CN113331091A - Artificial propagation method of Chinese knot fishes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial propagation method of Chinese knot fish, which comprises parent fish seed selection, parent fish cultivation, artificial propagation and incubation. The Chinese knot fish is cultivated by adopting a scientific artificial propagation method, the fertilization and hatching rate is high, and the problem that the quantity of wild Chinese knot fish is sharply reduced due to over fishing for economic purposes is solved. Realizes the breakthrough of artificial propagation of Chinese knot fish from endless to endless.

Description

Artificial propagation method of Chinese knot fishes

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial fish breeding, and particularly relates to an artificial breeding method of Chinese knot fish.

Background

Chinese knot fish (tor) Sinensis) belongs to Cyprinaceae, commonly known as: red wings, in the form of lan cang Jiang. Chinese knot fish body is flat on side, kissing on tip and protruding forward. The lower part of the mouth, the thick lips and the flesh completely cover the edge of the jaw; the lower lip has 3 lobes, the middle lobe is developed and tongue-shaped, and the trailing edge of the middle lobe of the adult fish is almost flush with the corner of the mouth. There are 2 pairs of palpus, short palpus, and the mandible extending backward to the posterior edge of the eye. The scale is large, the number of side line scales is 23-26, the side line is slightly bent downwards, and the upper part of the side line is black. The dorsal fin is hard, stabbed, thick and smooth, and the tail fin is forked. Chinese knot fish belongs to middle and lower layer fish, and normally inhabits in the slow flow place of the river main flow. Juvenile fish feed on zooplankton, adult fish feed on miscellaneous foods, mainly aquatic invertebrates. The spawning period is 9-10 months, and the breeding is carried out in the torrent of the pebble bottom. Chinese knot fish is large in size, can reach dozens of kilograms, is delicious in meat quality, is originally common edible fish in a producing area, and is an endangered fish species.

No artificial reproduction precedent exists for the Chinese knot fishes at present.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the precedent that the Chinese knot fishes are not successfully bred artificially at present, the invention provides an artificial breeding method of the Chinese knot fishes, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

an artificial propagation method of Chinese knot fishes comprises the following steps:

(1) parent fish seed selection:

the parent is obtained by wild capture from the billows and domestication and selection;

(2) parent fish breeding:

1) building a culture pond: the pool bottom is flat, the sludge is less, the area is 0.2h, the square meter is 0.33h, and the water depth is 1.5m to 2 m;

2) male and female ratio and stocking amount: the male and female proportion is as follows: 1: 1; the stocking amount of parent fishes is 60kg/100 square meters or the stocking density is 25-30 per 100 square meters;

3) feeding and feeding: the parent fish bait is mainly a complete compound feed, and mainly comprises the following components: 30% of protein, 3.5% of fat, 11% of crude fiber, 15% of crude ash powder and 1.3% of lysine, and the auxiliary bait is screws and mussels;

(3) artificial propagation:

1) parent fish selection and matching: the female fish is more than 4+ old, the weight is more than 2 kg, and the abdomen is enlarged and soft; the male fish is more than 3+ years old, the weight is more than 2.5 kg, and semen flows out when the abdomen is lightly pressed; the male and female proportion is as follows: 1: 1; the artificial propagation period is 10-11 months per year;

2) injection of oxytocic: injecting LRH-A2+ DOM into female fish, wherein the injection amount is LRH-A22 mug + DOM 3mg, and the male fish is half of the female fish, and synchronously injecting at one time; the spawning induction temperature is 23-25 ℃;

3) artificial fertilization: when the spawned parent fish is going to spawn in the high-tide of estrus, spawn collection and semen collection are carried out, so that mature semen and spawn are fertilized in a container;

4) hatching: the incubation is carried out by adopting still water, the incubation water temperature is 25-28 ℃, and the incubation time is 75-68 h.

Preferably, the parent fish breeding pond can be used for breeding the filter-feeding fishes.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the Chinese knot fish is cultivated by adopting a scientific artificial propagation method, the fertilization and hatching rate is high, and the problem that the quantity of wild Chinese knot fish is sharply reduced due to over fishing for economic purposes is solved. Realizes the breakthrough of artificial propagation of Chinese knot fish from endless to endless.

Detailed Description

Example (b):

an artificial propagation method of Chinese knot fishes comprises the following steps:

(1) parent fish seed selection:

the parent is obtained by wild capture in the billows and domestication and selection. And selecting a population from the wild parents to breed parent fish with obvious growth speed advantage for use as the parent fish.

(2) Parent fish breeding:

1) building a culture pond: the parent fish culture pond has the advantages of sufficient water source, fresh water quality, convenient injection and drainage and quiet environment. The pool bottom is flat, the sludge is less, the area is 0.2h square meter to 0.33h square meter, and the water depth is 1.5m to 2 m. The pond clearing is in accordance with SC/T1008-2002.

2) Male and female ratio and stocking amount: the male and female proportion is as follows: 1: 1; the stocking amount of the parent fish is 60kg per 100 square meters or the stocking density is 25-30 per 100 square meters. Proper amount of the fish with the appetite regulation function can be matched.

