm breeding tools by sunlight; the sixth disinfection is to kill viruses by adopting chemical medicines, and the area and the volume of a disinfection object are calculated before disinfection, wherein a silkworm rearing room is disinfected by adopting clarifying solution, 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1 percent of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, and the temperature is kept at 22-25 ℃ and kept moist for more than 30 minutes; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; finally, deep disinfection is adopted 1-2 days before the young silkworms are picked up, the closed environment is kept for 6-24 hours after the deep disinfection, and then ventilation is carried out to complete disinfection of the silkworm rearing room before silkworm rearing; disinfecting a mulberry storage room by using clarifying solution, uniformly spraying 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1% of available chlorine per 100 square meters, and keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃ for more than 30 minutes to moisten; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; deep disinfection is adopted 3-4 days before silkworm breeding, the container is sealed for 6-24 hours after deep disinfection, then ventilation is carried out, a neutralizer is sprayed, odor removal bags are stacked in a mulberry storage room, and the odor removal bags are removed after one day;
s1.2, disinfecting and preventing diseases in the middle stage of silkworm breeding, wherein pathogens are prevented from being brought into a silkworm rearing room and a mulberry storage room in the silkworm breeding stage, feeding personnel replace dust-free shoes to enter the room, wash hands and then supply mulberry leaves, keep the room clean and sanitary, and mop the floor after flushing a mop with bleaching powder liquid containing 0.5 percent of effective chlorine every 2 days; no mulberry leaves are stacked when silkworms are bred in a silkworm room; the leaf picking basket and the sand removing basket are used separately; disinfecting the small silkworm breeding tools for 1 time every day; timely picking out diseased silkworms and dead silkworms, putting the picked silkworms into a treatment container, and then performing centralized landfill treatment; when the silkworms are found to be abnormally developed, the silkworms are raised in batches, the big silkworms and the small silkworms are separately raised, and the big silkworms and the small silkworms are respectively provided with a matched silkworm raising tool; stacking silkworm excrement far away from a silkworm breeding environment, and sterilizing the silkworm excrement by bleaching powder and then drying the silkworm excrement in the sun; spraying cleaning agent to the ground for disinfection after removing sand from 4-year-old silkworms; disinfecting silkworm bodies and silkworm seats of each instar of the young silkworms, and feeding antibiotics for 1-2 times at each instar of a big silkworm period in the silkworm period;
step S1.3, disinfection after the silkworm rearing period is finished, and after cocoon picking is finished, disinfecting a silkworm room, a cocooning frame room, a silkworm rearing field and other silkworm rearing tools in the steps of S1.1 in a disinfection, cleaning, scraping, solarization and disinfection mode in sequence;
step S2 strengthening feeding management;
s2.1, ensuring the quality of mulberry leaves, paying attention to the work of picking, transporting and storing the mulberry leaves, feeding the fresh ripe mulberry leaves required by growth and development of each age and each stage to silkworms, and spraying a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid on the mulberry leaves fed with the silkworms; folium Mori without pollution and insect pest is used in young silkworm period; when in sleep, silkworms are properly cooked and tender with mulberry leaves; the mulberry leaves of the silkworms before the 4 th day of the 5 th year old are aged and tender evenly;
s2.2, enhancing the regulation and control of the feeding environment;
s2.3, standardizing operation, namely meeting the technical requirements of all links from the technical links of environment adjustment of a silkworm rearing room, ant collection, seat expansion, seat equalization, mulberry feeding, sand removal, batch green extraction, protection in sleep, silkworm catching, cocooning, protection in cocooning, cocoon picking and cocoon selling, and ensuring light action without damaging silkworm bodies;
s2.4, selecting improved varieties;
step S3, silkworm diseases are found, and the sick silkworms are identified and processed in time;
s3.1, enhancing the observation of the development condition of the silkworms and finding silkworm diseases as soon as possible;
step S3.2, timely processing is carried out after determination;
s3.2.1 stopping the spread and development of infectious silkworm diseases;
step S3.2.2 prevention and treatment of non-infectious silkworm disease.
