CN113149755B

CN113149755B - Special fertilizer for regional facility eggplants based on QUEFTS model and application method

Info

Publication number: CN113149755B
Application number: CN202110384529.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐新朋; 何萍; 孙静文; 艾超; 周卫; 王玉军
Original assignee: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
Current assignee: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
Priority date: 2021-04-09
Filing date: 2021-04-09
Publication date: 2022-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-09
Also published as: CN113149755A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer preparation and application method special for regional facility eggplants based on a QUEFTS model, and provides a simplified, quantified and rationalized fertilizer preparation and application method special for facility eggplants with the regional characteristic, namely, key parameters such as yield, yield reaction, relative yield and the like can be obtained by eggplants in a complex eggplant fertilization system to evaluate the growth environment and soil fertility condition of eggplant crops, and a fertilizer nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) special for facility eggplants is rapidly and accurately provided ₂ O ₅ ) And potassium (K) ₂ O) nutrient requirement proportion and a corresponding recommended fertilization method. The method is a fertilizer production and reduction technology which effectively improves the yield and the fertilizer utilization rate of eggplant crops, reduces environmental pollution, improves soil fertility, is efficient and easy to implement and is widely applicable to environmental protection, and provides technical support for the factory production of a Bulk Blended (BB) fertilizer special for facility eggplants and/or a compound fertilizer special for facility eggplants with regional characteristics.

Description

Special fertilizer for regional facility eggplants based on QUEFTS model and application method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of compound fertilizer production and balanced fertilization, in particular to a fertilizer preparation and application method special for regional facility eggplants based on a QUEFTS model.

Background

Eggplants form a high-efficiency energy-saving solar greenhouse, plastic shed and mulching film ternary covering annual series protection cultivation system in China, and can be produced and supplied annually all the year round without heating. With the increasing of the production area year by year, especially the introduction of some new varieties, the requirements on the production technology are higher and higher, the requirements on the yield and the quality of eggplants are higher and higher, and the problems in the production are more. The main problems are that a special fertilizer and a mature fertilization technology are lacked, and a blind fertilization phenomenon exists. In addition, because the fertilizing amount is large, the nutrient utilization rate is low, and a large amount of nitrogen is leached into underground water, the content of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-) in the underground water is seriously exceeded. Eggplants are one of the main vegetable types in facility vegetables, and regionalized and specialized fertilizer preparation and application methods are urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a simplified, quantitative and rationalized special fertilizer for regional facility eggplants based on a QUEFTS model and an application method thereof. In a complex eggplant fertilization system, 25th, a median (50th) and 75th of intrinsic nutrient efficiencies are used as a maximum nutrient accumulation boundary and a maximum nutrient dilution boundary to estimate optimal nutrient absorption, the basic nutrient supply capacity of soil is estimated through yield reaction and relative yield, and the fertilizer effect is estimated through agronomic efficiency, so that the special fertilizer for eggplants and a corresponding recommended fertilization method are quickly and accurately provided. The method is a fertilizer production and reduction technology which effectively improves the yield and fertilizer utilization rate of eggplant crops, reduces environmental pollution, improves soil fertility, is efficient and easy to implement and is widely applicable to environmental protection, and provides technical support for the factory production of a special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer for eggplants and/or a special compound fertilizer and/or a compound fertilizer for eggplants with regional characteristics.

Note: the definitions or terms of the terms related to the present invention are to be construed as follows:

QUEFTS model: the relationship between the crop yield and the nutrient absorption of the overground part is analyzed on the basis of applying a large amount of test data, and the relationship accords with a linear-parabola-platform function.

Intrinsic nutrient efficiency (Internalefficiency, IE, kg/kg): defined as the yield of grain produced per 1kg nutrient absorbed, i.e. the ratio of the economic yield to the aboveground nutrient uptake.

Nutrient absorption per ton of grain (RIE, kg/t): defined as the nutrient absorbed by the aerial parts of the crop producing 1t fruit yield, i.e. ton grain nutrient absorption.

The yield (available yield Ya): i.e., the maximum yield achieved under field or laboratory test conditions using currently known information technology and advanced management practices while eliminating yield limiting factors (e.g., nutrients, pests, etc.).

Yield Response (YR) refers to the difference in yield between fertilization and nutrient deficiency treatments. The yield difference between the yield obtained and the yield corresponding to the subtractive treatment is represented by YRN, YRP and YRK for the N-, P-and K-applied yield responses, respectively. YR is the yield increased by fertilization and is one of the important parameters to be considered for balanced fertilization. YR can reflect not only the condition of soil basic nutrient supply but also the condition of fertilization effect.

Relative Yield (RY): defined as the ratio of fruit yield to obtainable yield of a reduced-yield crop. RY is an agronomic parameter calculated based on available yield and yield response.

Agronomic Efficiency (AE): refers to the yield increase of crops by applying a certain nutrient. I.e., grain yield increment for crops to which 1kg of certain nutrients was applied, and the agronomic efficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were expressed as AEN, AEP and AEK, respectively. Agronomic efficiency reflects fertilizer effect.

And (3) supplying basic nutrients of soil: is defined as the ability of the soil to supply certain nutrients in the soil without applying them and with other nutrients being supplied sufficiently. Soil foundations N, P and K nutrient supply are denoted INS, IPS and IKS, respectively.

The data sources of the invention are as follows:

the data used are derived from recently published literature data and field test data carried out in the main eggplant production area. The collected data samples were greenhouse cultivated eggplants.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a special localized eggplant fertilizer preparation method based on a QUEFTS model comprises the following steps:

(1) applying a QUEFTS model to fit curves of N, P in the overground part and K optimal nutrient demand of a facility eggplant under different potential yields and target yields, and obtaining intrinsic nutrient efficiency (IE) of the eggplant and nutrient absorption (RIE) parameters of tons of the eggplant by using N, P, K nutrient absorption and eggplant yields corresponding to the straight line part of the optimal nutrient absorption curve in the overground part, wherein the parameters are shown in the attached figure 1;

eggplant fitting facility by applying QUEFTS modelThe potential yield is 140t/hm ² The obtained Intrinsic Efficiency (IE) of the eggplant nutrients and nutrient absorption (RIE) of each ton of eggplant are listed in a table 1-1 according to the optimal nutrient demand curve of the overground part under different target yields;

TABLE 1-1

(2) According to step (1), Table 1-1, with a potential yield of 140t/hm ² Setting the maximum target yield value corresponding to the linear part of the optimal nutrient demand curve of the underground part as the available yield (Ya) of the facility eggplant, wherein the maximum target yield value is 70.0t/hm ² ；

(3) Calculating the nutrient absorption amount of the upper part of the facility eggplant under the available yield according to the nutrient absorption parameters (RIE) of the ton eggplant corresponding to the linear part obtained in the table 1-1 in the step (1) and the available yield (Ya) in the step (2), namely: nutrient absorption capacity (kg/hm) of overground part ² )＝Ya(t/hm ² )×RIE(kg/1t)；

