CN113348785B - Zizania latifolia seedling pruning machine and seedling pruning method suitable for zizania latifolia seedling pruning machine - Google Patents
Zizania latifolia seedling pruning machine and seedling pruning method suitable for zizania latifolia seedling pruning machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113348785B CN113348785B CN202110805697.XA CN202110805697A CN113348785B CN 113348785 B CN113348785 B CN 113348785B CN 202110805697 A CN202110805697 A CN 202110805697A CN 113348785 B CN113348785 B CN 113348785B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling machine is deleted to wild rice stem, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and comprises a handle rod, wherein the upper end of the handle rod is provided with a switch, the lower end of the handle rod is provided with a transmission shell, an umbrella tooth shaft is arranged in the transmission shell through a bearing, the shaft part of the umbrella tooth shaft extends out of the transmission shell and is connected with a cutter head, the side surface of the transmission shell is obliquely connected with a transmission cylinder, a spline shaft is arranged in the transmission cylinder, the spline part of the spline shaft is meshed with the umbrella tooth part of the umbrella tooth shaft, the outer end of the transmission cylinder is connected with a transmission hose, a spring shaft is arranged in the transmission hose, the outer end of the transmission hose is connected with a portable power source, one end of the spring shaft is connected with the shaft part of the spline shaft, the other end of the spring shaft is connected with an output shaft of the power source, and the switch is electrically connected with the power source, so that the effects of high mechanization degree, high seedling deleting efficiency and manpower saving are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a cane shoot seedling pruning machine and a seedling pruning method suitable for the cane shoot seedling pruning machine.
Background
Wild rice shoots are native to China, are unique aquatic vegetables in China, and are mainly cultivated in Yangtze river basin and marshes and paddy fields in south China. The special taste and nutritive value of the tea are more and more popular.
The zizania latifolia is a plant propagated by a dividing method, and people can plant zizania latifolia seedlings in a pier in a field, commonly called as the zizania latifolia, because the just-cultivated zizania latifolia is not treated, the distance between the seedlings and the seedlings in the zizania latifolia pier is too close, so that the growth of the zizania latifolia is too dense, the yield of the zizania latifolia cannot be improved, even the yield of the zizania latifolia is influenced, the nutrient components in each small land are limited, if the zizania latifolia is too dense, the growth requirements of all zizania latifolia cannot be met, only the planting density of the zizania latifolia is controlled within a reasonable range, each zizania latifolia can absorb sufficient nutrition, so that the yield is improved, when the zizania latifolia seedlings grow to a certain extent, people can take some measures to properly reduce the number of the seedlings in each zizania latifolia pier, the measure is commonly called seedling deletion work.
Meanwhile, the workload of seedling deletion is large, but the number of seedlings in each water bamboo pier is reduced in some places by adopting a mode of manually bending over and pinching the seedlings, the manual mode is low in efficiency and incomplete in seedling deletion, the seedlings are easy to grow out again, strong seedlings in the middle part can be remained sometimes, and inconvenience is caused in subsequent ridging. Moreover, manual seedling deletion requires three different stages of work: 1. when the height of the seedlings is about 10cm, performing first seedling pruning, and reserving about 20 seedlings per pier; 2. after 15-20 days, carrying out second seedling pruning to remove the grown seedlings and keep about 15 strong seedlings; 3. and (3) carrying out third seedling deletion during first hilling, and reserving about 15 strong seedlings.
And then consume a large amount of manpower, in the present day a large amount of rural young and strong labour population enters the city, rural labour force reduces by a wide margin and serious aging, the modern society that the labour force is short of is reduced the labour force quantity and is lightened the light simplification cane shoot cultivation of intensity of labour has become the focus of general concern and urgent demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, at least solves the technical problems in the related technology to a certain extent, and provides the cane shoot seedling deleting machine so as to achieve the purposes of high mechanization degree, high seedling deleting efficiency and labor saving.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a seedling machine is deleted to wild rice stem, includes the handle bar, the upper end of handle bar is equipped with the switch, and the lower extreme is equipped with the driving case, install the bevel gear axle through the bearing in the driving case, the axial region of bevel gear axle stretches out outside the driving case and is connected with the tool bit, the side slope of driving case is connected with the driving barrel, be equipped with the integral key shaft in the driving barrel, the spline portion of integral key shaft and the meshing of the bevel gear portion of bevel gear axle, the outer end of driving barrel is connected with the drive hose, be equipped with the spring shaft in the drive hose, the outer end of drive hose is connected with portable power supply, the one end of spring shaft and the axial region of integral key shaft are connected, the other end and the output shaft of power supply, the switch is connected with the power supply electricity.