In the step S1.1, 22.5 kilograms of clear liquor containing 1 percent of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, wherein the clear liquor comprises bleaching powder containing 35 percent of available chlorine and water, and the weight parts of the bleaching powder to the water are 1: and 24, preparing the clear liquid by firstly mixing bleaching powder into paste with a small amount of water, then adding the rest water, fully stirring, sealing for 1-2 hours, and taking the clear liquid.
The formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine in the step S1.1 comprises formalin containing 36% of formaldehyde, water and lime powder, wherein the formalin containing 36% of formaldehyde, the water and the lime powder are prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight of 1: 17: 0.5 to 1.
The deep disinfection in the step S1.1 comprises one of sulfur fumigation disinfection or fumigant disinfection, and the sulfur fumigation disinfection is carried out every 1m3The dosage is 9 g.
One of a chlorine dioxide lime slurry or a chlorine dioxide smoke agent is used for disinfecting the smoke agent, and the chlorine dioxide lime slurry is uniformly sprayed according to the proportion of 22-23 kilograms per 100 square meters.
The neutralizing agent in the step S1.1 comprises EM bacterial liquid, mulberry leaf powder, water and diatomite, wherein the weight parts of the EM bacterial liquid, the mulberry leaf powder, the water and the diatomite are 0.1-0.2: 2-3: 100: 3-5; the neutralizer is uniformly sprayed according to 0.2-0.25 kilogram per 1 square meter.
And in the step S1.1, the odor removing bag is internally provided with activated carbon balls, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and borax.
1% of available chlorine bleaching powder liquid or 20% of lime slurry is arranged in the treatment container in the step S1.2; the cleaning agent is 0.5% of available chlorine bleaching powder solution or 1% of lime slurry; the cocooning frame indoor cocooning frame in the step S1.3 adopts a checker cocooning frame, the checker cocooning frame is burnt on flame after cocoon collection is finished, and then the cocooning frame is put under sunlight for Se explosion after deep disinfection or other disinfection and sterilization, and then is bundled, stored and kept; and other cocooning frames are disinfected by lime mortar, then cleaned in clean water, dried in the sun and stored.
Spraying a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid twice a day on the mulberry leaves fed to the silkworms in the step 2.1, and spraying a diluent containing 0.5% of EM bacterial liquid on the mulberry leaves fed to silkworms of 2-3 years old; a dilution of EM bacterial liquid with the concentration of 0.3 percent is sprayed on mulberry leaves fed by silkworms of 4-5 years old.
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
step S1 sterilizing the whole process of silkworm breeding production;
step S1.1, carrying out early stage treatment of silkworm breeding, namely disinfecting a silkworm room, a mulberry storage room, a cocooning room, silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment, and disinfecting by adopting a first cleaning mode, a second cleaning mode, a third scraping mode, a fourth boiling mode, a fifth solarization mode and a sixth disinfection mode; the first cleaning is to clean the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the upper cluster room, the silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment; the second cleaning is used for cleaning the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the cocooning frame room and the silkworm breeding tools; the third scraping is to scrape the dead silkworm dirt in the cleaning process; fourth boiling is to boil and sterilize the cotton and linen silkworm breeding tools which can not be sterilized by the medicine; fifthly, sun-drying is adopted for disinfecting the silkworm breeding tools by sunlight; the sixth disinfection is to kill viruses by adopting chemical medicines, and the area and the volume of a disinfection object are calculated before disinfection, wherein a silkworm rearing room is disinfected by adopting clarifying solution, 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1 percent of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, and the temperature is kept at 22-25 ℃ and kept moist for more than 30 minutes; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; finally, deep disinfection is adopted 1-2 days before the young silkworms are picked up, the closed environment is kept for 6-24 hours after the deep disinfection, and then ventilation is carried out to complete disinfection of the silkworm rearing room before silkworm rearing; disinfecting a mulberry storage room by using clarifying solution, uniformly spraying 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1% of available chlorine per 100 square meters, and keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃ for more than 30 minutes to moisten; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; deep disinfection is adopted 3-4 days before silkworm breeding, the container is sealed for 6-24 hours after deep disinfection, then ventilation is carried out, a neutralizer is sprayed, odor removal bags are stacked in a mulberry storage room, and the odor removal bags are removed after one day;
