CN113271958A - 用于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝的含丝胶蛋白组成物以及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝的含丝胶蛋白组成物以及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113271958A CN113271958A CN201980087457.1A CN201980087457A CN113271958A CN 113271958 A CN113271958 A CN 113271958A CN 201980087457 A CN201980087457 A CN 201980087457A CN 113271958 A CN113271958 A CN 113271958A
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Abstract
一种用于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝的含丝胶蛋白组成物以及其制备方法,其中所述丝胶蛋白的分子量分布介于200道尔顿至400千道尔顿范围内,且所述方法包括:将所述丝胶蛋白与所述药学上或营养学上可接受的所述赋形剂混合。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病的含丝胶蛋白组成物以及其制备方法。
背景技术
韩国的肝病死亡率非常高(每100,000人群中有23.5例),且肝病是中年韩国人死亡的主要原因。具体而言,肝病是40至49岁成年人的第一死亡原因(每100,000人中有41.1人),50至59岁成年人的第二死亡原因(每100,000人中有72.4人),及30至39岁成年人的第三死亡死因(每100,000人中有10人)。
在肝病中,脂肪肝是一种其中正常细胞中不存在的甘油三酯在肝细胞中异常积聚的病理状况。正常肝脏是由约5%的脂肪组织构成,所述脂肪组织包括甘油三酯、脂肪酸、磷脂、胆固醇及胆固醇酯作为主要组成成分。一旦脂肪肝发生,则大部分组成成分被转化为甘油三酯。当肝脏中的甘油三酯的比例为5重量%或大于5重量%时,对脂肪肝作出诊断。当肝脏中的脂肪块随着脂肪肝的严重程度增加而越来越大时,肝细胞的主要组成成分(包括细胞核)会移位至一侧,因而导致肝细胞功能障碍。此外,由于其中的脂肪积聚而膨胀的肝细胞会压迫位于肝细胞之间的微血管及淋巴腺,因而导致血液及淋巴液循环不良。结果,无法向肝细胞适当地供应氧及营养,因而导致肝功能劣化。
非酒精性脂肪肝疾病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)不是由酒精引起的肝损伤,而是被定义为以肝脏的总重量计,5重量%或大于5重量%的脂肪酸在肝脏的间充质细胞内以甘油三酯的形式积聚的病症。病理上,NAFLD被归类为肝性脂肪变性伴有单纯性脂肪变性及炎症。然而,当长时间处于此种情况下时,NAFLD可发展成严重的肝病,例如肝炎、肝纤维化及肝硬化。在韩国,由于生活方式的改变,非酒精性脂肪肝疾病的发病率正在上升。
丝胶蛋白是一种硬蛋白,且与丝纤维蛋白一起构成蚕茧纤维。一般而言,丝胶蛋白已知具有保湿效果、抗氧化活性及紫外(ultraviolet,UV)保护功能,且主要用于化妆品中。
发明内容
技术问题
鉴于上述技术背景设想到本发明,且本发明的一个目的是提供一种组成物,所述组成物包含来源于蚕茧的丝蛋白的丝胶蛋白作为治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病的活性成分。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种制备上述组成物的方法。
技术解决方案
本发明的一个实施例是有关于一种用于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病之含丝胶蛋白组成物。
一般而言,丝胶蛋白通过脱胶自蚕丝中移除,其中蚕丝可具有独特的光泽及纹理。尽管丝胶蛋白占总丝蛋白的约25%,但脱胶后丝胶蛋白大多被丢弃。若含有丝胶蛋白的脱胶废液被释放至河流中,则河流最终会经历富营养化,进而造成环境污染。
因此,已研究了各种方法来回收及再循环利用原本会被丢弃的丝胶蛋白。检查丝胶蛋白的胺基酸组成,丝胺酸占总胺基酸含量的约30%,且亲水性胺基酸的含量高。特别地,由于丝胶蛋白的胺基酸组成类似于人体的天然保湿因子(natural moisturizingfactor,NMF)的胺基酸组成,因此丝胶蛋白被认为是一种对皮肤保湿非常有效的材料。此外,丝胶蛋白已知通过抑制脂质过氧化及酪胺酸酶活性、抑制皮肤癌等来有效地抗氧化、增白。
