CN113207422A - Unordered compact planting broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function - Google Patents
Unordered compact planting broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function Download PDFInfo
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- CN113207422A CN113207422A CN202110411561.0A CN202110411561A CN113207422A CN 113207422 A CN113207422 A CN 113207422A CN 202110411561 A CN202110411561 A CN 202110411561A CN 113207422 A CN113207422 A CN 113207422A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D57/00—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers
- A01D57/20—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers with conveyor belts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D67/00—Undercarriages or frames specially adapted for harvesters or mowers; Mechanisms for adjusting the frame; Platforms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D69/00—Driving mechanisms or parts thereof for harvesters or mowers
Abstract
The invention provides a disordered dense planting broccoli harvester with an intelligent cutting function, which comprises a double-helix leaf removing device, a constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device, a walking auxiliary wheel, a transverse conveying device, a lifting support rod, a collecting device and a crawler chassis, wherein the double-helix leaf removing device is arranged on the double-helix leaf removing device; the transverse conveying device is arranged on the crawler chassis through a lifting support rod; the constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device comprises a motor A, a right disc cutter, a left disc cutter and a cutting knife bracket; the cutting knife connecting plate is fixed on the cutting knife bracket, one end of the transverse conveying device is arranged on the cutting knife bracket, walking auxiliary wheels are arranged on two sides of the cutting knife bracket, and the double-helix leaf removing device is arranged on the cutting knife bracket; the constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device is positioned below the double-spiral leaf removing device. The method realizes the stable cutting of broccoli rhizome, and ensures that the cut rhizome is not damaged and is not split or has abnormal cuts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vegetable harvesting mechanical equipment, in particular to a disordered densely planted broccoli harvester with an intelligent cutting function.
Background
The broccoli has the advantages of high yield, strong cold resistance, strong adaptability, easy storage and the like, is rich in nutrient components such as vitamin C and the like, and the planting area is continuously increased in recent years. However, for harvesting broccoli, manual harvesting is mainly used at present, the labor intensity is high, the production efficiency is low, and mechanical harvesting methods and equipment for broccoli are lacked.
At present, aiming at a removing method of broccoli stems and leaves, as the prior art discloses an intermittent rolling type removing device for outer wrapping leaves of cabbage vegetables, the removing device is disclosed, which can continuously cut all the outer wrapping leaves into small pieces and then automatically fall off the outer wrapping leaves in an intermittent turning mode, so that the harvesting mechanization degree of the cabbage vegetables is improved; aiming at the problem of cutting broccoli rhizome, as the prior art discloses a device for cutting the root of vegetables like cabbage, a cutting device for cutting the rhizome of two rows of vegetables is designed, the harvesting process is simplified, and the breakage rate during harvesting is reduced; aiming at the vegetable conveying flow in the broccoli harvesting process, as the prior art discloses a cabbage harvesting and conveying platform, a conveying device provided with an elastic net-shaped rotary top pressing belt is designed, and the broccoli harvesting and conveying platform has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, strong adaptability and the like; for example, the prior art discloses a guiding and conveying device for harvesting cabbage vegetables, and discloses a conveying and guiding device with a function of guiding and straightening vegetables, which reduces the breakage rate of the vegetables in the harvesting process.
