CN113233940A - Zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113233940A CN113233940A CN202110556091.7A CN202110556091A CN113233940A CN 113233940 A CN113233940 A CN 113233940A CN 202110556091 A CN202110556091 A CN 202110556091A CN 113233940 A CN113233940 A CN 113233940A
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000007270 Gaultheria hispida Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009134 Myrica cerifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000269152 Myrica pensylvanica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012851 Myrica pensylvanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001052560 Thallis Species 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QEZIKGQWAWNWIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+) antimony(5+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Sb+3].[Sb+5] QEZIKGQWAWNWIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- INQZXVMNJLSCGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M azanium;potassium;hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O INQZXVMNJLSCGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a zeolite type biological organic fertilizer which comprises 65-85% of powdery biological organic fertilizer and 15-35% of zeolite particles by mass percentage, wherein the raw materials for preparing the powdery biological organic fertilizer are selected from organic domestic waste residues such as straws, sawdust, bagasse, waste sugarcane juice, alcohol waste liquid and the like, organic domestic waste liquid, composite bacteria, functional bacteria and a fermentation regulator.
Description
The application is a divisional application with the application date of 2016, 01, 19 and the application number of 201610033127.2, and the name of the invention is 'a zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof'.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a zeolite type biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A large amount of chemical fertilizers are used in agricultural production in China, and the single or compound fertilizers such as urea, potassium fertilizers, nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizers, sulfur-based compound fertilizers and the like are widely used in agricultural production in China, but the phenomenon of soil permeability reduction, hardening and solidification caused by long-term single use of the chemical fertilizers also needs to be frequently changed to fertilize plants to ensure the yield and quality of the plants.
In the prior art, the utilization rate of nutrients of inorganic fertilizer is only 25-35%, wherein the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is 30-35%, the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is only 10-25%, the loss rate is very serious, resources are wasted, and soil pollution is caused.
With the development of technology, organic fertilizers and corresponding preparation methods appear in the field of fertilizers, one of the representatives is the currently still effective Chinese patent CN200410040915.1, which discloses the component matching and preparation method of a zeolite biological organic compound fertilizer. The method adds modified zeolite, improves the content of phosphorus element and potassium element in the fertilizer, and provides multiple nutritional ingredients for plants. However, the preparation method utilizes coal for roasting, adopts non-renewable weathered coal, utilizes organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer to mix to increase fertilizer efficiency, has complex production process, high production energy consumption and resource waste, causes high production cost, pollutes environment, cannot fundamentally change the structure of soil, and cannot provide all-dimensional nutrient elements for plants to prevent insects and avoid harm.
The technical development is further advanced, Chinese invalidation patent CN201110217157.6 discloses a group of zeolite biological fertilizers capable of degrading salt and alkali, so that the preparation raw materials are expanded to poultry manure, but the method has been disclosed for a long time in colleges and universities, and the preparation method cannot get rid of adding inorganic fertilizer to improve the fertilizer efficiency. In the prior art, zeolite has been used as the fertilizer effect of controlled-release nitrogen potassium phosphate fertilizer and has been reported as the raw material of mixed fertilizer, but the preparation process has no pollution and the preparation method without adding inorganic fertilizer is not disclosed in the literature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the preparation method of the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer, the preparation method is environment-friendly and pollution-free, the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method effectively promotes the growth of plants, and can adjust the soil structure and improve the ecological environment.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a zeolite type environment-friendly bio-organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that prepared raw materials are selected from organic domestic waste residues such as straws, sawdust, bagasse, waste sugarcane liquid, alcohol waste liquid and the like, the raw materials are prepared according to a proper proportion, and the raw materials are treated by organic raw materials, added by composite bacteria, fermented by the organic raw materials, added by functional bacteria, mixed by semi-finished products, detected and warehoused.