s1.2, disinfecting and preventing diseases in the middle stage of silkworm breeding, wherein pathogens are prevented from being brought into a silkworm rearing room and a mulberry storage room in the silkworm breeding stage, feeding personnel replace dust-free shoes to enter the room, wash hands and then supply mulberry leaves, keep the room clean and sanitary, and mop the floor after flushing a mop with bleaching powder liquid containing 0.5 percent of effective chlorine every 2 days; no mulberry leaves are stacked when silkworms are bred in a silkworm room; the leaf picking basket and the sand removing basket are used separately; disinfecting the small silkworm breeding tools for 1 time every day; timely picking out diseased silkworms and dead silkworms, putting the picked silkworms into a treatment container, and then performing centralized landfill treatment; when the silkworms are found to be abnormally developed, the silkworms are raised in batches, the big silkworms and the small silkworms are separately raised, and the big silkworms and the small silkworms are respectively provided with a matched silkworm raising tool; stacking silkworm excrement far away from a silkworm breeding environment, and sterilizing the silkworm excrement by bleaching powder and then drying the silkworm excrement in the sun; spraying cleaning agent to the ground for disinfection after removing sand from 4-year-old silkworms; disinfecting silkworm bodies and silkworm seats of each instar of the young silkworms, and feeding antibiotics for 1-2 times at each instar of a big silkworm period in the silkworm period;
step S1.3, disinfection after the silkworm rearing period is finished, and after cocoon picking is finished, disinfecting a silkworm room, a cocooning frame room, a silkworm rearing field and other silkworm rearing tools in the steps of S1.1 in a disinfection, cleaning, scraping, solarization and disinfection mode in sequence;
step S2 strengthening feeding management;
s2.1, ensuring the quality of mulberry leaves, paying attention to the work of picking, transporting and storing the mulberry leaves, feeding the fresh ripe mulberry leaves required by growth and development of each age and each stage to silkworms, and spraying a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid on the mulberry leaves fed with the silkworms; folium Mori without pollution and insect pest is used in young silkworm period; when in sleep, silkworms are properly cooked and tender with mulberry leaves; the mulberry leaves of the silkworms before the 4 th day of the 5 th year old are aged and tender evenly;
s2.2, enhancing the regulation and control of the feeding environment, and controlling the temperature, the humidity, the air flow and the light;
s2.3, standardizing operation, namely meeting the technical requirements of all links from the technical links of environment adjustment of a silkworm rearing room, ant collection, seat expansion, seat equalization, mulberry feeding, sand removal, batch green extraction, protection in sleep, silkworm catching, cocooning, protection in cocooning, cocoon picking and cocoon selling, and ensuring light action without damaging silkworm bodies;
s2.4, selecting improved varieties, using silkworm varieties which have strong stress resistance and are easy to feed; the reasonable layout of silkworm breeding is that according to the local natural environment, climate condition, mulberry growth condition, farming condition and local labor force, the silkworm breeding is overlapped without model, and a certain time is needed between the silkworm breeding periods as an adjustment period to relieve the surplus leaf conditioning, disinfect cheaply and prevent diseases, and reasonably allocate the silkworm house tools and labor force;
step S3, silkworm diseases are found, and the sick silkworms are identified and processed in time;
step S3.1, the observation of the development condition of the silkworms is strengthened, the silkworm diseases are discovered as soon as possible, the physical strength and the disease conditions of the silkworms are observed, and the observation is mainly carried out from the following aspects:
