CN113234812B - 一种用于诊断阿尔茨海默病的诊断试剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于诊断阿尔茨海默病的诊断试剂,属于生物医学技术领域。该诊断试剂包括检测LINC01365表达量的PCR引物,通过检测外周血单个核细胞中LINC01365的相对表达量可以辅助诊断阿尔茨海默病,且ROC曲线显示,LINC01365具有优异的诊断价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医学技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于诊断阿尔茨海默病的诊断试剂。
背景技术
阿尔茨海默病是最常见的一种神经系统退行性疾病,随着我国老年人口数量的不断增加,阿尔茨海默病的患病人数也相应的不断增加。阿尔茨海默病患者的最初表现为近记忆力下降,随着患者疾病程度的不断加深,患者会出现远期记忆损害及语言、执行、逻辑推理等多认知领域的损伤,最终给患者家庭和社会产生沉重的负担。
目前,对于阿尔茨海默病的诊断主要是依据患者的临床表现、神经心理量表评估和颅脑影像学检查,这些诊断方式可以诊断具有典型症状的中晚期患者,但是对于症状较轻或者是症状表现不典型的患者则较难实现准确诊断。因此,选择可以有效诊断阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物对于实现阿尔茨海默病患者的早诊断具有重要的意义。
在阿尔茨海默病中,神经干细胞的增殖和自我更新能力出现下降,导致患者的认知功能出现下降,因此,有效的提高神经干细胞的增殖和自我更新能力将有助于阿尔茨海默病患者的治疗。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于诊断阿尔茨海默病的诊断试剂。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术路线和方案:
本发明首先提供了检测长链非编码RNA表达的试剂在制备阿尔茨海默病辅助诊断产品中的应用,其特征在于,所述长链非编码RNA为 LINC01365。
优选地,所述LINC01365的转录本序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示。
优选地,所述试剂包括利用TaqMan探针、SYBR Green、分子信标或双杂交探针检测所述LINC01365时使用的PCR扩增引物。
优选地,所述PCR扩增引物的Forward primer序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,所述PCR扩增引物的Reverse primer序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
优选地,所述产品包括试剂盒,试纸,或芯片。
其次,本发明提供了扩增LINC01365的引物在制备阿尔茨海默病辅助诊断试剂盒中的应用,所述PCR扩增引物的Forward primer序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,所述PCR扩增引物的Reverse primer序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
其次,本发明提供了一种用于辅助诊断阿尔茨海默病的长链非编码RNA,所述长链非编码RNA为LINC01365,所述LINC01365的转录本序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示,所述LINC01365在阿尔茨海默病患者外周血单个核细胞中高表达。
最后,本发明提供了一种用于评估待测个体阿尔茨海默病患病风险的诊断装置,其特征在于,所述诊断装置包括检测单元和分析单元;
所述检测单元利用LINC01365的PCR扩增引物检测待测个体外周血单个核细胞中LINC01365的相对表达量;
所述分析单元分析检测单元的检测结果,评估待测个体患有阿尔茨海默病的风险。
优选地,所述LINC01365的转录本序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示。
优选地,所述PCR扩增引物的Forward primer序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,所述PCR扩增引物的Reverse primer序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明通过对比阿尔茨海默病患者和正常人外周血单个核细胞中LINC01365的相对表达量,发现LINC01365在阿尔茨海默病患者外周血单个核细胞中高表达,而且通过绘制的ROC曲线可知,检测LINC01365的相对表达量具有优异的诊断价值。
附图说明
图1 阿尔兹海默症和正常人外周血单个核细胞中LINC01365的表达差异;
图2 阿尔茨海默病患者单个核细胞中LINC01365相对表达量的ROC曲线;
图3 siRNA的沉默效果检测;
图4 沉默LINC01365对于人神经干细胞增殖的影响;
图5 沉默LINC01365对于人神经干细胞周期蛋白的影响;
图6 沉默LINC01365对于神经元标志物Tuj1的mRNA表达的影响;
图7 沉默LINC01365对于神经元标志物Tuj1的蛋白质表达的影响。