A preparation method of a zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer is characterized in that the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: 65-85% of powdery biological organic fertilizer prepared from organic domestic waste liquid and organic domestic waste residue serving as raw materials and 15-35% of zeolite particles by mass;
the preparation method of the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) treatment of organic raw materials: the particle size of the organic domestic waste residue and the organic domestic waste liquid is 2-60 mm, deionized water is added until the material moisture is controlled at 50-60%, and the C/N ratio is adjusted to 25-30: 1, standing for 5-6 hours under the condition that the pH value is 5-6;
(2) adding compound bacteria: according to the organic raw materials: the fermentation regulator is 1000: 1-2, dissolving a fermentation regulator into diluent by using clear water, and adding the following organic raw materials in the diluent by mass ratio: 100 parts of composite bacteria: 1 adding the compound bacteria, stirring uniformly, uniformly spraying the diluent on the organic raw materials, and fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
(3) fermentation of organic raw materials: the materials are stacked and fermented in a trapezoidal shape, the stack height is 150cm, and the width of the bottom of the stack is 200 cm-300 cm; after the materials are piled, covering with a breathable cover, turning the piles for 24 hours or turning the piles when the temperature of the materials exceeds 60 ℃, continuously turning the piles for 3-5 times, and deeply aging the piles for 20-30 days; through adequate proper turning and throwing, aerobic fermentation is maintained, so that crude protein in organic matters is fully converted into amino acid, sugar such as cellulose and the like is converted into humic acid, harmful gases such as nitrite, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane and the like are avoided, all effective components in the organic matters are fully converted into organic nutrient components which are easily absorbed and utilized by crops, and the aerobic fermentation is continued in a dark ventilation mode;
(4) adding functional bacteria: adding functional bacteria powder into the material obtained in the step (3), wherein the adding amount is 0.33-0.45% of the mass of the material obtained in the step (3), and culturing the number of the functional bacteria at 27 ℃ to achieve that the number of the functional bacteria is 5 hundred million/g; gradually raising the temperature to 40 ℃, reducing the moisture of the material, and reducing the moisture content to 35-40%; crushing and sieving the crushed materials with a sieve of 80 to 100 meshes to obtain powdery biological organic fertilizer; a certain amount of moisture can enable zeolite to be saturated in adsorption, so that the fertilizer is prevented from adsorbing more water in general air, and a relatively good living environment with good functional bacteria is provided;
(5) mixing semi-finished products: crushing the raw material zeolite, and sieving the crushed raw material zeolite with a sieve of 80-100 meshes to obtain zeolite particles; biological organic fertilizer particles: the mass of the zeolite particles is 65-85: 15-35, adding the zeolite particles into the powdery biological organic fertilizer, and stirring for 20-25 times;
(6) and (4) detecting the microbial quantity and the nutrient content of the material obtained in the step (5), measuring and packaging the material to be stored in a warehouse if the material meets the technical standard, returning to the step (3) if the material does not meet the technical standard, and performing deep curing and subsequent steps again.
In the life organic waste residue, corncobs and cake dregs can be added according to half of the proportion of the formula used by the wood chips and the straws.
The composite bacteria comprise photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes and rhizopus, and the proportion is 1: 5: 2: 1, the strain powder is used during addition, and the strain is a commercial strain which can be purchased in the market and also can be purchased with EM microbial inoculum.
The functional bacteria are microorganisms having a certain effect on the growth of crops, and comprise azotobacter, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, silicate bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas, bacillus and actinomycetes, and a plurality of formulas are developed according to different production requirements, wherein the functional bacteria can be composed of azotobacter, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, silicate bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in a proportion of 15-25%: 10-15%: 15-20%: 40-60%; the functional bacteria can also consist of bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas, bacillus and actinomycetes, and the proportion is 35-40%: 15-20%: 15-20%: 30-35%. The functional bacteria are purchased from agricultural bacteria preservation center, spores and thalli of the functional bacteria are obtained by fermentation, and are matched according to a formula, and the functional bacteria can be bacteria powder when added.
The fermentation regulator is molasses fermentation liquor.
The materials are fermented in a trapezoidal stacking manner, because the organic matter fermentation mainly adopts aerobic fermentation and needs certain ventilation, the ventilation is facilitated during the trapezoidal stacking, more carbon dioxide and ammonia gas generated by anaerobic fermentation are prevented, the nutrition of C and N is lost, the pile height is 150cm when the particle size of the material particles is 2-60 mm, the width of the bottom of the pile is preferably 200-300 cm, if the particle size of the main particles of the material is less than 5mm, the pile is preferably in a strip mountain shape, the pile height is not more than 80cm, and the width of the bottom is preferably 120-150 cm.
When the temperature of the materials exceeds 60 ℃, the piles need to be turned, otherwise, the fermentation bacteria are reduced and the nutrition is lost due to too high temperature.