and (3) development condition: the newly-hatched silkworms are not hatched uniformly, hairs are not thinned 1 to 2 days after the newly-hatched silkworms are collected, the individual development difference in the colony is large, the size is not uniform, the growth is slow, the dormancy is not uniform, the cocooning frame is not spinned, and the like;
body color: the skin is abnormally bright, yellow, milky white or dark brown, and even has scabs; crinkling, reducing the silkworm body;
the posture is as follows: swelling of the joints, emaciation of the trunk, large head and small tail, and prolapse of the caudal angle; the head is contracted and takes an S shape or other shapes;
and (4) mulberry leaf eating: the mulberry leaves are less eaten, the mulberry leaves are latent, the mulberry leaves cannot be eaten or refused to eat, and the mulberry leaves are more remained;
silkworm excrement: silkworm excrement is uneven in size and irregular in shape, and is in the shape of continuous beads of silkworm excrement which is thin and rotten, sticky and thick, and can cause diarrhea, rectocele and the like;
dynamic state: inactive exercise, slow reaction, stiff movement, head and chest lifting, left and right swing to spit liquid, twitch, climb to the outside of the rearing bed, or climb fiercely and crudely; flat, forward, thin and soft body;
sleeping silkworms and starting silkworms: in the initial stage of sleep, the head and chest of the dormant silkworm droop or lie flat, the tail is polluted, and the dormant silkworm does not sleep or sleeps late; the head, the chest and the tail of the initial silkworm are not in proper size proportion, the tail is small and is polluted, the whole body is dark brown, the appetite is not good for a long time, and the like;
smell, sound: abnormal indoor smell and intermittent and continuous defoliating sound, especially in the 5 th instar of the big silkworms and in the feeding process, the symptoms are possibly the disease symptoms of the silkworms, and corresponding measures are taken in time according to specific conditions for prevention and treatment;
s3.2, identifying and timely treating the silkworm with the disease, and identifying the silkworm with the disease by naked eyes or microscopic examination to clarify the disease, analyzing and finding out the cause of the disease, and timely treating the silkworm to prevent the recurrence and spread of the silkworm disease;
step S3.2.1, spreading and developing the infectious silkworm diseases, wherein the viral diseases, bacterial diseases, fungal diseases, and microparticulate diseases of silkworm belong to infectious silkworm diseases. If the disease is judged to be the disease, the diseased silkworms are eliminated in time, isolated from the disease and fed for a plurality of times, raised in different rooms, increased in the number of times of sand removal, and enhanced in the disinfection or feeding of silkworm rearing beds for at least 1 time per day until the silkworm diseases are extinguished. In addition, all appliances should be strictly disinfected to prevent pathogen from infecting again;
s3.2.2 preventing and treating noninfectious diseases of silkworm, such as multiple silkworm fly, acarid, and poisoning, and can be used for feeding or spraying prevention and treatment of silkworm fly; aiming at the source of the mites for preventing and controlling the mites, timely removing the mites and repelling the mites on the damaged silkworms by using a lousicide and the like; the common toxicosis of toxicosis includes pesticide poisoning, tobacco poisoning, etc., and the treating method comprises the following steps: isolating poison source, screening to remove sand, putting silkworm in the place where air is circulated, and feeding fresh nontoxic folium Mori.
In the step S1.1, 22.5 kilograms of clear liquor containing 1 percent of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, wherein the clear liquor comprises bleaching powder containing 35 percent of available chlorine and water, and the weight parts of the bleaching powder to the water are 1: and 24, preparing the clear liquid by firstly mixing bleaching powder into paste with a small amount of water, then adding the rest water, fully stirring, sealing for 1-2 hours, and taking the clear liquid.
The formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine in the step S1.1 comprises formalin containing 36% of formaldehyde, water and lime powder, wherein the formalin containing 36% of formaldehyde, the water and the lime powder are prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight of 1: 17: 0.5 to 1.