本发明的发明人发现了通常被视为废料的丝胶蛋白有效地治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病。
可用于本发明的丝胶蛋白可通过使用肥皂、酸或碱的水溶液仅自蚕丝中萃取丝胶蛋白组分来获得。例如,丝胶蛋白可仅使用水在高温下或在高压下自蚕茧萃取,或者可通过透析等自丝胶蛋白溶液中移除杂质来制备,其中丝胶蛋白溶液是通过用碳酸钠水溶液处理蚕茧,然后加热及过滤来获得。此处,自其移除杂质的丝胶蛋白溶液可在制备时使用,或者可被冷冻干燥成粉末形式。此处,碳酸钠水溶液的浓度可为0.001M至2M,具体而言为0.002M至1M,加热温度可介于70℃至130℃、具体而言80℃至120℃范围内,且加热时间可介于5分钟至3小时、具体而言30分钟至2小时范围内。
作为另一选择,丝胶蛋白可通过合成方法制备。此处,合成方法可为使用此项技术中常用的微生物合成或多肽合成。
丝胶蛋白的分子量分布可介于200道尔顿(Da)至400千道尔顿(kDa)范围内。具体而言,丝胶蛋白的分子量分布可具有两个主峰。此处,所述两个主峰可由位于1,000道尔顿与1,700道尔顿之间的第一主峰及位于10千道尔顿与30千道尔顿之间的第二主峰组成。更具体而言,在自分子量分布曲线确定时,丝胶蛋白的重量平均分子量可为约1,200道尔顿至约1,600道尔顿、具体而言约1,300道尔顿至约1,500道尔顿、更具体而言约1,427道尔顿,所述曲线包括出现在1,000道尔顿至1,700道尔顿之间的第一主峰。此外,在自分子量分布曲线确定时,丝胶蛋白的重量平均分子量可为约15千道尔顿至约20千道尔顿、具体而言约16千道尔顿至约19千道尔顿、更具体而言约18千道尔顿,所述曲线包括出现在10千道尔顿与30千道尔顿之间的第二主峰。
以组成物的总重量计,丝胶蛋白可以0.01重量%至90重量%、具体而言0.01重量%至70重量%的量存在。
本文所用的“脂肪肝疾病”是指肝细胞内的脂肪的异常积聚,具体而言肝脏的脂肪含量为3重量%或大于3重量%、具体而言为5重量%或大于5重量%的病理状况。脂肪肝疾病被分为因大量饮酒引起的酒精性脂肪肝疾病以及因肥胖、糖尿病、高脂血症、药物等引起的非酒精性脂肪肝疾病。根据本发明的组成物可特别有效地治疗或预防非酒精性脂肪肝或脂肪性肝炎。非酒精性脂肪肝疾病是由脂肪酸氧化的减少及甘油三酯生物合成的增加导致脂肪在肝脏内积聚引起的,所述甘油三酯生物合成的增加是起因于由于能量消耗的不平衡导致脂肪酸自脂肪组织向肝脏的迁移增加。若脂肪的积聚变得严重,则脂肪肝疾病会发展成脂肪性肝炎,且随着炎症反应的增加最终发展成肝纤维化及肝硬化。因此,需要防止脂肪在肝脏中积聚,以防止脂肪肝疾病(其是初始病理阶段)发展成肝硬化。根据本发明的组成物有效地治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病,特别是非酒精性脂肪肝或脂肪性肝炎。此外,由于丝胶蛋白是用作根据本发明的组成物的活性成分的唯一丝肽,因此所述组成物较包含其他丝酞或其他水解丝蛋白的组成物更有效地治疗或预防脂肪肝。
所述组成物可还包含有助于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病的另一活性成分。基于证明在糖尿病及肥胖症中观察到的脂肪肝疾病与胰岛素抗性之间的相关性的报告,已为治疗脂肪肝疾病开出了用于糖尿病的医药或用于高甘油三酯的医药,例如二甲双胍(metformin)。因此,在一个实施例中,其他活性成分可包括用于糖尿病的医药或用于高甘油三酯的医药。作为另一选择,其他活性成分可包括丝素肽。此处,丝素肽可包括通过脱胶蚕茧及自脱胶的蚕茧中移除丝胶蛋白,然后经由蛋白酶或酸水解降解而制备的肽混合物,其中所述肽混合物的重量平均分子量可为100至5,000,具体而言为300至2,000。