In the process of organic matter fermentation, if fermentation nutrition is lack, a certain amount of fermentation nutrient can be properly added, generally, the fermentation nutrient FN502 can be selected, and the fermentation nutrient is rich in multiple organic nitrogen, vitamin and mineral nutrition, has no pathogenic and allergic residues, and is a natural, safe and efficient organic fermentation auxiliary agent.
The raw material zeolite in the step (5) can be modified by adding 5% HCl and 5% NaCl solution and repeatedly leaching, a baking method is commonly used in the modern process, but in multiple experiments, the modification effect of repeatedly leaching by using 5% HCl and 5% NaCl solution and low cost can be balanced at the same time.
In the technical scheme, the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer mainly utilizes the combination of zeolite characteristics and microbial action. The zeolite particles adopt the special physical and chemical properties of ion exchange property, adsorption selectivity, sieving property and the like of zeolite, and adsorption holes in the zeolite, so that a living place is provided for beneficial active bacteria in the bio-organic fertilizer, and nutrient components of amino acids, potassium ions, iron ions and the like which are easily absorbed by plants are prevented from being damaged by the external environment.
The zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer is used for promoting the growth of plants, resisting diseases and preventing insects, and beneficial active bacteria are needed to form a beneficial microbial population advantage in soil, inhibit the propagation of harmful microorganisms and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests. Meanwhile, under the action of decomposing organic matters by microorganisms, humus is formed and nutrient elements are released for crops to be utilized, and the structure and the tilth of soil are improved.
The common feature of the 36 kinds of zeolite is a framework structure, in the crystal of the zeolite, molecules are connected together like a scaffold, a plurality of cavities are formed in the middle, the specific gravity is 2.0-2.2, the cavity after dehydration can be as large as 47%, and in the zeolite structure, metal cations are positioned in the larger and interconnected pore passages or cavities of the crystal structure. Thus, the cations are free to exchange through the channels without affecting the crystal framework, like 2 (Na)+,K+)(Ca2+) Such exchange is likely to occur in zeolites.
Biochemical humic acid: the biochemical humic acid is an organic fertilizer and one of important components of a zeolite type biological organic fertilizer, is a mixture, contains various amino acids and beneficial microorganism populations, has low condensation degree and carbon content, and is quickly absorbed by crops due to good water solubility. The important component in the biochemical humic acid is fulvic acid, and the activity of the fulvic acid is most obvious, while the zeolite particles can ensure that the biochemical humic acid has a relatively fixed particle form in production, can stabilize chemical components in the production and transportation processes, and prevent the biochemical humic acid in the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer from being damaged by the external environment to a certain extent.
The inhibition of plant soil-borne diseases is the colony effect of soil microorganisms to a certain extent, and when the soil microbial community structure is richer, the species are more uniform and the diversity is higher, the comprehensive capability of resisting pathogenic bacteria is enhanced. The yield increasing effect is good, and the application amount of the fertilizer can be greatly reduced, so that the loss of nutrients and the environmental and water body pollution caused by the loss are reduced.
The zeolite type biological organic fertilizer prepared by the technical scheme has the advantages that most of nitrogen elements exist in the form of amino acid, are not easy to be influenced by the environment and converted into ammonia gas to be lost, are easy to be absorbed and utilized by crops, and have the utilization rate more than 2 times that of a chemical nitrogen fertilizer; most of the contained potassium exists in the form of biochemical potassium fulvate, and is very easy to be absorbed and utilized by crops, and the utilization rate is more than 2.5 times of that of chemical mineral potassium salt; the fertilizer contains rich active organic matters, can be directly absorbed by crops, and has stronger improvement effect on soil; contains a large amount of rich functional bacteria, can adjust the soil structure, dissolve phosphorus, dissolve potassium, fix nitrogen, inhibit the growth of germs and adjust the growth of crops; a large amount of biochemical fulvic acid has the functions of preserving heat and absorbing moisture, regulating crop pores, enhancing the drought and high temperature resistance of crops and strengthening the photosynthesis of crops.