The yield of the facility eggplant and the corresponding calculation results of the N, P nutrient absorption amount and the K nutrient absorption amount of the overground part are respectively 139.30kg/hm ² 、31.50kg/hm ² And 171.50kg/hm ² ；

The calculation results of the total nutrient absorption amount of the overground part corresponding to the yield of the facility eggplant are summarized in tables 1-2;

tables 1 to 2

(4) Determining grades of soil base nutrients N, P and K supply capacity according to relative yields (RYN, RYP and RYK) corresponding to 25th, median and 75th of relative yields of facility eggplant N, P and K nutrients, and combining step (1) ton eggplant nutrient absorption RIE, step (2) available yield Ya to obtain INS, IPS and IKS corresponding to grades of soil base N, P and K nutrient supply, namely: IS ═ Ya × RY × RIE;

the soil basic nutrient N, P and K supply capacity grades are divided into low, medium and high grades according to RYN, RYP and RYK corresponding to 25th, medium value and 75th of the relative yield of the facility eggplant N, P and K nutrients;

the relative yield frequency distribution of N, P and K is not applied to the eggplant of the facility, and is shown in figure 2;

the relationship between the yield of the eggplant reduction treatment and the yield obtainable by the eggplant reduction treatment facility is shown in figure 3;

the results of the RYN, RYP and RYK for 25th, median and 75th relative yield of the facility eggplant not subjected to N, P and K nutrients (reduced nutrient treatment) and the rating of the supply capacity of the soil basic nutrients N, P and K in terms of RYN, RYP and RYK for 25th, median and 75th relative yield of the facility eggplant N, P and K nutrients are summarized in tables 1-3;

tables 1 to 3

INS, IPS and IKS of soil basic nutrients corresponding to 25th, median and 75th relative yield of the facility eggplant N, P and K nutrient are obtained according to RY corresponding to 25th, median and 75th relative yield of the facility eggplant N, P and K nutrient and RIE in the step (1) and Ya in the step (2), namely: IS ═ Ya × RY × RIE;

wherein: INS (kg/hm) ² )＝Ya×RYN×(RIE-N)，IPS(kg/hm ² )＝Ya×RYP×(RIE-P)，IKS(kg/hm ² )＝Ya×RYK×(RIE-K)；

The INS, IPS and IKS calculation results of soil basic nutrients of grades corresponding to 25th, median and 75th relative yield of eggplant N, P and K nutrients in the facility are summarized in tables 1-4;

1-4

(5) determining N, P and K nutrient supply amount which should be provided by the fertilizer in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant by adopting a nutrient balance method according to the above-ground N, P and K nutrient absorption amount corresponding to the obtainable yield obtained in the step (3) and the step (4) and INS, IPS and IKS data of basic nutrient supply of soil;

fertilizer N, P and K nutrient supply (kg/hm) in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant ² ) Equal to the total amount of the absorbed nutrients N, P and K on the overground part of the eggplant of the facility minus the supply amount of the basic nutrients N, P and K in the soil,

namely: supply of N to N _{Above ground} INS, fertilizer supply P ═ P _{Overground part} IPS, fertilizer K for K ═ K _{Above ground} ─IKS；

The calculation results of the nutrient supply amounts of the fertilizer N, P and K in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant are summarized in tables 1-5;

tables 1 to 5

(6) Converting the nutrient proportion of N to P to K and N to P to N to K and K to N to K to N to K to N the fertilizer to provide the fertilizer to the facility eggplant during the whole growth period according to the N, P and K nutrient supply amount to the fertilizer to provide the fertilizer during the facility eggplant during the whole growth period obtained in the step (5);

the fertilizer N/N to P/N to K/N nutrient ratio in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant is converted by taking N nutrient as a standard;

the nutrient ratio of N to P to K provided by the fertilizer in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant and the result of the ratio of N/N to P/N to K/N converted by taking the N nutrient as a standard are summarized in tables 1-6;

tables 1 to 6

(7) Adjusting the nutrient ratio of N to P to K and N/N to P/N to K/N provided by the fertilizer in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant according to the fertilizer in-season utilization rate and the fertilizer application measure according to the nutrient ratio of N to P to K or N/N to P/N to K/N provided by the fertilizer in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant obtained in the step (6) shown in the table 1-6;

further, the specific adjusting step in step (7) is as follows:

(7.1) adjustment according to the season utilization

The season utilization of the fertilizer N, P and K nutrients: 30% -35% of N, 10% -25% of P and 30% -45% of K; in the invention, the mutual synergistic effect of nutrients is considered, and the supply amounts of the fertilizer basis N, P and the K nutrients are respectively adjusted according to the season utilization rate of 35%, 25% and 45%; the adjusted N is P, K and N are 35 percent, P, 25 percent, K and 45 percent, N, P, N, K and N are 35 percent, N is 35 percent, P is 35 percent, N is 25 percent, K is 35 percent, K is 45 percent, N is 1, P is 35 percent, N is 25 percent, K is 35 percent, K is 45 percent, N is 35 percent, N is 45 percent; the results of the nutrient ratio of N/N to P/N to K/N after the fertilizer basis N, P and K nutrient supply are adjusted according to the season utilization rate in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant are summarized in tables 1-7;

tables 1 to 7

(7.2) adjustment according to fertilization measures

The adjustment according to the fertilizing measures refers to the distribution proportion of N, P and K nutrients of the fertilizer foundation distributed according to the fertilizing rule in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant; the fertilization rule in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant is as follows: applying for 1 time before transplanting and planting; dressing for 4 times, wherein the proportion of the base dressing and the dressing is 20-30-10%; (ii) a

The fertilizer obtained after the fertilizer is adjusted according to the fertilizing measure on the basis of the step (7.1) is collectively called as a special fertilizer for eggplants;

the special fertilizer for the facility eggplants is composed of a base fertilizer special fertilizer, a first additional fertilizer special fertilizer, a second additional fertilizer special fertilizer, a third additional fertilizer special fertilizer and a fourth additional fertilizer special fertilizer, and is sequentially applied when the seedling stage is as long as 5 true leaves, the growth period is reached, the size of eggs exists in fruits and the fruit expansion period is reached;

the special fertilizer for basal application, the special fertilizer for first dressing, the special fertilizer for second dressing, the special fertilizer for third dressing, the special fertilizer for fourth dressing N, P and the total amount of K nutrients provided by the special fertilizer for eggplant to be applied in the growth period of the facility eggplant are distributed according to the total amount of the basic N, P and the total amount of the K nutrients provided by the special fertilizer for eggplant to be applied in the growth period of the facility eggplant. The allocation principle is as follows:

the special fertilizer N for basal application of the facility eggplants accounts for 20 percent of the total N, and the special fertilizer for first dressing, the special fertilizer for second dressing, the special fertilizer for third dressing and the special fertilizer for fourth dressing respectively account for 30 percent, 10 percent and 10 percent of the total N;

the special fertilizer P for basal application of the facility eggplant accounts for 70 percent of the total P, and the special fertilizer P for first dressing and the special fertilizer P for second dressing respectively account for 15 percent and 15 percent of the total P;

the special fertilizer K for basal application of the facility eggplant accounts for 20 percent of the total N, and the special fertilizer K for first dressing, the special fertilizer for second dressing, the special fertilizer for third dressing and the special fertilizer K for fourth dressing respectively account for 10 percent, 30 percent and 10 percent of the total N.