The deep disinfection in the step S1.1 comprises one of sulfur fumigation disinfection or fumigant disinfection, and the sulfur fumigation disinfection is carried out every 1m3The dosage is 9 g.
One of a chlorine dioxide lime slurry or a chlorine dioxide smoke agent is used for disinfecting the smoke agent, and the chlorine dioxide lime slurry is uniformly sprayed according to the proportion of 22-23 kilograms per 100 square meters.
The neutralizing agent in the step S1.1 comprises EM bacterial liquid, mulberry leaf powder, water and diatomite, wherein the weight parts of the EM bacterial liquid, the mulberry leaf powder, the water and the diatomite are 0.1-0.2: 2-3: 100: 3-5; the neutralizer is uniformly sprayed according to 0.2-0.25 kilogram per 1 square meter.
And in the step S1.1, the odor removing bag is internally provided with activated carbon balls, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and borax.
1% of available chlorine bleaching powder liquid or 20% of lime slurry is arranged in the treatment container in the step S1.2; the cleaning agent is 0.5% of available chlorine bleaching powder solution or 1% of lime slurry; in the step S1.3, the indoor cocooning frame is a grass cage, and the grass cage is exposed on the field for sunlight disinfection and then is sealed for storage; the cocooning frame is a checker cocooning frame, after cocoon picking is finished, the checker cocooning frame is burnt on flame to burn out the silk floss, and then deep disinfection or other disinfection and sterilization are carried out to kill germs, and then the silk floss is exploded under sunlight, bundled, collected and kept; and other cocooning frames are disinfected by lime mortar, then cleaned in clean water, dried in the sun and stored.
Spraying a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid twice a day on the mulberry leaves fed to the silkworms in the step 2.1, and spraying a diluent containing 0.5% of EM bacterial liquid on the mulberry leaves fed to silkworms of 2-3 years old; a dilution of EM bacterial liquid with the concentration of 0.3 percent is sprayed on mulberry leaves fed by silkworms of 4-5 years old.
Comparative example 1
Comprehensive prevention and treatment method for silkworm diseases in prior art
Comparative example 2
A silkworm disease comprehensive control method for bred silkworms, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that no neutralizer is sprayed in the step S1.1, and no odor removal bag is stacked in a mulberry storage chamber; the other conditions were the same.
Comparative example 3
A silkworm disease comprehensive control method for bred silkworms is different from the method in example 1 in that the mulberry leaves fed with silkworms in the step 2.1 are not sprayed with a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid twice a day, and other conditions are the same.
Comparative example 4
A method for comprehensively controlling silkworm diseases of bred silkworms, which is different from the method of example 1 in that the clear solution is not used for disinfection in the step S1.1, and other conditions are the same.
500 silkworms of the same variety were bred using the integrated control method of example 1 and the control method of comparative example, divided into 5 groups on average, 100 per group, and the disease rate, mortality rate and average breeding period were counted, with the results shown in table 1:
| disease Rate (%) | Mortality (%) | Average cultivation period (sky) | |
| Example 1 | 2 | 0 | 28 |
| Comparative example 1 | 28 | 20 | 29 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6 | 2 | 29.5 |
| Comparative example 3 | 4 | 1 | 31 |
| Comparative example 4 | 8 | 5 | 30 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the method can effectively reduce the disease rate and mortality rate of silkworm breeding and shorten the breeding period.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A silkworm disease comprehensive prevention and treatment method for bred silkworms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1 sterilizing the whole process of silkworm breeding production;
step S1.1, carrying out early stage treatment of silkworm breeding, namely disinfecting a silkworm room, a mulberry storage room, a cocooning room, silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment, and disinfecting by adopting a first cleaning mode, a second cleaning mode, a third scraping mode, a fourth boiling mode, a fifth solarization mode and a sixth disinfection mode; the first cleaning is to clean the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the upper cluster room, the silkworm breeding tools and the surrounding environment; the second cleaning is used for cleaning the silkworm room, the mulberry storage room, the cocooning frame room and the silkworm breeding tools; the third scraping is to scrape the dead silkworm dirt in the cleaning process; fourth boiling is to boil and sterilize the cotton and linen silkworm breeding tools which can not be sterilized by the medicine; fifthly, sun-drying is adopted for disinfecting the silkworm breeding tools by sunlight; the sixth disinfection is to kill viruses by adopting chemical