The above technologies all propose methods and equipment designs for harvesting cabbage vegetables, broccoli belongs to cabbage species, but the growth mode of broccoli is different from that of other cabbage vegetables, the corresponding harvesting processes and harvesting methods are different, the harvesting technology for the current cabbage vegetables cannot be universal,
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the disordered close planting broccoli harvester with the intelligent cutting function, which is provided with a high-efficiency low-damage leaf peeling, cutting, lifting, conveying and collecting device, the broccoli harvester can complete the operations of root cutting, conveying, leaf peeling, collecting and the like, the manual labor intensity is reduced, and the broccoli harvester has certain stability, reliability and low failure rate.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A disordered densely planted broccoli harvester with an intelligent cutting function comprises a double-helix leaf removing device, a constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device, a walking auxiliary wheel, a transverse conveying device, a lifting support rod, a collecting device and a crawler chassis; the transverse conveying device is arranged on the crawler chassis through a lifting support rod;
the constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device comprises a motor A, a right disc cutter, a left disc cutter, a cutting knife bracket and a cutting knife connecting plate; the left circular cutter is supported on the cutting knife connecting plate through a bearing with a seat; the right circular cutter is supported on the cutting knife connecting plate through a bearing with a seat; the cutting knife connecting plate is fixed on the cutting knife bracket, and the motor A is arranged on the cutting knife connecting plate and is in transmission connection with the right disc cutter and the left disc cutter through a transmission device and used for enabling the rotation directions of the right disc cutter and the left disc cutter to be opposite;
one end of the transverse conveying device is arranged on the cutting knife bracket, walking auxiliary wheels are arranged on two sides of the cutting knife bracket, and the double-helix leaf removing device is arranged on the cutting knife bracket and is used for removing leaves of broccoli in the conveying process; the constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device is positioned below the double-spiral leaf removing device and is used for cutting off roots and stems of broccoli.
Further, the double-helix leaf removing device comprises a left screw rod, a left helical blade, a connecting bearing, a driven wheel, a motor, a driving wheel, a right helical blade and a right screw rod; the left screw rod and the right screw rod are arranged on the cutting knife bracket through a connecting bearing; the left helical blade is arranged on the left helical rod in a left-handed mode, and the right helical blade is arranged on the right helical rod in a right-handed mode; the driving device enables the left screw rod and the right screw rod to synchronously rotate through the speed reduction transmission mechanism.
Further, the transverse conveying device comprises a driven wheel A, a left conveying belt, a conveying rack, a driving motor A, a driving wheel B, a driving motor B, a right conveying belt and a driven wheel B; the conveying rack is connected with the chassis rack through a support frame and is arranged on the cutting knife bracket; carry frame one end installation action wheel A and action wheel B, carry the frame other end installation from action wheel A and follow driving wheel B, driving motor A drive action wheel A rotates, driving motor B drive action wheel B rotates, action wheel A passes through left conveyer belt with follow driving wheel A and is connected, action wheel B passes through right conveyer belt with follow driving wheel B and is connected.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the left conveying belt and the right conveying belt are respectively provided with tooth shapes, the broccoli with stems and leaves removed is input between the left conveying belt and the right conveying belt by the double-helix leaf removing device, and the broccoli is driven to enter the collecting device through the left conveying belt and the right conveying belt.
Further, the intelligent cutting system comprises a first sensor and a control unit; the first sensor is used for detecting the cutting force of the right disc cutter and/or the left disc cutter, and the control unit judges whether the right disc cutter and/or the left disc cutter are worn or not according to the cutting force detected by the first sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the disordered close planting broccoli harvester with the intelligent cutting function is different from the traditional cabbage harvesting machine in the principle that leaves are peeled through a leaf peeling roller after cutting and conveying are finished. The damage to the broccoli caused by leaf stripping of residual stems and leaves after cutting is avoided, and meanwhile, the cutting force required by stem cutting is reduced.
2. The disordered close planting broccoli harvester with the intelligent cutting function is designed for solving the problem of broccoli rhizome cutting, the constant-speed double-disc type cutting device is designed, the stable cutting of broccoli rhizome is realized by utilizing the supporting force of soil to the root of broccoli, and the problems of breakage, splitting and other abnormal cuts of the cut rhizome are avoided. And the magnitude of the cutting force is monitored through an intelligent control system.
3. According to the disordered densely-planted broccoli harvester with the intelligent cutting function, the harvested broccoli can be lifted and conveyed by adopting a conveying mode of clamping by the transverse conveying belt, the stacking problem possibly caused by a flat conveying belt is avoided, ordered lifting and conveying of the broccoli are realized, and meanwhile, the conveying belt is made of flexible materials, so that damage to the broccoli in the clamping process of the conveying belt can be reduced.