作为另一选择,其他活性成分可包括选自由以下组成的群组中的至少一种HTR2A拮抗剂:沙格雷酯(sarpogrelate)、阿达色林(adatanserin)、阿坦色林(altanserin)、AMDA、安哌齐持(amperozide)、阿塞那平(asenapine)、BL-1020、辛那色林(cinanserin)、氯氮平(clozapine)、德伦环烷(deramciclane)、法南色林(fananserin)、氟班色林(flibanserin)、格来色林(glemanserin)、艾夫色林(ifanserin)、凯坦色林(ketanserin)、利丹色林(lidanserin)、卢巴唑酮(lubazodone)、卢美哌酮(lumateperone)、美地沙明(medifoxamine)、美吡拉定(mepiprazole)、萘呋胺(naftidrofuryl)、氟利色林(volinanserin)、螺环哌啶酮(spiperone)、司托哌隆(setoperone)、利坦色林(ritanserin)、利培酮(risperidone)、奎硫平(quetiapine)、萝芙素(rauwolscine)、普凡色林(pruvanserin)、匹泮哌隆(pipamperone)、酚苄明(phenoxybenzamine)及奥氮平(olanzapine)。
作为另一选择,其他活性成分可包括乳酸菌发酵海带(kelp)萃取物、枳椇子罗汉果(Hovenia dulcis podocarp)萃取物、桔梗根(bellflower root)萃取物、水飞蓟(milkthistle)萃取物、发酵姜黄、高丽悬钩子果(Rubus coreanus fruit)萃取物、山竹子(garcinia bark)萃取物、共轭亚油酸、茶树叶(Camellia sinensis leaf)萃取物、壳聚糖、绿色伴侣(green mate)萃取物、绿咖啡豆萃取物、大豆胚芽萃取物、乳铁蛋白、螺旋藻、芦苇根茎(phragmites rhizome)萃取物或葎草(Humulus japonicus)萃取物。
以组成物的总重量计,其他活性成分可以0.01重量%至30重量%、具体而言0.01重量%至25重量%、更具体而言0.05重量%至20重量%的量存在。
所述组成物可还包含通常用于配方的药学上或营养学上(sitologically)可接受的赋形剂,例如填料、增量剂、粘合剂、润湿剂、调味剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、崩解剂、界面活性剂、载体或稀释剂。
赋形剂的实例可包括乳糖、右旋糖、蔗糖、山梨醇、甘露醇、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、麦芽糖醇、淀粉、金合欢橡胶、藻酸盐、明胶、硅酸钙、纤维素、甲基纤维素、微晶纤维素、水、滑石及硬脂酸镁。
所述组成物可通过多种途径施用,例如口服、腹膜内、直肠、静脉内、动脉内、肌内、透皮、皮下、子宫内、硬膜内或脑血管内。具体而言,所述组成物可口服施用。
所述组成物可用作食物或医药。此外,所述组成物可被配制成丸剂、片剂、胶囊、粉剂、悬浮剂、颗粒剂或液体。
组成物的剂量可根据待治疗的疾病的严重程度、每个患者的症状、施用途径及剂型而变化。一般而言,丝胶蛋白的每日剂量可介于0.001毫克/千克(mg/kg)至2,000毫克/千克、具体而言0.1毫克/千克至1,600毫克/千克、更具体而言0.5毫克/千克至1,000毫克/千克范围内。
本发明的另一实施例是有关于一种制备用于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病的组成物的方法,所述组成物包含丝胶蛋白及药学上或营养学上可接受的赋形剂。所述方法包括将药学上或营养学上可接受的赋形剂施加于丝胶蛋白。由于可用于此实施例中的每一成分的细节及含量与上述实施例相同,因此将省略其说明。
本发明的另一实施例是有关于一种治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病的方法,所述方法包括向需要治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病的受试者施用包含丝胶蛋白作为活性成分的组成物。
丝胶蛋白的每日剂量可介于0.001毫克/千克(mg/kg)至2,000毫克/千克、具体而言0.1毫克/千克至1,600毫克/千克、更具体而言0.5毫克/千克至1,000毫克/千克范围内。所述组成物可通过多种途径施用,例如口服、腹膜内、直肠、静脉内、动脉内、肌内、透皮、皮下、子宫内、硬膜内或脑血管内。具体而言,所述组成物可口服施用于受试者。由于可用于此实施例中的每一成分的细节及含量与上述实施例相同,因此将省略其说明。
有利效果
本发明提供一种具有降低脂肪肝疾病中的肝脏炎症水平、降低肝脏的脂肪含量及缓解肝脏中的炎症的作用的组成物。
此外,根据本发明的组成物有效地治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病。
附图说明
图1是示出在本发明的一个实施例中制备的丝胶蛋白的分子量分布的曲线图,其中两个主峰出现在分子量分布中。
图2是示出图1所示分子量分布的包括第二主峰的区域的图。