After the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer is researched and developed, very good effects are obtained in demonstration results of more than ten counties such as Guangdong Shaoguan, Huizhou, Guizhou Zunyi and Hangzhou Xinju in China, and the demonstration results are mainly expressed as follows:
(1) the zeolite type environment-friendly bio-organic fertilizer contains nitrogen and potassium elements which are easy to be absorbed by crops, contains comprehensive other nutrient substances, can improve the insect-resistant and disease-resistant capabilities of the crops, and effectively promotes the growth of the crops;
(2) in the process of preparing the zeolite type environment-friendly biological organic fertilizer, other inorganic fertilizers are not added, so that the large amount of zeolite in the prior art is reduced, and the cost is lower;
(3) the process for preparing the zeolite type environment-friendly biological organic fertilizer does not need to use coal for roasting, does not produce dust and antimony dioxide to pollute the atmosphere, and is environment-friendly.
(4) The fertilizer efficiency is greatly higher than other fertilizers with equal nutrient content: data statistics of trial use in various crops shows that the fertilizer efficiency is 1.6-1.8 times or even more than two times of that of other fertilizers with the same nutrients. The yield of the crops can be greatly improved by increasing the rice by 15 percent (Shaoguan city, Rodin city and Yinde city), increasing the corn by 15 percent (Guangzhou city), increasing the potato by 60 percent (Guizhou Zunyi), increasing the waxberry by 10 to 12 percent (Zhejiang Xianju), and the like.
(5) Due to the multi-aspect effects of organic matters, humic acid, amino acid, soil enzymes, beneficial active bacteria and the like, the soil can be improved and repaired, the soil structure can be adjusted, the ecological system between the soil and plants can be rebuilt, the hardening problem can be solved after two seasons by the crop soil in the area using the zeolite type biological organic fertilizer, the soil polluted by heavy metal can be prevented from absorbing the heavy metal by agricultural products, and the safe production index can be reached. As shown in figure 4, compared with general compound fertilizers and organic fertilizers, the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer can effectively prevent agricultural products from absorbing heavy metal content.
(6) The zeolite type biological fertilizer is suitable for any crops and all soils, has low price, high output-input ratio and strong market competitiveness, and is easy to popularize in the market. The fertilizer efficiency of the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer is compared with that of other fertilizers as shown in figure 2. A comparison graph of fertilizer efficiency, yield and cost of the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer and other fertilizers (taking corn as an example) shows that the cost of the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer is not much different from that of the fertilizers, but the output quality and yield are superior to those of the fertilizers.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a flow chart of a preparation process;
FIG. 2: a fertilizer efficiency comparison graph of the zeolite type biological organic fertilizer and other fertilizers (taking corn as an example);
FIG. 3: a fertilizer efficiency yield and cost comparison graph of the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer and other fertilizers (taking corn as an example);
FIG. 4: the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer is used for reducing the heavy metal pollution contrast diagram of soil (taking rice as an example).
Detailed Description
The detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Moreover, reference to multiple embodiments having specified features is not intended to exclude other embodiments having additional features or embodiments incorporating different combinations of the specified features. Specific examples are provided to illustrate how to prepare zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizers.
Example 1:
the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer is prepared according to the following steps.
Step 1: treatment of organic raw materials: crushing 10kg of straws, 5kg of sawdust and 70kg of bagasse by a coarse crusher, mixing the crushed materials with 10kg of alcohol waste liquid and 50kg of waste sugarcane liquid for 10-15 times, controlling the particle size to be 45mm, adding deionized water until the material moisture is controlled to be 50%, and adjusting the C/N ratio to be 30: 1, keeping the pH value at 5, and standing for 5 hours;
step 2: adding compound bacteria: according to the organic raw materials: the fermentation regulator is 1000:1, dissolving the fermentation regulator into diluent by using clear water, and adding the following organic raw materials in the diluent by mass ratio: 100 parts of composite bacteria: 1 adding the compound bacteria, stirring uniformly, uniformly spraying the diluent on the organic raw materials, and fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
and step 3: fermentation of organic raw materials: the materials are stacked and fermented in a trapezoidal shape, the stack height is 150cm, and the width of the bottom of the stack is 200 cm; after the materials are piled, covering a ventilating cover, turning the piles every 24 hours or turning the piles when the temperature of the materials exceeds 60 ℃, continuously turning the piles for 4 times, and deeply aging the piles for 25 days;
and 4, step 4: adding functional bacteria: adding functional bacteria into the material obtained in the step (3), wherein the adding amount is 0.33% of the mass of the material obtained in the step (3), and culturing the number of the functional bacteria at 27 ℃ to achieve that the number of the functional bacteria is 5 hundred million/g; gradually raising the temperature to 40 ℃, reducing the moisture of the material, and reducing the moisture content to 35%; crushing and sieving the mixture by a sieve of 80-100 meshes;
and 5: mixing semi-finished products: crushing the raw material zeolite and sieving the crushed raw material zeolite with a sieve of 80-100 meshes; according to the biological organic fertilizer particles: the zeolite particles were 65 by mass: 35, adding the crushed and sieved zeolite into the material obtained in the step (4), and stirring for 20 times; and (4) detecting the materials obtained in the step (4), and warehousing the measured and packaged finished products meeting the technical standard to obtain 95kg of the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 2:
the zeolite type bio-organic fertilizer is prepared according to the following steps.