medicines, and the area and the volume of a disinfection object are calculated before disinfection, wherein a silkworm rearing room is disinfected by adopting clarifying solution, 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1 percent of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, and the temperature is kept at 22-25 ℃ and kept moist for more than 30 minutes; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; finally, deep disinfection is adopted 1-2 days before the young silkworms are picked up, the closed environment is kept for 6-24 hours after the deep disinfection, and then ventilation is carried out to complete disinfection of the silkworm rearing room before silkworm rearing; disinfecting a mulberry storage room by using clarifying solution, uniformly spraying 22-23 kilograms of clarifying solution containing 1% of available chlorine per 100 square meters, and keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃ for more than 30 minutes to moisten; disinfecting by using formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine after 48 hours, uniformly spraying 22-23 kg of formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine every 100 square meters, keeping the room temperature at 22-25 ℃, and keeping the liquid medicine moist for more than 30 minutes; deep disinfection is adopted 3-4 days before silkworm breeding, the container is sealed for 6-24 hours after deep disinfection, then ventilation is carried out, a neutralizer is sprayed, odor removal bags are stacked in a mulberry storage room, and the odor removal bags are removed after one day;
s1.2, disinfecting and preventing diseases in the middle stage of silkworm breeding, wherein pathogens are prevented from being brought into a silkworm rearing room and a mulberry storage room in the silkworm breeding stage, feeding personnel replace dust-free shoes to enter the room, wash hands and then supply mulberry leaves, keep the room clean and sanitary, and mop the floor after flushing a mop with bleaching powder liquid containing 0.5 percent of effective chlorine every 2 days; no mulberry leaves are stacked when silkworms are bred in a silkworm room; the leaf picking basket and the sand removing basket are used separately; disinfecting the small silkworm breeding tools for 1 time every day; timely picking out diseased silkworms and dead silkworms, putting the picked silkworms into a treatment container, and then performing centralized landfill treatment; when the silkworms are found to be abnormally developed, the silkworms are raised in batches, the big silkworms and the small silkworms are separately raised, and the big silkworms and the small silkworms are respectively provided with a matched silkworm raising tool; stacking silkworm excrement far away from a silkworm breeding environment, and sterilizing the silkworm excrement by bleaching powder and then drying the silkworm excrement in the sun; spraying cleaning agent to the ground for disinfection after removing sand from 4-year-old silkworms; disinfecting silkworm bodies and silkworm seats of each instar of the young silkworms, and feeding antibiotics for 1-2 times at each instar of a big silkworm period in the silkworm period;
step S1.3, disinfection after the silkworm rearing period is finished, and after cocoon picking is finished, disinfecting a silkworm room, a cocooning frame room, a silkworm rearing field and other silkworm rearing tools in the steps of S1.1 in a disinfection, cleaning, scraping, solarization and disinfection mode in sequence;
step S2 strengthening feeding management;
s2.1, ensuring the quality of mulberry leaves, paying attention to the work of picking, transporting and storing the mulberry leaves, feeding the fresh ripe mulberry leaves required by growth and development of each age and each stage to silkworms, and spraying a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid on the mulberry leaves fed with the silkworms; folium Mori without pollution and insect pest is used in young silkworm period; when in sleep, silkworms are properly cooked and tender with mulberry leaves; the mulberry leaves of the silkworms before the 4 th day of the 5 th year old are aged and tender evenly;
s2.2, enhancing the regulation and control of the feeding environment;
s2.3, standardizing operation, namely meeting the technical requirements of all links from the technical links of environment adjustment of a silkworm rearing room, ant collection, seat expansion, seat equalization, mulberry feeding, sand removal, batch green extraction, protection in sleep, silkworm catching, cocooning, protection in cocooning, cocoon picking and cocoon selling, and ensuring light action without damaging silkworm bodies;
s2.4, selecting improved varieties;
step S3, silkworm diseases are found, and the sick silkworms are identified and processed in time;
s3.1, enhancing the observation of the development condition of the silkworms and finding silkworm diseases as soon as possible;
step S3.2, timely processing is carried out after determination;
s3.2.1 stopping the spread and development of infectious silkworm diseases;
step S3.2.2 prevention and treatment of non-infectious silkworm disease.