3) Feeding and feeding: chinese knot fish belongs to omnivorous fish, and parent fish feed mainly comprises complete formula feed (mainly comprising protein 40%, fat 3.5%, crude fiber 11%, crude ash powder 15%, lysine 1.3%, etc.). Screws and clams are used as auxiliary materials. The daily bait feeding amount is 2% -3% of the weight of the fish, the bait feeding amount is adjusted according to seasons and water temperature, and the food intake of the fish increases along with the rising of the water temperature.

(3) Artificial propagation:

chinese knot fish can lay eggs and breed in 9-10 months every year in lan cang river. The parent fish after artificial domestication is subjected to proper management measures, intensive cultivation is carried out, sufficient bait is provided, the gonad of the parent fish is well developed in 10-11 months, namely, the female fish is expanded in the upper abdomen, soft in the lower abdomen and ruddy in cloaca, and can be used as an aphrodisiac fish; when the male fish is slightly pressed down on the abdomen, scattered milky semen flows out, and the male fish can be selected.

1) Parent fish selection and matching: the female fish is more than 4+ old, the weight is more than 2 kg, and the abdomen is enlarged and soft; the male fish is more than 3+ years old, the weight is more than 2.5 kg, and semen flows out when the abdomen is lightly pressed; the male and female proportion is as follows: 1:1.

The artificial propagation period is 10-11 months per year;

2) injection of oxytocic: the female fish is injected with LRH-A2+ DOM with the injection amount of LRH-A2 (luteinizing hormone releasing hormone) 2 mug + DOM (domperidone) 3mg, and the male fish is half of the female fish, and is synchronously injected at one time; the spawning induction temperature is 23-25 ℃;

3) artificial fertilization: when the parent fish after spawning induction is about to spawn in a high tide, spawn collection and semen collection are carried out, so that mature semen and mature eggs are fertilized in a container.

4) Hatching: the fertilized egg of Chinese knot fish is semi-viscous egg. Hatching in still water at 25-28 deg.c for 75-68 hr.

Cultivation experiment:

oxytocic control experiment:

the 200 Chinese knot fishes are divided into two groups A and B, each group has 100 fishes, and the male-female ratio is 1: 1.

The group A injection oxytocin is multiestrol (HCG), and the injection site of the oxytocin is the base of the pectoral fin.

The group B injection oxytocin is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LRH-A2) + Domperidone (DOM), and the injection site of the oxytocin is the base of the pectoral fin.

The experimental results are as follows:

control experiment of induced spawning temperature:

the 300 Chinese knot fishes are divided into A, B, C three groups, each group has 100 fishes, and the male-female ratio is 1: 1.

The oxytocin release hormone (LRH-A2) + Domperidone (DOM) is injected, and the injection site of the oxytocin is the basal part of the pectoral fin.

The injection amount (the female fish and the male fish are half of the amount of the female fish, and the injection is synchronously carried out at one time): LRH-A22 μ g + DOM 3 mg.

The experimental results are as follows:

incubation experiments:

the fertilized eggs of the Chinese knot fish are floating eggs. Adopting a ring-shaped water flowing groove for hatching.

Dividing 300 fertilized eggs into A, B, C three groups, each group comprises 100 fertilized eggs, debonding the fertilized eggs, transferring the fertilized eggs into an incubation pool for running water incubation, and obtaining an experimental result:

the cultivation experiment shows that the most suitable oxytocic for Chinese knot fish is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LRH-A2) + Domperidone (DOM), the optimal effect water temperature is 23-25 ℃, the effect time is 14-12 h, and the egg laying rate is more than 80%. The water temperature is 25-28 ℃, the incubation time is 75-68 h, and preferably, the incubation rate is more than 95%.

Claims (2)

1. An artificial propagation method of Chinese knot fishes is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) parent fish seed selection:

the parent is obtained by wild capture from the billows and domestication and selection;

(2) parent fish breeding:

1) building a culture pond: the pool bottom is flat, the sludge is less, the area is 0.2h, the square meter is 0.33h, and the water depth is 1.5m to 2 m;

2) male and female ratio and stocking amount: the male and female proportion is as follows: 1: 1; the stocking amount of parent fishes is 60kg/100 square meters or the stocking density is 25-30 per 100 square meters;

3) feeding and feeding: the parent fish bait is mainly a complete compound feed, and mainly comprises the following components: 30% of protein, 3.5% of fat, 11% of crude fiber, 15% of crude ash powder and 1.3% of lysine, and the auxiliary bait is screws and mussels;

(3) artificial propagation:

1) parent fish selection and matching: the female fish is more than 4+ old, the weight is more than 2 kg, and the abdomen is enlarged and soft; the male fish is more than 3+ years old, the weight is more than 2.5 kg, and semen flows out when the abdomen is lightly pressed; the male and female proportion is as follows: 1: 1; the artificial propagation period is 10-11 months per year;

2) injection of oxytocic: injecting LRH-A2+ DOM into female fish, wherein the injection amount is LRH-A22 mug + DOM 3mg, and the male fish is half of the female fish, and synchronously injecting at one time; the spawning induction temperature is 23-25 ℃;

3) artificial fertilization: when the spawned parent fish is going to spawn in the high-tide of estrus, spawn collection and semen collection are carried out, so that mature semen and spawn are fertilized in a container;

4) hatching: the incubation is carried out by adopting still water, the incubation water temperature is 25-28 ℃, and the incubation time is 75-68 h.

2. The artificial propagation method of Chinese knot fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parent fish breeding pond can be used for breeding the filter-feeding fish.