Step 1: treatment of organic raw materials: 20kg of straws, 5kg of sawdust and 70kg of bagasse are crushed by a coarse crusher, stirred for 15 times with 5kg of alcohol waste liquid and 50kg of waste sugarcane liquid, the particle size is 50mm, deionized water is added until the moisture content of the materials is controlled at 50%, and the C/N ratio is adjusted to 30: 1, keeping the pH value at 5, and standing for 6 hours;
step 2: adding compound bacteria: according to the organic raw materials: the fermentation regulator is 1000:1, dissolving the fermentation regulator into diluent by using clear water, and adding the following organic raw materials in the diluent by mass ratio: 100 parts of composite bacteria: 1 adding the composite bacteria powder, stirring uniformly, uniformly spraying the diluent on the organic raw materials, and fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
and step 3: fermentation of organic raw materials: the materials are stacked and fermented in a trapezoidal shape, the stack height is 150cm, and the width of the bottom of the stack is 250 cm; after the materials are piled, covering a ventilating cover, turning the piles every 24 hours or turning the piles when the temperature of the materials exceeds 60 ℃, continuously turning the piles for 4 times, and deeply aging the piles for 25 days;
and 4, step 4: adding functional bacteria: adding functional bacteria into the material obtained in the step (3), wherein the adding amount is 0.33% of the mass of the material obtained in the step (3), and culturing the number of the functional bacteria at 27 ℃ to achieve that the number of the functional bacteria is 5 hundred million/g; gradually raising the temperature to 40 ℃, reducing the moisture of the material, and reducing the moisture content to 35%; crushing and sieving the mixture by a sieve of 80-100 meshes;
and 5: mixing semi-finished products: crushing the raw material zeolite and sieving the crushed raw material zeolite with a sieve of 80-100 meshes; according to the biological organic fertilizer particles: the zeolite particles were 65 by mass: 35, adding the crushed and sieved zeolite into the material obtained in the step (4), and stirring for 20 times; and (4) detecting the materials obtained in the step (4), and warehousing the measured and packaged finished products meeting the technical standard to obtain 100kg of the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 3:
step 1: treatment of organic raw materials: after being crushed by a coarse crusher, 20kg of straws, 5kg of sawdust and 70kg of bagasse are mixed with 20kg of alcohol waste liquid and 80kg of waste sugarcane liquid for 15 times, the grain size is 50mm, deionized water is added until the moisture content of the materials is controlled at 50%, and the C/N ratio is adjusted to 30: 1, keeping the pH value at 6, and standing for 6 hours;
step 2: adding compound bacteria: according to the organic raw materials: the fermentation regulator is 1000:1, dissolving the fermentation regulator into diluent by using clear water, and adding the following organic raw materials in the diluent by mass ratio: 100 parts of composite bacteria: 1 adding the compound bacteria, stirring uniformly, uniformly spraying the diluent on the organic raw materials, and fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
and step 3: fermentation of organic raw materials: the materials are stacked and fermented in a trapezoidal shape, the stack height is 150cm, and the width of the bottom of the stack is 250 cm; after the materials are piled, covering a ventilating cover, turning the piles every 24 hours or turning the piles when the temperature of the materials exceeds 60 ℃, continuously turning the piles for 4 times, and deeply aging the piles for 25 days;
and 4, step 4: adding functional bacteria: adding functional bacteria into the material obtained in the step (3), wherein the adding amount is 0.35% of the mass of the material obtained in the step (3), and culturing the number of the functional bacteria at 27 ℃ to achieve that the number of the functional bacteria is 5 hundred million/g; gradually raising the temperature to 40 ℃, reducing the moisture of the material, and reducing the moisture content to 35%; crushing and sieving the mixture by a sieve of 80-100 meshes;
and 5: mixing semi-finished products: crushing the raw material zeolite and sieving the crushed raw material zeolite with a sieve of 80-100 meshes; according to the biological organic fertilizer particles: the zeolite particles were 65 by mass: 35, adding the crushed and sieved zeolite into the material obtained in the step (4), and stirring for 20 times; and (4) detecting the materials obtained in the step (4), and warehousing the measured and packaged finished products meeting the technical standard to obtain 130kg of the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 4:
step 1: treatment of organic raw materials: 20kg of straws, 10kg of sawdust and 60kg of bagasse are crushed by a coarse crusher, stirred for 15 times with 5kg of alcohol waste liquid and 50kg of waste sugarcane liquid, the particle size is 50mm, deionized water is added until the moisture content of the materials is controlled at 50%, and the C/N ratio is adjusted to 30: 1, keeping the pH value at 5, and standing for 6 hours;