Through the arrangement, 1, compared with a mode of bending to insert seedlings, the automatic seedling cutting machine adopts a power source as power output, utilizes the spring shaft, the spline shaft and the bevel gear shaft as transmission parts, finally achieves the purpose of driving the cutter head to rotate, achieves high mechanization degree, cuts seedlings at any position of the water bamboo pier through the rotation of the cutter head, is high in seedling cutting efficiency, does not need to bend, and can drive the cutter head to move by the driving handle, so that the labor is saved. 2. Through the transmission design of transmission hose, spring shaft, can not bring the restriction to user's action and gesture, and then can the person of facilitating the use change various postures when using and delete the seedling for convenient high efficiency more when this equipment uses. 3. The tool bit sets up on the handle pole, aim at the position that needs to delete the seedling after only need push down the handle pole can, where walk, delete where, save time cost.
As specific embodiments of the present invention, the following may be preferred: the outer end of the casing of transmission cylinder and power supply all is equipped with the adapter sleeve, the both ends of driving hose all are equipped with the connector that can insert to the adapter sleeve, the peripheral indent of connector is established and is formed spacing annular groove, be equipped with the locking convex part on the adapter sleeve, be equipped with the locking hole with the trepanning intercommunication of adapter sleeve on the locking convex part, be equipped with locking bolt in the locking hole, work as when locking bolt is located the locking hole, locking bolt passes spacing annular groove.
Through the arrangement, the positions of the two ends of the transmission hose are limited, and the transmission hose is prevented from loosening, falling off and the like when in use. And when the locking bolt was located the locking hole, the locking bolt passed spacing annular groove, spacing to the connector for the connector is difficult to be extracted, has further improved the installation stability to the connector.
As specific embodiments of the present invention, the following may be preferred: the both ends of spring shaft are square column, the output shaft of power supply with the axial region of integral key shaft all is equipped with the quad slit with square column adaptation.
Through the setting, square column can stretch into to square downthehole completely, including the stable installation of transmission hose, plays better spacing to the spring shaft that the nature is floppy drive pivot, avoids the spring shaft to take place the dislocation, collapses the phenomenon of bullet, guarantees its life.
As specific embodiments of the present invention, the following may be preferred: the lower extreme of handle bar is equipped with the mount that is used for installing the transmission shell, the mount includes upper plate, hypoplastron and connects the spliced pole of upper plate and hypoplastron, the transmission shell is worn to establish on the hypoplastron, the outer wall of transmission shell outwards extends the limit that prolongs that forms the upper surface conflict with the hypoplastron, prolong limit and hypoplastron through establishing the bolted connection at the hypoplastron lower surface.
Through the setting, the mount is used for fixed transmission shell, and then the lower extreme and the transmission shell rigid coupling of handle bar not, and this mode can not only let the transmission shell installation more firm, can not cause the change to the structure of transmission shell moreover, makes integral key shaft and bevel gear axle have the position installation.
As specific embodiments of the present invention, the following may be preferred: the transmission cylinder is internally provided with a limiting sleeve in interference fit, and the limiting sleeve is provided with a limiting hole matched with the shaft part of the spline shaft in size.
Through the arrangement, the spline shaft is arranged in the limiting hole, the rotating position of the spline shaft is limited by the design of the limiting sleeve, and the conditions of dislocation, swing and the like of the spline shaft are avoided.
As specific embodiments of the present invention, the following may be preferred: a limiting bulge is arranged in the limiting annular groove.
Through the setting, when the locking bolt is located the locking hole, the locking bolt passes spacing annular groove, can carry on spacingly to the connector for the connector is difficult to be extracted, but still can take place pivoted possibility after the connector atress, and spacing bellied existence cooperation locking bolt can avoid the wide-angle of connector to rotate, specifically as follows: when the connector rotates to a certain angle, the connector can not rotate under the influence of the limiting protrusions, and the purpose of avoiding further limiting the connector is achieved.
As specific embodiments of the present invention, the following may be preferred: the top of the handle rod is in an Contraband-shaped bent design.
Through the arrangement, the structure enables the top of the handle rod to be bent transversely, the force of the wrist of a user can be more conveniently exerted, the structure can also enable the downward pressure of the handle rod to be kept at the center of the handle rod, deviation can be avoided, and the user can conveniently exert the downward force.
As specific embodiments of the present invention, the following may be preferred: the tool bit comprises a tool apron and a tool rest, the tool rest is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the tool apron, the tool rest and the tool apron are matched to form a barrel-shaped structure with a downward opening, a positioning column is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower surface of the tool apron, a blade is mounted at the shaft part of the positioning column, the positioning column penetrates through the center of the blade and is fixedly connected with the blade, the height of the blade is flush with the lowest height of the tool rest, a plurality of openings are formed in the tool rest, the openings are uniformly distributed on the tool rest along the circumferential direction, a cutting sheet is formed between every two adjacent openings, cutting corners are arranged on two sides of the cutting sheet, a plurality of inverted teeth are arranged at the lower end of the tool rest, the inverted teeth are uniformly distributed at the lower end of the tool rest along the circumferential direction, a mounting column is fixedly mounted at the center of the upper surface of the tool apron, and an internal thread hole is formed in the top end of the mounting column, the axial region of bevel pinion is equipped with the external screw thread with the internal thread hole adaptation.