4. The disordered close planting broccoli harvester with the intelligent cutting function can realize the whole-process mechanization of broccoli harvesting, greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve the production efficiency of broccoli.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general diagram of a disordered closely-planted broccoli harvester with an intelligent cutting function according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a double helix defoliation apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the constant velocity reverse double disc cutting apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a constant velocity reverse double disc cutting apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the constant velocity reverse double disc cutting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a lateral transfer device according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1-double helix leaf removing device; 101-left screw rod; 102-left helical blade; 103-connecting bearings; 105-an electric machine; 107-right helical blades; 108-right screw rod; 2-constant speed reverse double disc cutting device; 201-sprocket A; 202-sprocket B; 203-a drive sprocket; 204-motor a; 205-right disc cutter; 206-left disc cutter; 207-cutting knife holder; 208-a pedestal bearing; 209-cutting knife connecting plate; 210-a motor mounting plate; 211-tensioner mounting plate; 212-a tension wheel; 3-an auxiliary wheel; 301-a wheel; 302-a connecting frame; 4-a transverse conveying device; 401-driven wheel a; 402-left conveyor belt; 403-conveyor belt support; 404-drive motor a; 405-capstan a; 406-capstan B; 407-drive motor B; 408-right conveyor belt; 409-slave wheel B; 5-a driving platform; 6-lifting support rods; 7-a collecting device; 8-crawler chassis; 9-intelligent control system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, the disordered dense planting broccoli harvester with the intelligent cutting function comprises a double-helix leaf removing device 1, a constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device 2, a walking auxiliary wheel 3, a transverse conveying device 4, a lifting support rod 6, a collecting device 7 and a crawler chassis 8; the collecting device 7 is arranged on the crawler chassis 8, and the transverse conveying device 4 is arranged on the crawler chassis 8 through the liftable supporting rod 6;
as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device 2 includes a motor a204, a right disc cutter 205, a left disc cutter 206, a cutter holder 207 and a cutter attachment plate 209; the left circular disc cutter 206 is supported on a cutting knife connecting plate 209 through a bearing with a seat; the right circular cutter 205 is supported on a cutting knife connecting plate 209 through a bearing with a seat; the cutting knife connecting plate 209 is fixed on the cutting knife bracket 207; the motor A204 is arranged on the cutting knife connecting plate 209 through a motor mounting plate 210, and is in transmission connection with the right circular disc cutter 205 and the left circular disc cutter 206 through a transmission device, so that the right circular disc cutter 205 and the left circular disc cutter 206 rotate in opposite directions; one end of the transverse conveying device 4 is arranged on the cutting knife bracket 207, the walking auxiliary wheels 3 are arranged on two sides of the cutting knife bracket 207, and the double-helix leaf removing device 1 is arranged on the cutting knife bracket 207 and used for removing leaves of broccoli in the conveying process; the constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device 2 is positioned below the double-spiral leaf removing device 1 and is used for cutting off roots and stems of broccoli. The transmission device can be A2-stage speed reducing mechanism, the motor a204 is an input of the 2-stage speed reducing mechanism, 2 outputs of the 2-stage speed reducing mechanism are respectively connected with the right circular cutter disc 205 and the left circular cutter disc 206, and the rotating directions of the right circular cutter disc 205 and the left circular cutter disc 206 are opposite. The transmission device can also be driven by a chain, and comprises a chain wheel A201, a chain wheel B202, a driving chain wheel 203, a tension wheel mounting plate 211 and a tension wheel 212; one end of the left circular cutter disk 206 is provided with a chain wheel A201, and one end of the right circular cutter disk 205 is provided with a chain wheel B202; the driving sprocket 203 is installed at the output end of the motor a204, and the driving sprocket 203 drives the sprocket a201 and the sprocket B202 to rotate through a chain, so as to make the right circular cutter 205 and the left circular cutter 206 rotate in opposite directions. The tension pulley 212 is mounted on the cutter attachment plate 209 via a tension pulley mounting plate 211, and the tension pulley 212 is used to tension the chain.