step 2: adding compound bacteria: according to the organic raw materials: the fermentation regulator is 1000:1, dissolving the fermentation regulator into diluent by using clear water, and adding the following organic raw materials in the diluent by mass ratio: 100 parts of composite bacteria: 1 adding the compound bacteria, stirring uniformly, uniformly spraying the diluent on the organic raw materials, and fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
and step 3: fermentation of organic raw materials: the materials are stacked and fermented in a trapezoidal shape, the stack height is 150cm, and the width of the bottom of the stack is 200 cm; after the materials are piled, covering a ventilating cover, turning the piles every 24 hours or turning the piles when the temperature of the materials exceeds 60 ℃, continuously turning the piles for 4 times, and deeply aging the piles for 25 days;
and 4, step 4: adding functional bacteria: adding functional bacteria into the material obtained in the step (3), wherein the adding amount is 0.33% of the mass of the material obtained in the step (3), and culturing the number of the functional bacteria at 27 ℃ to achieve that the number of the functional bacteria is 5 hundred million/g; gradually raising the temperature to 40 ℃, reducing the moisture of the material, and reducing the moisture content to 35%; crushing and sieving the mixture by a sieve of 80-100 meshes;
and 5: mixing semi-finished products: crushing the raw material zeolite and sieving the crushed raw material zeolite with a sieve of 80-100 meshes; according to the biological organic fertilizer particles: the zeolite particles were 65 by mass: 35, adding the crushed and sieved zeolite into the material obtained in the step (4), and stirring for 20 times; and (4) detecting the materials obtained in the step (4), and warehousing the measured and packaged finished products meeting the technical standards to obtain 93kg of the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 5:
step 1: treatment of organic raw materials: after being crushed by a coarse crusher, 15kg of straws, 15kg of sawdust and 60kg of bagasse are mixed with 10kg of alcohol waste liquid and 80kg of waste sugarcane liquid for 15 times, the grain size is 50mm, deionized water is added until the moisture content of the materials is controlled at 50%, and the C/N ratio is adjusted to 30: 1, keeping the pH value at 6, and standing for 6 hours;
step 2: adding compound bacteria: according to the organic raw materials: the fermentation regulator is 1000:1, dissolving the fermentation regulator into diluent by using clear water, and adding the following organic raw materials in the diluent by mass ratio: 100 parts of composite bacteria: 1 adding the compound bacteria, stirring uniformly, uniformly spraying the diluent on the organic raw materials, and fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer;
and step 3: fermentation of organic raw materials: the materials are stacked and fermented in a trapezoidal shape, the stack height is 150cm, and the width of the bottom of the stack is 200 cm; after the materials are piled, covering a ventilating cover, turning the piles every 24 hours or turning the piles when the temperature of the materials exceeds 60 ℃, continuously turning the piles for 3 times, and deeply aging the piles for 30 days;
and 4, step 4: adding functional bacteria: adding functional bacteria into the material obtained in the step (3), wherein the adding amount is 0.33% of the mass of the material obtained in the step (3), and culturing the number of the functional bacteria at 27 ℃ to achieve that the number of the functional bacteria is 5 hundred million/g; gradually raising the temperature to 40 ℃, reducing the moisture of the material, and reducing the moisture content to 35%; crushing and sieving the mixture by a sieve of 80-100 meshes;
and 5: mixing semi-finished products: crushing the raw material zeolite and sieving the crushed raw material zeolite with a sieve of 80-100 meshes; according to the biological organic fertilizer particles: the zeolite particles were 65 by mass: 35, adding the crushed and sieved zeolite into the material obtained in the step (4), and stirring for 20 times; and (4) detecting the materials obtained in the step (4), and warehousing the measured and packaged finished products meeting the technical standard to obtain 123.5kg of the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention that is presented in connection with specific embodiments, and the practice of the invention is not intended to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the inventive concept, which should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The zeolite type biological organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising 65-85% of powdery biological organic fertilizer and 15-35% of zeolite particles by mass percentage;
the raw materials for preparing the powdery biological organic fertilizer comprise an organic raw material, compound bacteria, functional bacteria and a fermentation regulator;
the organic raw materials comprise organic domestic waste residues and organic domestic waste liquid;
the mass ratio of the organic raw materials to the composite bacteria to the fermentation regulator is 1000:10: 1-2;
the compound bacteria comprise photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes and rhizopus, and the proportion is 1: 5: 2: 1.