The nutrient proportion results of the base fertilizer base N, P and the K nutrient supply amount of the special fertilizer for facility eggplants, which are distributed and adjusted according to the fertilizer application measures, of the base fertilizer special fertilizer, the first dressing special fertilizer, the second dressing special fertilizer, the third dressing special fertilizer and the fourth dressing special fertilizer are summarized in tables 1-8, tables 1-9, tables 1-10, tables 1-11 and tables 1-12. Wherein:

tables 1-8 show the results of the N: P: K and N/N: P/N: K/N nutrient proportioning of the special fertilizer foundation N, P for basal application of facility eggplants and K nutrients which are distributed and adjusted according to the fertilization measures.

Tables 1-8 show the results of the N: P: K and N/N: P/N: K/N nutrient ratios of the special fertilizer foundation N, P for basal application of facility eggplants and the K nutrient after the adjustment according to the distribution of the fertilization measures.

Tables 1 to 8

The tables 1-9, the tables 1-10, the tables 1-11 and the tables 1-12 are the results of the N: P: K and the N/N: P/N: K/N nutrient ratio after the special fertilizer foundation N, P for dressing the facility eggplant and the K nutrient are distributed and adjusted according to the fertilizing measures. Wherein, tables 1-9 show the nutrient proportioning results of N, P, K and N/N, P/N, K/N after the special additional fertilizer is distributed and adjusted; tables 1-10 show the results of the nutrient ratio of N to P to K and N/N to P/N to K/N after the distribution adjustment of the second dressing special fertilizer; tables 1-11 show the nutrient ratio results of N, P, K and N/N, P/N, K/N after the distribution adjustment of the three-dressing special fertilizer; tables 1-12 show the results of the nutrient proportioning of N: P: K and N/N: P/N: K/N after the distribution adjustment of the four dressing special fertilizers.

Tables 1 to 9

Tables 1 to 10

Tables 1 to 11

Tables 1 to 12

(8) According to the steps (7) (7.2) from table 1-8, table 1-9, table 1-10, table 1-11 and table 1-12, the obtained special fertilizer for facility eggplants is distributed and adjusted according to the fertilizing measures, and the special blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for facility eggplants is prepared respectively;

the blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer special for the facility eggplants is a special base fertilizer, a special first-dressing fertilizer, a special second-dressing fertilizer, a special third-dressing fertilizer and a special fourth-dressing fertilizer for the facility eggplants;

further, the specific preparation steps of the step (8) are as follows:

(8.1) according to (7.2) tables 1-8, 1-9, 1-10, 1-11 and 1-12, the N/N: P/N: K/N nutrient ratio which is finished according to the fertilization measures is converted into the N: P special fertilizer for eggplant plants ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ Proportioning nutrients O;

the special blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for the eggplant facility are converted into N: P ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ The results of the O nutrient ratios are summarized in tables 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16 and tables 1-17.

Tables 1 to 13

Tables 1 to 14

Tables 1 to 15

Tables 1 to 16

Tables 1 to 17

(8.2) according to (8.1) table 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16 and 1-17, special fertilizer for basal application, special fertilizer for first dressing, special fertilizer for second dressing, special fertilizer for third dressing and special fertilizer for fourth dressing N: P ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ The proportion of the O nutrient is determined according to the GB15063-2001 compound fertilizer (compound fertilizer) standard, and the total nutrient content (%) and the corresponding N-P content of the Bulk Blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer special for eggplants in corresponding facilities are respectively determined ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ Carrying out fertilizer preparation production after the grade of O;

the invention also provides an application method of the special fertilizer for the regional facility eggplants based on the QUEFTS model, which is based on the technical scheme and is a recommended fertilization method based on yield response and agronomic efficiency, and the application method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: determining soil foundation N, P and K nutrient supply grade according to the annual average yield of eggplant crops in the facility eggplant planting area;

the soil basic nutrient supply grades are divided according to the grades of low-fertility soil, medium-fertility soil and high-fertility soil; wherein, the low-fertility soil is a field with the average crop yield less than 25% of the national field in the last 5 years of the field, the high-fertility soil is a field with the average crop yield more than 75% of the national field in the last 5 years of the field, and the medium-fertility soil is a field with the average crop yield between 25% and 75% of the national field in the last 5 years of the field;

the evaluation methods corresponding to the soil foundation N, P and the K nutrient supply grade of the eggplant planting area of the facility are summarized in the table 2-1.

TABLE 2-1

Step two: determining special fertilizer N: P for facility eggplants in corresponding planting areas according to soil foundation N, P and K nutrient supply grades in corresponding planting areas of the facility eggplants in the step one ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ O nutrient proportion and fertilization mode;

the special fertilizer N: P for eggplants in the facility ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ The O nutrient proportion is N: P of the special fertilizer for the facility eggplants in the table 1-10 of (8.1) in the' fertilizer preparation method for regional facility eggplants based on QUEFTS model ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ The fertilizer special for the greenhouse eggplants is prepared according to the O nutrient proportioning requirement and according to the (8.2) of the 'fertilizer preparation method for the regional greenhouse eggplants based on the QUEFTS model';

the fertilizer application mode of the special fertilizer for the eggplants is divided into a base fertilizer application and a top dressing fertilizer application according to the growth period of the facility eggplants;

the facility eggplant basal application special fertilizer is applied before transplantation customization; the special fertilizer for applying the additional fertilizer to the eggplants is composed of a special fertilizer for applying the additional fertilizer, a special fertilizer for applying the additional fertilizer for applying the additional fertilizer for applying the additional fertilizer for the eggplants and the additional fertilizer for applying the additional fertilizer for applying the additional fertilizer for applying the;

step three: determining the obtainable yield (Ya) according to the annual average yield level of the eggplant crops in the facility eggplant planting area;

the obtainable yield (Ya) is 1.10 times of the average yield of the facility eggplant in 5-10 years in the past, and preferably the average yield of the facility tomato in 5 years in the past.