图3是示出图1所示分子量分布的包括第一主峰的区域的图。
图4示出示出在本发明的一个实验例中对照组与丝胶蛋白处理组之间的体重及饮食摄入量的差异的相应曲线图。
图5示出示出在本发明的一个实验例中,对照组与丝胶蛋白处理组之间的肝脏重量以及肝脏重量对体重的比率的差异的相应曲线图。
图6示出示出在本发明的一个实验例中,对照组与丝胶蛋白处理组在口服葡萄糖耐测量试后30分钟时血糖水平及曲线下面积(Area Under The Curve,AUC)的差异的相应曲线图。
图7示出示出在本发明的一个实验例中对照组及丝胶蛋白处理组的肝脏脂肪积聚及肝脏炎症浸润程度的影像。
图8示出在本发明的一个实验例中,对照组与丝胶蛋白处理组之间的谷丙转胺酶(Alanine transaminase,ALT)、谷草转胺酶(Aspartate transaminase,AST)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、白蛋白及胆固醇水平的差异的相应曲线图。
图9是示出在本发明的一个实验例中建立诱发非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)的动物实验模型(NASH-induced animalexperimental model)之后进行实验的计划的图。
具体实施方式
接下来,将参考实例更详细地阐述本发明。然而,应注意,提供该些实例仅用于说明,且不被视为以任何方式限制本发明。
1.实例1:制备含丝胶蛋白组成物
用于本发明中的丝胶蛋白是使用家蚕(Bombyx mori)的茧制备的。首先,将50千克(kg)茧及纯净水(是茧重量的50倍)放入反应器中,然后煮沸处理6小时。然后,用微过滤器过滤所得产物,随后在反应器中均质化30分钟。将纯化的蛋白酶水溶液(蛋白酶对底物的比率:1:100)引入反应器中,然后在55℃下水解24小时。然后,将所得反应溶液加热至95℃达30分钟以移除酶活性,随后在减低的压力下浓缩。在所得浓缩溶液中添加了糊精并溶解,使得以总固体重量计丝胶蛋白水解物以70%的量存在。然后,将所得溶液在95℃下灭菌30分钟,然后喷雾干燥。
2.实例2:测量分子量
通过凝胶渗透层析法(gel permeation chromatography)测量在实例1中制备的酶促丝胶蛋白水解物的分子量。具体而言,使用高效液相层析(high performance liquidchromatography,HPLC)仪器(型号1100,安捷伦科技公司(Agilent Technologies))对酶促丝胶蛋白水解物进行取样,且使用安捷伦开放实验室卷云GPC软件(Agilent OpenLABcirrus GPC software)计算出样品的分子量。分子量测量的结果显示出酶促丝胶蛋白水解物是分子量分布介于200道尔顿至400,000道尔顿范围内且具有两个主峰的混合物,其中混合物的分子量分布曲线的第一主峰及第二主峰处的重量平均分子量的值分别为1,427道尔顿及17,839道尔顿(参见图1至图3)。
3.实验例
(1)建立诱发脂肪肝的动物的实验模型
购买并使用八周龄C57BL/6小鼠(mouse)。在室温(22±2℃)及50%至70%相对湿度(relative humidity,RH)下,使小鼠自由摄入高脂肪饮食(high-fat diet,HFD)以及足量的一般饮食及水达10周,以在小鼠中诱发脂肪肝。此处,可影响实验结果的成分被自饮食中移除。然后,将诱发非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的动物实验模型随机分为两组。一组(对照组,NASH)口服盐水11周,而另一组以1,600毫克/千克的剂量口服在实例1中制备的含丝胶蛋白组成物11周。
(2)体重及饮食摄入量
在每周开始时,测量对照组及丝胶蛋白处理组的每只小鼠的体重及饮食摄入量。结果如图4所示。在整个实验周期期间,对照组与丝胶蛋白处理组之间的体重或饮食摄入量没有显著差异。
(3)肝脏重量
在对照组及丝胶蛋白处理组的每只小鼠上完成上述实验后,将通过以1:1:2的比率在盐水中稀释50毫克/千克舒泰(zoletil)及50毫克/千克隆朋(Rompun)而获得的麻醉溶液腹膜内注射至每只小鼠中以诱发麻醉,然后萃取肝脏组织,然后一起执行肝脏的重量及肝脏重量对体重的比率的测量以及肝细胞的染色分析。结果示于图5中。丝胶蛋白处理组中肝脏的重量及肝脏重量对体重的比率显著低于对照组中肝脏的重量及肝脏重量对体重的比率。
(4)胰岛素抗性