2. the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the organic domestic waste comprises 20-35% of straw by mass; 5-15% of sawdust and 50-75% of bagasse; the organic domestic waste liquid comprises 10-20% of alcohol waste liquid and 80-90% of waste sugarcane liquid.
3. The zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the functional bacteria include azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, silicate bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas, bacillus and actinomycetes;
when the functional bacteria are azotobacter, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, silicate bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, the proportion of azotobacter, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, silicate bacteria and lactic acid bacteria is 15-25%: 10-15%: 15-20%: 40-60%;
when the functional bacteria are bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas, bacillus and actinomycetes, the proportion of the bacillus subtilis, the pseudomonas, the bacillus and the actinomycetes is 35-40%: 15-20%: 15-20%: 30-35%.
4. The zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein said fermentation regulator is molasses fermentation broth.
5. The zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the zeolite particles have a particle size of 80-100 mesh.
6. The preparation method of the zeolite-type bio-organic fertilizer of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the particle size of the organic domestic waste residue and the organic domestic waste liquid which meet the requirements of material treatment is 2-60 mm, deionized water is added into the material, the water content is controlled to be 50-60%, and the C/N ratio is adjusted to be 25-30: 1, standing for 5-6 hours under the condition that the pH value is 5-6;
dissolving the fermentation regulator with clear water to obtain a diluent, adding the compound bacteria into the diluent, stirring, uniformly spraying the diluent on the organic raw materials, and fully and uniformly stirring by using a stirrer to obtain a material;
the materials are stacked and fermented in a trapezoidal shape, the stack height is 150cm, and the width of the bottom of the stack is 200 cm-300 cm; after the materials are piled, covering with a breathable cover, turning the piles every 24 hours or when the temperature of the materials exceeds 60 ℃, continuously turning the piles for 3-5 times, deeply aging the piles, and taking 20-30 days to obtain fermented materials;
adding functional bacteria into the fermentation material, wherein the addition amount of the functional bacteria is 0.33-0.45% of the mass of the obtained fermentation material, and culturing the functional bacteria at 27 ℃ to achieve the functional bacteria > 5 hundred million/g; gradually raising the temperature to 40 ℃, reducing the moisture of the material, and reducing the moisture content to 35-40%; crushing and sieving the mixture by a sieve of 80-100 meshes to obtain powdery biological organic fertilizer particles;
according to the powder biological organic fertilizer particles: adding zeolite particles into the powdery biological organic fertilizer particles according to the mass ratio of 65-85: 15-35, and stirring for 20-25 times;
and (4) detecting the microbial quantity and the nutrient content, metering, packaging and storing finished products meeting the technical standard, returning to the fermentation step if the finished products do not meet the technical standard, and performing deep curing and subsequent steps again.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the technical standard is: total content of N, P and K > 6% by mass; organic matter > -40%; yellow humic acid > 12%; amino acid > 6%; functional bacteria > 5 hundred million/g; the roundworm egg killing rate > is 95 percent; 100 colibacillus/g and 30% water.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the zeolite is modified by adding 5% HCl and 5% NaCl solutions and repeatedly rinsing.
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Application publication date: 20210810 |