Step four: determining the nitrogen application Yield Response (YRN) of the eggplant crops in the corresponding planting area facilities according to the obtainable yield (Ya) obtained in the step three;

the facility eggplant crop nitrogen application yield response YRN is calculated by equation 1:

YRN(t/hm ² ) Is Ya × k formula 1

Wherein k is a nitrogen-applying yield reaction coefficient;

the nitrogen application yield reaction coefficient (k) of the facility eggplant crop of the corresponding planting area is calculated by formula 2 according to the nitrogen Relative Yield (RYN) of the facility eggplant crop corresponding to the soil basic nutrient supply grade of the corresponding planting area:

k 1-RYN formula 2

Wherein RYN is the nitrogen relative yield; the nitrogen Relative Yield (RYN) of facility eggplant is given by (4) table 4-1 in the aforementioned "a localized facility eggplant specific fertilization method based on QUEFTS model";

the results of the calculation of the nitrogen application yield response coefficient (k) of the facility eggplant crops corresponding to the soil basic nutrient supply grades of the respective planting areas are summarized in tables 2-2.

Tables 2 to 2

Step five: determining nitrogen Agronomic Efficiency (AEN) of the facility eggplant crops according to the nitrogen application Yield Response (YRN) of the facility eggplant crops in the corresponding planting areas obtained in the fourth step;

a significant quadratic curve relationship exists between the yield response and the agronomic efficiency; FIG. 3 shows the relationship between nitrogen yield response and nitrogen agronomic efficiency for a facility eggplant; fitting a binomial relation curve between the nitrogen agronomic efficiency and the nitrogen application yield response of the facility eggplant crop to obtain a one-dimensional quadratic relation between the nitrogen agronomic efficiency and the nitrogen application yield response of the facility eggplant crop, namely calculating the nitrogen Agronomic Efficiency (AEN) of the facility eggplant crop by a formula 3:

AEN(kg/kg)＝a×(YRN) ² + b × (YRN) + c formula 3

Wherein a is a quadratic term coefficient, b is a primary term coefficient, and c is a constant term;

numerical values of binomial coefficients a, b and c in the binomial formula between the nitrogen agronomic efficiency and the nitrogen application yield reaction are obtained by fitting a binomial curve of the conventional test data of the facility eggplant;

the facility eggplant binomial coefficients (a, b, c): a-0.094, b-3.1315, and c-3.0412.

Step six: determining the total nitrogen application amount N in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant crops in the corresponding planting areas according to the nitrogen application Yield Reaction (YRN) of the facility eggplant crops in the corresponding planting areas in the step four and the nitrogen Agronomic Efficiency (AEN) of the facility eggplant crops in the corresponding planting areas in the step five _{General assembly} ；

The total nitrogen application amount of the facility eggplant crops in the corresponding planting areas is calculated by a formula 4:

N _{general assembly} (kg/hm ² )＝YRN(t/hm ² ) X1000/AEN (kg/kg) formula 4

Wherein N is _{General assembly} YRN is nitrogen application yield reaction and AEN is nitrogen agronomic efficiency;

step seven: according to the 'fertilizer preparation method for regionalized radish based on QUEFTS model' (7.2) and the total nitrogen application amount N in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant crops in the corresponding planting regions obtained in the sixth step _{General assembly} Determining the facility eggplant special for the two corresponding planting areas in the stepN provided by fertilizer accounts for the total nitrogen application amount N _{General (1)} Percent m (%);

the total nitrogen application amount in the growth period of the facility eggplant crop is equal to facility tomato base application special fertilizer N + facility tomato topdressing special fertilizer N;

the percentage of the special fertilizer N for basal eggplant application in the facility to the total nitrogen (N) is (m percent) 20 percent of the special fertilizer N for basal eggplant application;

the percentage of the special fertilizer N for the additional application of the facility eggplant to the total nitrogen (N) is (m percent) which is the special fertilizer N multiplied by 100 percent for basic application/the total N applied is (80 percent); wherein, the percentage m (%) of the first dressing special fertilizer N, the second dressing special fertilizer N, the third dressing special fertilizer N and the fourth dressing special fertilizer N in the total amount of the applied nitrogen (N) is respectively 30%, 10% and 10%;

step eight: according to the 'special fertilizer preparation method for regionalized greenhouse eggplants based on QUEFTS model' (8.2), the special blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer N-P for the greenhouse eggplants ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ The concentration w (%) of the N nutrient in the O grade and the total nitrogen application amount N in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant crops in the planting areas corresponding to the six steps _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² ) The fertilizer N special for the facility eggplants in the planting areas corresponding to the step seven accounts for the total nitrogen application amount N _{General assembly} Determining the recommended application amount of the facility eggplant special fertilizer in the corresponding planting area;

the recommended application amount of the blended (BB) fertilizer and/or the compound fertilizer special for the facility eggplant is calculated by a formula 5:

recommended application amount (kg/hm) of special fertilizer for facility eggplant ² )

＝N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² ) X m (%)/w (%) formula 5

Wherein m (%) is the percentage of the special fertilizer N for the facility eggplant in the total nitrogen application amount, and w (%) is the special blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer N-P for the facility eggplant ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ N nutrient concentration (%) in O grade;

furthermore, the recommended application amount of the special fertilizer for basal application of the facility eggplants is N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×20％/w(％)；

Further, the facilityRecommended application amount of special eggplant fertilizer _{General (1)} (kg/hm ² )×30％/w(％)；

Further, the recommended application amount of the facility eggplant secondary dressing fertilizer is N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×30％/w(％)；

Furthermore, the recommended application amount of the three-dressing special fertilizer for the facility eggplant is N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×10％/w(％)；

Furthermore, the recommended application amount of the four-purpose additional fertilizer for facility eggplants is N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×10％/w(％)；

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, compare with prior art, have following advantage and beneficial effect:

1) the QUEFTS model is suitable for different eggplant varieties. The yield and nutrient absorption of current high-yield eggplants are greatly different, the QUEFTS model can be used for testing the yield and nutrient internal efficiency of different varieties under the same processing condition, the lower yield and nutrient internal efficiency of some varieties means that more fertilizer investment is needed to reach the target yield, and the analysis is not only beneficial to screening high-yield and high-efficiency varieties, but also provides an application basis for balanced fertilization of eggplants and specialization of fertilizer production.

2) The QUEFTS model simulates an optimal nutrient absorption curve, and can provide suggestions for decision makers through verification of the QUEFTS model, customize regional special fertilizer basic nutrient proportion, and improve nutrient management measures such as fertilizing amount, fertilizing time, fertilizing proportion and the like so as to achieve the purposes of high yield and high efficiency.

3) The method for estimating the nutrient absorption of the eggplant by using the QUEFTS model has the advantages that the optimal nutrient absorption is estimated by using a large amount of field test data, and the estimation result cannot be deviated by individual or few test points, so that the method has universal significance. Most importantly, the model considers the interaction between N, P and K macronutrient elements.