Through the arrangement, the internal thread hole at the top end of the mounting column is matched with the external thread of the shaft part of the bevel gear shaft, so that the cutter head can be firmly mounted on the bevel gear shaft, then the power source drives the cutter head to rotate, a user can aim the cutter head at the position needing to delete seedlings and descend, the positioning column can be firstly contacted with soil and inserted into the soil along with the descending of the cutter head, the positioning column plays a role in positioning, the cutter head is not easy to move even under high-speed rotation, the cutting range is stabilized, the seedling deleting position change or operator injury caused by the deviation of the cutter head during high-speed rotation is prevented, the cutter head can cut off the erected seedlings by the cutter head rotating at high speed, the lower end of the cutter head and the cutter blade can be contacted with the soil along with the deep penetration of the positioning column, the cutter blade can cut off the seedlings lying on the soil at the moment, and the lower surface of the cutter head is contacted with the soil until the positioning column completely enters the soil, so that the cutter head can not continue to descend, the blade stirs earth on one side and also cuts off the root of seedling in earth, and the tool bit still possesses the function of loosening the soil when guaranteeing that the cutting range is stable, can thoroughly eradicate the root of seedling moreover, cuts efficiently. In addition, the slicing can help the blade to cut some seedlings lying on the soil and the roots of some seedlings, and the cutting angle enables the slicing to be sharper; the pawl can help the blade to cut some seedlings of lying prone on earth to and the root of some seedlings, but also can improve the efficiency of stirring earth.
As specific embodiments of the present invention, the following may be preferred: the power source is a hand-held four-stroke gasoline engine.
Through the arrangement, each process of air intake, compression, expansion and exhaust of the handheld four-stroke gasoline engine is independently carried out, and the handheld four-stroke gasoline engine has the advantages of reliable work, high efficiency and good stability.
In addition, the invention also relates to a seedling deleting method suitable for the cane shoot seedling deleting machine, which comprises the following specific steps:
a: cultivating water bamboo seedling water bamboo piers;
b: when seedlings are deleted, a switch is started, and the cutter head rotates slowly;
c: the positioning column is inserted into the center of the water bamboo pier, the accelerator is increased until the inverted teeth act on about 3cm below the soil layer, the accelerator is reduced, the cutter head rotates slowly, and the water bamboo pier moves to the next water bamboo pier;
d: repeating the step c until the seedling deletion is finished;
e: irrigating water to make the water about 1cm higher than the soil layer of the water bamboo pier;
f: during the first earthing up, the soil is simultaneously bedded in the center of the water bamboo pier and the outer side of the water bamboo pier, and about 15 strong seedlings are reserved.
Through the above arrangement, the function of step c: firstly, the seedlings cut by the cutter head can be effectively prevented from regenerating; and secondly, the seedlings are grown along the incision by exogenous diffusion, so that the growth space is larger, the growth of the seedlings is facilitated, the uniformity is high, and the seedlings are strong. Thirdly, because no seedlings exist in the middle part, the follow-up rice stem can be protected by the mud in the pit more comprehensively and conveniently. The function of the step e is as follows: the roots and stem and leaf parts of the cut seedlings can be submerged by water, the rotting speed is accelerated, and the seedlings can be used as nutrients for the growth of the rest seedlings. In addition, the seedling deleting method only needs to delete the seedlings once, does not need to delete the seedlings for multiple times, and saves labor.
The technical effects of the invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. compared with a manual bowing seedling pinching mode, the seedling pinching device adopts a power source as power output, utilizes the spring shaft, the spline shaft and the bevel gear shaft as transmission parts, finally achieves the purpose of driving the cutter head to rotate, achieves high mechanization degree, deletes seedlings at any position of the water bamboo pier through the rotation of the cutter head, is high in seedling deleting efficiency, does not need bowing, and can drive the cutter head to move by the driving handle, so that manpower is saved. 2. The transmission section of thick bamboo slope sets up, and the mount that cooperation upper plate and hypoplastron are constituteed provides the position for the transmission section of thick bamboo to through the transmission design of transmission hose, spring shaft, can not bring the restriction to user's action and gesture, and then can change various postures when using by the person of facilitating the use and delete the seedling, make this equipment convenient high-efficient more when using. 