具体实施方式
为能清楚说明本方案的技术特点,下面通过具体实施方式,对本方案进行阐述。
实施例1 获取外周血单个核细胞
(1)收集45例阿尔茨海默病(AD组)和45例正常人(NC组)的外周血;
(2)取一只15ml离心管,加入5ml人外周血淋巴细胞分离液,之后使用移液枪小心的吸取5ml外周血沿着离心管的管壁缓慢的加入;
(3)置于离心机中800g离心25min,离心结束后,液体自上而下分为4层,分别是:血浆层、PBMCs层、透明分离层、红细胞层;
(4)小心的吸取PBMCs层至15ml无酶离心管中,加入10ml PBS缓冲液洗涤PBMCs层,置于离心机中250g离心10min;
(5)弃去上清,加入5ml PBS缓冲液重悬细胞,置于离心机中,250g离心10min;
(6)弃去上清,加入5ml PBS缓冲液重悬细胞,置于离心机中,250g离心10min,弃去上清得到即得到外周血单个核细胞。
实施例2 外周血单个核细胞RNA提取
(1)在实施例1得到的外周血单个核细胞中加入1ml Trizol裂解缓冲液,使用移液器进行反复的吹打,使细胞可以充分的裂解;
(2)将裂解后的细胞转移到无RNA酶的1.5mlEP管中,室温下静置5min;
(3)向管中添加200ul氯仿,剧烈的震荡15s后,室温下静置2min;
(4)将EP管置于预冷的4℃高速离心机中,离心12000rpm 15min,取出后,样品分为三层,小心的吸取上层的水相至新的EP管中,吸取时需注意不能吸入中间层;
(5)加入等体积的预冷的异丙醇,充分的颠倒混匀后,室温下放置10min;
(6)将EP管置于预冷的4℃高速离心机中,离心12000rpm 10min,弃去上清,保留白色沉淀;
(7)加入1ml 75%乙醇,颠倒混匀后,置于4℃预冷的高速离心机中,离心7500rpm5min,小心的去除上清,置于通风橱中放置2min,加入20ulRNase-Free水溶解沉淀,即得到RNA。
实施例3 总RNA的反转录反应
(1)去除基因组DNA反应,试剂体系如下表:
表1 去除基因组DNA的反应体系
试剂 | 使用剂量 |
5×gDNA Eraser Buffer | 2.0μl |
gDNA Eraser | 1.0μl |
Total RNA | 1.0μg |
RNase Free dH2O | Up to 10μl |
设置反应条件:轻轻吹打混匀后离心15s,放入PCR仪中42℃反应2min,4℃ ∞;
(2)反转录反应,试剂体系如下表:
表2 反转录反应体系
试剂 | 使用量 |
步骤(1)的反应液 | 10μl |
PrimeScript RT Enzyme Mix 1 | 1.0μl |
RT Primer Mix*4 | 1.0μl |
5×PrimeScript Buffer 2 (for Real Time) | 4.0μl |
RNase Free dH2O | 4.0μl |
Total | 20μl |
设置反应条件:轻轻吹打混匀后离心15s,放入PCR仪中37℃ 15min,85℃ 5s,4℃∞。
实施例4 实时定量PCR反应
(1)引物设计,设计的引物序列如下表所示:
表3 引物序列设计
基因名称 | Primer | Sequence |
LINC01365 | Forward primer | CCCGGAAAGAGAGTCAGCAA,SEQ ID NO.1 |
Reverse primer | AGGGAGGCACTGTTCAAAGG,SEQ ID NO.2 | |
GAPDH | Forward primer | GTCAAGGCTGAGAACGGGAA,SEQ ID NO.3 |
Reverse primer | GCCTTCTCCATGGTGGTGAA,SEQ ID NO.4 |
(2)PCR反应体系如下:
94℃ 反应5min;94℃反应15s,60℃反应30s,72℃反应30s,循环40次;95℃ 15s,60℃ 1min,使用 2-△△CT法计算相对表达量。
由图1可以看出,与NC组相比,AD组中LINC01365的表达水平(2.475±0.852)显著提高(P<0.05),差异具有统计学意义。
由图2可以看出,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.920(置信区间(CI)为
0.864-0.977, P<0.001),敏感度为0.756,特异度为0.956,说明LINC01365在外周血单个核细胞中的相对表达量对AD诊断准确性较高,具有较高的临床应用价值。
实施例5 LINC01365 siRNA沉默效果检测
(1)根据LINC01365的转录本序列(SEQ ID NO.5)设计2条siRNA,分别为siLINC01365-1和siLINC01365-2,具体序列如表4所示;
(2)使用1:200比例稀释的基质胶包被6孔板,37℃包被过夜;
(3)去除基质胶,使用PBS轻轻的清洗板孔2次;
(4)收集对数生长期的人神经干细胞球(hNSC-H9),制成单细胞悬液,接种于6孔板中,待细胞密度达到70%时对细胞进行转染;
(5)根据Lipofectamine3000的说明书转染siNC,siLINC01365-1,siLINC01365-2,转染48h后,提取RNA,检测LINC01365的相对表达量,从而判断siRNA的沉默效果。
实验结果如图3所示,可以看出,两个siRNA均能够有效的抑制LINC01365,其中siLINC01365-1的抑制率为65.7%,siLINC01365-2的抑制率为78.9%,差异均具有统计学意义。由于siLINC01365-2具有更优异的沉默效果,因此选择其继续进行后续的实验。