4) A special fertilizer for eggplant in regional facilities based on a QUEFTS model is prepared from a special fertilizer and a special application method of the special fertilizer, and the special fertilizer and the application method of the special fertilizer are provided for the eggplant in regional facilities based on the QUEFTS model, and also have the nutrients from other sources except soil, such as a crop rotation system, straw returning, nutrient residual effect of crops in the previous season, organic fertilizer application, atmospheric settlement, irrigation water and the like. And (4) for preparing the fertilizer for the eggplants, calculating according to the nutrient quantity required by the crop yield reaction and the nutrient quantity required by the supplement of the aboveground displacement quantity of the crops. And recommending the eggplant to be fertilized, obtaining the fertilizer according to the related relation between the crop agronomic efficiency and the yield response, and properly adjusting the fertilizer according to the land detail information and the classification of the basic nutrient supply capacity of the soil.

5) The special fertilizer preparation and application method for the regional facility eggplants based on the QUEFTS model conforms to the 4R principle, namely, the proper fertilizer types are selected, and the fertilizer is applied to the proper positions at proper time by using proper dosage so as to meet the nutrient requirements of crops and achieve supply and demand synchronization.

6) A special fertilizer preparation and application method for eggplant in regional facilities based on a QUEFTS model is a special fertilizer preparation and application method for eggplant crops, which is built on the basis of summarizing fertilizer field experiments conducted nationwide in the last decade and comprises a database of crop yield response, agronomic efficiency and nutrient absorption and utilization information, and is a simple fertilizer preparation and application recommendation method based on the internal relation of soil basic nutrient supply, crop yield response and agronomic efficiency and the characteristic parameters of optimal nutrient absorption and utilization of crops with general guidance significance.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a curve of the optimal nutrient demand of the overground parts of eggplant under different yield potentials fitted by a QUEFTS model, and YA, YD and YU are respectively a maximum accumulation boundary, a maximum dilution boundary and an optimal nutrient absorption curve of the overground parts of the eggplant;

FIG. 2 is a graph of relative yield frequency distribution of no N, P applied eggplant and K;

FIG. 3 is a graph of nitrogen yield response versus nitrogen agronomic efficiency for eggplant in which: y is AEN, x is YRN, R ² Is the correlation coefficient.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for greenhouse eggplants and application method thereof

This example was carried out in the year 2013-2015 at Diwu Dakotun Zhenzhuang, Tianjin, and the crop rotation was a spring crop-autumn postnatal facility cultivation mode. The fertilizer application times of the facility eggplant in the whole growth period are 5 times, namely, the first additional special fertilizer, the second additional special fertilizer, the third additional special fertilizer and the fourth additional special fertilizer in the base application special fertilizer and the additional special fertilizer before transplanting and planting.

The average yield of the facility eggplants in the last 5 years of the field of the test site is between 25% and 75% of the yield level of the planting area of the whole country, so the soil fertility grade of the test field is medium fertility soil. From tables 1-13, tables 1-14, tables 1-15, tables 1-16 and tables 1-17, the fertilizer special for basal application of facility eggplant is expressed in the ratio of N: P ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ The fertilizer is prepared according to the proportion of N: P in the formula of 1.00:0.89:1.73, and the special fertilizer for the eggplant facility is applied ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ The fertilizer is prepared according to the proportion of N: P in the first-time fertilizer, the proportion of O is 1.00:0.14:0.58, and the special fertilizer for the second-time dressing of the facility eggplants is ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ Preparing fertilizer with O being 11.00:0.14:1.73, and applying special fertilizer for three additional applications of eggplant in the facility according to the ratio of N: P ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ The fertilizer is prepared according to the proportion of N: P in the four-application fertilizer for eggplant facility ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ And (4) preparing the fertilizer by using the ratio of O to O of 1.00:0: 1.73.

The average yield level of the eggplant facility at the test site in the past 5 years is 60t/hm ² . Facility eggplant can be obtainedThe yield is 1.10 times of the average yield level of the past 5 years, namely the yield of the facility eggplant is 60t/hm ² ×1.10＝66t/hm ² 。

Nitrogen application Yield Response (YRN) of eggplant plants at the facility of the test site is given by the formula: YRN (t/hm) ² )＝Ya (t/hm ² ) X k, where the nitrogen yield response coefficient (k) is calculated from the formula: k is calculated from 1 to RYN; the nitrogen relative yield RYN of the facility eggplant crop corresponding to the medium-fertility soil basal nutrient supply grade is given by table 2-2, i.e. k 1-RYN 1-0.86-0.14; nitrogen application yield reaction YRN (t/hm) of facility eggplant crop ² )＝ Ya(t/hm ² )×k＝66t/hm ² ×0.14＝9.24t/hm ² 。

The nitrogen Agronomic Efficiency (AEN) of the eggplant crop at the test site facility is represented by the formula AEN (kg/kg) ═ a × (YRN) ² + b × (YRN) + c. Wherein the binomial coefficients (a, b, c) of the facility eggplant: a-0.094, b-3.1315, and c-3.0412. Namely: facility tomato AEN (kg/kg) ═ a × (YRN) ² +b×(YRN) +c＝-0.094×9.24 ² +3.1315×9.24+3.0412＝23.95(kg/kg)；

1. Special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer preparation method for greenhouse eggplants

The total nutrient content (%) of the special fertilizer for facility eggplants is prepared and produced according to 45%.

According to the N-P in the GB15063-2001 compound fertilizer (compound fertilizer) standard ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ The special fertilizer N: P is applied to the basal portion of the eggplant in the eggplant facility according to the requirement of O grade ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ 1.00:0.89:1.73, P as special fertilizer ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ O1.00: 0.14:0.58, N P as special fertilizer ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ O11.00: 0.14:1.73, and N P as special fertilizer ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ O1.00: 0:5.18, N: P as special fertilizer ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ 1.00:0:1.73 of the formula N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ O (total nitrogen-effective phosphorus pentoxide-potassium oxide) sequence, and the formula of the special fertilizer for basal application of eggplant plants is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ 12.43-11.10-21.47 percent of O, namely special fertilizer for eggplant in facilityThe coordination formula is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ 26.26-3.61-15.13 of O, and the formula of the special fertilizer for two-purpose eggplant facility is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ 15.70-2.16-27.14 percent of O, and the formula of the special fertilizer for facility eggplant is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ O7.28-0.00-37.72, and N-P as the special fertilizer for four-dressing eggplant ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ O is 16.50-0.00-28.50. Per ton facilityEggplantThe raw materials and the amounts of the special fertilizers are summarized in table 1. The special fertilizer for the eggplant is distributed according to the total nitrogen demand in the full development period, wherein the development period refers to three periods, namely a germination period, a seedling period and a flowering and fruit setting period;

TABLE 1

1.1 facility eggplant basal application special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer and/or special compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer (calculated by per ton dry base fertilizer)

(1) Special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer for basic application of facility eggplants

211.18kg of granular urea, 246.64kg of monoammonium phosphate, 214.74kg of potassium sulfate, 178.95kg of potassium chloride and 148.49kg of filler are weighed and fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-helix mixer, and the mixture is conveyed into a metering package by a belt conveyor to obtain the special blended fertilizer (BB fertilizer) for eggplant base application.