The disordered close planting broccoli harvester with the intelligent cutting function is designed for solving the problem of broccoli rhizome cutting, the constant-speed double-disc type cutting device 2 and the double-helix leaf removing device 1 are designed, the stable cutting of broccoli rhizome is realized by utilizing the supporting force of soil to the broccoli root, and the problems of breakage, splitting and other abnormal cuts of the cut rhizome are avoided. Before the rootstock is cut off, redundant stem leaves on the stem of the broccoli are removed by using a double-helix leaf removing device, blades are raked through friction between two screw rods with parallel and opposite axial directions and the stem leaves, and the stem leaves are cut off by using a helical slice. The damage to the broccoli caused by leaf stripping of residual stems and leaves after cutting is avoided, and meanwhile, the cutting force required by stem cutting is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the double helix leaf removing device 1 comprises a left helix rod 101, a left helix blade 102, a connecting bearing 103, a driven wheel 104, a motor 105, a driving wheel 106, a right helix blade 107 and a right helix rod 108; the left screw rod 101 and the right screw rod 108 are arranged on a cutting knife bracket 207 through a connecting bearing 103; the left helical blade 102 is arranged on the left screw rod 101 in a left-handed mode, and the right helical blade 107 is arranged on the right screw rod 108 in a right-handed mode; the drive device 105 synchronously rotates the left screw 101 and the right screw 108 through a reduction gear mechanism. The motor 105 is an input of the reduction transmission mechanism, 2 outputs of the reduction transmission mechanism are respectively connected with the left screw rod 101 and the right screw rod 108, and the rotation directions of the left screw rod 101 and the right screw rod 108 are opposite.
As shown in fig. 6, the transverse conveying device 4 includes a driven wheel a401, a left conveying belt 402, a conveying frame 403, a driving motor a404, a driving wheel a405, a driving wheel B406, a driving motor B407, a right conveying belt 408 and a driven wheel B409; the conveying rack 403 is connected with the chassis rack 8 through a lifting support rod 6, and the conveying rack 403 is installed on the cutting knife bracket 207; one end of the conveying frame 403 is provided with a driving wheel A405 and a driving wheel B406, the other end of the conveying frame 403 is provided with a driven wheel A401 and a driven wheel B409, the driving wheel A405 is driven by the driving motor A404 to rotate, the driving wheel B406 is driven by the driving motor B407 to rotate, the driving wheel A405 is connected with the driven wheel A401 through a left conveying belt 402, and the driving wheel B406 is connected with the driven wheel B409 through a right conveying belt 408. The surfaces of the left conveying belt 402 and the right conveying belt 408 are respectively provided with tooth shapes, the broccoli with stems and leaves removed is input between the left conveying belt 402 and the right conveying belt 408 by the double-helix leaf removing device 1, and the broccoli is driven to enter the collecting device 7 by the left conveying belt 402 and the right conveying belt 408.
The intelligent cutting system 9 is further included, and the intelligent cutting system 9 comprises a first sensor 901 and a control unit 903; the first sensor 901 is configured to detect a cutting force of the right circular disc blade 205 and/or the left circular disc blade 206, and the control unit 903 determines whether the right circular disc blade 205 and/or the left circular disc blade 206 is worn according to the cutting force detected by the first sensor 901.