3. The tool bit sets up on the handle pole, aim at the position that needs to delete the seedling after only need push down the handle pole can, where walk, delete where, save time cost. 4. According to the method, seedlings are screened in the center of the rubber pier through the cutter head, the cutter head penetrates into a soil layer by about 3cm, and water is irrigated to submerge the soil layer by about 1cm, through comparison, the growth of the water bamboos after seedling screening is generated, the water bamboos are more comprehensively protected by pit mud earthing, the growth space is larger, the net water bamboos are more advantageous in weight, length, width and rate, and the yield is higher; the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive housing and drive cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the spring shaft of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the connecting sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a connector according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of the cutter head of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a handle bar; 2. a switch; 3. a drive housing; 4. a bevel gear shaft; 5. a cutter head; 51. a tool apron; 52. a tool holder; 53. a positioning column; 54. a blade; 55. an opening; 56. slicing; 57. cutting corners; 58. chamfering; 59. mounting a column; 6. a transmission cylinder; 7. a spline shaft; 8. a drive hose; 9. a spring shaft; 10. a power source; 11. connecting sleeves; 12. a connector; 13. a limiting annular groove; 14. a locking projection; 15. a locking hole; 16. a locking bolt; 17. a square hole; 18. an upper plate; 19. a lower plate; 20. connecting columns; 21. edge extension; 22. a limiting sleeve; 23. a limiting hole; 24. and a limiting bulge.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention so that the technical aspects of the present invention can be more easily understood and appreciated, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
A seedling machine is deleted to wild rice stem, refer to fig. 1-6, the seedling machine is deleted to wild rice stem of the invention, including handle bar 1, the upper end of handle bar 1 is equipped with switch 2, the lower extreme is equipped with drive housing 3, install bevel gear shaft 4 through the bearing in the drive housing 3, the axial region of bevel gear shaft 4 stretches out outside drive housing 3 and is connected with tool bit 5, the side slope of drive housing 3 is connected with drive tube 6, be equipped with integral key shaft 7 in the drive tube 6, integral key shaft 7's spline portion and bevel gear portion meshing of bevel gear shaft 4, the outer end of drive tube 6 is connected with drive hose 8, be equipped with spring shaft 9 in the drive hose 8, the outer end of drive hose 8 is connected with portable power supply 10, one end of spring shaft 9 is connected with the axial region of integral key shaft 7, the other end and the output shaft connection of power supply 10, switch 2 is connected with power supply 10 electricity.
1. Compared with the mode of manually bending to cut seedlings, the automatic seedling cutting machine adopts the power source 10 as power output, utilizes the spring shaft 9, the spline shaft 7 and the bevel gear shaft 4 as transmission parts, finally achieves the purpose of driving the cutter head 5 to rotate, achieves high mechanization degree, cuts seedlings at any position of the water bamboo pier through the rotation of the cutter head 5, is high in seedling cutting efficiency, does not need to bend, and can drive the cutter head 5 to move by the driving handle, so that the labor is saved. 2. Through the transmission design of transmission hose 8, spring shaft 9, can not bring the restriction to user's action and gesture, and then can the person of facilitating the use change various postures when using and delete the seedling for convenient high efficiency more when this equipment uses. 3. The tool bit 5 is arranged on the handle rod 1, and only the handle rod 1 needs to be pressed down after the position of the seedling to be deleted is aligned, so that the seedling can be moved to and deleted, and the time cost is saved.
The outer ends of the shell of the transmission cylinder 6 and the shell of the power source 10 are respectively sleeved with a connecting sleeve 11, two ends of the transmission hose 8 are respectively provided with a connecting head 12 capable of being inserted into the connecting sleeve 11, the outer periphery of the connecting head 12 is inwards recessed to form a limiting annular groove 13, the connecting sleeve 11 is provided with a locking convex part 14, the locking convex part 14 is provided with a locking hole 15 communicated with a sleeve hole of the connecting sleeve 11, a locking bolt 16 is arranged in the locking hole 15, and when the locking bolt 16 is positioned in the locking hole 15, the locking bolt 16 penetrates through the limiting annular groove 13.
This design is injectd the position at transmission hose 8 both ends, prevents that transmission hose 8 from taking place to become flexible, phenomenon such as drop when using. When the locking bolt 16 is located in the locking hole 15, the locking bolt 16 passes through the limiting annular groove 13 to limit the connecting head 12, so that the connecting head 12 is difficult to pull out, and the mounting stability of the connecting head 12 is further improved.
Both ends of the spring shaft 9 are square columnar, and the output shaft of the power source 10 and the shaft part of the spline shaft 7 are provided with square holes 17 matched with the square columnar.
This design, square column can stretch into to the quad slit 17 completely in, including the stable installation of transmission hose 8, play better spacing to the spring shaft 9 that the nature is the floppy drive pivot, avoid spring shaft 9 to take place the dislocation, collapse the phenomenon of bullet, guarantee its life.
The lower extreme of handle bar 1 is equipped with the mount that is used for installing driving shell 3, and the mount includes upper plate 18, lower 190 and connects the spliced pole 20 of upper plate 18 and hypoplastron 19, and driving shell 3 wears to establish on hypoplastron 20, and the outer wall of driving shell 3 outwards extends the limit 21 that extends that forms and contradict with the upper surface of hypoplastron 19, extends limit 21 and hypoplastron 19 through establishing the bolted connection at hypoplastron 19 lower surface.
This design, mount are used for fixed transmission shell 3, and then the lower extreme and the 3 rigid couplings of transmission shell that are not handle bar 1, and this mode can not only let transmission shell 3 install more firm, can not cause the change to transmission shell 3's structure moreover, and the side slope of cooperation transmission shell 3 is connected with driving cylinder 6, makes integral key shaft 7 and bevel gear axle 4 have the position installation.