(2) Special compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for basal application of greenhouse eggplants

211.18kg of urea, 246.64kg of monoammonium phosphate, 214.74kg of potassium sulfate, 178.95kg of potassium chloride and 148.49kg of filler are weighed, fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-helix mixer, sent into a granulator (both a disc granulator and a drum granulator) by a belt conveyor for granulation, dried, cooled, screened, metered and packaged to obtain the special compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for eggplant base application.

1.2 production of Bulk Blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer (per ton of dry fertilizer) for eggplant by facility-dressing

(1) Special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer for facility eggplant

551.77kg of granular urea, 80.19kg of monoammonium phosphate, 151.28kg of potassium sulfate, 126.07kg of potassium chloride and 90.69kg of filler are weighed, fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-helix mixer, and are conveyed by a belt conveyor to be measured and packaged, so that the special blended fertilizer (BB fertilizer) for first dressing of eggplants is obtained.

(2) Compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer special for facility eggplant

551.77kg of urea, 80.19kg of monoammonium phosphate, 151.28kg of potassium sulfate, 126.07kg of potassium chloride and 90.69kg of filler are weighed, fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-helix mixer, sent into a granulator (both a disc granulator and a drum granulator) by a belt conveyor for granulation, dried, cooled, screened, measured and packaged to obtain the first additional application compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for eggplants.

1.3 production of Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer (per ton of dry fertilizer) for eggplant under the facility

(1) Special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer for facility eggplant secondary dressing

329.94kg of granular urea, 47.95kg of monoammonium phosphate, 271.38kg of potassium sulfate, 226.15kg of potassium chloride and 124.59kg of filler are weighed and fully mixed in an asymmetric double-screw mixer, and the mixture is conveyed into a metering package by a belt conveyor to obtain the special blended fertilizer (BB fertilizer) for the second dressing of eggplants.

(2) Special compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for facility eggplant two-stage dressing

329.94kg of urea, 47.95kg of monoammonium phosphate, 271.38kg of potassium sulfate, 226.15kg of potassium chloride and 124.59kg of filler are weighed and fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-screw mixer, the mixture is conveyed into a granulator (both a disc granulator and a drum granulator) by a belt conveyor for granulation, and the granulation is dried, cooled, screened, metered and packaged to obtain the special compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for the second dressing of eggplants.

1.4 production of Bulk Blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer (per ton of dry fertilizer) specially for eggplant by facility three applications

(1) Special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer for three-dressing of facility eggplants

158.19kg of granular urea, 377.23kg of potassium sulfate, 314.36kg of potassium chloride and 150.22kg of filler are weighed, fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-helix mixer, and are conveyed into a metering package by a belt conveyor to obtain the third additional application special bulk blended fertilizer (BB fertilizer) for eggplants.

(2) Compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer special for facility eggplant Sanzhu

158.19kg of urea, 377.23kg of potassium sulfate, 314.36kg of potassium chloride and 150.22kg of filler are weighed, fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-helix mixer, sent into a granulator (both a disc granulator and a drum granulator) by a belt conveyor for granulation, and then dried, cooled, screened, metered and packaged to obtain the special compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for the third dressing of eggplants.

1.5 production of Bulk Blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer (per ton of dry fertilizer) for eggplant four-dressing facility

(1) Special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer for facility eggplant four-time dressing

358.60kg of granular urea, 285.04kg of potassium sulfate, 237.54kg of potassium chloride and 118.82kg of filler are weighed, fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-helix mixer, and are conveyed into a metering package by a belt conveyor to obtain the fourth additional application special bulk blended fertilizer (BB fertilizer) for eggplants.

(2) Compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer special for four-cropping eggplant facility

358.60kg of urea, 285.04kg of potassium sulfate, 237.54kg of potassium chloride and 118.82kg of filler are weighed, fully and uniformly mixed in an asymmetric double-helix mixer, sent into a granulator (both a disc granulator and a drum granulator) by a belt conveyor for granulation, and then dried, cooled, screened, metered and packaged to obtain the special compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for the fourth dressing of eggplants.

2. Calculating the application amount of a blended (BB) fertilizer or a compound fertilizer and/or a compound fertilizer special for eggplant facility

The application amount of the special fertilizer for the facility eggplant is converted by taking the total nitrogen application amount of the facility eggplant in the whole growth period as a standard, and the method comprises the following specific steps of:

2.1 Total Nitrogen application in the Whole growth season of facility eggplant

The total nitrogen application amount of the facility eggplant during the whole growth period is determined according to the nitrogen application Yield Reaction (YRN) of the facility eggplant crop in the corresponding planting area and the nitrogen Agronomic Efficiency (AEN) of the facility eggplant crop in the corresponding planting area. From the formula N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )＝YRN(t/hm ² ) X 1000/AEN (kg/kg). Wherein the nitrogen yield reaction YRN of the eggplant facility is 9.24 (t/hm) ² ) The agronomic efficiency of nitrogen AEN is 23.95 (kg/kg). Namely:

N _{general (1)} (kg/hm ² )＝9.24(t/hm ² )×1000/23.95(kg/kg)＝385.80kgN/hm ²

2.2 calculation of the application rates of the Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer and/or the compound fertilizer for eggplant plants

The special fertilizer for basal application, the special fertilizer for first dressing, the special fertilizer for second dressing, the special fertilizer for third dressing and the special fertilizer for fourth dressing of the facility eggplant account for 20 percent, 30 percent, 10 percent and 10 percent of the total amount of nitrogen applied respectively.