在对照组及丝胶蛋白处理组的每只小鼠上完成上述实验之后且在萃取肝脏组织之前,进行胰岛素抗性测试。结果示于图6中。在口服葡萄糖耐测量试中,丝胶蛋白处理组的血糖水平低于对照组,且特别是相较于对照组而言,丝胶蛋白处理组显示出在30分钟时血糖水平显著降低。
此外,丝胶蛋白处理组的AUC水平低于对照组。因此,可看出用丝胶蛋白处理可增加胰岛素抗性,因而会降低血糖水平。
(5)肝脏组织的组织学分析
在对照组及丝胶蛋白处理组的每只小鼠上完成上述实验后,在异氟烷吸入麻醉下执行肝脏组织的萃取,然后进行苏木精及曙红(hematoxylin&eosin,H&E)染色。具体而言,首先用哈里斯苏木精(Harris hematoxylin)染色溶液将肝细胞核染色30秒,然后用曙红溶液进行细胞质染色。结果示于图7中。
自图7所示的结果可看出,相较于对照组而言,丝胶蛋白处理组显示出肝脂肪积聚及肝脏炎症浸润减少。
(6)生化分析
在对照组及丝胶蛋白处理组的每只小鼠上完成上述实验之后且在萃取肝脏组织之前,测量血液中的ALT、AST、甘油三酯(TG)、白蛋白及胆固醇的水平。结果示于图8中。
结果显示出,丝胶蛋白处理组中的ALT、AST及甘油三酯(TG)水平显著低于对照组,且丝胶蛋白处理组与对照组之间的白蛋白及胆固醇水平无差异。
Claims (14)
1.一种用于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝疾病的组成物,其中所述组成物包含丝胶蛋白作为活性成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组成物,其中所述脂肪肝疾病为酒精性脂肪肝或非酒精性脂肪肝。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组成物,其中所述丝胶蛋白的分子量分布介于200道尔顿至400千道尔顿范围内。
4.根据权利要求3所述的组成物,其中所述丝胶蛋白的分子量分布具有位于200道尔顿至400千道尔顿之间的两个主峰。
5.根据权利要求4所述的组成物,其中所述丝胶蛋白的分子量分布具有位于1,000道尔顿与1,700道尔顿之间的第一主峰及位于10千道尔顿至30千道尔顿之间的第二主峰。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组成物,其中以所述组成物的总重量计,所述丝胶蛋白以0.01重量%至90重量%的量存在。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的组成物,其中所述组成物是药物组成物或食品组成物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的组成物,还包含:
药学上可接受的赋形剂或营养学上可接受的赋形剂。
9.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的组成物,其中所述组成物更具有降低血糖水平的功能。
10.一种制备用于治疗、预防或缓解脂肪肝的组成物的方法,所述组成物包含丝胶蛋白及药学上或营养学上可接受的赋形剂,所述方法包括:
将所述丝胶蛋白与所述药学上或营养学上可接受的所述赋形剂混合。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述赋形剂包括选自由填料、增量剂、粘合剂、润湿剂、调味剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、崩解剂、界面活性剂、载体或稀释剂组成的群组中的至少一种。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述脂肪肝为酒精性脂肪肝或非酒精性脂肪肝。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述丝胶蛋白的分子量分布具有位于200道尔顿与400千道尔顿之间的两个主峰。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述丝胶蛋白的分子量分布具有位于1,000道尔顿与1,700道尔顿之间的第一主峰及位于10千道尔顿与30千道尔顿之间的第二主峰。
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CN107412243A (zh) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-01 | 大连理工大学 | 一种预防或治疗脂肪肝的药物及其应用 |
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