实施例6
利用CCK-8检测人神经干细胞的增殖
(1)将基质胶放于4℃冰箱中融化,按照1:200比例稀释,加入96孔板中,每孔100ul,37℃放置过夜;
(2)收集对数生长期的人神经干细胞球,制成单细胞悬液,将100ul 5000个细胞接种于96孔板中;
(3)过夜培养后,转染siNC和siLINC01365-2,分别在转染的0,24,48,72h时使用CKK-8进行检测。
实验结果如图4所示,横坐标为时间,纵坐标为吸光度值,可以看出,沉默LINC01365能够有效增强人神经干细胞的增殖能力。其中,24h时,siNC吸光值为0.306±0.009,siLINC01365-2吸光值为0.398 ±0.022;48h时,siNC吸光值为0.481±0.051,siLINC01365-2吸光值为0.676±0.045;96时,siNC吸光值为0.786±0.058,siLINC01365-2吸光值为1.336±0.046。
实施例7
Western Blot检测细胞周期蛋白表达情况
(1)使用1:200比例稀释的基质胶包被6孔板,37℃包被过夜;
(2)去除基质胶,使用PBS轻轻的清洗板块2次;
(3)收集对数生长期的人神经干细胞球,制成单细胞悬液,接种于6孔板中,待细胞密度达到70%时对细胞进行转染;
(4)根据Lipofectamine3000的说明书转染siNC, siLINC01365-2,转染48h后,去除培养基,使用PBS清洗2次;
(5)每孔加入100ul蛋白裂解液,充分裂解之后,使用细胞刮刀将细胞刮下,收集至离心管中,4℃冰上放置30min,每10min震荡一次;
(6)设置离心机为4℃,12000rpm,20min进行离心,离心后吸取上清,使用Bradford法测定蛋白浓度,加入5×SDS上样缓冲液后,100℃煮5min;
(7)配置SDS-PAGE胶,配置好后,进行上样和电泳;
(8)电泳结束之后,按照经典的‘三明治’模型按照电转夹,并进行电转;
(9)电转结束之后,将膜取出,置于5%的脱脂奶粉中,室温封闭1h;
(10)按照抗体说明书稀释Cyclin-D1,CDK1和GAPDH,4℃孵育过夜,孵育结束之后,使用PBST洗膜3次;
(11)孵育相应的二抗,室温摇床孵育1h后,使用TBST洗膜3次,进行显影曝光。
实验结果如图5所示,可以看出,沉默LINC01365能够有效的促进Cyclin-D1蛋白和CDK1蛋白的表达,该结果说明沉默LINC01365可以通过促进细胞周期蛋白Cyclin-D1和CDK1来促进人神经干细胞的增殖。
实施例8
Western Blot和荧光定量PCR检测Tuj1蛋白表达和mRNA表达
(1)使用1:200比例稀释的基质胶包被6孔板,37℃包被过夜;
(2)收集对数生长期的人神经干细胞球,制成单细胞悬液,接种于6孔板中,待细胞密度达到70%时对细胞进行转染;
(3)根据Lipofectamine3000的说明书转染siNC, siLINC01365-2,次日吸取培养基,使用预热的Neural basal培养基轻轻的清洗6孔板,加入2ml分化培养基,培养72后,提取RNA和蛋白质;
(4)Tuj1(TUBB3)的引物序列如下:
(5)其余RNA提取和检测,Western Blot具体步骤参考上述实施例。
实验结果如图6和图7所示,从图6的定量PCR结果可以看出,沉默LINC01365后,可以显著的促进神经元标志物Tunj1的mRNA表达量(相对表达量为3.210±0.309);
同时,从图7的Western Blot结果可以看出,沉默LINC01365后,可以显著的促进神经元标志物Tunj1的蛋白表达。因此,可知,沉默LINC01365能够有效的促进人神经干细胞的分化。
综合实施例1-8,可知,通过检测外周血单个核细胞中的LINC01365的表达量有效的辅助诊断是否患者患有阿尔茨海默病。其次,沉默LINC01365能够有效的促进人神经干细胞增殖和促进人神经干细胞向神经元细胞分化,从而可将LINC01365的沉默制剂用于制备阿尔茨海默病的治疗药物。
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Claims (4)
1.检测长链非编码RNA表达的试剂在制备阿尔茨海默病辅助诊断产品中的应用,其特征在于,所述长链非编码RNA为LINC01365,所述LINC01365的转录本序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述试剂包括利用TaqMan探针、SYBRGreen、分子信标或双杂交探针检测所述LINC01365时使用的PCR扩增引物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述PCR扩增引物的Forward primer序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,所述PCR扩增引物的Reverse primer序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
4.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品包括试剂盒,试纸,或芯片。
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