(1) Special application amount of mixed (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for basal application of greenhouse eggplants

The grade (formula) of the blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer special for basal application of the facility eggplants is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ O ═ 12.43-11.10-21.47, w (%) > 12.43%; namely:

special blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer recommended application amount (kg/hm) for basal application of facility eggplants ² ) ＝N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×m(％)/w(％)＝385.80kgN/hm ² ×20％/12.43％＝620.76kgN/hm ² Applied before transplanting and planting;

(2) special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer application amount for facility eggplant first dressing

The grade (formula) of a special blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for eggplant planting at the facility is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ 26.26-3.61-15.13% of O, 26.26% of w (%); namely:

recommended application amount (kg/hm) of special blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for facility eggplant first-aid dressing ² ) ＝N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×m(％)/w(％)＝385.80kgN/hm ² ×30％/26.26％＝440.75kgN/hm ² Dressing when 5 leaves or so are true leaves in the seedling stage, namely, fertilizing the seedlings;

(3) special blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer application amount for facility eggplant secondary dressing

The grade (formula) of a special blending (BB) fertilizer and/or a compound fertilizer for eggplant secondary dressing of the facility is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ O15.70-2.16-27.14, w (%) 15.70%; namely:

special blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer recommended application amount (kg/hm) for facility eggplant secondary dressing ² ) ＝N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×m(％)/w(％)＝385.80kgN/hm ² ×30％/15.70％＝737.20kgN/hm ² Dressing after the eggplant enters the growth period, namely promoting fruit fertilizer;

(4) special Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer application amount for facility eggplant triple-dressing

The grade (formula) of a special blending (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for three-time dressing of the facility eggplants is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ O7.28-0.00-37.72, w (%) -7.28%; namely:

recommended application amount (kg/hm) of special blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for third additional fertilization of facility eggplants ² )＝N _{General (1)} (kg/hm ² )×m(％)/w (％)＝385.80kgN/hm ² ×30％/7.28％＝529.95kgN/hm ² Dressing when the eggplant has the size of eggs, namely containing the No. I fertilizer;

(5) special blended (BB) fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer application amount for four-application eggplant

The grade (formula) of a special blended (BB) fertilizer or/and compound fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer for four-top dressing of the facility eggplant is N-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ 16.50-0.00-28.50% of O, 16.50% of w (%); namely:

recommended application amount (kg/hm) of BB fertilizer and/or compound fertilizer special for facility eggplant four-time dressing ² ) ＝N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×m(％)/w(％)＝385.80kgN/hm ² ×10％/16.50％＝233.82kgN/hm ² The additional application is started when the eggplant enters the fruit expanding period, namely the fruit II fertilizer is contained;

3) effects of the embodiments

In this example, two control treatments were set for field trials to compare with the method of the present invention, specifically as follows: CK (no nitrogenous fertilizer treatment) and FP (high nitrogenous fertilizer treatment). Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer consumption for FP treatment of the facility eggplant is 450.0kgN/hm ² Phosphorus (P) ₂ O ₅ ) Potassium (K) ₂ O) the fertilizer application amount is the same as that of the special fertilizer for the facility eggplants.

The results of the annual total yield and the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer of each treatment of the facility eggplant spring stubble-autumn delayed production are summarized and shown in the table 2.

TABLE 2

As can be seen from the table 2, the total yield of the eggplants specially fertilized with the special fertilizer for the facility of the invention is increased by 16.12 percent compared with the treatment without nitrogenous fertilizer. Compared with high nitrogen fertilizer treatment, under the condition of reducing the nitrogen fertilizer dosage by 14.27 percent, the total eggplant yield and the high nitrogen fertilizer treatment yield are basically equal by applying the method, and no obvious difference exists.

Compared with the high-nitrogen fertilizer treatment, the special fertilizer for the facility eggplants has the advantages that the difference of the total nitrogen accumulation amount of the overground parts of the eggplants is not obvious, but the agricultural utilization rate and the apparent utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer of the eggplants are obviously higher than those of the high-nitrogen fertilizer treatment by applying the special fertilizer for the facility eggplants. Compared with the high-nitrogen fertilizer treatment, the special fertilizer for eggplants with the facility provided by the invention can improve the agricultural utilization rate and the apparent utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer for the eggplants by 3.99kg/kg and 0.79 percent respectively.

The results show that the special fertilizer for the facility eggplants can keep the high yield of the eggplants and obviously improve the agricultural utilization rate and the apparent utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer for the eggplants under the premise of obviously reducing the using amount of nitrogen.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A special fertilizer preparation method for regional facility eggplants based on a QUEFTS model is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) fitting N, P and K optimal nutrient demand curves of the overground part of the facility eggplant under different potential yields and target yields by applying a QUEFTS model, and obtaining facility eggplant nutrient internal efficiency IE and ton eggplant nutrient absorption RIE parameters through the overground part N, P, K nutrient absorption and eggplant yield corresponding to the straight line part of the overground part optimal nutrient absorption curve;

(2) setting an obtainable yield Ya of the facility eggplant according to a maximum target yield value corresponding to a straight line part of the curve of the optimal nutrient demand of the overground part under the potential yield in the step (1);

(3) obtaining the yield Ya according to the step (2) and obtaining the nutrient absorption amount of the underground upper part of the yield Ya of the eggplant at the facility by acquiring the parameters of the nutrient absorption RIE of the eggplant corresponding to the ton of the eggplant in the linear part of the step (1),

namely: nutrient absorption capacity (kg/hm) of overground part ² )＝Ya(t/hm ² )×RIE(kg/1t)；

(4) Determining grades of soil basic nutrients N, P and K supply capacity according to RYN, RYP and RYK corresponding to 25th, median and 75th of relative yield of facility eggplants N, P and K nutrients, dividing the grades according to low, medium and high grades, and combining step (1) of nutrient absorption RIE of each ton of eggplants and step (2) of obtaining yield Ya to obtain INS, IPS and IKS of corresponding grade soil basic nutrients N, P and K supply, namely: IS ═ Ya × RY × RIE;

(5) determining N, P and K nutrient supply amount which the fertilizer should provide in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant by adopting a nutrient balance method according to the data obtained in the step (3) and the step (4), wherein the N, P and K nutrient supply amount which the fertilizer should provide in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant is equal to the total amount of the overground part N, P and the K nutrient absorption of the facility eggplant minus the soil foundation N, P and the K nutrient supply amount,

namely: supply of N to N _{Above ground} INS for supplying P to P _{Above ground} IPS, fertilizer K for K ═ K _{Above ground} ─IKS；

(6) Converting the ratio of N to P and N/N to P/N to K/N between N, P and K nutrients to be provided by the fertilizer in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant according to the N, P and K nutrient supply amount to be provided by the fertilizer in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant obtained in the step (5);

(7) according to the nutrient proportion of N to P to K and N/N to P/N to K/N provided by the fertilizer in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant obtained in the step (6), the nutrient proportion of N to P to K and N/N to P/N to K/N provided by the fertilizer required by each stage in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant is adjusted according to the season utilization rate of the fertilizer and a fertilizing measure, and the specific adjustment steps are as follows:

(7.1) adjustment according to the season utilization

Fertilizer basis N, P and K nutrient supply are respectively based on the utilization rate in the season: adjusting N30-35%, P10-25%, K30-45%;