2. The method for the integrated control of silkworm diseases according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1.1, 22.5 kilograms of clear liquor containing 1 percent of available chlorine is uniformly sprayed per 100 square meters, wherein the clear liquor comprises bleaching powder containing 35 percent of available chlorine and water, and the weight parts of the bleaching powder to the water are 1: and 24, preparing the clear liquid by firstly mixing bleaching powder into paste with a small amount of water, then adding the rest water, fully stirring, sealing for 1-2 hours, and taking the clear liquid.
3. The method for the integrated control of silkworm diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the formalin-lime mixed disinfection liquid medicine in the step S1.1 comprises formalin containing 36% of formaldehyde, water and lime powder, wherein the formalin containing 36% of formaldehyde, the water and the lime powder are prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight of 1: 17: 0.5 to 1.
4. The method for the integrated control of silkworm diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the deep disinfection in the step S1.1 comprises one of sulfur fumigation disinfection or fumigant disinfection, and the sulfur fumigation disinfection is carried out every 1m3The dosage is 9 g.
5. The method for the integrated control of silkworm diseases according to claim 4, wherein: one of a chlorine dioxide lime slurry or a chlorine dioxide smoke agent is used for disinfecting the smoke agent, and the chlorine dioxide lime slurry is uniformly sprayed according to the proportion of 22-23 kilograms per 100 square meters.
6. The method for the integrated control of silkworm diseases according to claim 1, wherein: the neutralizing agent in the step S1.1 comprises EM bacterial liquid, mulberry leaf powder, water and diatomite, wherein the weight parts of the EM bacterial liquid, the mulberry leaf powder, the water and the diatomite are 0.1-0.2: 2-3: 100: 3-5; the neutralizer is uniformly sprayed according to 0.2-0.25 kilogram per 1 square meter.
7. The method for the integrated control of silkworm diseases according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step S1.1, the odor removing bag is internally provided with activated carbon balls, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and borax.
8. The method for the integrated control of silkworm diseases according to claim 1, wherein: 1% of available chlorine bleaching powder liquid or 20% of lime slurry is arranged in the treatment container in the step S1.2; the cleaning agent is 0.5% of available chlorine bleaching powder solution or 1% of lime slurry; in the step S1.3, the cocooning frame indoor cocooning frame adopts a checker cocooning frame, after cocoon collection is finished, the checker cocooning frame is burnt on flame to burn out the silk floss, and then the silk floss is exploded in sunlight after deep disinfection or other disinfection and sterilization are carried out, and then the silk floss is bundled, stored and kept.