A limiting sleeve 22 is in interference fit in the transmission cylinder 6, and the limiting sleeve 22 is provided with a limiting hole 23 matched with the shaft part of the spline shaft 7 in size.
In the design, the spline shaft 7 is arranged in the limiting hole 23, and the rotation position of the spline shaft 7 is limited by the design of the limiting sleeve 22, so that the conditions of dislocation, swinging and the like of the spline shaft 7 are avoided.
The limiting annular groove 14 is internally provided with a limiting bulge 24.
This design, when locking bolt 16 was located locking hole 15, locking bolt 16 passed spacing annular groove 13, can carry on spacingly to connector 12 for connector 12 is difficult to be extracted, but still can take place the pivoted possibility behind the connector 12 atress, and spacing bellied existence cooperation locking bolt 16 can avoid the large-angle of connector 12 to rotate, specifically as follows: when the connector 12 rotates to a certain angle, the connector 12 cannot rotate under the influence of the limiting protrusion, and the purpose of avoiding further limiting the connector 12 is achieved.
The top of the handle bar 1 is in an Contraband-shaped bent design.
This structure for the top of handle bar 1 can be bent into transversely, the power of having an effect of the user's wrist of being more convenient for, and this structure can also make the holding down force of handle bar 1 keep in the center of handle bar 1 moreover, can not the off normal, and the person of facilitating the use is power down.
The cutter head 5 comprises a cutter holder 51 and a cutter holder 52, the cutter holder 52 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the cutter holder 51, the cutter holder 52 and the cutter holder 51 are matched to form a barrel-shaped structure with a downward opening 55, a positioning column 53 is fixedly arranged at the center of the lower surface of the cutter holder 51, a blade 54 is arranged on the shaft part of the positioning column 53, the positioning column 53 penetrates through the center of the blade 54 and is fixedly connected with the blade 54, the height of the blade 54 is flush with the lowest end of the cutter holder 52, a plurality of openings 55 are formed in the cutter holder 52, the openings 55 are uniformly distributed on the cutter holder 52 along the circumferential direction, a slice 56 is formed between two adjacent openings 55, chamfers 57 are arranged on two sides of the slice 56, a plurality of inverted teeth 58 are arranged at the lower end of the cutter holder 52, the inverted teeth 58 are uniformly distributed at the lower end of the cutter holder 52 along the circumferential direction, a mounting column 59 is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the cutter holder 51, an internal threaded hole is formed at the top end of the mounting column 59, the shaft part of the bevel gear shaft 4 is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread hole.
In the design, the internal thread hole at the top end of the mounting column 59 is matched with the external thread of the shaft part of the bevel gear shaft 4, so that the cutter head 5 can be firmly mounted on the bevel gear shaft 4, then the power source 10 drives the cutter head 5 to rotate, a user can align the cutter head 5 to the position where seedlings are required to be deleted and descend, along with the descending of the cutter head 5, the positioning column 53 can be firstly contacted with soil and inserted into the soil, the positioning column 53 plays a role in positioning, even if the cutter head 5 is rotated at a high speed, the cutter head 5 is not easy to move, so that the cutting range is stabilized, the seedling deletion position change or operator injury caused by the deviation when the cutter head 5 rotates at a high speed is prevented, at the moment, the blade 54 rotating at a high speed can cut off the vertical seedlings, along with the deepening of the positioning column 53, the lower end of the cutter rest 52 and the blade 54 can be contacted with the soil, at the moment, the blade 54 can cut off the seedlings lying on the soil until the positioning column 53 completely enters the soil, the lower surface of blade holder 51 guarantees with earth contact that tool bit 5 no longer continues to descend this moment, and blade 54 stirs earth on one side and also cuts off the root of seedling in earth, and tool bit 5 still possesses the function of loosening the soil when guaranteeing that the cutting range is stable, can thoroughly eradicate the root of seedling moreover, and cutting efficiency is high. In addition, the slices 56 can help the blades 54 to cut some seedlings lying on the soil and the roots of some seedlings, and the cutting corners 57 make the slices 56 sharper; the barbs 58 help the blades 54 cut some seedlings lying on the soil, and some roots of the seedlings, and also improve the efficiency of the soil agitation.
This design, each process of hand-held type four-stroke gasoline engine admits air, compression, inflation, exhaust is gone on separately, has reliable operation efficient, the good advantage of stability.
In addition, the invention also relates to a seedling deleting method suitable for the cane shoot seedling deleting machine, which comprises the following specific steps:
a: cultivating water bamboo seedling water bamboo piers;
b: when seedlings are deleted, a switch is started, and the cutter head rotates slowly;
c: the positioning column is inserted into the center of the water bamboo pier, the accelerator is increased until the inverted teeth act on about 3cm below the soil layer, the accelerator is reduced, the cutter head rotates slowly, and the water bamboo pier moves to the next water bamboo pier;
d: repeating the step c until the seedling deletion is finished;
e: irrigating water to make the water about 1cm higher than the soil layer of the water bamboo pier;
f: during the first earthing up, the soil is simultaneously bedded in the center of the water bamboo pier and the outer side of the water bamboo pier, and about 15 strong seedlings are reserved.
Wherein, the function of the step c is as follows: firstly, the seedlings cut by the cutter head can be effectively prevented from regenerating; and secondly, the seedlings are grown along the incision by exogenous diffusion, so that the growth space is larger, the growth of the seedlings is facilitated, the uniformity is high, and the seedlings are strong. Thirdly, because no seedlings exist in the middle part, the follow-up rice stem can be protected by the mud in the pit more comprehensively and conveniently. The function of the step e is as follows: the roots and the stem and leaf parts of the cut seedlings can be submerged by water, air is isolated, the rotting speed is accelerated, and the seedlings can be changed into nutrients for the growth of the rest seedlings. In addition, the seedling deleting method only needs to delete the seedlings once, does not need to delete the seedlings for multiple times, and saves labor.
In contrast, the inventors also performed experiments, and the following experiments are related to comparison of manual seedling pruning and mechanical seedling pruning by using the cane shoot pruning machine and the seedling pruning method applicable to the cane shoot pruning machine.
Comparative example 1: a seedling deleting method suitable for the cane shoot seedling deleting machine comprises the following specific steps:
a: cultivating water bamboo seedling water bamboo piers;
b: when seedlings are deleted, a switch is started, and the cutter head rotates slowly;
c, inserting the positioning column into the center of the water bamboo pier, increasing the accelerator until the inverted teeth act on about 3cm below the soil layer, reducing the accelerator, slowly rotating the cutter head, and moving to the next water bamboo pier;
d, repeating the step c until the seedling deletion is finished;
e: irrigating water to make the water about 1cm higher than the soil layer of the water bamboo pier;
f, in the first hilling, the center of the water bamboo pier and the outer side of the water bamboo pier are simultaneously subjected to pit mud hilling, and about 15 strong seedlings are reserved.
Comparative example 2: a seedling deleting method suitable for the cane shoot seedling deleting machine comprises the following specific steps:
a: cultivating water bamboo seedling water bamboo piers;
b: when seedlings are deleted, a switch is started, and the cutter head rotates slowly;
c: the positioning column is inserted into the center of the water bamboo pier, the accelerator is increased until the inverted teeth act on about 1cm below the soil layer, the accelerator is reduced, the cutter head rotates slowly, and the water bamboo pier moves to the next water bamboo pier;
d: repeating the step c until the seedling deletion is finished;
e: irrigating water to make the water about 1cm higher than the soil layer of the water bamboo pier;
f: during the first earthing up, the soil is simultaneously bedded in the center of the water bamboo pier and the outer side of the water bamboo pier, and about 15 strong seedlings are reserved.
Comparative example 3: a seedling deleting method suitable for the cane shoot seedling deleting machine comprises the following specific steps:
a: cultivating the wild rice stem seedling wild rice stem pier;
b: when seedlings are deleted, a switch is started, and the cutter head rotates slowly;
c: the positioning column is inserted into the center of the water bamboo pier, the accelerator is increased until the inverted tooth acts on about 5cm below the soil layer, the accelerator is reduced, the cutter head rotates slowly, and the water bamboo pier moves to the next water bamboo pier;
d: repeating the step c until the seedling deletion is finished;
e: irrigating water to make the water about 1cm higher than the soil layer of the water bamboo pier;
f: during the first earthing up, the soil is simultaneously bedded in the center of the water bamboo pier and the outer side of the water bamboo pier, and about 15 strong seedlings are reserved.
Comparative example 4: a seedling deleting method suitable for the cane shoot seedling deleting machine comprises the following specific steps:
a: cultivating water bamboo seedling water bamboo piers;
b: when seedlings are deleted, a switch is started, and the cutter head rotates slowly;
c: the positioning column is inserted into the center of the water bamboo pier, the accelerator is increased until the inverted teeth act on about 3cm below the soil layer, the accelerator is reduced, the cutter head rotates slowly, and the water bamboo pier moves to the next water bamboo pier;
d: repeating the step c until the seedling deletion is finished;
f: during the first earthing up, the soil is simultaneously bedded in the center of the water bamboo pier and the outer side of the water bamboo pier, and about 15 strong seedlings are reserved.
Wherein the variety of the ginseng test wild rice shoot is Zhejiang wild rice shoot No. 8. The test is carried out in 12 months to 2021 months in 2020, 6 months in Huangyan Liang Jun Zizania latifolia professional cooperation, belonging to subtropical monsoon climate, wherein the annual average air temperature is 17.0 ℃, the annual average rainfall is 1800mm, the annual average sunshine time is 1814.3h, and the frost-free period is 257 d. The water bamboo is planted in a sheet mode, and the soil fertility is moderate.
The test was carried out by using 5 treatments of artificial shoot Cutback (CK), comparative example 1 (T1), comparative example 2 (T2), comparative example 3 (T3) and comparative example 4 (T4) and using a cell contrast test with a cell area of 100m2(namely the area of a single greenhouse), repeating for 3 times, wherein the row spacing is 90m by 100m, and other cultivation measures are the same. The harvest period is 3 months 23 days in 2021 to 4 months 19 days in 2021.
TABLE 1 influence of different seedling-cutting modes on economic character of Zizania latifolia
As can be seen from table 1, the artificial seedlings (CK) were compared with comparative example 1 (T1): the data of comparative example 1 (T1) is most advantageous, and comparative example 1 (T1) treated average hull cane shoot weight of 128.10g, which is 1.30% lower than that of artificial shoot Cutling (CK). The average net wild rice stem weight is 92.79g, and the weight is increased by 1.97 percent compared with the weight of artificial seedling deletion (CK). The appearance difference of the zizania latifolia is not obvious, and the length and the width of the zizania latifolia are obvious, so that the comparative example 1 (T1) has more advantages. The net water shoot rate of the comparative example 1 (T1) is 72.44%, which is 3.32% higher than that of the artificial seedling (CK). The data show that the method of the invention is more advantageous.
Artificial seedlings (CK), comparative example 1 (T1), comparative example 2 (T2), comparative example 3 (T3) and comparative example 4 (T4) were compared: the mechanical seedling deletion and the step e have no inhibition phenomenon on the growth of the wild rice shoots, the growth of ineffective tillers is effectively cut off, meanwhile, the cutter head 5 mainly acts on the central part of the wild rice shoot pier, the position, which is about 3cm deeper than the ground, below the pawl is the optimal position, the wild rice shoots in the pregnant wild rice shoot stage are convenient to earthing, when the position, which is about 1cm deeper than the ground, below the pawl, the seedling is not completely deleted, the seedling regeneration phenomenon exists, and when the position, which is about 5cm deeper than the ground, below the pawl, the seedling is cut.
TABLE 2 influence of different seedling-cutting modes on yield and economic benefit of Zizania latifolia
Note: the average market price of the summer cane shoots is 5 yuan/kg.
As can be seen from Table 2, the average yield of wild rice stem treated in comparative example 1 (T1) was 2117.5kg/667m2Compared with the artificial seedling (CK), the yield is increased by 52.10kg/667m2The amplification is 2.50%. Compared with the manual seedling deletion (CK), the comparative example 1 (T1) can save 3.5 workers and save the labor cost by 700 yuan/667 m2. Removing production and labor cost, and artificially deleting seedlings (CK) to treat summer water bamboo with net profit of 3943.0 yuan/667 m per season2While comparative example 1 (T1) had a net processing profit of 4687.50 yuan/667 m2Net interest ofCompared with CK, the yield is increased by 960.50 yuan/667 m2The amplification was 25.77%.
The cane shoots subjected to mechanical seedling pruning treatment by using the cane shoot pruning machine and the seedling pruning method applicable to the cane shoot pruning machine have no obvious difference from manual seedling pruning in the aspect of commodity. But the net wild rice stem rate and the yield are improved slightly, and the main reasons are 4 points: firstly, seedlings are cut off mainly through cutting the seedlings at the center of the water bamboo pier, the seedlings are spread and grown along the knife edge exogenous sources, and the growth space is large. And secondly, the cutter head 5 can extend downwards to about 3cm of soil layer for cutting, so that incomplete manual seedling deletion and the seedling restoration condition of deleted seedlings are avoided, the uniformity of the seedlings is good, and the seedlings are strong. Thirdly, the wild rice stem is protected by the pit mud more comprehensively, the wild rice stem can only be protected by earthing up outside the wild rice stem pier through traditional manual seedling pruning, and the hollow position is reserved after the seedlings are pruned by the cutter head 5, so that the all-round pit mud is more favorably realized. And fourthly, the roots, stems and leaves of the cut seedlings can be submerged by water, air is isolated, the rotting speed is accelerated, the seedlings can also be changed into nutrients for the growth of the rest seedlings, the regrowth of the deleted seedlings is avoided, and the growth of the seedlings is not inhibited.
The labor can be reduced by 3.5 workers by using the cane shoot seedling cutting machine, and the cost is saved by 700 yuan/667 m2The net profit can be improved to 960.50 yuan/667 m2. In the process of artificially deleting redundant seedlings of the water bamboo pier, only stems and leaves at the upper end can be pulled out, the stems connected with roots can still continue to extend, the deleted seedlings are regenerated, at least more than 2 times of replacement and deletion are needed, the regeneration phenomenon of the deleted seedlings cannot be eradicated, and the growth of seedlings is inhibited. And the seedling pruning machine can realize the complete early pruning of the cane shoots and can meet the technical requirement of cultivation without repeated pruning before the cane shoots are protected by nest mud. The cane shoot seedling deleting machine is labor-saving and easy to operate, and has important significance for reducing labor intensity and accelerating the process of cane shoot cultivation.
It is understood that the above are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and other embodiments of the present invention may be made by using equivalent or equivalent alternatives, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A seedling screening using method of a water bamboo seedling cutting machine comprises a handle rod, wherein a switch is arranged at the upper end of the handle rod, a transmission shell is arranged at the lower end of the handle rod, a bevel gear shaft is installed in the transmission shell through a bearing, the shaft portion of the bevel gear shaft extends out of the transmission shell and is connected with a cutter head, a transmission cylinder is obliquely connected to the side face of the transmission shell, a spline shaft is arranged in the transmission cylinder, the spline portion of the spline shaft is meshed with a bevel gear portion of the bevel gear shaft, the outer end of the transmission cylinder is connected with a transmission hose, a spring shaft is arranged in the transmission hose, the outer end of the transmission hose is connected with a portable power source, one end of the spring shaft is connected with the shaft portion of the spline shaft, the other end of the spring shaft is connected with an output shaft of the power source, and the switch is electrically connected with the power source, and the seedling cutting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a: cultivating water bamboo seedling water bamboo piers;
b: when seedlings are deleted, a switch is started, and the cutter head rotates slowly;
c, inserting the positioning column into the center of the water bamboo pier, increasing the accelerator until the inverted teeth act on about 3cm below the soil layer, reducing the accelerator, slowly rotating the cutter head, and moving to the next water bamboo pier;
d, repeating the step c until the seedling deletion is finished;
e: irrigating water to enable the water to be 1cm higher than a water bamboo pier soil layer;
f, in the first hilling, the center of the water bamboo pier and the outer side of the water bamboo pier are simultaneously subjected to pit mud hilling, and about 15 strong seedlings are reserved.
2. The seedling screening and using method of the cane shoot seedling pruning machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outer end of the casing of transmission cylinder and power supply all is equipped with the adapter sleeve, the both ends of driving hose all are equipped with the connector that can insert to the adapter sleeve, the peripheral indent of connector is established and is formed spacing annular groove, be equipped with the locking convex part on the adapter sleeve, be equipped with the locking hole with the trepanning intercommunication of adapter sleeve on the locking convex part, be equipped with locking bolt in the locking hole, work as when locking bolt is located the locking hole, locking bolt passes spacing annular groove.
3. The seedling screening and using method of the cane shoot seedling pruning machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the both ends of spring shaft are square column, the output shaft of power supply with the axial region of integral key shaft all is equipped with the quad slit with square column adaptation.
4. The seedling screening and using method of the cane shoot seedling pruning machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lower extreme of handle bar is equipped with the mount that is used for installing the transmission shell, the mount includes upper plate, hypoplastron and connects the spliced pole of upper plate and hypoplastron, the transmission shell is worn to establish on the hypoplastron, the outer wall of transmission shell outwards extends the limit that prolongs that forms the upper surface conflict with the hypoplastron, prolong limit and hypoplastron through establishing the bolted connection at the hypoplastron lower surface.
5. The seedling screening and using method of the cane shoot seedling pruning machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the transmission cylinder is internally provided with a limiting sleeve in interference fit, and the limiting sleeve is provided with a limiting hole matched with the shaft part of the spline shaft in size.
6. The seedling screening and using method of the cane shoot seedling pruning machine of claim 2, which is characterized in that: a limiting bulge is arranged in the limiting annular groove.
7. The seedling screening and using method of the water bamboo seedling pruning machine of claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of the handle rod is in an Contraband-shaped bent design.
8. The seedling screening and using method of the cane shoot seedling pruning machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the tool bit comprises a tool apron and a tool rest, the tool rest is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the tool apron, the tool rest and the tool apron are matched to form a barrel-shaped structure with a downward opening, a positioning column is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower surface of the tool apron, a blade is mounted at the shaft part of the positioning column, the positioning column penetrates through the center of the blade and is fixedly connected with the blade, the height of the blade is flush with the lowest height of the tool rest, a plurality of openings are formed in the tool rest, the openings are uniformly distributed on the tool rest along the circumferential direction, a cutting sheet is formed between every two adjacent openings, cutting corners are arranged on two sides of the cutting sheet, a plurality of inverted teeth are arranged at the lower end of the tool rest, the inverted teeth are uniformly distributed at the lower end of the tool rest along the circumferential direction, a mounting column is fixedly mounted at the center of the upper surface of the tool apron, and an internal thread hole is formed in the top end of the mounting column, the axial region of bevel pinion is equipped with the external screw thread with the internal thread hole adaptation.
9. The seedling screening and using method of the cane shoot seedling pruning machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the power source is a hand-held four-stroke gasoline engine.
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| DE3922565A1 (en) * | 1989-07-08 | 1991-01-17 | Paul Karl Heinz | TILLAGE MACHINE FOR SERIES CULTURES |
| CN2372877Y (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-04-12 | 林伟 | Tiller with flexible axle |
| CN210381813U (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-04-24 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | Zizania latifolia seedling deleting device |
| CN110012682A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-16 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | Wild rice stem deletes seedling device |
| CN211909571U (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-11-13 | 杨良军 | Zizania latifolia seedling-cutting machine cutter head |
| CN111955070A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 刘桂花 | Agricultural is with portable ware of thinning out |
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