(7.2) adjustment according to fertilization measures

The eggplant growth whole growth period is divided into a transplanting period, a seedling period as long as 5 true leaves, a growing period, an egg size of a fruit and a fruit expanding period, and the eggplant special fertilizer is respectively corresponding to a base fertilizer, a first dressing special fertilizer, a second dressing special fertilizer, a third dressing special fertilizer and a fourth dressing special fertilizer;

the basic N, P and K nutrient total amount distribution principle provided by the corresponding special fertilizer is as follows:

n: the special fertilizer for basal application, the special fertilizer for first dressing, the special fertilizer for second dressing, the special fertilizer for third dressing and the special fertilizer for fourth dressing are respectively 20-30-10 percent;

p: the base fertilizer, the first dressing fertilizer and the second dressing fertilizer are respectively 70-15 percent to 15 percent;

k: the special fertilizer for basal application, the special fertilizer for first dressing, the special fertilizer for second dressing, the special fertilizer for third dressing and the special fertilizer for fourth dressing are respectively 20-10-30-10 percent;

(8) respectively preparing a special blended fertilizer and/or a compound fertilizer for eggplants in a production facility according to the nutrient proportion of N: P: K and N/N: P/N: K/N provided by the fertilizer required in each stage in the whole growth period obtained in the step (7), and specifically comprises the following steps:

(8.1) converting the nutrient ratio of N/N: P/N: K/N obtained in the step (7) after being adjusted according to the fertilization measure into the special fertilizer for the eggplant, namely N: P ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ Proportioning nutrients O;

(8.2) according to the special fertilizer N: P for eggplant in (8.1) ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ The O nutrient proportion is determined according to the GB15063-2001 standard, and the content (%) and the corresponding N-P of the total nutrient of the special blended fertilizer and/or the compound fertilizer for the eggplant facility are respectively determined ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ And (4) after the grade of O, fertilizer preparation is carried out.

2. The special fertilizer preparation method for eggplant of localized facilities based on QUEFTS model as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (7.1), the fertilizer basis N, P and the nutrient supply of K are adjusted according to the season utilization rate of 35%, 25% and 45%, respectively, i.e. the adjusted N: P: K: N/35%: P/25%: K/45%, N/N: P/N: K/N: 35% N/35% N: 35% P/25% N: 35% K/45% N: 1: 35% P/25% N: 35% K/45% N.

3. Method for the application of specialized fertilizer for eggplant in a localized facility based on the QUEFTS model according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that it is a recommended application method based on yield response and agronomic efficiency, comprising in particular the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: determining low, medium and high grades of soil foundation N, P and K nutrient supply of the planting area according to the average yield of eggplant crops in the past year in the planting area, namely low-fertility soil, medium-fertility soil and high-fertility soil, wherein the low-fertility soil is a field block of which the average yield of the crops in the past 5 years of the field block is less than 25% of the national average yield, the high-fertility soil is a field block of which the average yield of the crops in the past 5 years of the field block is more than 75% of the national average yield, and the medium-fertility soil is a field block of which the average yield of the crops in the past 5 years of the field block is between 25% and 75%;

step two: determining the corresponding special fertilizer N: P for eggplants according to the soil foundation N, P obtained in the step one and the nutrient supply grade K ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ O nutrient proportion and fertilization mode;

step three: determining the yield Ya which can be obtained by the facility eggplant according to the annual average yield level of the facility eggplant crops in the planting area, wherein the obtained yield Ya is 1.10 times of the local average yield of the facility eggplant crops in 5-10 years;

step four: determining YRN a nitrogen application yield response of the facility eggplant crops in the corresponding planting areas according to the obtainable yield Ya obtained in the step three, wherein the nitrogen application yield response YRN of the facility eggplant crops is calculated by the formula 1:

YRN(t/hm ² ) The compound represented by formula (Ya) x k 1,

wherein k is the nitrogen yield reaction coefficient, calculated by formula 2:

k is 1-RYN formula 2;

step five: determining the nitrogen agronomic efficiency AEN of the corresponding eggplant crop according to the nitrogen fertilization yield response YRN of the eggplant crop of the corresponding planting area obtained in step four, namely:

AEN(kg/kg)＝a×(YRN) ² + b × (YRN) + c formula 3,

step six: determining the total nitrogen application amount N in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant crops in the planting area according to the nitrogen application yield reaction YRN obtained in the fourth step and the nitrogen agronomic efficiency AEN obtained in the fifth step _{General assembly} Calculated from equation 4:

N _{general assembly} (kg/hm ² )＝YRN(t/hm ² ) X 1000/AEN (kg/kg) formula 4;

step seven: the total amount of nitrogen donation N obtained according to step (7.2) and step six of claim 1 _{General (1)} Determining the N provided special fertilizer for the facility eggplant crops in the two corresponding planting areas in the step (2) to account for the total nitrogen application amount N _{General assembly} In percent m (%) wherein:

the percentage of the special fertilizer N for basal eggplant to the total nitrogen (N) is (20%);

the percentage of N (%) in the total nitrogen (N) applied is N × 100%/N80%; wherein the percentage m (%) of the first dressing special fertilizer N, the second dressing special fertilizer N, the third dressing special fertilizer N and the fourth dressing special fertilizer N in the total amount of the applied nitrogen (N) is respectively 30%, 10% and 10%;

step eight: the special bulk and/or compound fertilizer N-P for eggplant plants according to the step (8.2) of claim 1 ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ The concentration w (%) of N nutrients in the O grade and the total nitrogen application amount N in the whole growth period of the facility eggplant crops in the planting areas corresponding to the six steps _{General (1)} (kg/hm ² ) And step seven, providing N for the special fertilizer for the facility eggplant crops to account for the total nitrogen application amount N _{General assembly} The recommended application amount of the facility eggplant special fertilizer in the corresponding planting area is determined, and the recommended application amount is calculated by a formula 5:

recommended application amount (kg/hm) of special fertilizer for facility eggplant ² )＝N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² ) X m (%)/w (%) formula 5, wherein:

recommended application amount of special fertilizer for basal application of facility eggplant _{General (1)} (kg/hm ² )×20％/w(％)；

Recommended application amount of special fertilizer for facility eggplant once dressing (N) _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×30％/w(％)；

Recommended application amount of special fertilizer for two-stage dressing of facility eggplant _{General (1)} (kg/hm ² )×30％/w(％)；

Recommended application amount of three-dressing special fertilizer for facility eggplant _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×10％/w(％)；

Recommended application amount of four-topdressing special fertilizer for facility eggplants is N _{General assembly} (kg/hm ² )×10％/w(％)。

4. The method for applying specialized fertilizer to regional facility eggplants based on the QUEFTS model as claimed in claim 3, wherein the yield Ya obtained in the third step is preferably the average yield of the past 5 years facility eggplants.

5. The method for applying specialized fertilizer to eggplant in a localized facility based on the QUEFTS model as claimed in claim 3, wherein the numerical values of the binomial coefficients a, b, c in step five are obtained by fitting binomial curves to past experimental data of eggplant.