It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A disordered densely planted broccoli harvester with an intelligent cutting function is characterized by comprising a double-helix leaf removing device (1), a constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device (2), a walking auxiliary wheel (3), a transverse conveying device (4), a liftable support rod (6), a collecting device (7) and a crawler chassis (8); the collecting device (7) is arranged on the crawler chassis (8), and the transverse conveying device (4) is arranged on the crawler chassis (8) through the lifting support rod (6);
the constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device (2) comprises a motor A (204), a right disc cutter (205), a left disc cutter (206), a cutting knife bracket (207) and a cutting knife connecting plate (209); the left circular cutter (206) is supported on the cutting knife connecting plate (209) through a bearing with a seat; the right circular cutter (205) is supported on the cutting knife connecting plate (209) through a bearing with a seat; the cutting knife connecting plate (209) is fixed on the cutting knife bracket (207), and the motor A (204) is arranged on the cutting knife connecting plate (209) and is in transmission connection with the right circular disc cutter (205) and the left circular disc cutter (206) through a transmission device, so that the right circular disc cutter (205) and the left circular disc cutter (206) rotate in opposite directions;
one end of the transverse conveying device (4) is installed on a cutting knife bracket (207), walking auxiliary wheels (3) are installed on two sides of the cutting knife bracket (207), and the double-spiral leaf removing device (1) is installed on the cutting knife bracket (207) and used for removing leaves of broccoli in the conveying process; the constant-speed reverse double-disc cutting device (2) is located below the double-spiral leaf removing device (1) and is used for cutting off roots and stems of broccoli.
2. The disordered densely-planted broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function according to claim 1, wherein the double-helix defoliation device (1) comprises a left screw rod (101), a left helical blade (102), a connecting bearing (103), a right helical blade (107) and a right screw rod (108); the left screw rod (101) and the right screw rod (108) are arranged on a cutting knife bracket (207) through a connecting bearing (103); the left helical blade (102) is arranged on the left helical rod (101) in a left-handed mode, and the right helical blade (107) is arranged on the right helical rod (108) in a right-handed mode; the driving device (105) enables the left screw rod (101) and the right screw rod (108) to synchronously rotate through a speed reduction transmission mechanism.
3. The disordered densely-planted broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function according to claim 1, wherein the transverse conveying device (4) comprises a driven wheel A (401), a left conveying belt (402), a conveying frame (403), a driving motor A (404), a driving wheel A (405), a driving wheel B (406), a driving motor B (407), a right conveying belt (408) and a driven wheel B (409); the conveying rack (403) is connected with the chassis rack (8) through a lifting support rod (6), and the conveying rack (403) is installed on the cutting knife bracket (207); conveyer frame (403) one end installation action wheel A (405) and action wheel B (406), conveyer frame (403) other end installation follows driving wheel A (401) and follows driving wheel B (409), driving motor A (404) drive action wheel A (405) rotates, driving motor B (407) drive action wheel B (406) rotates, action wheel A (405) are connected through left conveyer belt (402) with following driving wheel A (401), action wheel B (406) are connected through right conveyer belt (408) with following driving wheel B (409).
4. The disordered close planting broccoli harvester with the intelligent cutting function as claimed in claim 3, wherein the surfaces of the left conveying belt (402) and the right conveying belt (408) are respectively provided with a tooth shape, the broccoli with stems and leaves removed is input between the left conveying belt (402) and the right conveying belt (408) by the double-helix leaf removing device (1), and the broccoli is driven to enter the collecting device (7) by the left conveying belt (402) and the right conveying belt (408).
5. The chaotic compact broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function according to claim 1, further comprising an intelligent cutting system (9), wherein the intelligent cutting system (9) comprises a first sensor (901) and a control unit (903); the first sensor (901) is used for detecting the cutting force of the right circular cutter (205) and/or the left circular cutter (206), and the control unit (903) judges whether the right circular cutter (205) and/or the left circular cutter (206) is worn or not according to the cutting force detected by the first sensor (901).
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| CN202110411561.0A CN113207422A (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | Unordered compact planting broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function |
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| CN202110411561.0A CN113207422A (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | Unordered compact planting broccoli harvester with intelligent cutting function |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114902868A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-16 | 江苏大学 | Harvester for accurately cutting broccoli |
| CN114946402A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 山西工程技术学院 | Chinese cabbage harvester |
| CN114982474A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-02 | 江苏大学 | Self-propelled broccoli tail vegetable cutting and leaf stripping combined harvesting equipment |
| CN115280990A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江理工大学 | Tomato branch-making tail end executing device |
| CN115643898A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-31 | 中国农业大学 | Selective broccoli harvester |
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