9. The method for the integrated control of silkworm diseases according to claim 1, wherein: spraying a diluent containing EM bacterial liquid twice a day on the mulberry leaves fed to the silkworms in the step 2.1, and spraying a diluent containing 0.5% of EM bacterial liquid on the mulberry leaves fed to silkworms of 2-3 years old; a dilution of EM bacterial liquid with the concentration of 0.3 percent is sprayed on mulberry leaves fed by silkworms of 4-5 years old.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110781971.4A CN113349167A (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Comprehensive prevention and treatment method for silkworm diseases of bred silkworms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110781971.4A CN113349167A (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Comprehensive prevention and treatment method for silkworm diseases of bred silkworms |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113349167A true CN113349167A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
Family
ID=77539052
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110781971.4A Pending CN113349167A (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Comprehensive prevention and treatment method for silkworm diseases of bred silkworms |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113349167A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2127045C1 (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-03-10 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства | Silkworm eggs treating method |
| CN103409810A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-27 | 云南海润茧丝绸有限公司 | Cocoon cooking process at high altitude environment |
| CN104491899A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-08 | 辽宁省蚕业科学研究所 | Tussah breeding utensil sterilization device and sterilization method |
| CN106172267A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-07 | 徐彬 | Bombyxmori Linnaeus cultural method |
| CN112088979A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-18 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Mulberry leaf preservative and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-07-12 CN CN202110781971.4A patent/CN113349167A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2127045C1 (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-03-10 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства | Silkworm eggs treating method |
| CN103409810A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-27 | 云南海润茧丝绸有限公司 | Cocoon cooking process at high altitude environment |
| CN104491899A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-08 | 辽宁省蚕业科学研究所 | Tussah breeding utensil sterilization device and sterilization method |
| CN106172267A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-07 | 徐彬 | Bombyxmori Linnaeus cultural method |
| CN112088979A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-18 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Mulberry leaf preservative and preparation method and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 云南省家家书屋建设工程领导小组: "《载桑养蚕高效新技术》", 30 April 2009, 云南科技出版社 * |
| 何若天等: "《农用益生菌生产与应用手册》", 28 February 2016, 金盾出版社 * |
| 苏敬良等: "《鸭病学》", 31 December 2016, 中国农业大学出版社 * |
| 郑捷平: "以消毒为重点综合预防蚕病的发生", 《四川蚕业》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106614329B (en) | Ecological breeding method of small-ear pigs | |
| TW201416339A (en) | Organic fertilizer and feed production system | |
| CN112273339B (en) | Simple ant collecting method for artificial feed breeding of silkworms | |
| CN109122602A (en) | A kind of method for breeding of silkworm | |
| CN102106327A (en) | Method for comprehensively preventing and curing silkworm diseases | |
| CN110506704A (en) | A kind of ecology puts the cultural technique of chicken in a suitable place to breed | |
| CN113142127A (en) | Method for constructing multi-dimensional breeding system in henhouse by utilizing hermetia illucens and symbiotic bacteria thereof | |
| CN106719408A (en) | Cuora flavomarginate becomes more meticulous comprehensive breeding method | |
| CN107913419A (en) | A kind of sweet potato storing method of preservative | |
| CN112970628A (en) | Ecological cycle chicken raising room for black soldier fly and chicken combined breeding and application thereof | |
| US6749804B2 (en) | Process for treating animal habitats | |
| CN107396890A (en) | The management method and its management method of a kind of kind of chicken house hatching egg | |
| CN113349167A (en) | Comprehensive prevention and treatment method for silkworm diseases of bred silkworms | |
| CN106172267A (en) | Bombyxmori Linnaeus cultural method | |
| CN215302341U (en) | Ecological cycle chicken room that heisui river horsefly and chicken jointly bred | |
| CN112755130B (en) | Composition for preventing and controlling silkworm white muscardine disease and preparation and application thereof | |
| CN105393968A (en) | High-density organic shrimp culturing technology | |
| CN106922748A (en) | A kind of coop sterilizing agent | |
| CN111202183A (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine chicken raising formula and chicken raising method | |
| CN113383748A (en) | Meat duck hatching method capable of improving meat duck hatching rate | |
| KR20160100262A (en) | Novel pest control fumigation system and pest control method using the same | |
| Munshi et al. | Button mushroom cultivation | |
| Singh et al. | Egg safety in the realm of preharvest food safety | |
| CN112868607A (en) | Method for controlling bad pupa disease of Chouioia cunea Yang breeding | |
| CN111466580A (en) | Six-dimensional aseptic meat obtaining method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |