CN103314751B - Millennium Tove ancient tea tree cutting propagation method - Google Patents
Millennium Tove ancient tea tree cutting propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103314751B CN103314751B CN201310241564.XA CN201310241564A CN103314751B CN 103314751 B CN103314751 B CN 103314751B CN 201310241564 A CN201310241564 A CN 201310241564A CN 103314751 B CN103314751 B CN 103314751B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a millennium Tove ancient tea tree cutting propagation method which is a vegetative propagation method. Maternal characters can be ensured, and the method includes the steps: building seedbeds; selecting cuttings or cutting slips; treating the cuttings or the cutting slips; performing cutting; managing a nursery garden. The method is characterized in that the seedbeds include large seedbeds and small seedbeds, a ditch with a 0.1m width is formed in the middle of each large seedbed, each large seedbed is divided into two small seedbeds with 0.45m widths, mulching films respectively cover the two small seedbeds, and sheds are arched for the large seedbeds. The rooting rate of the cuttings or the cutting slips is increased by clipping and treatment of plant growth hormone, the survival rate of tea trees is ensured, cost is greatly reduced by building the special seedbeds, and the cultivation cycle of tea tree seedlings is shortened to 5-6 months by monitoring and adjusting physicochemical environments of the nursery garden such as temperature, humidity, air, illumination and a ph (potential of hydrogen) value when the nursery garden is managed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant cuttage multiplication technique field, particularly a kind of Duo Beigu tea cutting expanding propagation method in thousand.
Background technology
Piece shellfish tea is the historical famous tea of Puding County, Anshun City, Guizhou Province, originates on a matchmaker mountain of shellfish section height above sea level 1100 meters-1300 meters.As far back as between Hong Wunian, a shellfish tea has all become tribute tea.1979 " Ci hai " have recorded a shellfish tea, comrade Chen Yun in 1988 epigraph " Chinese traditional food is complete works of. Guizhou traditional food " and a book tealeaves column included 16 kinds of historical famous teas inside the province such as Duo Beigong tea, all even high-quality green tea.But permanent along with the time, only can find the Duo Beigong tea of former taste original flavor in the wilderness of Puding County, Duo Beigong tea does not also enter large-scale tea place and produces.Just say nothing of Duo Beigu tea tree in thousand and be introduced into tea place.
Few of ancient tea tree in domestic thousand at present, and be exactly one of them as a shellfish tea of the ancestral of tribute tea, therefore we are necessary that carrying out large-area expansion breeding to it plants, and keep this part of material and culture.But the expanding propagation method of tea tree has sexual propagation and vegetative propagation two kinds, and sexual propagation can destroy the shape of parent own, and then the merit existing for ancient tea tree is made to be difficult to preserve; And vegetative propagation overcomes this difficult problem just, the merit of parent is preserved.
In recent years, people more and more pay attention to the vegetative propagation technique of tea tree, how to reach fast, low cost cultivates and emerge, and improve survival rate and the technical research utilizing the different piece of tea tree to do parent to breed and protection during transplanting.As " the tea tree seedling cave dish mating system " of the patent No. 200910233305.6, 200910099388.6 " propagation method of a kind of tea tree ", 200810130450.7 and 200810073491.7 " tea tree short fringe tender lateral branch cuttage breeding method ", 99121205.3 " a kind of cuttage without spreading subsoil for tea tree ", 99114884.3 " a kind of fast tea seedling growing method " etc., start with from above-mentioned Railway Project respectively and be studied, but can ensure to solve technical problem on the one hand, but can not ensure that other technologies problem is solved, as prevented weeding, the patent injuring tea shoot during desinsection is " a kind of cuttage without spreading subsoil for tea tree " of 99121205.3.And the aspect of loss problem that other patents only only considered toxigenic capacity, cycle of emerging, survival rate when transplanting and final-period management cause or several aspect, make the technology in the vegetative propagation of tea tree not mature enough; In tea tree reproductive process, to the waste of rare tea tree (as Duo Beigu tea tree in thousand) bud, seedling, stem, branch.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve the technical problem existed in above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of Duo Beigu tea cutting method in thousand is provided, the raising of survival rate when its cost is low, survival rate is high, simple to operate, cultivation cycle is short, particularly guarantee is transplanted, thus comprehensively meet the technique effect needing when Duo Beigu tea cutting expanded numerous in thousand to reach.
The present invention will be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The cuttage expanding propagation method of Duo Beigu tea tree in a kind of thousand, comprise: seedbed is set up, transplant or the choosing of cuttings, transplant or the process of cuttings, cuttage, nursery management, it is characterized in that: seedbed is divided into large seedbed and little seedbed, large seedbed is established as centre and leaves the wide ditch of 0.1m, two little seedbeds that large seedbed is divided into 0.45m wide, two little seedbeds add plastic mulching respectively, and to large seedbed shed.
Described large seedbed is established as ditch depth 30cm, and being provided with passageway between large seedbed wide is 0.4m, and furrow are 20cm deeply.
Not spreading subsoil is set up in described seedbed, and carries out chemical weed control, sterilization to nursery, and the pH value adjusting nursery is 4.5-5.5.
Described transplant or cuttings to cut be that a joint 3-4cm is long.
Described transplant as raw lignified branch then, internode with a tender new sheath of side shoot at least with a slice climax leaves.
Described cuttings is short fringe tender lateral branch.
Described short fringe tender lateral branch is that female fringe internode of semi-lignified is with a tender new sheath of side shoot with at least with a slice climax leaves.
Described to transplant or cuttings heteroauxin and similar auxin dipping or be coated with dips in.
Described transplant or cuttings time, the length inserted in soil is transplant or the 2/3-3/4 of cuttings.
Described nursery bed management is watered to nursery, and the natural conditions such as desinsection and temperature, humidity, illumination, air control the condition for being applicable to Duo Beigu growth of tea plant in thousand.
Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in: providing a kind of condition that temperature reaches growth of tea plant that ensures by improving the structure in seedbed, exempting the loss that people brings for weeding; Replace watering by the form of furrow irrigation, and then reduce the loss because weeding brings by simple plastic mulching form, saved chemical herbicide, reduced production cost; Again physics and chemistry process is carried out to the growing environment of tea seedling, its pH value is made to be retained in the scope of 4.5-6.5, and pass through the tea tree stem cutting branch of cuttage and the rooting treatment of cuttings, effectively ensure that the rooting rate of tea tree, improve survival rate, and in the management in later stage, impel tea seedling reform of nature environment, and then improve the survival rate of tea seedling when transplanting, and shorten the cultivation period of tea seedling.
Therefore the present invention is to provide a kind of simple, easy and simple to handle, effectively can reduce costs, improve survival rate, shorten cultivation period, and the cuttage expanding propagation method of Duo Beigu tea tree in environmentally friendly thousand.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with foregoing and embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but claimed scope is not limited only to following description.
Embodiment one
(1) seedbed is set up
Choose one piece of vacant lot, smooth to it, then the large seedbed that 1m is wide is built into, be 0.4m by the distance controlling between two large seedbeds, as aisle during final-period management seedbed, and the soil in this aisle excavated on seedbed, the degree of depth in aisle is made to be 20cm, then by dig out in the middle of seedbed wide for 1m one wide be 0.1m, the dark ditch for 30cm, two the little seedbeds being divided into 0.45m wide in large seedbed, irrigate through furrow for during final-period management seedbed; Subsequently to the earth in little seedbed carry out compression and smooth, water and spray with chemical herbicide and disinfectant; Then cover two little seedbed land used films respectively, earth is close to by mulch film, uses in order to the later stage.
Separated by the irrigation canals and ditches of aisle with furrow irrigation, ensure that the later stage waters when managing and reduce bringing into of bacterium; Mulch film is close to earth and is sprayed chemical herbicide and disinfectant, prevents the quick growth of weeds, the loss brought when exempting weeding, and the pollution of bacterium is lowered into motility rate.
(2) that transplants choosing and processing
Choose the branch of Duo Beigu tea tree in thousand, namely lignified branch cuts off, and be kept to the long joint of 3-4cm, the heteroauxin of the slotting 500ppm of saving of the tea seedling sheared off, with a tender side sheath and at least with a ripe blade, carries out being coated with dipping in or being coated with the auxin that other contribute to taking root and dips in by each joint.
The waste to tea seedling is reduced by the cut to lengthen of joint, and then decrease the waste of cost, ensured by the blade of each joint and the clip of bud seedling simultaneously, improve the survival rate coefficient of tea seedling, pass through auxin again, if heteroauxin is to the process of transplanting, ensure that the rooting rate of tea seedling, the survival rate improving tea seedling of larger progress.
(3) cuttage
By the cuttage of tea tree stem cutting good for previous processed joint on ready seedbed, the tea tree stem cutting joint cuttage degree of depth entered in earth is 2/3-3/4, and it is abundant with the contact of earth to ensure to insert joint, the tender side sheath simultaneously making tea tree stem cutting save does not contact with earth with blade, the wind direction when direction of blade is cuttage, spacing in the rows is 0.2cm in length and breadth; Every mu of cuttage 22-23 ten thousand strain.
The degree of depth of burying through cuttage is to control the contact of tea tree stem cutting joint and earth, ensure to transplant the absorption ratio of moisture, simultaneously, ensure that the tender shoots sheath of tea tree stem cutting joint does not contact with earth with blade and blade is downwind, reduce the damage to tender shoots sheath and blade of bacterium and wind, add the survival rate of tea tree stem cutting seedling.
(4) shed
Nursery shed good for cuttage is arched up, and builds with the sunshade of film and 70%, ensure that the abundance of sunlight and temperature stabilization are at 25 degrees centigrade, and control the humidity in seedbed well, ensure that nursery soil is often in moistening state better.The pH value simultaneously controlling seedbed is 4.5-6.5, guarantees that the physicochemical environment of tea seedling cuttage is best.
(5) management in nursery
After cuttage, irregular to be irrigated through furrow in nursery, ensure that the moisture of tea seedling is sufficient, often irrigate through furrow is once 2-3 hour, along with the prolongation of time, number of times and the time of furrow irrigation reduce gradually, but ensure that seedbed is often in moisture state for best, furrow irrigation each time makes the depth of water in ditch be that 17-19cm is advisable, and enables the tea seedling of cuttage touch moisture fully like this.When the most root of hair of nursery stock reaches 0.8-1cm, carry out first time fertilising to nursery stock, first time fertilising is mainly come into leaves based on extraneous root, puts into ditch by during furrow irrigation; Deng 10-12 days after first time fertilising, after long luxuriant of tea tree shoot root leaf, carrying out secondary spraying, nature exercise is carried out to nursery simultaneously, promote the resistance of tea seedling and healthy and strong degree, after spraying, and with fresh water spraying, to protect the health of tea seedling leaf; Subsequently, spray insect protected medicine is added, the loss that the infringement reducing insect causes.
Embodiment two
In the process of in embodiment one, tea tree being transplanted, choose the heteroauxin dipping 30s of 500ppm, take out cuttage subsequently and enter seedbed.Other steps go on according to the method for embodiment one, and the rooting rate that tea tree is transplanted is guaranteed.
Embodiment three
The tea tree branch chosen transplanting in embodiment one and the process short fringe tender lateral branch of tea tree is replaced, and operates according to the method for embodiment one.Tender shoots fringe is the state being in a kind of semi-lignified, is therefore in quick differentiation state, has larger help to the raising of rooting rate, further improves the survival rate of tea seedling.And in the nursery bed management phase, nature exercise is carried out to nursery, conforming, be conducive to ensureing survival rate when transplanting, simultaneously by carrying out processing to the environmental condition in nursery and controlling, shorten the cultivation cycle of tea seedling.
Embodiment four
The tea tree branch chosen transplanting in embodiment two and the process short fringe tender lateral branch of tea tree is replaced, operate according to the method for embodiment two, improve rooting rate greatly, and in the nursery bed management phase, nature exercise is carried out to nursery, conforming, is conducive to ensureing survival rate when transplanting, simultaneously by carrying out processing to the environmental condition in nursery and controlling, shorten the cultivation cycle of tea seedling.
The tea shoot cultivated by the inventive method can be transplanted to tea place after 5-6 month, carried out conventional tea tree management.The present invention is suitable for vegetative propagation technique association area.
Claims (5)
1. a Duo Beigu tea cutting expanding propagation method in thousand, comprise: seedbed is set up, transplant or the choosing of cuttings, transplant or the process of cuttings, cuttage, nursery management, it is characterized in that: seedbed is divided into large seedbed and little seedbed, large seedbed is established as centre and leaves the wide ditch of 0.1m, two little seedbeds that large seedbed is divided into 0.45m wide, two little seedbeds add plastic mulching respectively, and to large seedbed shed; Described large seedbed is established as ditch depth 30cm, and being provided with passageway between large seedbed wide is 0.4m, and furrow are 20cm deeply; Not spreading subsoil is set up in described seedbed, and carries out chemical weed control, sterilization to nursery, and the pH value adjusting nursery is 4.5-5.5; Described transplant or cuttings to cut be that a joint 3-4cm is long; Described transplant as raw lignified branch then, internode with a tender new sheath of side shoot at least with a slice climax leaves; Described cuttings is short fringe tender lateral branch.
2. Duo Beigu tea cutting expanding propagation method in as claimed in claim 1 thousand, is characterized in that: described short fringe tender lateral branch is that female fringe internode of semi-lignified is with a tender new sheath of side shoot with at least with a slice climax leaves.
3. Duo Beigu tea cutting expanding propagation method in as claimed in claim 1 thousand, is characterized in that: described to transplant or cuttings heteroauxin dipping or be coated with dips in.
4. Duo Beigu tea cutting expanding propagation method in as claimed in claim 1 thousand, is characterized in that: described transplant or cuttings time, the length inserted in soil is transplant or the 2/3-3/4 of cuttings.
5. Duo Beigu tea cutting expanding propagation method in as claimed in claim 1 thousand, is characterized in that: described nursery bed management is watered to nursery, the control of desinsection and temperature, humidity, illumination, air.
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Families Citing this family (8)
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| CN104429435B (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2017-01-04 | 鹿寨县大乐岭茶业有限公司 | The breeding method of tea seedling |
| CN105432268A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-03-30 | 贵州茶间道农业发展有限公司 | Light control method for tea leaf cultivation |
| CN104604506A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-13 | 铜仁市茶叶行业协会 | Ancient tea rapid cultivation method |
| CN104620825A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-05-20 | 长沙端香农业科技有限公司 | Tree tea asexual cuttage propagation seedling growing technology |
| CN104641920B (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-08-17 | 贵州习水县勤韵茶业有限公司 | Giant tea tree cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN107125093A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-05 | 金平蝶艺茗韵生态产业贸易有限公司 | Wild ancient tea tree domestication's breeding method |
| CN109315160A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-02-12 | 贵州普定印象朵贝农业开发有限公司 | A kind of expanding propagation method of ancient tea tree in thousand |
| CN113678652A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-23 | 广东绿湖园艺股份有限公司 | Cutting seedling method of ancient tea trees |
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| CN101416593A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-29 | 南京新世纪园艺研究所 | Single-node cutting seed-raising method of tea plant |
| CN102919019A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-02-13 | 青岛金天柱山绿茶专业合作社 | Breeding method for clone improved dragon well tea 43 in Jiaodong areas |
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